Facultad Nacional de Ingeniería LIN-1103 “A”

FIRST PARTIAL 100

Departamento de Idiomas 2-JUL-2020
EXAM A
Name: _______________________________________________________ ID: _________ Signature: ____________
I. Read the following article very carefully, then complete the activities below.
Harmful pesticides lurking in New York State homes
1 Despite the existence of chemical-free methods to eradicate pests, Americans use more than a billion pounds of pesticides per year. These
chemicals are mostly out of sight and out of mind to unsuspecting homeowners, who are typically unaware of how to prevent potential harm
-- something new Cornell University research is addressing.
In a study recently published in JSM Health Education & Primary Health Care, College of Human Ecology researchers Joseph Laquatra,
5 Mark Pierce, Alan Hedge and Ann Lemley examined the extent of indoor pesticide pollution in New York state rural homes.
Conducting pesticide analyses as part of a larger effort that studied pollutants in homes and child care facilities, the researchers sampled
350 homes in Chenango, Columbia, Essex, Franklin, Wyoming and Hamilton counties, looking for 15 potentially toxic pesticides commonly
used in those areas' agricultural practices, with a likelihood of accumulation in the interiors of nearby homes.
"We found that pesticide residues are ubiquitous in rural homes in New York state," said Laquatra, professor of design and environmental
10 analysis, who noted that positive results for such chemicals were found in every house tested. Particularly concerning to Laquatra and his
fellow researchers is what is known about these chemicals and their potential harmfulness to humans, especially infants.
"Numerous health problems occur from exposure to pesticides, such as cancer, birth defects, leukaemia and ocular [vision-related] toxicity,
among a number of other health issues," Laquatra said. "Households with crawling toddlers should be concerned, as toddlers will
accumulate pesticide residues on their hands and then ingest them due to hand-to-mouth behaviours."
15 Previous studies of pesticide residues in homes have highlighted entry routes for chemicals that include tracking with shoes, bare feet,
clothing or animal fur; airborne entry; and soil gas entry. Adjacency and proximity to agricultural operations have also been cited as factors
responsible for residential pesticide residues because of spray drift. Further, pesticides applied to gardens and lawns can follow these same
transport routes into a home. Once inside a home, according to research, pesticide residues accumulate in dust and degrade at a lower
rate than they do outdoors because they are shielded from the effects of rain, sun and soil microbial activity.
20 According to the study, "Common Pesticide Residues in Rural Homes of New York State," pesticide education programs could include
home maintenance guidelines for prevention -- and safe eradication -- of accumulated pesticide residues, of which consumers may not be
aware. Emphasis, said Laquatra, should be placed on the importance of keeping the home clean.
A. Find five PASSIVE STRUCTURES in the article above and copy the verbs in the chart below.
For example, in Line 10.
0) WERE FOUND 1) 2)
10
3) 4)
B. Vocabulary. Find the equivalent terms in the text for the following Spanish expressions.
lurking Title lurking Tomar muestra L. 6 niño (1-2 años) L. 13

20 vista L. 2 probabilidad L. 8 comportamiento L. 14

Ignorantes de L. 2 extendido L. 9 huellas L. 15
propietarios L. 2 daño L. 11 Aéreo L. 16
no ser conciente L. 2 Exposición L. 12 Colindancia L. 16
Alcance L. 5 problemas L. 13 Protegido L. 19
instalaciones L. 6 Gente, casas L. 13 normas L. 21
C. CONTEXTUAL REFERENCE. Using the line references, read back the text to find what the words
in bold refer to.
… unsuspecting homeowners, who are typically unaware … (L. 2) 0) homeowners
40 ... as part of a larger effort that studied.... (L. 6) 1)
… analysis, who noted that positive results … (L. 10) 2)
… about these chemicals and their potential harmfulness... (L. 11) 3)
… residues on their hands and then ingest them due to... (L. 14) 4)
… residues on their hands and then ingest them due to... (L. 14) 5)
… and degrade at a lower rate than they do outdoors... (L. 19) 6)
… outdoors because they are shielded from the... (L. 19) 7)
…residues, of which consumers may not be… (L. 21) 8)
D. UNDERSTANDING IDEAS. Answer the following questions in SPANISH.
1) What did the College of Human Ecology researchers investigate?
2) Where did researchers take samples from?
30
3) What health problems can be produced because of pesticides?
4) How are toddlers more affected?
5) Why do pesticide residues degrade at a lower rate indoors?
6) What could be done in order to prevent and eradicate pesticide residues?