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HomeBlogThe Different Types of Fans Used in the HVAC Industry

Innovation in Motion
The Different Types of Fans Used in the HVAC Industry
POSTED BY SAM PELONIS / MAY 28, 2019 9:45:04 AM

A fan is a key component of any HVAC system. The most common HVAC fans are axial,
forward-curved centrifugal, and backward-inclined, and each is uniquely suited to
certain purposes. It�s important to understand each fan�s differences in energy
efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and noise considerations. The wrong fan for the job
could lead to reduced functionality and higher costs. Here�s what you need to know
about the various fans for HVAC systems.

Axial Fans
hvac axial fan
Axial Fans, which include propeller, tube axial, and vane axial styles, move an air
stream along the axis of the fan. These fans work like an airplane propeller�blades
generate an aerodynamic lift that then pressurizes the air. Propeller fans embody
only a motor and a propeller used to drive the airflow. Similar to a propeller fan,
a tube axial fan includes a venturi that surrounds the fan propeller and is
designed to reduce the air leak

age or vortices created by the spinning prop. A vane axial fan features vanes
trailing the rear of the propeller, which straighten out the swirling airflow that
occurs when the air is accelerated by the motor. Axial fans are inexpensive,
compact, and light, making them a favorite for industrial applications. They are,
however, usually noisier than centrifugal fans. Noise can be abated by insulating
the duct; mounting the fan on soft materials like rubber or using a spring isolator
to reduce the amount of transmitted vibration; or installation of sound dampening
material or baffles.

Centrifugal Fanscentrifugal fan

Centrifugal Fans, which are categorized by their radial, forward curved, or
backward inclined blade shapes, increase the speed of an air stream with a rotating
impeller. The speed increases as the air reaches the ends of the blades and is then
converted to pressure. These fans are able to produce high pressures, which makes
them suitable for harsh operating conditions, such as systems with high
temperatures or moist or dirty air streams. Tip vortices or tip leakage flow
produced by the pressure differential across the airfoil section can be problematic
with these basic fans.

Forward-Curved Centrifugal Fans, look more like hamster wheels and can create more
air pressure. Because of this, they tend to be noisier than axial fans and require
more power to run. They are durable, easy to clean and maintain, and have less
problems with resistance. Forward-curved centrifugal fans are also called blowers.

Backward-Curved Centrifugal Fans are uncommonly shaped blades, which can be curved
or straight, make these fans excellent for high volumes of airflow and variable
resistance. They are often used for industrial purposes.

Applications of Fan Types

Though axial fans are usually the least expensive, they�re not the right solution
for every situation. Because of their features and capabilities, they are best for
compact electronics, automotive products, medical devices, and appliances as well
as large applications such as cooling towers, vending machines, outdoor air
conditioner compressors, and combustion engine cooling. Axial fans are also ideal
as general-purpose fans.

Centrifugal fans are better for larger systems: air-handling units, air pollution
and filtration systems, and drying systems. With incredible energy efficiency and
versatility, these fans come in a variety of models, so you can find one to fit
into a small, hard-to-reach space. They are also great options for dust collection,
glass tempering, and incineration systems.

Choosing the right fan for your HVAC system is essential for its efficiency and
performance. An axial fan, for example, won�t do as good a job managing the
resistance compared to centrifugal fans of the same size in an air filtration
system. Using an axial fan for that purpose would make the system perform poorly
and likely lead to extra maintenance and repairs. Even though it would be less
expensive initially, it would cost you more in the long run and would not function
the way you would expect from such a system. Likewise, using a centrifugal fan in a
cooling tower where it�s not needed would lead to unnecessary noise and increased
costs.

Find the Perfect Fan for Your HVAC System Needs

Even among HVAC fan types, there are a variety of shapes and sizes that will help
you narrow down the best option for your project. Take a look at our selection of
fans listed in Pelonis Technologies' catalogue and see which one is right for you.
If you�re still unsure on which fan is right for you, make sure to download our
eBook, How to Select a Cooling Fan. Additionally, we can customize your choice to
meet even the most demanding restrictions. If you have any questions or wish to
learn more about HVAC system fans, contact our team today.

Topics: hvac products, fans

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