SEPTEMBER 2020

OPIOID EDUCATION IN
HIGHER EDUCATION
ADDICTION WEBINAR SERIES

An Informational Series of
OPIOID MISUSE Presentations By:
Dr. Michael Gawyrsiak
ADDICTION TREATMENT
Dr. Harry Holt
AND RESOURCES Dr. Kenneth Martz
Dr. Kyle Kampman
MINDFULNESS BASED Dr. Ebony White
RELAPSE PREVENTION Dr. Paul Regier
Dr. Corey Roos
 OPIOID EDUCATION
IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Overview
Dr. Harry Holt is working with West Chester University of Pennsylvania graduate students
and partners in West Chester Community to deliver educational presentations and online
content regarding the opioid use disorder. Content regarding the recovery resources and
educational materials for opioid use disorder is being delivered through social media to the
West Chester students, faculty, staff, family members, and surrounding community. He is
partnering with recovery and health promotion specialists to provide educational virtual
sessions to the university community on the Naloxone, safe drug storage, and prescription
drug destruction. Naloxone kits will be distributed to members of the WCU and
surrounding community along with virtual educational sessions on their safe use.

Dr. Michael Gawrysiak has organized an addiction seminar web-based series that provides
a broader education in the field of opioid addiction for the community. He is working with
WCU graduate and undergraduate psychology students to assist in the delivery of an
educational webinar series for the WCU student body and general West Chester community.
These educational webinar series reflect collaborative efforts between Dr. Gawrysiak, his
research team, and experts in the field of addiction. These webinars will be delivered
remotely (i.e. ZOOM) and free to attend following registration (See link below).

Intended Audience: The webinar series is intended for anyone that would like to learn more
about opioid misuse and the consequences that follow. Students, faculty, community
members, medical and mental health care workers are all encouraged to attend to increase
education on Opioid Use Disorder.

Additionally, in partnership with Dr. Corey Roos, Dr. Gawrysiak has developed an
addiction training event for medical and mental health care practitioners working in the
field of addiction recovery. This training event will provide education and guidance on the
delivery of an evidence-based program for addiction recovery, Mindfulness-Based Relapse
Prevention (MBRP).
FACTS ABOUT OPIOID USE DISORDER
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF OPIOID MISUSE (1)
In 2016, the economic cost of opioid use disorders
(OUDs) was $53.77 billion in Pennsylvania
This amount includes opioid-related costs, health
care spending, addiction treatment, costs to the
criminal justice system, and the cost related to lost
productivity related to individuals with an OUD
In 2016, approximately $1.5 billion was spent on
healthcare specifically for individuals with an OUD
In 2016, individuals with OUDs spent more than
$162 million on addiction treatment and more than
$440 million on services related to the criminal
justice system
In 2016, the largest cost regarding opioids in
Pennsylvania was the total cost associated with
opioid-related overdose deaths, which was
approximately 50.5 billion
In 2016, the lost productivity of individuals with an
OUD was more than $1.1 billion
OVERVIEW OF OPIOID MISUSE (2,3)
Opioids are a class of drugs that include illicit drugs
(e.g., heroin), synthetic opioids (e.g., fentanyl), and
prescription pain relievers such as oxycodone (e.g., Prescription Opioids (3)
OxyContin), hydrocodone (e.g., Vicodin), codeine,
and morphine (2)
Opioids bind to and activate opioid receptors on
nerve cells located in the brain, spinal cord, and
other bodily organs, especially those involved in
feelings of pain and pleasure (2)
Although some opioids are generally safe when
taken appropriately and as prescribed by a doctor,
the relief of pain and accompanying feeling of
euphoria can lead to misuse (2)
Prescription misuse is defined as taking the drug in
a different way, or in larger quantities, than
prescribed or taken without a prescription (3)
Consequences and side effects are avoided by taking
opioids appropriately and for short periods of time
(2)
Opioid use, even when used as prescribed by a
doctor, can lead to an addiction (i.e., opioid use
disorder, OUD) (2)
Prolonged use can lead to developing an opioid
dependency (2)
Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institutes of
Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
TYPES OF OPIOIDS
Prescription opioids are a class of drugs naturally
found in the opium poppy plant·
Some prescription opioids are made from the plant
directly, while others are made in labs using the
same chemical structure
Prescription opioids are used as medicines due to
their ability to relax the body and relieve mild to
moderate pain though some can be used to treat
coughing and diarrhea
Common prescription opioids include hydrocodone
(e.g., Vicodin), oxycodone (e.g., OxyContin,
Percocet), oxymorphone (e.g., Opana), morphine
(e.g., Kadian, Avinza), codeine, and fentanyl
FACTS ABOUT OPIOID USE DISORDER
Misuse of prescription opioids occurs when the When ingested, possible effects include extreme
medicines are taken in a way other than prescribed, happiness, drowsiness, nausea, confusion,
taking medicines without a prescription, or taking constipation, sedation, tolerance, addiction,
medicines with the intent of getting high respiratory depression and/or arrest,
Prescription opioids bind to and activate opioid unconsciousness, coma, and death
receptors on nerve cells located in the brain, spinal
cord, and other bodily organs, especially those
involved in feelings of pain and pleasure, and can
strongly reinforce the act of taking the drug,
motivating the user to repeat the experience
Use of prescription opioids results in feelings of
relaxation and happiness, but also drowsiness,
confusion, nausea, constipation, and slowed
breathing
Prescription opioid use, even when used as
prescribed by a doctor, can lead to an OUD, which
takes the form of addiction in severe cases
Prolonged use can lead to developing a prescription
opioid dependence Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institutes of
If a dependence to prescription opioids is developed, Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

