Al2 APPENDIX B Typical Properties of Selected Materials Used in Engineering’® (U.S. Customary Units) Ubimate Sirengih _| Yield Sirength? Modulus Modulus] Coefficient Ducility, Specific Compres of of of Thermal Percent Weight,|Tension, sion,? Shear, Tension, Shear, | Elasticity, Rigidity, | Expansion, Elongation Material Ub/in? [ksi ksi ksi [ksi ksi" |10%psi_ 10% psi [10°F in 2 in. Steel Structural (ASTM-A36) 0.284 | 58. 3629 uz | 65 a1 High-strengthelow-alloy ASTM-A709 Grade 50 0.984 | 65 50 29 nz | 6s a1 A913 Grade 65 0.284 | 80 6 29 uz | 6s 7 ASTM-A992 Grade 50 0.284 | 65 30 29 uz | 65 aL ‘Quenched & tempered ASTM-A709 Grade 100 0.984 110 100 29 uz | 6s 18 Stainless, AISI 302 Cold-rlled 0.286 |125 % 8 ws | 96 12 Annealed 0.286 | 95 33/28 1s | 96 50 Roinforcing Stool Medium strength 0.283 | 70 0 2» u 65 High strength 0.283 | 90 60 29 n 65 Cast Iron Gray Cast lron 45% C, ASTM AS 0.260 | 2595, 35 10 a1 | 67 05, Malleable Cast Tron 2% C,1% Si, ASTM A-d7. 24 fo 9 = 48 | 33 m os | 67 10 Aluminum Alloy 1100-14 (99% Al) 0.098 | 16 wo }u 8 fror 37 |isa 9 Alloy 201476 o.01 | 66 40 |55 33 Joo 39s 13 Alloy 202474 o.o1 | 68 a | a7 106 129 19 Alloy 5456-1116 0.095 | 46 a7 |33 19 Joa 133 16 Alloy 6061-76 os | 38 24 | 35 20 |ror 37 [131 7 Alloy 7075-16 o1o1 | 83 48 | 73 ws 4 faa n Copper ‘Oxygencfree copper (99.8% Cu) Annealed 0322 | 32 22 | 0 7 64 | 94 45 Hard-drawn 0322 | 57 29 | 53. 7 64 | 94 4 Yellow Brass (65% Cu, 35% Zn) Cold-roled 0306 | 74 2 |60 36 |is 56 Jus 8 Annealed 0306 | 46 32 f15 9 is 56 Jus 65 Red Brass (85% Cu, 15% Zn) Gold-rolled 0316 | 85 45 | 63 7 64 |ios 3 Annealed 0316 | 39 31 | 10 7 64 fios 48 Tin bronze o3is | 45 a ir 10 30 (88 Cu, 88n, 4Zn) Manganese bronze 0.302 | 95 8 15 2 20 (63 Cu, 25 Zn, 6 Al, 3 Mn, 3 Fe) Aluminum bronze oso | 99 130 40 16 m1 fo 6 (81 Cu, 4 Ni, 4 Fe, 11 Al) (able continued on poge AIS)APPENDIX B Typical Properties of Selected Materials Used in Engineering'> — A13 (SI Units) Ubimate Strength | Yield Sirength? Modulus. Modulus| Coefficient Dueiility, ‘Compres- oF of of Thermal Percent Density Tension, sion,’ Shear, |Tension, Sheor,| Elasticity, Rigidity, | Expansion, Elongation Material kg/m? |MPa MPa MPa |MPa MPa [GPa GPa | 107%/*C in 50 mm Steel Structural (ASTM-A36) 7860 | 400 250145 | 200 a High-strength-lowealloy ASTM-A709 Grade 345 7860 345 200 a ASTM-A913 Grade 450 7860 450 200 " ASTM-A992 Grade 345 7860 345 200 al Quenched & tempered ASTM-A709 Grade 690 7860} 760 690 200 nz 18 Stainless, AIST 302 Cold-olled 7920 | 860 520 wo 7% (Ts 12 Annealed 7920 | 655 260 150 1905/73 50 Reinforcing Steel Medium strength 7860 | 450 275 200 0m uz High strength, 7860 | 620 415 00 fun