Descriptive memory of the design “acoustic oud with the head stock

to tighten the strings in the box":

Backgrounds:

The present design is a modification of the present traditional Oud and the renancese Oud. The
design is complete and have one "unique art piece" already done that work in without problem
tuned as a guitar with guitar string. Can be tuned in several ways. Some drawings of the design
and photos of the unique piece are attached in this memory.

Diferences:

The diferences with other ouds and guitars desings are: The strings are thigthed in the box, the
headstock is located in the bottom of the box opposite to the neck, by this way the bridge don't
support the effort of the strings; to support the force of the string this oud have a spring (that
compensate the force of the trings bended over the bridge) for the normal force and also two
reinforcements for axial force; the neck have a resonant hole to improve the sound; the shape of
this oud is lightly peculiar and is developed and calculated in this design; The sound hole have a
cover to tune the box.

Advantages of this design:

The headstock in the box protect the machine head from knocks and prevent the damage of the
headmachine and the untuning of the instrument. Also have foots to hold the instrument in
vertical position while is not being used; The reinforcement make an instrument stronger with
better sound since the walls of the box and cover can be thiner than the ones without
reinforcement. The hole in the neck contribute in a better transfer of vibration in it to the box. The
spring contribute to support the force of the strings so can be made a thin cover of the box and
also improve the tranfer of the sound. All the construction is solid and strong.

Description of the design:

The design is acoustic calculated the shape of the design is showed in the drawing 1 (box), drawing
2 (neck), and drawing 3 (headstock) attached to this memory. The develop of the integral
calculation of the volume and surface of the box is attached. Also the calculation of the position of
the frets are attached. Also a spreadsheet for the calculation of the Helmholtz Resonator of the
box is attached to this patent memory. And the calculation of the surface of the sound holes in the
cover of the bigs sound holes.

Rights of claim:
In this paten is being claimed the rights of the peculiar parts of this design used in this type of
instrument or other type of string istruments. These are: the headstock; neck; box and cover of
the box; reinforcement and support for the spring and the complete sub system function that is
made by the assembly showed in the photo; the design of the cover of the sound holes. Also the
complete assembly that is showed in the photo of the unic art piece.

Can be found all the files of this design and more construction details on line in the following web
site:

https://1drv.ms/f/s!Asr3Ewn45KOLqjGSVAraaVLaUQTw
Unique art piece
Reinforcement system
NECK
DRAWINGS
 Cálculos de volumen y superficies del del laúd desarrollo de integrales (caja).

El cálculo del volumen es una aproximación usando sectores de un del volumen de un cono y un
promedio geométrico entre dos cuartos de esfera y un volumen de revolución generado por un
sector circular con centro sobre el eje Z pero distante del cero, del cual conozco el radio.

La fórmula de volúmenes de revolución viene dada por

𝑏

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = 𝜋 ∫ 𝐹𝑥 2 (𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥
𝑎

Esta es integrar los el área de los círculos de radio F(x) desde el comienzo y el final de la figura en
el eje X, al ser de revolución el eje Y y Z son idénticos. Y la función que determina la recta a girar
sobre el eje x tiene la forma

𝐴1
𝐹(𝑥) = 𝑋+𝐵
𝐴2

Dónde:

A1= Diferencia entre el radio menor y el radio mayor del cono a usar en la aproximación

A2= Largo del cono a utilizar

B= Radio menor del cono a utilizar.

La integral puede desarrollarse de dos formas por cambio de variable o bien por desarrollo de
polinomio
𝐴2
𝜋 𝐴1
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = ∫ ( 𝑋 + 𝐵) 2 𝑑𝑥
2 𝐴2
0

Quedando
𝐴2
𝜋 𝐴2 𝐴1 𝐴1
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = ∫ ( 𝑋 + 𝐵) 2 𝑑𝑥
2 𝐴1 𝐴2 𝐴2
0

𝜋 𝐴2 𝐴2 𝐴1
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = ( 𝑋 + 𝐵) 3
6 𝐴1 −0 𝐴2

𝜋 𝐴2 𝐴1 3
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = (( 𝐴2 + 𝐵) − 𝐵3 )
6 𝐴1 𝐴2
 𝜋 𝐴2
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = ((𝐴1 + 𝐵) 3 − 𝐵3 )
6 𝐴1

El segundo tipo de integral es más complicado. Pues la curva que define el giro esta en
coordenadas polares y para colmo de males con un centro fuera del (0,0). La ecuación viene
definida por

𝜋 𝛽
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑋)2 𝑅1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑 ∝
2 0

Donde se multiplica por R1 para corregir la escala de X

𝐹(𝑥) = 𝑅 − 𝑅1(1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝)

𝛽
𝜋
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = 𝑅1 ∫ (𝑅 − 𝑅1(1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝))2 𝑑𝑥
2 0

𝛽
𝜋
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = 𝑅1 ∫(𝑅 − 𝑅1(1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝))2 𝑅1 𝑑 ∝
2
0

𝛽
𝜋
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = 𝑅1 ∫(𝑅 2 − 2𝑅𝑅1(1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝) + 𝑅12 (1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝))2 𝑑 ∝
2
0
 𝛽
𝜋
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 = 𝑅1 ∫(𝑅 2 − 2𝑅𝑅1(1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝) + 𝑅12 (1 − 2𝐶𝑜𝑠 ∝ +𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 ∝)) 𝑑 ∝
2
0

𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 =

𝛽
𝜋 2 2
1 1
𝑅1 (𝑅 ∝ −2𝑅𝑅1(∝ −𝑠𝑒𝑛 (∝) ) + 𝑅1 (∝ −2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (∝) + 2 ∝ + 4 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (2 ∝) )
2
0

