ALGEBRA (CE CORRELATION 2020)

PROGRESSION getting the nth term in arithmetic progression. Get

the reciprocal of the number and you will get the
Arithmetic nth term for the harmonic sequence.

Arithmetic progression is a sequence such that the difference  To get the sum of “n” terms, use Sigma Notation
between any two consecutive numbers is constant, (common
(∑)
difference, “d”).
 To determine the harmonic mean of two terms
Formulas:
2
To determine the nth term of the sequence HM =
1 1
+
x y
an= a1+ (n-1)d
Or
To determine the sum of “n” terms
GM2
Sn = (n/2)(a1+an) HM =
AM
To determine the arithmetic mean of all terms, just get the
PARTIAL FRACTION
average.
Partial-fraction decomposition is the process of starting with
Am = (a1+an)/n
the simplified answer and taking it back apart, of
"decomposing" the final expression into its initial
polynomial fractions.
where:
Case 1: Factors of the Denominator in the first degree, None
a1 = first term in the sequence Repeated.
an = nth term in the sequence
Case 2: Factors of the denominator in the first degree, some
Sn = sum of all terms
repeated.
Am = arithmetic mean
Case 3: Factors of the denominator in the higher degree,
Geometric
none repeated.
Geometric progression is a sequence such that the previous
Case 4: Factors of the denominator in the higher degree,
term multiplied by the next term is a constant, (common
some repeated.
ratio, “r”).
Problems:
Formulas:
1. The 1st term of an arithmetic progression is 11
To determine the nth term of the sequence
while the 17th term is 155. What is the common
an=a1rn-1 difference? What is the 100th term? Find the sum
of the first 100 terms.
To determine the sum of “n” terms
2. The nth term of a sequence is given by the
a1 (1 − r n ) following expression, 3n+14. What is the sum of
Sn = the first 30 terms?
(1 − r)

To determine the geometric mean of two terms

3. The sum of the first terms of a progression can be
𝐺𝑀 = √𝑎1 ∙ 𝑎2 expressed as 14n+3n2. Find the 15th term.

To determine the geometric mean of three or more terms 4. An unidentified flying object moves along a
straight path. For the first second, it travels 20m.
GM = n√a1 ∙ a2 ∙ a3 … an For every succeeding second hereafter, it travels
6m farther than it did in the preceding second.
Infinite Geometric Series: How far did it travel in 13seconds?

𝑎1
𝑆=
1−𝑟 5. The half life of a certain radioactive substance is 2
years. Determine the amount that will be left from
Harmonic a 500-gram substance after 20 years.

Harmonic progression is a sequence such that when you get 6. The first term of a geometric progression is 400.
the reciprocal of the numbers, the resulting numbers will What is the common ratio if the 3rd term is 144?
create an arithmetic progression.
7. A harmonic progression has a 3rd term of 15 and
 To get the nth term of the sequence, first convert to
9th term of 6. Determine the 11th term.
arithmetic progression, then use the formula for
 ALGEBRA (CE CORRELATION 2020)

8. A Besiege fortress is held by 5700 men who have 21. Find the product of the roots of x5 – 4x4 -7x3 + x2
provisions for 66 days. If the garrison loses 20 men -3x +4 =0.
each day, how many days can the provision hold
out?
22. When you divide 2x4 + ax3 – x2 + bx + 1 by x-2,
9. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 15m. On the remainder is 13. When divide it by x+3, the
each rebound, it rises 2/3 of the height from which remainder is 223. Find the value of a.
it last fell. Find the distance travelled by the ball
before it comes to rest. 2
23. Find the term involving x9 in (𝑥 2 + )12
𝑥

10. In a benefit show, a number of wealthy men agreed

that the first one to arrive would pay 10 centavos to 24. Find the sum of the coefficients in the expansion
enter and each later arrival would pay twice as (3x+1)4
much as the preceding man. The total amount
collected form all of them was P 104,857.50. How 25. Find the sum of the exponents in the expansion
many wealthy men had paid? (x2 + 2/x)12

11. A contractor who does not meet the deadline on the
construction of a building is fined P40,000 per day
for each of the first 10 days of extra time, and for
each additional day thereafter the fine is increased
by P8,000. If the contractor is fined P1,008,000, by
how many extra days was the construction delayed?
26. The sum of the digits of a three-digit number is
12. When the hundreds and tens are interchanged,
the number is reduced by 630. But when the
hundreds and units digits are interchanged, the
number is reduced only by 495. Find the sum of
the squares of the digits.

x+4 A B 27. If three cats can kill three mice in 3 minutes, in

12. = + how many minutes can 12 cats kill 12 mice?
x(x−2) x x−2

Find the value of A. 28. The sum of the parents’ ages is twice the sum of
the children’s ages. Four years ago, the sum of
the parent’s ages was thrice the sum of the
children’s ages. In 16 years, the sum of the ages
x2 −3x+5 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶 of parents and children will be equal. How many
13. = + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥−4
x2 (x−4) 𝑥 children are there?

Find the value of B 29. The lizard traveled from corner A to OPOSITE
corner B of a Rectangular room measures
2mx3mx4m. Determine the shortest distance
covered.
3x2 +5x−1 𝐴 𝐵𝑥+𝐶
14. = + 2𝑥 2 −3
(2x2 −3)(x+2) 𝑥+2 30. It is now between 5 and 6 o’clock. In 20 minutes,
the minute hand will be ahead of the hour hand as
Find the value of C it was behind it. What time is it now?

31. A vat contains a mixture of acid and water. If 25

2x2 +3x 𝐴𝑥+𝐵 𝐶𝑥+𝐷 gallons of acid are added, the mixture will be
15. (x2 +4)2
= +
𝑥 2 +4 (𝑥 2 +4)2 80% acid. If 25 gallons of water are added, the
mixture will be 60% acid. Find the percentage of
Find the value of D. acid in the mixture.

16. Find the Last digit when 13 is raised to 655. 32. Car A can travel around a circular track in 120
seconds while car B in 80 seconds. If they started
17. Find the value of ii . from the same point but travel in opposite
direction at the same time, in how many seconds
18. Solve for x: will they meet for the first time?

33. John, Paul and George can finish a job in 12, 16

1 and 19 hours respectively. John and Paul worked
𝑥 =1+
1 together for 4 hours. Paul got tired so George
1+ 1
1+ worked in place of him until the job is finished.
1+⋯
How long did John work?
34. A cat is now 50 of her own leaps ahead of a dog
which is pursuing her. How many more leaps will
19. If one of the roots of a quadratic equation is 8 – the cat take before it is overtaken if she takes 5
3i, find the quadratic equation. leaps while the dog takes 4 leaps, but 2 of the dog
leaps are equivalent to 3 of the cat leaps?
20. Solve the depressed equation if x4+5x3-7x2- 35. A man lived his life for “X” years. When he was
29x+30=0 is divided by x+ 5 at his midlife, his first child was born. When he
 ALGEBRA (CE CORRELATION 2020)

was in his two-thirds of his life, his second child

was born. When the man died, the sum of the ages
of his children is 60 how long did the man live?
36. At what time after 7 o clock will the second hand
bisect the hour and the minute hands for the first
time?