Cast Iron Gray Cast Iron 4.5% C, ASTM AS 7200 240 68 05 Malleable Cast Iron 2% C,1% Si, ASTM A47 700 [345620830230 16565 a 10 Aluminum Alloy 1100-H14 (99% Al) amo | 110 7 | 95 55 | 7 26 [236 8 Alloy 2014-6 2500 | 455 275 |4o0 930 | 75 a7 | 3300 1B Alloy-2024-14 2800 | 470 280 [325 3 23.2 19 Alloy 5456-H116 2630 | 315 185 |230 130 ‘| 72 239 16 Alloy 6061-16 2710 | 260 165 |210 140 | 7 25 | 236 7 Alloy 7075-6 2800 |570 330 |500 m8 — |236 u Copper ‘Oxygen-free copper (99.9% Cu) Annealed so1o | 220 150 | 70 12044 45 Hard-drawn so10_ | 390 200 | 265 12044 4 Yellow-Brass (65% Cu, 35% Zn) Cold-rolled 8470 [510 300 |a10 250 105 38 209 8 Annealed 8470 | 320 220 ji00 60 fio 38209 65 Red Brass (85% Cu, 15% Zn) Cold-rolled st40 [585 320 |435 0 4487 3 Annealed 8740 [270 210 | 70 wo 44 fi87 48 Tin bronze 800/310 a5 95 180 30 (88 Cu, 88n, 4Zn) Manganese bronze 8360 | 655 330 105 216 20 (63 Cu, 25 Zn, 6 Al, 3 Mn, 3 Fe) Aluminum bronze 8330 [620 900 275 no 42 6 6 81 Cu, 4 Ni, 4 Fe, 11 AD) (Table continued on page ALS)Al4 APPENDIX B Typical Properties of Selected Materials Used in Engineering’® (U.S. Customary Units) Continued from page Al Ultimate Strength | Yield Strength? Modulus Modulus | Coefficient Duct Specific Compres. of of of Thermal Percent Weight, Tension, sion, Shear,| Tension, Shear, |Elastciy, Rigidity, | Expansion, Elongation Material Ib/in’ [ksi ksi ksi [ksi ksi 10% psi 10% psi [10°F in 2 in Magnesium Alloys Alloy A280 (Forging) 0.065 | 50 23 | 36 65 ad fia 6 Alloy AZ3I (Extrusion) 0.064 | 37 1 | 29 65 2d fia 2 ‘Titanium Alloy (6% Al, 4% V) o161 |130 120 165 53. 10 Monel Alloy 400(Ni-Cu) Cold-worked osi9 | 98 8550 | 26, 22 Annealed ois | 80 3 is 26, 46 Cupronickel (90% Cu, 10% Ni) Annealed 0323 | 53 16 20 75 | 95 35 Cold-worked 0323 | 85 9 20 75 | 95 3 ‘Timber, air dry Douglas fi oor | 1s 7200 Ld 19 1 Varies Spruce, Sitka ons | 86 56 1a 15 o7 | 17t025 Shortleaf pine 0.018 7314 7 Western white pine 0.014 50 10 15 Ponderosa pine ons | 84 53 0 13 White oak 0.025 74 20 18 Red oak 0.024 68 18 18 Western hemlock 016 | 13 7213 16 Shagbark hickory 0.026 o2 4 22 Redwood ons | 94 61 09 13 Concrete Medium strength 0.084 40 36 55 High strength 0.084 60 45 55. Plastics Nylon, type 606 oon. fu 65 04 80 50 {molding compound) Polycarbonate 95 as 9 035 68 uo Polyester, PBT son 8 0.35 % 150 (thermoplastic Polyester elastomer 0.0433 | 65 55 0.03 500 Polystyrene cosa | 8 13 8 045 70 2 Vinyl, rigid PVC 0.0520 | 6 10 65 045 6 40 Rubber 0033 | 2 90 600 Granite (Avg, value 100 | 335 5 10 4 4 Marble (Avg. value o100 | 2 18 4 8 3 6 Sandstone (Avg, values ooss fl 2 2 6 2 5 Glass, 96% silica 0079 7 96 al faa ‘Properties of metals vay widely a a teu of varatons i composton, eat treatment, and mechani working For dice metals the compression stengl i generally assumed to be equal tothe tension strength “offset of 02 percent, “titer properties are fr losing parle to the gain ‘see aso Marks’ Mechanical Engineering Handbook, 1th od, McGravHil, New York, 196, Annual Book of ASTM, American Society for Testing Materia, Philadelphia, Pa; Meals Handbook, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, Ohio, and Aluminum Design Manual, The Akuninm Axsoetation, Wash ton, BC,APPENDIX B Typical Properties of Selected Materi (SI Units) Continued from page Al4 Ubimete Strength Id Stengih? Modulus. Modulus Compres- of of of Thermal Percent Density Tension, sion,? Shear |Tension, Shear,| Elasticity, Rigidity, |Expansion, Elongation Material kg/m’ |MPa_| MPa MPa [MPa MPa |GPa GPa Magnesium Alloys Alloy AZS0 (Forging) 1800 | 345 160 |250 6 6 Alloy AZ31 (Extrusion) i770 | 255 130 |200 16 Titanium, Alloy (6% Al, 4% V) 4730 | 900 830 ns 95 10 Monel Alloy 400(Ni-Cu) Cold-worked 8830 Jers 585 345. |180 39 Annealed 8830 550 220 125. ‘|s0 139 46 ‘Cupronickel (90% Cu, 10% Ni) Annealed so40 | 365 no 052 m1 35 Cold-worked so10 [585 545 Mo 52 m1 3 ‘Timber, air dry Douglas fir 470 fi00 50 76 B 7 Varies Sprace, Sitka 415 | 6039 76 10 0 3.01045 Shortleaf pine 500 50 97 12 Western white pine 390 u 70 10 Ponderosa pine 415 | 55 36 76 9 White oak 690 51 138 12 Red oak 660 7 124 12 Western hemlock 440 | 9050 100 1 Shagbark hickory 720 68 165 15 Redwood 45 | 65 a2 62 9 Concrete Medium strength 2320 23 5 99 High strength, 2320 40 30 99 Plastics Nylon, type 61, io | 7595 45 28 144 50 {molding compound) Polycarbonate 1200 | 6585 35 24 10 Polyester, PBT iso | 5575 55 24 135, 150 (thermoplastic Polyester elastomer 1200. | 45 40 02 500 Polystyrene 1030 | 55 90 55, 31 125 2 Vinyl, rigid PVC iso | 4070 45 31 135 40 Rubber 10 | 15 162 600 Granite (Avg, values) 20 240 35 4 72 Marble (Avg, values) aro | 15 125 28 3 108 Sandstone (Avg, values) 2300 | 7 85 “4 2 9.0 Glass, 98% silica 2190 50 a1 [80 ‘Properties of metals very widely ata real of variations in composition, het treatment, and mechanical working "Por ductile metals the compression strength ie generally assumed to be equa t the tension strength “offset of 02 percent ‘Timber properties ae for lading parallel to the gran See alo Marks Mechanical Eugincering Handbook, U0th ed, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996, Annual Book of ASTM, American Society for Testing eras, Pliladelpia, Pa; Metals Handisok, American Society of Metals, Metals Fark, Ohio, and Alum Design Manual, The Aluminum Assocation, Washington, DC