𝜋 1 1
Volumen = 2 𝑅1 ((𝑅 2 𝛽 − 2𝑅𝑅1(𝛽 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) ) + 𝑅12 (𝛽 − 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (𝛽) + 2 𝛽 + 4 𝑠𝑒𝑛 (2𝛽))

Calculo de las superficies:

Las superficies son similares pero la formula integra perímetros en vez de superficies, por
lo que la formula viene dada por la función sin elevar al cuadrado.
𝑏

𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋 ∫ 𝐹𝑥 (𝑥)) 𝑑𝑥
𝑎

𝐴2
𝐴1
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋 ∫ ( 𝑋 + 𝐵) 𝑑𝑥
𝐴2
0

𝐴1 2
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋 𝐴20( 𝑋 + 𝐵 𝑋)
2𝐴2

𝐴1 2
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋( 𝐵 + 𝐵 𝐴2)
2𝐴2
 𝛽
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑋) 𝑅1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑 ∝
0

𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋𝑅1 ∫(𝑅 − 𝑅1(1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∝)) 𝑑∝

0

𝛽
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋𝑅1 0(𝑅 ∝ −𝑅1(∝ −𝑠𝑒𝑛 ∝))))

𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋𝑅1(𝑅𝛽 − 𝑅1(𝛽 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝛽)

𝛽
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑋) 𝑅1 𝑑𝑥 𝑑 ∝
0

𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋𝑅1 ∫(𝑅 − 𝑅1(1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ∝)) 𝑑∝

0

𝛽
𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋𝑅1 0(𝑅 ∝ −𝑅1(∝ −𝑠𝑒𝑛 ∝))))

𝑆𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 = 𝜋𝑅1(𝑅𝛽 − 𝑅1(𝛽 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝛽)

 Calculo volumen laud

Area 1
A1 10
A2 15
F = A1/A2 X +
B (cte) 44 B

Volumen 56768.57925 56768.57925

Superficie 2165.604536

Area 2
A1 41
A2 60
F = A1/A2 X +
B (cte) 54 B

Volumen 536301.2819 536301.2819

Superficie 3299.614764

Area 3A
A1 20
A2 35
F = A1/A2 X +
B (cte) 95 B

Volumen 607963.6283 607963.6283

Superficie 8399.272359

Area 3B
A1 16.5
A2 40
F = A1/A2 X +
B (cte) 115 B

Volumen 955876.6887 955876.6887

Superficie 8930.467992

Area 4
A1 33.5
A2 147
F = A1/A2 X +
B (cte) 131.5 B

Volumen 5096484.418 5096484.418

Area 7 (se resta)

A1 71
A2 14
F = A1/A2 X +
B (cte) 14 B

Volumen 63121.92679 63121.92679

Area 5
R1 165
R2 153
Vol ~ pi/6 (r1^3 + r2^3)

Volumen 4227380.482
Superficie 115518.7847

Area 6 + 4
R1 352
R 165
B 0.430817383 Vol= R1xpi/2{R^2(

Volumen 5686890.36
388398.4742

VOLUMEN TOTAL mm3

17104543.51
0.017104544 M3
Superficie total 517781.7506 mm2
0.517781751 M2
 Calculos varillas

Circunferencia maxima

Radio maximo 165

Ancho varilla 16

Cantidad varillas 32.39767424

Radios coordenados (cero lado diapason)

Coordenada axial Radio Tamaño varilla en coordenada

50 44 4.266666667

65 54 5.236363636

125 95 9.212121212

160 115 11.15151515

200 131.5 12.75151515

270 156 15.12727273

347 165 16

400 152 14.73939394

445 126 12.21818182

465 105 10.18181818

486 71 6.884848485

Funcion lineal por coordenada (aproximacion en partes lineales)

Coordenada A1 A2

44 44

50 10

65 41

125 20

160 16.5

Perimetro varilla en sectores circulares

Coordenadas Radio

Inicial Final

200 270

270 347

347 400

400 445

445 465

465 486

486 506

Medidas varilla coordenadas respecto del eje central

Coordenada eje varilla Distancia al borde Distancia entre lados

66.60330322 2.133333333 4.266666667

84.6310596 2.618181818 5.236363636

157.3015488 4.606060606 9.212121212

197.6128375 5.575757576 11.15151515

240.8823418 6.375757576 12.75151515

314.9023528 7.563636364 15.12727273

392.5300607 8 16

446.5641293 7.36969697 14.73939394

498.1222723 6.109090909 12.21818182

525.4946315 5.090909091 10.18181818

561.6765343 3.442424242 6.884848485

642.2866766 0 0
Calculo frecuencia resonancia caja (helmholtz)
Volumen integrado 0.0171 m3
Area tapa 110820 mm2
Altura cinta bajo tapa 17.5 mm
Volumen total 0.019
Superficie agujero 230 Cm2 8.556
Diametro principal 60 % area 10.097
Porcentaje area vacia/total calado principal 43.09
Diametros secundarios 20% area cada uno 5.424
Porcentaje area vacia calados secundarios 49.77
Espesor madera 14.7 mm
Velocidad aire 342 m/s

Frecuencia resonancia 493.37

Frecuencia elegida B4 mitad clave de sol 493.8

Calculo reverbero

RvT 0.1611 * V/ S*a

Area total 0.628602
V= Volumen
S= Superficie
Coef absorcion madera 0.18
a coeficiente de absorcion promedio 0.18
(tomando 1 el agujero tapa)

RvT 0.027115

Este periodo equivale a la frecuencia 36.8805

Diametro agujero 10 mm
Largo agujero resonador
493.8 hz 173.14