withdrawal symptoms are commonly experienced

upon discontinued use and include severe muscle Heroin (5)
and bone pain, sleep disturbances, diarrhea, Heroin is an opioid drug made from morphine,
vomiting, and intense cravings which is a natural substance taken from the seed
pod of various opium poppy plants
Fentanyl (4) Heroin can be a white or brown powder, or a sticky
Fentanyl is a powerful synthetic opioid analgesic black substance known as black tar heroin
that is similar to morphine, but 50 to 100x more Heroin is commonly consumed by snorting,
potent smoking, or intravenous administration
Fentanyl can be prescribed for pain, but also made When ingested, heroin users report feeling a “rush”
illegally for street drug distribution or euphoria
Illegal fentanyl is sometimes mixed with other Other common effects include dry mouth, heavy
drugs, such as cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, feelings in the arms and legs, and clouded mental
and MDMA functioning
Mixing is especially dangerous because of fentanyl’s Long-term effects of heroin use may include
high potency and consumers’ lack of awareness it collapsed veins, infection of the heart lining and
was added valves, abscesses, and lung complications
FACTS ABOUT OPIOID USE DISORDER

Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National
Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 2011-2013.

PREVALENCE RATES OF OPIOID MISUSE

Prescription Opioids
National Rates (6)
In 2018, 9.9 million Americans aged 12 or older
reported misusing prescription opioids in the past
year
In 2018, approximately 1.7 million Americans aged
12 or older had a prescription opioid use disorder
Pennsylvania Rates (7)
Between 2014 and 2017, approximately 487,000 National Rates (9,10)
Pennsylvanians aged 12 or older misused
prescription opioids in the past year
Chester County, PA Rates (8)
During the 2018-19 Fiscal Year, opioids, including
prescription opioids, were most frequently used in
Chester County, PA, with 30.23% of clients
reporting their use upon entering treatment
Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse; National
Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and
Fentanyl Human Services.
In 2017, fentanyl was prescribed a total of 1,776,409
times (9)
In 2017, 56,530 fentanyl reports were submitted by
law enforcement agencies to the National Forensic
Laboratory Information System (NFLIS),
representing nearly three-quarters (73%) of all state
reports of fentanyl, synthetic opioids, and precursor
chemicals to NFLIS that year (10)
FACTS ABOUT OPIOID USE DISORDER

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Provisional drug overdose death counts, 2020.

