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SOLUCION
En forma matricial: AX=B
Métodos de Eliminación:
a) Método de Gauss-Jordan:
Matriz ampliada
Transformación en la matriz ampliada tal que A es matriz diagonal
SOLUCION DX=C
8 X1
1.875 X2
7.06666667 X3
-4.6509433962264 X4
X1= 2
X2= -3
X3= 4
X4= -5
SOLUCION
En forma matricial: AX=B
2 -1 0 X
-1 2 -1 Y
0 -1 2 Z
Métodos de Eliminación:
a) Método de Gauss-Jordan:
Matriz ampliada
Transformación en la matriz ampliada tal que A es matriz diagonal
2 -1 0 1
-1 2 -1 9
0 -1 2 -13
SOLUCION DX=C
2 0 0 X1 4
0 1.500 0 X2 = 4.5000
0 0 1.333 X3 -6.6667
2 X1
1.500 X2
1.333 X3
X1= 2
X2= 3
X3= -5
28.00 4.00 1.00 7.00 1.00 72.00
[A/B]= 4.00 32.00 2.00 5.00 1.00 99.00
1.00 2.00 75.00 9.00 8.00 306.00
7.00 5.00 9.00 65.00 3.00 319.00
1.00 1.00 8.00 3.00 19.00 134.00
- 16.00
- -5.63 = [D/C]
- 28.27
-4.65 23.25
16.00
-5.63
28.27
23.25
= 16.0000000
= -5.6250000
= 28.2666667
= 23.2547170
1
9
-13
s matriz diagonal
2 -1 0 1
0.50 F1+F2 0 1.500 -1 9.500
0 F1+F3 0 -1 2 -13
= 4.00
= 4.50
= -6.67
28.00 4.00 1.00
-0.14 F1+F2 - 31.43 1.86
-0.04 F1+F3 - 1.86 74.96
-0.25 F1+F4 - 4.00 8.75
-0.04 f1+f5 - 0.86 7.96
5.43
-7.39
-12.73
23.25
0 0 4
1.500 0 4.500 = [D/X]
0 1.333 -6.667
7.00 1.00 72.00 -0.13
4.00 0.86 88.71
8.75 7.96 303.43 -0.06
63.25 2.75 301.00 -0.13
2.75 18.96 131.43 -0.03
F2+F3
F2+F4
F2+F5
28.00 - - - 0.63
- 31.43 - - 0.55
- - 7.00 - 7.67
- - - 61.77 1.74
- - - - 18.06
SOLUCION DX=C
28.00 0.00
0.00 31.43
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00
Retornando al sistema de ecuaciones:
28 X1
31.428571428572
X1= 0
X2= 0
X3= 41
X4= 0
X5= 1
0.63 -0.03 F5+F1 28.00 -
-0.45 -0.03 F5+F2 - 31.43
297.95 -0.43 F5+F3 - -
1.74 -0.10 F5+F4 - -
18.06 - -
= 0
X2 = -1
7 X3 = 290
61.77 X4 = 0
18.06 x5 = 18
ma de ecuaciones:
- - - -
- - - -1.00
7.00 - - 290.27
- 61.77 - -
- - 18.06 18.06
b) Método de Eliminación Gaussiana; sin pivoteo
Matriz ampliada
Solución de UX=C:
2 -1 0 1
[A/B]= -1 2 -1 9
0 -1 2 -13
2 -1 0 1
[A/B]= -1 2 -1 9
0 -1 2 -13
2 -1 -
0 1.500 -1
0.667 F2+F3 0 0 1.333
Solución de UX=C:
2 -1 0 X1 1.000
0 1.50 -1 X2 9.500
0 0 1.33 X3 -6.667
2 X1 -1 X2 0 X3
1.50 X2 -1 X3
1.33 X3
X1 = 2
X2 = 3
X3 = -5
sin pivoteo
8 3 2 5
-0.38 F1+F2 0 1.88 3.25 4.13
-0.88 F1+F3 0 -1.63 4.25 4.63
-0.25 F1+F4 0 -0.75 6.50 2.75
egresivo:
sin pivoteo
2 -1 0 1
