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Exchange with the Environment

USING KEY TERMS

For each pair of terms, explain how the meanings of the terms differ.
1.diffusion and osmosis

2.active transport and passive transport

3.endocytosis and exocytosis

UNDERSTANDING KEY IDEAS

4._The movement of particles from a less crowded area to a more crowded area requires
a.sunlight. c. a membrane.
b.energy. d. osmosis.

5.What structures allow small particles to cross cell membranes?

MATH SKILLS
6.The area of particle 1 is 2.5 mm2 . The area of particle 2 is 0.5 mm2 . The area of particle 1 is how many times
as big as the area of particle 2? Show your work below.

Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Science and Technology 29 The Cell in Action
Name________________________________Class____________________Date____________________

Section Review continued

CRITICAL THINKING
7.Predicting Consequences What would happen to a cell if its channel proteins were damaged and unable to
transport particles? What would happen to the organism if many of its cells were damaged in this way?
Explain your answer.
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8. Analazing Ideas Why does active transport require energy?

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Exchange with the Environment

Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided.

_________ 1. the movement of water through a membrane

a. diffusion
_________ 2. the movement of substances through a cell membrane
without the use of cell energy b. osmosis
_________ 3. the process by which a cell membrane surrounds and c. active transport
encloses a large particle to bring it into the cell
d. exocytosis
_________ 4. the sac formed around a large particle to allow a cell to
take in or remove the particle e. passive transport

_________ 5. the movement of substances through a cell membrane f. vesicle

with the use of cell energy
g. endocytosis
_________ 6. the movement of particles from regions of higher
density to regions of lower density

_________ 7. the process by which a cell gets rid of large particles

Original content Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
Holt Science and Technology 30 The Cell in Action