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Plant Introduction
A piping system is the most effective and commonly
Engineering use way of carry fluids in the industry and represent
Workshop the main system in any industry,
due to its economical and
man hours investment
SEMINAR/WORKSHOP
10/22/2016 and because it represent
the connection between
Introduction to Piping in
almost all element in the
EPC Projects
industry.
Karen Oliver
Company
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Introduction
For example, in a petrochemical industry the piping
system represent between a 25% and 35% of all
industry material and requires between 30% and
40% the construction and erection man hours and it
could require up to 50% of engineering hours.
However, despite the economic and man hours’
investment, the importance that a piping system
can have in an industry is bigger than any of the
percentages presented before.
Introduction
The piping systems are the main responsible of
the proper performance of the industry and the
failure of any of piping system´s components
could generate a complete stop of the industry,
damage on the piping system and connection
equipments and even more important, lives lost.

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Piping Discipline inside a Project Piping Discipline inside a Project

organization chart organization chart
The design of a piping system involves a large
number of engineers and almost all the Is shown below a diagram with all main departments and
departments of the task force. activities of an engineering project.
The design and analysis of a piping system, is not a
work of an only one person or exclusive to piping
department. Is a job that requires a huge amount of
information and coordination between all the
disciplines involved.
Only with a teamwork the design of a piping system
will be feasible, reliable, optimal and secure.

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Piping Discipline inside a Project Piping Department´s disciplines and

organization chart their activities
Usually piping department is constitute by three
disciplines:

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Piping Department´s disciplines and Piping Department´s disciplines and

their activities their activities
Materials: is responsible of piping material Design: is responsible of
specifications, calculation of piping thickness and generate the plot plan, locate
materials take off. They supervise and control de all equipments, define and
material take off generating the request for locate the racks, structures
purchases of materials and evaluating vendor and platforms, make the
offers. piping routing in accordance
with project specifications in
order to guarantee the
accessibility of equipments
and instruments.
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Piping Department´s disciplines and Piping Department´s disciplines and

their activities
Stress and Supports: they are the responsible of
carried out the stress analysis of the lines, calculate
the loads on structures and platforms, support the
lines in accordance with the stress analysis. Stress
and support activities are the final activities in the
design of a piping line and without their evaluation
the line cannot be issued for construction.
their activities
Stress and Supports: they are the responsible of
carried out the stress analysis of the lines, calculate
the loads on structures and platforms, support the
lines in accordance with the stress analysis. Stress
and support activities are the final activities in the
design of a piping line and without their evaluation
the line cannot be issued for construction.

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Piping Department´s disciplines and

their activities
The objectives of a stress analysis can be summarized in two
activities:

o To ensure the structural integrity of the system.

o To ensure the continued operation of the system.

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What needs Piping Department to What needs Piping Department to

Work? Work?
All the departments mentioned before, work together • Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
in design and construct the refinery.

Each of these departments generate documents

required by piping discipline.

The most important documents required by piping are

the followings:

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What needs Piping Department to What needs Piping Department to

Work? Work?
• Process and Instrument Diagrams (PID) • Line List

The line list includes the complete information of each

piping segment of the project, such as, operation and
design temperature and pressure, material
specification, insulation type and thickness, special
conditions (steam out requirements, vacuum
conditions, etc).
The PID and line list represent the basic documents for
a piping design and stress analyst.
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What needs Piping Department to
Work?
• Instrument and valves vendor data
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Plant Engineering Workshop 2016 - InIPED
What needs Piping Department to
Work?
• Codes and Project Specifications
The piping activities are basically driven by three different
types of regulations and / or codes:
Ø International Codes
Ø National Codes and Regulation
Ø Project Specifications
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What are the Piping Deliverables?
Ø Piping Material Specification
The piping material group are the responsible of create the
piping material specifications of the project, based on type
of fluid, reaction of the fluid with pipes and piping
components and operation and design conditions of the
system.
Each specification applies to a specific combination of
fluids, temperature and pressure ranges.
From piping material specifications, process engineers
assign the correct specification to each pipe in the project
and can proceed to create the line list and piping and
instrument diagrams (PID).
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What needs Piping Department to
Work?
• Equipment vendor data and information
All piping activities start with the location of the equipments and the
interconnecting pipe with them, and to perform correctly the design, stress
analysis and support is necessary the vendor data of all equipments;
pumps, compressors, turbines, vessels, exchangers, air coolers,
packages, etc.
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What are the Piping Deliverables?
Piping department create a lot of data for other disciplines,
such as:
• Rack, Structures and platforms location and definition,
used by civil department for design
• Vessel´s nozzle orientations & clips
• Location of all equipments and piping routing for
hydraulic calculation by process department
• Structural Pipe Support for civil department
But the main deliverables from piping disciplines are the
followings:
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What are the Piping Deliverables?
Ø Plot Plan
The piping design group is the responsible of develop the
project’s plot plan.
The plot plan is a drawing which includes the location of
equipments, structures, racks and buildings.
The overall plot plan includes the location and size of each
units and location of main structures and racks, but it does
not include the name of each equipments, coordinates and
structures and platforms, this information it is included on
the plot plans of each unit.
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What are the Piping Deliverables? What are the Piping Deliverables?
Ø Plot Plan ØPiping Isometrics.
Once the plot plan has been created, the piping designers
using the plot plan, PID, line list and equipment vendor
drawings, perform the initial piping routing of each system
and generate the isometrics.

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What are the Piping Deliverables? What are the Piping Deliverables?
ØPiping Isometrics. ØStress analysis and piping supports.
The engineers of stress and support discipline, are the
responsible of perform the stress analysis of each line of the
project, validate the piping routing, guarantee that the
loads transmitted from the piping system to the connection
equipments are admissible and determine the restriction
and supports required.
Once the stress analysis has been done, the support
designer selects and design the proper support for each
restriction indicated by the stress analyst on the stress
isometric.

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What are the Piping Deliverables? What are the Piping Deliverables?
ØStress analysis and piping supports. ØStress analysis and piping supports.

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The final result? The final result?

After all work, information used and generated, the
final result from piping is a 3D model of the unit
which will be fabricated and erected according to
the deliverables indicated previously.

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The final result?

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