Pennsylvania Rates (10) OVERDOSE RISK AND RATES

In 2017, Pennsylvania had one of the highest rates Rates Including Any Substance (11)
of fentanyl reports submitted by law enforcement
agencies to the NFLIS
Chester County, PA Rates (8)
During the 2018-19 Fiscal Year, opioids, including
synthetic opioids like fentanyl, were most frequently
used in Chester County, PA, with 30.23% of clients
reporting their use upon entering treatment
Heroin
National Rates (6)
In 2018, an estimated 808,000 Americans aged 12 or
older used heroin in the past year
In 2018, approximately 526,000 Americans aged 12 or
older had a heroin use disorder
Pennsylvania Rates (7)
Between 2014 and 2017, approximately 70,000
Pennsylvanians aged 12 or older reported heroin use
in the past year
Chester County, PA Rates (8)
During the 2018-19 Fiscal Year, opioids, including
heroin, were most frequently used in Chester Pennsylvania Rates (13)
County, PA, with 30.23% of clients reporting their
use upon entering treatment
National Rates
Preliminary data from the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests over 70,000
Americans died of a drug-related overdose in 2019,
with 70,980 cases reported by the end of last
December·
According to CDC estimates, 2019 was the deadliest
recorded year for overdose deaths, a 4.8% increase
from 2018
Such an increase is of concern as 2018
demonstrated the first decrease in drug-related
overdose deaths in years
Pennsylvania Rates
The CDC reported that Pennsylvania saw 4,520
drug-related overdose deaths in 2019, a 0.4%
increase from 2018
Prescription Opioids
National Rates (12)
In 2018, 14,975 drug-related overdose deaths
involved prescription opioids
In 2018, prescription opioids were present in 18% of
drug-related overdose deaths in Pennsylvania
FACTS ABOUT OPIOID USE DISORDER
Chester County, PA Rates (14) Chester County, PA Rates (14)
In 2019, prescription opioids were present in 32.7% In 2019, fentanyl was the most frequently identified
of drug-related overdose deaths in Chester County, substance involved in drug-related overdose deaths in
PA Chester County, PA, present in 78% of cases

Fentanyl Heroin
National Rates (11,12) National Rates (11)
In 2019, more than 36,500 drug-related overdose ·In 2019, 14,000 drug-related overdose deaths
deaths involved fentanyl or fentanyl analogs (11) involved heroin
Fentanyl or fentanyl analogs were the main driver Pennsylvania Rates (13)
of drug-related overdose deaths with a nearly 12-fold In 2018, heroin was the second most frequently
increase from 2012 to 2018 (12) identified substance in drug-related overdose deaths
Pennsylvania Rates (13) in Pennsylvania, present in 35% of cases
In 2018, fentanyl was the most frequently identified Chester County, PA Rates (14)
substance involved in drug-related overdose deaths In 2019, heroin was identified in 19.2% of drug-
in Pennsylvania, present in 70% of cases related overdose deaths in Chester County, PA

The infographic summarizes mortality data from 2010-2016. Please note, 15 to 25

percent of death certificates analyzed did not indicate the type of drug involved in
the overdose. This was because drug tests were not conducted or there was a failure
to record test results on death certificates.

Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse; National

Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services.
 Presentation: Opioid Addiction:
What Does it Mean to Me?

Date & Time: Sept. 2nd 2020 3 P.M.

Course Description: This course is designed

to provide all General Public, Healthcare,
and Human Services Professionals with an
overview of the changing trends in opioid
use disorder in Pennsylvania.
PHOTO BY MARTIN R. SMITH

Kenneth Martz, Psy.D., Director Presentation Description: Pennsylvania has

of Legislative Policy and been facing substantial changes in the rates

Advocay, Evaluation & Training of opioid use disorder and related deaths in

for Gaudenzia Foundation recent years. This session will examine the

Biographical Statement: Kenneth J. Martz, relationship between substance use disorder

Psy.D. is a licensed psychologist and and recent changes, such as increasing

Director of Research, Evaluation and overdose deaths. For most individuals, there

Training for Gaudenzia Inc. He has worked are opportunities to intervene early if we

in treatment and management of special know the signs and what to do. We will also

populations, including criminal justice consider steps to take to help change this

clients in community corrections and in trend.

prison settings, for the past 20 years. Dr.

