Soyer v Lighting and Demand Side Manage, N-Sem-8) es Ment s@-4D Lighting and Demang Side Management (2 Marks Questions) 4.1. Explain DSM planning. OR Give a flow chart showing planning and implementation of DSM? Ane ee base case Identify measures Qualitative MTP Economie screening analysis Analysis screening analysis 1 Development programs 1 Evaluate programs Change Implementation Final evaluation after implementation Fig. 1. 42. Define the term “llumination’, ‘RHE Ilumination is the area, The unit is te uma Nu ved ya urs 43, = State the laws of illumination, 1. Law of inverse square; to the ine gunn oar laa Scanned with CamScannerpowse Teh & ney Management @Mark)_ SAD ENSeRS ee i the light source provided that the distance between the surface and the source is sufficiently large so that source can be regarded as @ point source. 2, Lambert's cosine law : According to this law the illumination at any point on a surface is pr the between the norrial at that point and the direction of luminous flux. 44. What are the characteristics which a lighting scheme should possess ? = 1. Itshould provide adequate illumination. 2. It should avoid glare and hard shadows as far as possible. 3. Itshould provide light of suitable colour. 45. What are discharge lamps ? vapour is made luminous by electric discharge gauss In these lamps, gas or through them. hee aaa ‘and intensity of light 7 »., candle power emitted depends on the nature of the gas 01 46 What is an ‘arc lamp’? seu: In an arc lamp electric current is made to flow through two With each other which are drawn apart. The electrodes in contact result is an are being struck. ‘The arc maintains the current, and is very efficient source of light. 4:7. Define the mscp. ‘gmx It is defined as the mean of the candle power of the source in all ‘rections in horizontal, lane 48. Define the mhep. (xum: It is defined as the mean o! directions inall planes. f the candle power of the source in all 49. What are the factors that lead to the efficient air-conditioning ? Ana i. Temperature control. ii, Humidity control. iii Air movement and circulation. a Scanned with CamScanner_ and Demand Side M, Lighting and Deman at eN-Sem-8) . — j SQ-16 D (EN-Sem- is ven direction is defined 48 the lminoy, nous intensity in Of per unit solid angle, itted by the source tensity () = © lumen/steradian or candela, Luminous intensity 5 ase Lumip flux em e illumination. ; oa eee is defined as the luminous flux received by the Ans n per unit area. Luminous flux Mlumination, B= =O ats CERO aA 413, Define lamp efficiency. ABE Its defined as the ratio of total luminous flux emitting from the source toits electrical power input in watts. Luminous flux ~. Lamp efficiency = — ee Lower input 4.14. Mention any two reasons why tungsten is preferred to carbon as filament material. Working temperature of tungsten is 2500-3000 °C. Its resistance at working temperature is about 12-15 times the cold resistance. Ithas positive temperature coefficient of resistance of 0.0045, . Its resistivity is 5.6-12.5 w0-cm. List out the properties should be possessed by the filament yy the ent High melting point. i. Low temperature coefficient, jh Highly resistive nature, a it mechanical. strength to withstand vibrations, What is meant by refrigeration ? AME It is the process of lucing the temperature of an object from the redi the tempe bj normal surroundi ture of tunding temperature in a conteoicy way in on Give some of the applications Ceratieaciiee 4.17, ea a li - Scanned with CamScannerPower Theft & Energy Management (2 Marks) S@17D (EN-Sem-8) i, The making of ice. ii, The air-conditioning of industries, iii, ‘The metal manufacturing and their treatment. 4.18, What is meant by air-conditioning ? wui& The process by which the temperat id it circulation of air is controlled #n an ‘codlaod ancy tend air-conditioning. 4.19. Define demand side management. 4mm Demand side management is the selection, planning and implementation of measures intended to have an influence on the | demand or customer-side of the electric meter. | 420. Give the applications of load control. ‘Aug; It is used to cut whole sale power cost. 421. What are the DSM strategies ? There are four basic DSM strategies : Energy efficiency Load shifting Peak load reduction Write the keys to successful implementation of DSM. Start with good programme design. Respond to early information in the market place. Be flexible with the details of programme delivery. What are the different levels of programme implementation of DSM? The various levels are : Pee Information ‘ii, Technic i Financial incentives iv, Direct intervention i iii 424. Write the various steps involved in implementing a DSM Programme. a Load research ii, Define load-shape objectives it, Implementation iv. Monitoring and evaluation. = What are the load shape objectives ? “iPeak clipping Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner