Chapter 1

1. 

2. 

3. 

d 20,000 ft  1 mi   60 s   60 min 
4. = = = 1363.64 mph
t 10 s  5,280 ft  1 min   1 h 

 1h 
5. 4 min   = 0.067 h
 60 min 
d 31 mi
=  = 29.05 mph
t 1.067 h

 3 ft   1 mi 
6. 100 yds    5,280 ft  = 0.0568 mi
1 yd   

60 mi  1 h  1 min 
= 0.0167 mi/s
h  60 min   60 s 

d 0.0568 mi
t=  = 3.40 s
 0.0167 mi/s

95 mi  5,280 ft   1 h  1 min 
7. a. = 139.33 ft/s
h  mi   60 min   60 s 
d 60 ft
b. t=  = 0.431 s
 139.33 ft/s
d 60 ft  60 s   60 min   1 mi 
c. =  = 40.91 mph
t 1 s 1 min   1 h   5,280 ft 

8. 

9. 

10. 

5 5 5
11. MKS, CGS, C = (F  32)  (68  32)  (36) = 20
9 9 9
SI: K = 273.15 + C = 273.15 + 20 = 293.15

 0.7378 ft - lb 
12. 1000 J   = 737.8 ft-lbs
 1J 

Chapter 1 1
  3 ft  12 in.   2.54 cm 
13. 0.5 yd     = 45.72 cm
1 yd   1 ft   1 in. 

14. a. °F = 2(°C) + 30° = 40° + 30° = 70°

9 9
b. °F = (C)  32  (20)  32 = 68°
5 5

c. very close

d. 30°C  90°F vs. 86°

5°C  40°F vs 41°

15. a. 14.6 b. 56.0

1
c. 1,046.1 d. = 0.0625 = 0.1
16
e. 3.14159 = 3.1

16. a. 14.60 b. 56.04

1
c. 1,046.06 d. = 0.0625 = 0.06
16
e. 3.14159 = 3.14

17. a. 14.603 b. 56.042

1
c. 1,046.060 d. = 0.0625 = 0.063
16
e. 3.14159 = 3.142

18. a. 104 b. 106 c. 103 d. 103

e. 100 f. 101

19. a. 15  103 b. 5  103 c. 2.4  106 d. 60  103

e. 4.02  104 f. 2  1010

20. a. 4.2  103 + 48.0  103 = 52.2  103 = 5.22  104

b. 90  103 + 360  103 = 450  103 = 4.50  105
c. 50  105  6  105 = 44  105 = 4.4  104
d. 1.2  103 + 0.05  103  0.4  103 = 0.85  103 = 850

21. a. (102)(103) = 105 = 100  103

b. (102)(103) = 101 = 10
c. (103)(106) = 1  109
d. (102)(105) = 1  103
e. (106)(10  106) = 10
f. (104)(108)(1028) = 1  1024

2 Chapter 1
22. a. (50  103)(2  103) = 100  100 = 100
b. (2.2  103)(2  103) = 4.4  100 = 4.4
c. (82  106)(1.2  106) = 98.4
d. (30  104)(4  103)(7  108) = 840  101 = 8.40  103

23. a. 102/104 = 102 = 10  103

b. 102/103 = 105 = 10  106
c. 104/103 = 107 = 10  106
d. 107/102 = 1.0  109
e. 1038/104 = 1.0  1042
f. 100 / 10 2 = 101/102 = 1  103

24. a. (2  103)/(8  105) = 0.25  108 = 2.50  107

b. (4  103)/(4  106) = 4/4  109 = 1  109
c. (22  105)/(5  105) = 22/5  100 = 4.4
d. (78  1018)/(4  106) = 1.95  1025

25. a. (102)3 = 1.0  106 b. (104)1/2 = 10.0  103

c. (104)8 = 100.0  1030 d. (107)9 = 1.0  1063

26. a. (2  102)2 = 4  104

b. (5  103)3 = 125  109
c. (4  103)(3  103)2 = (4  103)(9  104) = 36  101 = 360
d. ((2  103)(0.8  104)(0.003  105))3 = (4.8  103)3 = (4.8)3  (103)3
= 110.6  109 = 1.11  1011
27. a. (103)2 = 1.0  106
(10 2 )(10 4 )
b. 3
= 102/103 = 1.0  105
10
(10 ) (10 2 ) (10 6 )(10 2 ) 10 4
3 2
c. 4
 4
 4 = 1.0  108
10 10 10
3 4
(10 )(10 )
d. 4
= 107/104 = 1.0  1011
10

e. (1  104)3(102)/106 = (1012)(102)/106 = 1010/106 = 1.0  1016

f.
(10 )(10 )
2 2 3


1

1
= 1.0  101
(10 ) 10 
2 2 3
4 3
(10 )(10 ) 10

(3  10 2 ) 2 (10 2 )
28. a. = (9  104)(102)/(3  104) = (9  106)/(3  104) = 3  102 = 300
3  10 4

(4  10 4 ) 2 16  10 8
b.  = 2  105
(20) 3
8  10 3

(6  104 ) 2 36  108
c. 2 2
 4
= 9.0  1012
(2  10 ) 4  10

Chapter 1 3
 (27  10 6 )1 / 3 3  10 2
d.  = 1.5  107 = 150.0  109
2  10 5
2  10 5

(4  10 3 ) 2 (3  10 2 ) (16  10 6 )(3  10 2 ) 48  10 8
e.   = 24.0  1012
2  10  4 2  10  4 2  10  4

f. (16  106)1/2(105)5(2  102) = (4  103)(1025)(2  102) = 8  1020 = 800.0  1018

2 1/ 2
 (3  103 )3  1.60  102   (2  102 )(8  104 ) 
g.     
5 2
(7  10 )
(27  109 )(2.56  104 )(16  102 )1/ 2

49  1010
(69.12  105 )(4  101 ) 276.48  106
 
49  1010 49  1010
= 5.64  10 = 56.4  10
4 3

29. Scientific: a. 2.05 × 101

b. 5.04 × 104
c. 6.74 × 104
d. 4.60 × 102

Engineering: a. 20.46 × 100

b. 50.42 × 103
c. 674.00 × 106
d. 46.00 × 103

30. Scientific a. 5.0 × 102

b. 4.5 × 101
c. 1/32 = 0.03125 = 3.125 × 102
d. 3.14159 = 3.142 × 100

Engineering: a. 50.0 × 103

b. 0.045 × 103
c. 31.25 × 103
d. 3.142 × 100

4 Chapter 1
 +2

31. a. 6  104 = 0.06  10+6 = 0.06 × 10+6

3
3

b. 0.4  103 = 400  106 = 400 × 106

+3
2 +3 +3

c. 50  105 = 5000  103 = 5  106 = 0.005  109 = 0.005 × 109

+2 3 3

+4 3 3

d. 12  107 = 0.0012  103 = 1.2  106 = 1200  109 = 1200 × 109

4 +3 +3
3

32. a. 0.05  100 s = 50  103 s = 50 ms

+3
+3

b. 2000  106 s = 2  103 s = 2 ms

3

3

c. 0.04  103 s = 40  106 s = 40 s

+3

+6

d. 8400  1012 s  0.0084  106 s = 0.0084 s

6

Chapter 1 5
 +3
increase by 3
100

e. 100  103  103 m = 0.1  103 m = 0.1 km

3

 60 s 
33. a. 1.5 min   = 90 s
1 min 

 60 min   60 s 
b. 2 × 102 h    = 72 s
 1 h  1 min 

 1 s 
c. 0.05 s   6  = 0.05  106 s = 50  103 s
10 s 

 1 mm 
d. 0.16 m  3  = 0.16  103 mm = 160 mm
10 m 

 1 ns 
e. 1.2  107 s  9  = 1.2  102 ns = 120 ns
10 s 

1 min   1 h  1 day 
f. 4  108 s     = 4629.63 days
 60 s   60 min   24 h 

100 cm 
34. a. 80  103 m   = 8000  103 cm = 8 cm
 1m 

 1 m   1 km 
b. 60 cm     = 60  105 km
100 cm  1000 m 

 1 m 
c. 12 × 103 m  6  = 12  103 × 10+6 m = 12 × 103 m
10 m 

 1m  1m  4
60 cm2   = 60  10 m
2
d. 
100 cm   100 cm 

 1m 
35. a. 100 in.   = 2.54 m
 39.37 in. 

12 in.   1m 
b. 4 ft    39.37 in.  = 1.22 m
 1 ft   

6 Chapter 1
  4.45 N 
c. 6 lb   = 26.7 N
 1 lb 
 1 N   1 lb 
d. 60  103 dynes  5   = 0.13 lb
10 dynes   4.45 N 

 1 in.   1 ft 
e. 150,000 cm    = 4921.26 ft
 2.54 cm  12 in. 

 5280 ft  12 in.   1 m 

f. 0.002 mi     = 3.22 m
 1 mi   1 ft   39.37 in. 

1 yd 
36. 5280 ft, 5280 ft   = 1760 yds
 3 ft 
 12 in.   1 m 
5280 ft    = 1609.35 m, 1.61 km
 1 ft   39.37 in. 

60 mi 5280 ft 12 in. 1m 1h 1 min

37. = 26.82 m/s
h 1 mi 1 ft 39.37 in. 60 min 60 s

1000 m   39.37 in.   1 ft   1 mi 

38. 10 km      = 6.214 mi
 1 km   1 m  12 in.   5280 ft 
1 mi d 6.214 mi
= ,t=  = 40.39 min
6.5 min  1 mi
6.5 min

 3 ft  12 in. 
39. 100 yds    = 3600 in  3600 quarters
1 yd   1 ft 

d 500 mi
40. 60 mph: t=  = 8.33 h = 8 h:19.8 min
 60 mi/h
d 500 mi
75 mph: t =  = 6.67 h = 6h:40.2 min
 75 mi/h
difference = 1h:28.6 minutes

 cm 
41. d = t = 600  0.016 h   60 min   60 s   1 m  = 345.6 m
 s   1 h  1 min  100 cm 

Chapter 1 7
  
 14 ft  1 step 
42. d = 86 stories    9  = 1605 steps
 story   ft 
 12 
d d 1605 steps  1 minute 
= t    802.5 seconds  = 13.38 minutes
t  2 steps  60 seconds 
second

 14 ft   1 mile 
43. d = (86 stories)    1204 ft   = 0.228 miles
 story   5,280 ft 
min 10.22 min
 = 44.82 min/mile
mile 0.228 miles

5 min 1 mile  5,280 ft  1056 ft  14 ft 

44.   , distance = 86 stories   = 1204 ft
mile 5 min  1mile  minute  story 
d d 1204 ft
= t  = 1.14 minutes
t  1056 ft
min

 1 Btu 
45. a. 5 J  = 4.74  103 Btu
1054.35 J 

 1 gallon   1 m3  4 3
b. 24 ounces     = 7.1  10 m
128 ounces   264.172 gallons 

 86,400 s 
 = 1.21  10 s
5
c. 1.4 days 
 1 day 

 264.172 gallons   8 pints 

d. 1 m3     = 2113.38 pints
 1 m3  1 gallon 

46. 6(4 × 2 + 8) = 96

47. (42 + 6/5)/3 = 14.4

2
2
48. 5 
2
= 5.044
3

49. MODE = DEGREES: cos 21.87 = 0.928

50. MODE = DEGREES: tan1(3/4) = 36.87

51. 400 /(6 2


 10 / 5) = 7.071

8 Chapter 1
52. 205  106

53. 1.20  1012

54. 6.667  106 + 0.5  106 = 7.17  106

Chapter 1 9