Martz has also worked in a variety of Learning Goals Include:· Participants will

settings, including outpatient, residential be able to identify current trends in

and therapeutic communities providing substance use disorder. Participants will be

treatment of addictions, including gambling. able to identify relationship between

He was formerly the Special Assistant to the prescription drug use and overdose deaths.

Secretary for the Department of Drug and Participants will achieve understanding

Alcohol Programs in the Commonwealth of steps to prevent overdose and reduce the

Pennsylvania. spread of addiction.

REGISTRATION LINK:
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 in 1985. He interned at the National Naval
Medical Center in Bethesda Maryland and
served as a medical officer in the United States
Navy from 1985-1990. Kampman worked as a
Psychiatry resident at the University of
Pennsylvania from 1990-1993 and completed a
fellowship in Addiction Psychiatry. In 1994 he
became an assistant professor in the
Department of Psychiatry, later becoming an
associate professor in 2003 and professor in
2012. Kampman has NIH-funded experience
Kyle Kampman, M.D., Professor with clinical research in medications for
of Psychiatry, Perelman School
PHOTO BY MARTIN R. SMITH
cocaine, alcohol, and OUD, having conducted
of Medicine, Center for Studies many clinical trials in his career. He has been
of Addiction a site Principal Investigator on several trials of
buprenorphine for the treatment of OUD,
Presentation: Updates on the
including trials that resulted in the approval of
Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder
implantable and injectable buprenorphine
(Probuphine and Sublocade). He chaired the
Date & Time: Sept. 9th 2020 3 P.M.
committee that produced the ASAM National
Presentation Description: This talk is intended Practice Guideline for the Use of Medications
to review recent advances in the treatment of in the Treatment of Addiction Involving Opioid
Opioid Use Disorder. It willhighlight Use. He has experience as a provider of all
medications used to treat OUD with an forms of medication assisted treatment.
emphasis on new treatment modalities
Currently, he is a suboxone provider at the
including injectable and implantable
Corporal Michael J. Crecenz Veteran Affairs
buprenorphine products. Also included will be a
Medical Center (CMJCVAMC) and participated
discussion of how the availability of fentanyl
has complicated the treatment of OUD. in office-based buprenorphine and extended
release injectable naltrexone treatment at the
Biographical Statement: Dr. Kyle Kampman Charles O’Brien Center for the Treatment of
graduated from Northwestern University in Addiction for seven years. He worked for over
1981 and Tulane University School of Medicine 10 years in an opiate treatment program at the
CMJCVAMC.

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 Presentation: Examining the
Intersection of Race and Class: How
Opioid Addiction became an
Epidemic

Date & Time: Sept. 16th, 2020, 3 P.M.

Biographical Statement: Ebony White, PhD

has worked in community mental health for
over 17 years with incarcerated women and
PHOTO BY MARTIN R. SMITH
men, homeless adults, clients with severe and
persistent mental illness, clients with dual
EBONY WHITE, PhD, LPC, diagnoses, and adolescents with cognitive
NCC, ACS, Assistant Clinical and behavioral concerns. Her advocacy and
Professor clinical work is currently centered on mental
health in urban communities. In addition,
Presentation Description: This presentation
she conducts multicultural and mental health
will address the contextual factors that
training for teachers, clergy, law
impact governmental and treatment
enforcement, and professional
responses to addiction. Using Crenshaw’s
organizations.White teaches courses in
Theory of Intersectionality, race and class
cognitive behavioral counseling, group
distinctions will be highlighted to examine
counseling, substance use counseling, and
the opioid epidemic in relationship to the
case management. Her research agenda is
crack epidemic of the 1980’s. Furthermore,
advocacy and social justice within the
implications for mental health researchers,
African American community with specific
educators and practitioners will be presented.
attention to the experiences of African
American women and girls raised by women.
She also conducts research on multicultural
issues in transracial adoption.