0.50 F1+F2 0 1.500 -1 9.500
0 F1+F3 0 -1 2 -13
1.000
9.500 = [U/C]
-6.667
= 1 -3 0
= 9.50
= -6.67
egresivo:
-10
-13.25
-1.25 0.87 F2+F3
14.50 0.40 F2+F4
8.0 -25.0
-20.6
METODO DE GAUS JORDAN
SOLUCION 4x4
En forma matricial: AX=B
8 3 2 5 -10
3 3 4 6 -17 =
[A/B]= 7 1 6 9 -10
2 - 7 4 12
2 -1 0 1
-1 2 -1 9 =
[A/B]= 0 -1 2 -13
a triangular superior: U
8 3 2 5 -10
7 1 6 9 -10 -0.88
3 3 4 6 -17 -0.38
2 0 7 4 12 -0.25
2 -1 0 1
0 -1 2 -13 0
-1 2 -1 9 1/2
8 3 2 5 -10
F1+F2 0 -1.625 4.25 4.625 -1.25
F1+F3 0 1.875 3.25 4.125 -13.25
F1+F4 0 -0.75 6.5 2.75 14.5
8 3 2 5 -10
0 -1.625 4.25 4.625 -1.25
0 -0.75 6.5 2.75 14.5
0 1.875 3.25 4.125 -13.25
2 -1 0 1
F1+F2 0 -1 2 -13
F1+F3 0 1.5 -1 9.5
8 3 2 5
0 -1.63 4.25 4.63
1.15 F2+F3 0 0 8.15 9.46
-0.46 F2+F4 0 0 4.54 0.62
8 3 2 5
0 -1 5/8 4 1/4 4 5/8
- 6/13 F2+F3 0 0 4 7/13 8/13
1 F2+F4 0 0 8 1/7 9 4/9
2 -1 0 1
0 -1 2.00 -13.00
1.50 F2+F3 0 0 2.00 -10.00
-10 8 3 2
-1.25 0 -1.63 4.25
-14.69 0 - 8.15
15.08 -0.56 F2+F4 0 - -
-10 8 3 2
-1 1/4 0 -1 5/8 4 1/4
15 1/13 0 0 4 5/9
-14 5/7 -2 F2+F4 0 0 0
2 -1 0
0 -1 2.00
0 0 2.00
Solución de DX=C:
5 -10 8 3 2 5 X1
4.63 -1.25 = [U/C] 0 -1 5/8 4 1/4 4 5/8 X2
9.46 -14.69 0 0 8 1/7 9 4/9 X3
-4.65 23.25 0 0 0 -4 2/3 X4
5 -10 8 3 2 5 X1
4 5/8 -1 1/4 = [U/C] 0 -1 5/8 4 1/4 4 5/8 X2
5/8 15 1/9 0 0 4 5/9 5/8 X3
8 1/2 -42 0 0 0 8 3/8 X4
1 2 -1 0 X1
-13.00 = [U/C] 0 -1 2 X2
-10.00 0 0 2 X3
-10 8 x1 3 x2 2 x3 5 x4= -10.00 ð x1 =
-1 1/4 -1.63 x2 4.25 x3 4.63 x4= -1.25 ð x2 =
-14 5/7 8.15 x3 9.46 x4= -14.69 ð x3 =
23 1/4 -4.65 x4= 23.25 ð x4 =
1 2 x1 -1 x2 0 x3 = 1 ð x1 =
-13 -1 x2 2 x3 = -13 ð x2 =
-10 2 x3 = -10 ð x3 =
no copiar
2 -9 8 -25
-3 17 -23
4 -47
-5
2 -9.00 8 -25
-3 17 -23
4 -3
-5
2 -3 0.00
3 -10
-5
matriz 4 x 4
d) Método de Factorización A = LU de Crout
MATRIZ 8 3 2 5 L11 0 0 0
3 3 4 6 = L21 L22 0 0
7 1 6 9 L31 L32 L33 0
2 0 7 4 L41 L42 L43 L44
L11 0 0 0 8 0 0
L= L21 L22 0 0 = 3 1.88 0
L31 L32 L33 0 7 -1.63 7.07
L41 L42 L43 L44 2 -0.75 7.8
COMPROBACION
L(Y ) B
Si AX B A LU ( LU ) X B L (UX ) B
UX Y
Cálculo de L(Y ) B
INGRESAR B DE TU MATRIZ
8.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Y1 -10
3.00 1.88 0.00 0.00 Y2 = -17
7.00 -1.63 7.07 0.00 Y3 -10
2.00 -0.75 7.80 -4.65 Y4 12
8 Y1 =
3 Y1 1.875 Y2 =
7 Y1 -1.625 Y2 7.0667 Y3 =
2 Y1 -0.75 Y2 7.8 Y3 -4.6509 Y4 =
Y1 = -1.3
Y2 = -7.1
Y3 = -1.8
