UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

Faculty of Pharmacy
Department of Medical Technology

MT 632 – HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY WITH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

EXERCISE 2– CELL ANATOMY AND FUNCTION

Learning Outcomes :

• Identify the different elements that comprise the cell

• Determine the specific function associated with each cell component
• Distinguish the types of transport mechanisms carried the cell
MATERIALS
Models or Charts on Human Cell Anatomy
Each cell that makes up a living organism is a highly organized unit. The human body has about
200 kinds of cells with diverse shapes, sizes and functions. A typical cell is bounded on the surface by a
cell membrane, has a central nucleus and a cytoplasm that houses a variety of organelles, inclusions and
with cytoskeletal elements forming its supportive framework
PROCEDURE
CELL ANATOMY
The figure below shows a generalized cell containing all the major organelles which can be seen
in other cells.
1. Study the image of the cell illustrated below. On each box is a description of the characteristic
features and function of the major organelles within the cell. Identify which organelle is described
in each statement. Write your answer on the blank space provided within the box.

2. By means of leader line, connect the organelles you have identified with the corresponding part or
structure illustrated in Figure 2.1.
 EXERCISE 2: CELL ANATOMY AND FUNCTION

Name: ___________________________ Date Submitted:______________

Year and Sec:____________________ Group no.:___________________

Exercise No. 2
CELL ANATOMY AND FUNCTION

OST DISCUSSION ACTIVITY :

A. CELL ANATOMY

1. Identify the organelle that is described in each statement. Write your answer on the blank
space provided within the box.

2. By means of leader line, connect the organelles you have identified with the corresponding
part or structure shown in Figure 1 below.

1. ______________________________ Like a
“little nut” that contains the DNA of the
cell. The control center of the cell.

2. _________________________ A membrane
bound organelle involved in protein
synthesis

3. ____________________ “sausage shaped”;

supplies 95% of the ATP required by the
cell

4. ____________________ Vesicle packed

with enzyme, known as the digestive
system of the cell

5. _____________________ Network of tubes

and sacs involved in lipid bio-synthesis

6. ___________________outermost boundary
of cell, regulating substances that enters
and exit the cell

7. _________________________ forms the

framework or scaffold of the cell
Figure 2.1- Cell
Structure
10. _____________________sac-like structure 8. _____________________ Typically “saucer
formed by the Golgi apparatus that contains shaped”, for post translational
materials to be released by the cell modification of proteins

9. ___________________nine triplets of
microtubules ; facilitates movement of
chromosomes during cell division
Figure 2.2 - The Eucaryotic Cell
CELL FUNCTIONS
1. CELL TRANSPORT FUNCTION

Organelle: Organelle: Organelle:

Role : Role : Role :

A. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

Organelle: Organelle: Organelle:

Role : Role : Role :

B. CELL REPRODUCTION

Organelle: Organelle: Organelle:

Role : Role : Role :

EXERCISE 3

Name: ___________________________ Date Submitted:______________

Year and Sec:____________________ Group no.:___________________

Exercise No. 3
CELL TRANSPORT MECHANISMS

POST DISCUSSION ACTIVITY

A.
I) Identify the type of cell transport demonstrated in the images below.

A B C

D E F

I ) Cell transport mechanism demonstrated

A. ____________________________ D. ____________________________
B. ____________________________ E. ____________________________
C. ____________________________ F. ____________________________
II) Determine which transport mechanism is used to bring the list of substances
across the cell membrane. Select your answer from the images illustrated above Write only
the LETTER.

_______ 1. Sodium ion ________ 4. Iodine

_______ 2. Glucose ________ 5. Lipid
_______ 3. Oxygen ________ 6. Bacteria
_______ 4. Low density Lipoprotein (LDL) / cholesterol
 EXERCISE 3: TRANSPORT ACROSS THE RED CELL MEMBRANE

Name: ___________________________ Date Submitted:______________

Year and Sec:____________________ Group no.:___________________

Exercise No. 3
Transport Across the Red Cell Membrane

RESULTS / OBSERVATIONS

Draw the appearance of RBC suspended in the different salt solution and write down your
observation on the box provided

Observation: show crenated RBC

RBC with 10% NaCl

Observation: show normal morphology of RC

RBC with 0.9% NaCl

Observation: show swollen RC

RBC with 0.1% NaCl

 EXERCISE 3: Cell Membrane Transport Mechanisms

Name: ___________________________ Date Submitted:______________

Year and Sec:____________________ Group no.:___________________

Exercise No. 3
Cell Membrane Transport Mechanisms

POST DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

1. Differentiate Passive from Active Transport

2. What is Bulk Transport Mechanism? Give examples of this type of cell transport
system

3. Define crenation.

4. Define hemolysis.

5. Differentiate the three types of solutions based on their effects on cellular tonicity.
Name: ___________________________ Date Submitted:______________
Year and Sec:____________________ Group no.:___________________

Exercise No. 4
Tissues
RESULTS / OBSERVATIONS

Draw or paste the microscopic images of the different tissue types demonstrated on the space
provided below.

I. EPITHELIAL TISSUES

TISSUE TYPE:
TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE:
TISSUE TYPE :

Source: Source: Source:

Source:

Source:

TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE:

Source: Source: Source:

 II. GENERAL CONNECTIVE TISSUES

TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE:

Source: Source: Source:

TISSUE TYPE:
TISSUE TYPE:

Source:
Source:

III. CARTILAGE

TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE:

Source: Source: Source:

 IV. BONE V. BLOOD

TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE:

Soure: Source: Source:

VI. MUSCULAR TISSUES

TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE:

Source: Source: Source:

VII. NERVOUS TISSUE

TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE: TISSUE TYPE:

POST ASSESSMENTS

Source: Source: Source: Source:

EXERCISE 4: TISSUES
POST DISCUSSION ACTIVITIES
IDENTIFY the different Tissue types or subtypes / tissue elements in Column I and match them
with their Tissue Source in Column II and associated function in Column III

COLUMN 1 COLUMN II COLUMN III

a. Storage of fat,
insulation

b. Exchange of gases

c. Secretes fluid that

lubricates and
1. A. cleanses the oral
cavity.

d. For body movement

e. Controls higher body

function

f. Provides support and

flexibility
B
2. g. For absorption of food

h. Support and
protection of delicate
organ

i. For absorption,
diffusion and
secretion
3. C.
j. For defense against
infection

4. D.
5. E.

6. F.

7. G.

8. H.
9. I.

10. J.

Answers:

Microscopic structure of Tissue Tissue Source Associated

function
1. Simple squamous epith.
2. Simple columnar epith.
3. Stratified cuboidal
4. Adipose Conn. Tissue
5. Hyaline cartilage
6. Osteon of bone
7. skeletal / striated muscle
8. Blood cells (WBC)
9. Layers of the cerebral cortex
10. Simple cuboidal