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 Presentation: Cue-reactivity as a
Vulnerability to Addiction and
Relapse

Date & Time: Sept. 23rd 2020 3 P.M.

Presentation Description: Initial drug use is

primarily motivated and reinforced by the
positive effects of the drug. However, as
drug use continues, stimuli (e.g., people,
places, things) associated with the drug
PHOTO BY MARTIN R. SMITH
motivate drug-seeking behaviors.

Paul Regier, Ph.D. Postdoctoral Neuroimaging tools can help to identify

individuals who demonstrate heightened cue-
Resident within the Center for
reactivity and may represent a population
Studies of Addiction, Perelman
vulnerable to increased relapse and overall
School of Medicine
drug use. Studies have shown that early life
Biographical Statement: Paul S. Regier, PhD
stress (e.g., childhood maltreatment)
is a postdoctoral fellow at the University of
modulates reward and motivation circuits in
Pennsylvania. He earned his doctorate at the
the brain, suggesting that individuals with
University of Minnesota. During graduate
chronic early-life stress may be at increased
school, Dr. Regier studied addiction and
risk for addiction and relapse. Recent
decision-making systems using preclinical
research findings, highlighting neural
models. In 2015, he joined Dr. Anna Rose
reactivity to drug-cues among patients with
Childress’ lab to study the underlying neural
opioid-use (and other drug-use) disorders,
correlates of addiction in humans, in order
will be discussed.
to leverage this information and help develop
better treatment. Paul’s main focus is
heterogeneity at the level of brain and
behavior and how these differences may
require personalized treatment approaches.

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Day-long clinical training workshop in Mindfulness-Based
Relapse Prevention – Rolling Admission (MBRP-RA)
relapse prevention skills training in tandem
with training in mindfulness meditation.
MBRP Goals entail:
1. Developing awareness of personal
triggers and habitual reactions.
2. Learning techniques to pause in the
midst of counterproductive reactions.
3. Changing one’s relationship to

PHOTO BY MARTIN R. SMITH

discomfort by learning to recognize
challenging emotional and physical
experiences and how to respond to them
Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention
in skillful ways.
(MBRP): MBRP (Bowen, Chawla and Marlatt,
4. Fostering a nonjudgmental,
2010) was developed at the Addictive
compassionate approach toward
Behaviors Research Center at the University
ourselves and our experiences.
of Washington. This program was designed
5. Building a lifestyle that supports both
to cultivate mindfulness and effective coping
mindfulness practice and recovery.
skills for individuals struggling with
Research Supporting MBRP: A growing
recovery from addiction. The MBRP program
body of empirical research has established
aims to foster increased awareness of
the efficacy of MBRP. In a large randomized
triggers for drug-use, destructive habitual
trial, participants assessed 12-months after
patterns, and automatic reactions that drive
MBRP completion evidenced significantly
drug-use behaviors. The MBRP practices
reduced drug-use relapse risk and reduced
were developed to help individuals more
heavy drinking compared to participants
adaptively respond to (rather than
completing standard relapse-prevention
reflexively react) challenges in a manner
programming (Bowen et al., 2014). Recent
that prevents risk for drug-use relapse and
reviews and meta-analyses support the
promotes healthy lifestyle choices. MBRP
effectiveness of mindfulness-based
was developed as an aftercare program,
interventions, including MBRP, as a viable
delivered in a group-therapy format (1x per
treatment option for substance use disorders
week across 8 consecutive weeks) and
(Bautista et al., 2019; Sancho et al., 2018).
combines principles of cognitive-behavioral
 Day-long clinical training workshop in Mindfulness-
Based Relapse Prevention – Rolling Admission (MBRP-RA)
DATE & TIME: FRIDAY SEPT 25, 9AM-4PM MBRP-RA Workshop Learning Objectives:
This workshop is intended to: Summarize basic
Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention – concepts of mindfulness and mindfulness
Rolling Admission (MBRP-RA): Recent meditations. Observe and participate in
modifications to MBRP have enabled easier demonstrations of mindfulness meditation
program enrollment through a rolling- exercises. Understand the utility of MBRP-RA
admission format. The MBRP-RA program for substance use disorders. Gain familiarity
(Roos et al., 2019) retains the essential with MBRP-RA implementation and
components of the MBRP curriculum, but has facilitation.
the added benefit of enabling participants to
enroll at any time in the 8-session curriculum. Intended Audience: This workshop is intended
The MBRP-RA format entails 8-sessions for medical and mental healthcare practitioners
delivered 2x per week, of 1.5-hour group- working in the field of addiction recovery.
delivered mindfulness training for individuals
in addiction recovery. The MBRP-RA program General Enrollment Fees: The fee for
has demonstrated feasibility and acceptability enrollment into this MBRP-RA workshop is
as reflected in participants’ high engagement in $75, Graduate students' fee is waived (Please
mindfulness practice and high satisfaction contact for code waiver). Payment includes
ratings. Reported benefits from participation in access to the full-day training (9:00AM –
the MBRP-RA program include reduced drug- 4:00PM, EST), and access to MBRP-RA
craving and improved mental health, self- treatment resources. 6 continuing education
efficacy, mindfulness, and self-compassion credits will be awarded following the full-
(Roos et al., 2019) participation and conclusion of the event.