Y4 = -5.0
Cálculo de UX Y
X1 = 2
X2 = -3
X3 = 4
X4 = -5
matriz 3 x 3
d) Método de Factorización A = LU de Crout
MATRIZ 2 -1 0 1 L11 0 0 0
-1 2 -1 1 = L21 L22 0 0
0 -1 2 1 L31 L32 L33 0
1 1 1 -1 L41 L42 L43 L44
L11 0 0 0 2 0 0
L= L21 L22 0 0 = -1 1.875 0
L31 L32 L33 0 0 -1 1.47
L41 L42 L43 L44 1 1.125 1.6
COMPROBACION
2 0 0 0 1 -0.125 0 0.13
LU= -1 1.875 0 0 0 1 -0.5333 0.6
0 -1 1.46667 0 0 0 1 1.09
1 1.125 1.6 -3.54545 0 0 0 1
L(Y ) B
Si AX B A LU ( LU ) X B L (UX ) B
UX Y
Cálculo de L(Y ) B
INGRESAR B DE TU MATRIZ "B"
2 0 0 0 Y1 1
-1 1.875 0 0 Y2 = 9
0 -1 1.46667 0 Y3 -13
1 1.125 1.6 -3.54545 Y4 4
2 Y1 =
-1 Y1 1.875 Y2 =
0 Y1 -1 Y2 1.4667 Y3 =
1 Y1 1.125 Y2 1.6 Y3 -3.5455 Y4 =
Y1 = 0.50
Y2 = 5.07
Y3 = -5.41
Y4 = 0.62
Cálculo de UX Y
1 X1 -0.125 X2 0 X3 0.125 X4 =
1 X2 -0.533 X3 0.6 X4 =
1 X3 1.0909 X4 =
1 X4 =
X1 = 0.77
X2 = 2.18
X3 = -5.41
1 U12 U13 U14
0 1 U23 U24
0 0 1 U34
0 0 0 1
7 L41 = 2
U23 = 1.733333
L33 = 7.066667
L43 = 7.8
= 6 ð U24 = 2.2
= 9 ð U34 = 1.16
= 4 ð L44 = -4.7
0
0
0
-4.65
0.625
2.2
1.1603773585
1
8 3 2 5
= 3 3 4 6 .=A. ð A=LU
7 1 6 9
2 0 7 4
L(Y ) B
UX Y
GRESAR B DE TU MATRIZ
-10
-17 -3.75
-10 -8.75 11.483
12 -2.5 5.3 -14.055
-1.3 -1.125 1 -3.125
-7.1 6.9333 -11
-1.8 -5.8019
-5.0
ón regresiva:
U23 = -0.533333
L33 = 1.466667 0 0.53
L43 = 1.6
= 1 ð U24 = 0.6
= 1 ð U34 = 1.09
= -1 ð L44 = -3.5
0
0
0
-3.545454545
0.125
0.6
1.0909090909
1
2 -1 0 1
= -1 2 -1 1 .=A. ð A=LU
0 -1 2 1
1 1 1 -1
1 -0.125 0 0.125
0 1 -0.533 0.6
0 0 1 1.0909
0 0 0 1
L(Y ) B
UX Y
1
9 -0.5
-13 0 -5.0667
4
0.5 -0.273 0
5.0666666667 2.8848
-5.41
0.6205128205
ón regresiva:
+ L44
+ L44
d) Método de Factorización A = LU de Doolitle 4 x 4
Factorización de la matriz A=LU:
Cálculo de U:
Transformación de la matriz A en su forma triangular superior: U
Cálculo de L: (Matriz triangular inferior, cuyos elementos de su diagonal son todos iguales a 1 y los restan
1 0 0 0
0.375 1 0 0
L= 0.875 -0.86667 1 0
0.25 -0.4 1.1037736 1
Comprobación:
1 0 0 0 8 3
0.375 1 0 0 0 1 7/8
LU= 0.875 -0.86667 1 0 0 0
0.25 -0.4 1.1037736 1 0 0
8 3 2 5 1 0
3 3 4 6 = 3/8 1
7 1 6 9 7/8 - 7/8
2 0 7 4 1/4 - 2/5
Cálculo de L (Y ) B
ingresa matriz "B"
1 0 0 0 y1 -10.00
3/8 1 0 0 y2 -17.00
7/8 - 7/8 1 0 y3 -10.00
1/4 - 2/5 1 1/9 1 y4 12.00
1 y1
3/8 y1 1 y2
7/8 y1 - 7/8 y2 1 y3
1/4 y1 - 2/5 y2 1 1/9 y3 1
y1 = -10
y2 = -13 1/4
