Test: Transition Elements

1. Transition elements formed coloured ions as a result of d-d transitons. The probable electronic
configuration of a coloured ion is

A. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 B. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1
C. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 D. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2

2. In general, block d elements (scandium to zinc) have high melting points. Which statement can
best explain this physical property?
A. The screening effect is high.
B. The structure is closed-packed.
C. The ionisation energy is high.
D. The metallic bonding involves 3d and 4s electrons.

3. Which statement is true about transition elements, vanadium to copper in the Periodic Table?
A. The atomic size decreases
B. The 4s orbital is fully filled.
C. The most stable oxidation state is +2
D. The first ionisation energies are almost similar.

4. Titanium and calcium are in the same period in the Period Table. Which property of titanium is
lower or smaller than that of calcium?
A. Density B. Atomic size
C. Melting point D. Electrical conductivity

5. Tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) chloride is a coordination complex. Which is true about the

complex?
A. Its ligand is bidentate
B. It is a square planar comple.
C. Its structural formula is [Co(en)3]Cl
D. It Forms two ions in aqueous solution

6. What happen when distilled water is added to a concentrated solution of tetrachlorocuprate(II)

ion?
A. A tetrahedral complex ion is formed.
B. Tetrahydroxocuprate(II) ion is formed.
C. The colour of the solution changes from yellow to blue.
D. A blue precipitate of copper(II) hydroxide is deposited.

7. X is suitable material used to build aircraft jet engines because it has a low density and high
resistance to corrosion. X is

A. carbon fibre B. tin

C. copper D. titanium
8. Transition elements could form various types of complex ions as follow:
[Fe(H2O)6]2+ [Fe(H2O)6]3+ [Fe(EDTA)]-

a. State the IUPAC name of [Fe(H2O)6]2+. [1 mark]

Hexaaquairon(II)

b. Determine the oxidation state number of iron in [Fe(EDTA)] -. [1 mark]

+3

c. Arrange the complex ions above according to the descending order of their relative stabilities.
Explain your answer. [3 marks]

[Fe(EDTA)]- > [Fe(H2O)6]3+ > [Fe(H2O)6]2+

because EDTA is a hexadentate ligand while water is a monodentate ligand
Fe3+ is more stable than Fe2+ because Fe3+ has half-filled 3d orbital, but Fe2+ has partial filed 3d
orbital

d. State the colour change when an aqueous solution of KSCN is added to [Fe(H 2O)6]3+. Write the
formula of the complex ion formed. [2 marks]

From yellow to blodd-red. The formula of complex is [Fe(H 2O)5(SCN)]2+

9. Nickel is used to catalyse a wide range reactions in the petrochemical industry. Describe the role
of nickel as a catalyst in the hydrogenation of alkene according to the following equation:
Ni [7 marks]
R-CH=CH2 R-CH2CH3
180 ᵒC

● Nickel used as heterogeneous catalyst

●Nickel is transition element that provide surface for adsorption of the reactants, R-CH=CH 2 and H2
●by using it 3d orbital

●adsorption brings the reactants closer each other and at the same time weaken the intramolecular
bonding of reactants.

●When the intramolecular bonding of reactants broken, then new bonding formed

● Then the R-CH2CH3released from the surface of nickel, then nickel can used as new surface for other
reactants.