Computers developed between 1946 – 1959, are the first generation of computers.

They were large and

limited to basic calculations. They consisted of large devices like the vacuum tubes. The input method of
these computers was a machine language known as the 1GL or the first generation language. The
physical methods of using punch cards, paper tape, and magnetic tape were used to enter data into
these computers.

Characteristics of First Generation of Computers:

 Use of vacuum tubes to make circuits

 Use of magnetic drums
 Use of machine language and symbols in instructions
 Very small amount of storage space
 Use of punch cards as I/O devices
 Huge in size and poor in mobility
 Very slow and less reliable output
 Use of high electricity
 Generates too much heats
 Complex and expensive to maintain

Advantages And Disadvantages of First Generation Computer

Advantages

 Made use of vacuum tubes which are the only electronic component available during those
days.
 Use of vacuum tube technology made possible to make an electronic digital computer.
 These computers could calculate in milliseconds.

Disadvantages

 The computers were very larger in size

 They consumed a large amount of energy.
 They heated very soon due to thousands of vacuum tubes.
 They were not very reliable.
 Air conditioning is required.
 Constant maintenance was required.
 Not-portable.
 Costly commercial production.
 Very slow speed.
 Limited programming capabilities.
 Used machine language only.
 Used punch card for input.
 Not versatile and less accurate.