y3 = -12 3/4
y4 = 23 1/4
Cálculo de UX Y
8 3 2 5 x1 -10
0 1 7/8 3 1/4 4 1/8 x2 -13 1/4
0 0 7 1/9 8 1/5 x3 -12 3/4
0 0 0 -4 2/3 x4 23 1/4
8 x1 3 x2 2 x3 5
1 7/8 x2 3 1/4 x3 4 1/8
7 1/9 x3 8 1/5
-4 2/3
x1 = 2
x2 = -3
x3 = 4
x4 = -5
d) Método de Factorización A = LU de Doolitle 3 x 3
Factorización de la matriz A=LU:
Cálculo de U:
Transformación de la matriz A en su forma triangular superior: U
2 -1 0 3 2 -1
-1 2 -1 1 = -1 2
A= 0 -1 2 2 0 -1
-1 2 3 -1 -1 2
Cálculo de L: (Matriz triangular inferior, cuyos elementos de su diagonal son todos iguales a 1 y los restan
1 0 0 0
-0.5 1 0 0
L= 0 -0.66667 1 0
-0.5 1 3 1
Comprobación:
1 0 0 0 2 -1
-0.5 1 0 0 0 1.5
LU= 0 -0.66667 1 0 0 0
-0.5 1 3 1 0 0
2 -1 0 3 1 0
-1 2 -1 1 = -0.50 1.00
0 -1 2 2 - -0.67
-1 2 3 -1 -0.50 1.00
Cálculo de L (Y ) B
ingresa matriz "B"
1.00 - - 0 y1 1
-0.50 1.00 - 0 y2 9
- -0.67 1.00 0 y3 -13
- 1/2 1 3 1 y4 4
1.00 y1
-0.50 y1 1.00 y2
- y1 -0.67 y2 1 y3
- 1/2 y1 1 y2 3 y3 1
y1 = 1.00
y2 = 9.50
y3 = -6.67
y4 = 15
Cálculo de UX Y
2.00 x1 -1.00 x2 - x3 3
1.50 x2 -1.00 x3 2 1/2
1.33 x3 3 2/3
-13
x1 = 2.00
x2 = 3.00
x3 = -5.00
x4 = -1 2/13
Doolitle 4 x 4
2 5 8
4 6 - 3/8 F1+F2 0
6 9 - 7/8 F1+F3 0
7 4 - 1/4 F1+F4 0
odos iguales a 1 y los restantes son los multiplicadores con el signo contrario)
2 5 8 3 2 5
3 1/4
7 1/9
4 1/8 =
8 1/5
3
7
3
1
4
6
6
9
A A LU
0 -4 2/3 2 0 7 4
0 0 8 3 2 5
0 0 0 1 7/8 3 1/4 4 1/8
1 0 0 0 7 1/9 8 1/5
1 1/9 1 0 0 0 -4 2/3
L(Y ) B
UX Y
x4 = -10 -9 8 -25
x4 = -13.25 13 -20 5/8
x4 = -12.7333333 -41
x4 = 23.254717 -5
Doolitle 3 x 3
0 3 2
-1 1 1/2 F1+F2 0
2 2 0 F1+F3 0
3 -1 1/2 F1+F4 0
odos iguales a 1 y los restantes son los multiplicadores con el signo contrario)
0 3 2 -1 0 3
-1 2.5 =
1.33333333 3.66666667
-1
0
2
-1
-1
2
1
2
A A LU
0 -13 -1 2 3 -1
0 0 2 -1.00 - 3
0 0 0 1.50 -1.00 2 1/2
1 0 0 - 1.33 3 2/3
3 1 0 - - -13
L(Y ) B
UX Y
x4 = 1 -3.00 0
x4 = 9.5 5.00
x4 = -6.66666667
x4 = 15
3 2 5 0
1.875 3.3 4.125 0
-1.625 4.25 4.625 0 13/15 F2+F3
-0.75 6.5 2.75 0 1/2 F2+F4
A A LU
-1 0 3 0
1.5 -1 2.5 0
-1 2 2 0 0.667 F2+F3
1.5 3 0.5 0 -1 F2+F4
A A LU
8 3 2 5
0 1 7/8 3 1/4 4 1/8
0 0 7 1/15 8 1/5
0 0 7 4/5 4 2/5 -1 F2+F4
2 -1 0 3
0 1.50 -1.00 2 1/2 = U
0 - 1.33 3 2/3
0 0 4 -2 -3 F2+F4
8 3 2 5
0 1 7/8 3 1/4 4 1/8 = U
0 0 7 1/9 8 1/5
0 0 0 -4 2/3
2 -1 0 3
0 1 1/2 -1 2 1/2 = U
0 0 1 1/3 3 2/3
0 0 0 -13