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    vtu

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    module 4

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    vtu

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    37 views19 pages

    Module 4

    Uploaded by

    priya
    vtu

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 19
    Posies ae —— ai j Module 4+ Age [conbinued! | | Doe Spree Models Trhroduction- stake in the qroup of Vortablis which summa te hintowy of ane Aiptem th Onder bo predict the fuctuse Vobste The stots spac modal Of a aipter'ablous the deoteyn Se P connate Using all the stab varoblu af the exper Stode Naniotole Ake the matlect set a1 Vamables Hrok dutemints p the phate OL the nupten. re fundion Mest and Stak Vaniabl approach CAlak span models) one re two madel widely Usd +2 anclipe te Control ape The stot spam model of Oo 2uplem allows the drain fo Cork aon eenn OL the tak Vamiotble of tHe ala- | Skoke Moddle in nothing but wher analysing mutticnpt & multi Cukput ale with Atot npace onclipirs the olp aquakion and | akode ay colladtively Kroon ac Stat: Modele | Stake Spoce Model at exe Qecloted Sytem ors) nor | ere if als) Gent load Goussnor “Tuabene | ca | The S-domom 14"s ane | ale Pmt6) - SALE) = 0-0(8) QHE*D pele) (24840) = SPmCEd- OPLCE) Spwlg) 2H + DDLAS) = OP m4) = DRL) | Gaeol4) = 2D. Deol) +L dem (4) - 4 PPL) —O an aH an Scanned with CamScanner ' Fov the Lurbinegue have, OR Cae) 2 AB, fea |on CAST ee) D Pgs) © APCs) SPA Ca er ly Ap) 4 ste er) TR Tra Fox the qouencr we bone [oP ag (4) al \ i DP(4) (4ST, a opular fie Sta) - D Peep (a)- B04) SOP (4)= - LOR) + 4 ey (4) > 1 pwls) -@ Ne Ta, RT, For the inteqrotor we Aor, DPrq = -EL ets) S 5 Pig (4). = +8, 2e0ls) — (4) Eqns) ave state aquations WE con defene the stot | usctor in Lime domain 6 | Ke (Porm Amy ama)” Exkanal input o4 Ap. Stoke squstions car be Lionclormed ule time clomoin t waiter in o mottix form a, | a o 0 bes eal pol s e 2u 2H ah Pm Se Oe ya the . a o The THR Pm ° z ah “3 Neel el te 5 (Rie eee SCY AP ret a a To -* O a Pre, oO The stondord form > akoki apace modal XY. axl + Bul. _©) | 4yld= cx(eys D4lO) bore | K(k) = stots uschor, ULE. input vector, 4 (b= oukput vechor Scanned with CamScanner Sy aq” GD X= Pwo Pm DP dPrey] y ul) = ap. yl) = aw eae —Os ai Oo B= fas Celi 000 as aH 2H 3H L J 0 0 ee) Tray aural 0 aN 0 RT o ae mes 4 Te ites Dra ° -6, 0 State Space Model for a Two- Azeo Sypten Cometdix the block diagrom of o two-oren oypkew wou AGC Comrids the stat vector + Xe [/e0, AP APr OP aay, OP, O°: OFrme DP bP] The skate veckor & 9x) vector. From block Mogram, we Con vorite foll AQ uations ® a Scanned with CamScanner Maen) ec (op, - OP, 4) - APust4) QH\A+D) 3 Pag (4) -O Be 2. sels) +1. apn, (2) - 1 on Oe ee Te any oul 2 bp) = tt — Lop ca) \4S Tra, Stp,,(4 - -L Pmils) + 1 07) -@& Trey Tre, 3. OP La) « OP, (e)- 4-8 c)) mee % : = ‘j SoPyls) = — 1 SACs) Me Oi ()- te rua(s) —-@ as Te Ru Tay L. DPaey (4) = — ke sy = Sit La, puo,cad+ 08:.(40] So Prepica) ~ =e (B, O00, (4) = iy D Pre C2) -W & OR ts) = Ta [ante - D2(8)] SoPeie C4) = Ta Ot (4) - T,.809, (4) hae G dir (s) = [ & Pues p. DPna(s)— BP, ee ma | Ls (4) + DReld] $4, (4) = -p. = a Bus, (4) ae nee) ies Foote ) 4 DP, (8) = nine [orcay) SDPm (4) = - = OP la) + 1 DP) Tae Tea —@ —~@ Scanned with CamScanner yee! ae ree ae | 3 rte = [ar C= 1 0, NP STa Re Shalt) = - Tey el) + Le OP Cd - bx,4) —@) Tas Nea DI Pecers: =i Prepid > — Bie (8, 010400) - orietad] SOPrepa C4) = - Ki 1B, Dens) KD Pues) —(Q) Bs We) are Pecan aCe & Con le repeated in phondard Jonm (= a x(t) + auls) Hee © OoO- 0000 ea 2H : Pm OF, ae 0000 ' ny Te Tra, 2 bey, s, fou oO Oo Py : ign ach DPeu, enol Pr eo. .2°) “ OPe: Pace. eM On Oui.) 2 ee : et si=D, 32) 01 © Ads oe ease Eee P Qa & @ aL Le ee $ Tre. Tree DR, @. 6) 6@ il ee Rite Gr Tee Ores DU OM Rm -hnG0 Oe © (ps [1 2c000000 D-= 02°02 1000 Scanned with CamScanner Vie- Line Oxcillotions © aypteny abode motkx & a 9x3 motrix rity following ovoumptions caw scmply ond opt the oy whe ape Poaromatiro for dynoric Tepes: 0 ~ aren dor o. two papier - Hyecks Pooumptions are! cous. eee heme constorts 2. Negled damping conto Dond Pr 3. Bol onmas ans geese omer, Oo ee Oy eee cS Pants) =e TONS) a Rg DPm, (4) = - HWE —© Rg perc) = 4 [Pm (A= DPLILA = OPaco] ne) B surostbediing fot OP (d eae peo t= 1 ——— | - 2PU)- oP) - \+ lL 2s aRHs Sencdosly ae pecan: BR (s+ 1s ste | a) > V+ oe ARHs DP, = a (A - 00224] Lb Pils) — BPLita) — 2 oneo))] Py) * eral iB sens (os) Feiwel \° Pur (4) OPu ) 2HS4+ $ 2Hsi4 § @ ae Pots) = 2S [ort - ort) se S +t 2a A Scanned with CamScanner The pots Of the danominotor duteamine the Oreithations in 4p, . 4 Wwe Aempow the danoninotar wity the stoner stend-Ordur ORO rquotion: CHALK +00, we B 4A s+ Wy -@) hw eer Ch, nan Ons Her ATT od lane “the domping 4 dakamined by voluus Of Lond oo, moot, of err yle) ave Bi, $2 - Bn t Jeon Jie F T KASS wham Le Blon g eg ewn Sine oe dom ping fotor | constot Wye hoki Unrdonped fraud “Sra eeee at Scanned with CamScanner Module 4 4 Voltoge ord Readie Pouer Control Trtroduction We nous thot the Cot A frequen han udlakd opt on ehirobd ape depends on te eolance cf veal poet Orotien ord damard Tis colon doer nok eras the volt 9049 Ore mastoined ot the stedutid vols le need ucttow Fnprd ot st orces too. Soto terdinckond the concept A readioe Panik, Conaidin 0 nimple Ae vito some sennuted tc o Load th) vO) | jet Re jose kik v= V,, aincot 4ner | UD Ley tin(t-9) . The tnstotoncoue Ree quik ty pay. vie) ce) = Vn ain cok Um air (cot - 4) 7 Nop Lenin cok a[et-4) ee ‘ Ca+8) 2 Vm Sm frna- o> (awk - ol ors pri peep ig. hash Scanned with CamScanner 2 Moduction and Aocor jption of Raockie Porn Voriorr ements tn a network cuba act oO gqenrat veackivn Porrer. \. Synditonous Gerorotors - They tan aboatte gence reackiue Pow depending on Me uxctetion. hur genwrotors are Cur united, dr Qeneratad emf oo QELedkA thom devminal voltage & the gennchor | cussint injected at the taminal be lage the Haminal valbowge. Dr Quer exited penrakor quotes wenckine Parr + Similouly, on Undsr- excited qeuurator otsioves weodtine Pauth: | => | ee cutted. quando Under suited quuratrr | & Quabvad Lene {aes Sesie ten peclance gq ox Outhsad Lene > arusn by a jb tndudana 04 Line C= Shut caparitorce - | 8, Underground Cotes They trome igh copadtona ont qerote aentius Powe. | he Tromsformers - Aldorp abrorb reaciie peur, Ceca cec ae ac | leade 5. Loads — Aheode wrote Por. | 6. Compensating deuce Tess Gre addled either to gerak Or | osrh veatine fork Scanned with CamScanner Mathods of volkaae Conte S ods of 5 The conkacl of valkage ot at Leds 4 Aare oy control of | weaken Pauser Sow. Gururctiar Cte souioped ute BUG 2g oe Kocksoh endeicds O48 nad reardronk te mghen Te tanto wes! ed { 1. Line Ruactonu Conpersators- Sttits rapaihxs are ead i Q Shunk vente 4 napaiton whith acts 1 anks ont ee readine Qauth i 8. Syndnontis Condinres whi con atk ox Acca Ce Anke of i Ktoskiva Power oR tng bronchenenss te tap chanaing tio~afererune end tecdes | 5 FACTS cuerdrolles and nuctorn pau damien Dependunce of Voltage On Reading Pauw We su tao the voltage wv ndloked 40 the sendin poe Comaidir 0 sor 4upplying a Sood at chown Pig © Ql Fegi) One Line Diagram 1) Phaser Ato. for lagging cumrek peter oqterator lancicy: | ne, Conant, Foon diagram, chs Coravavey «Gey as Vir Oto = TReooq, be = TX org Ace de- ce = ITxcad— Ik coop VPs C+ Reg +IX porallel Lines | ks Sincamanes ritady- kode power dro fe Reduces bronemissien Onrgle for a gqpusn 6 Snernacer super bodily (ime cota, cee Booey ond Correeponding phasor cLiogr -ow % shove capability pot broneha oS MN URN AM rn Scanned with CamScanner | Voltage Contwl Using I “ Tap Changs y re Tap nranging tronajorners provicl o means of veltage control fd changing the turns ratio, Tap ananging & Usually lene en the HV Wending for 490 TLA10n9 \ Sence the current 2 Lown tn HY Lode, the lindo, contac a be omalla. i Normally the Hv winding by Wound ortide the LV Winding. So wo ceer4 40 bering out tre taps: | \ avi brah w F roe eB WwW i Sy, S22 sda Butte Fea. a} Load tap changer \ ptt Ss tone E “Ba er Avs he g R Vssvocumn f ie Autti | g frais wea Get Eq oute aR [Fa shows on olf toad tap changm This mequine dotcom Foy the brorformey th the kop Ines 40 be changed - dae the Freq a sous on-load tap ae dhe inpedone e | Cake Lappe tearkor: QA Budaa ne ptonee | pelted Unik orck dink the Anouk oy cexeutaking shank 2 two ands The Vattum then there to a voltage At|fasne ccneos th) sis Gas on ol cen em eo te | Scanned with CamScanner pot tn the Fo amma sacnersm nnn Booder Vr0nafowre De mes & mag be Necemary voltoge ak Ow tinben nn eciokies pO e ry o Line * WAN pore aT aa is UO dre rain eer nore Than prize volt dene Hroude i eee using top change: fo inusase OF Hemera Live ottun thew eae On aU ented boot ov burk dhe voltoge % dens by engeting a voltage a kromstprmss: equ oho Doalgcoken, © 10~ofora | | Scanned with CamScanner ae a eet be 3. phase Shifting Trardjormess 3 These ave Usd rhin there to Oo need fo controlthe ack Pourr flow th a Line. The acti ond reactive paren flow Quex QA bine ceonnectal bly buats with voltage YW ond Vi Are geen by erence rscrd te 5) ru 8 | | | x i. 4 ce ee | ve ges, i | | Feqi- Sengle phase of phase shitting Lronoformer. Bae We | coo (8) = a} 1 i we bry fo control Ine action poror jew, by ont) 2 Voltage, collapus

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