REGISTRATION LINK: cmhs.ticketleap.com/addiction-webinar/

 MBRP-RA Training Instructors

PHOTO BY MARTIN R. SMITH

Corey Roos, Ph.D., Assistant Michael Gawrysiak, Ph.D.,

Professor at Yale University Assistant Professor at West
School of Medicine Chester University
Corey Roos, Ph.D. is Assistant Professor in the Michael Gawrysiak, Ph.D. is a licensed clinical
department of Psychology at Yale University psychologist and assistant professor of
School of Medicine, as well as a licensed clinical psychology at West Chester University of
psychologist. His research aims to improve the Pennsylvania. He has completed formalized
accessibility, effectiveness, and efficiency of trainings in MBRP, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive
treatments for psychiatric disorders, particularly Therapy, and Mindfulness-Based Stress
substance use disorders (SUD). He has expertise Reduction. He has experience implementing
in the science and practice of mindfulness-based mindfulness programming for Veterans struggling
interventions, including the aftercare intervention with posttraumatic stress disorder and
for SUD called Mindfulness-Based Relapse mindfulness programming for after issues (e.g.
Prevention (MBRP). He is currently working on stress-management, depression, and substance
developing a self-guided, multi-media web-based use disorder). Currently, he provides MBRP-RA at
version of MBRP, as part of a K23 grant funded Gaudenzia, Inc. for individuals struggling with
by the National Center for Complementary and opioid addiction and is a teacher within the Penn-
Integrative Health. Medicine Penn Program for Mindfulness.
 RECOVERY RESOURCES
Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder: There are a variety of treatments for those
suffering from opioid addiction. However, research suggests that it is most
effective and beneficial when individuals use a combination of these treatments.
Treatment plans will vary among individuals in order to provide what is most
appropriate for them and their needs. Below are some of the different treatments
for opioid addiction.

Inpatient, residential, or hospital-based treatments: These treatments are more

intensive and are the most effective for those experiencing chronic, severe
problems. Facilities running inpatient services offer intensive, structured care,
housing, and medical care. (2)

Therapeutic communities: Staff and patients work together to change an

individuals “attitudes, understanding, and behaviors associated with drug use”
in a community setting, surrounding a patient with support and demonstrating
that the patient is not alone. (2)
Short-term residential treatment: The primary focus is detoxification (detox)
with initial, intensive counseling, and assistance to transition into a
community-based residential treatment. (3)
Recovery/halfway housing: This is the next step up from a therapeutic
community and is meant to create an easier transition from leaving a
structured, dependent setting into an independent one. Here the focus it to build
on life skills, such as finances and employment, while continuing addiction
treatment. (3)

Non-medication treatments: These treatments are offered both in inpatient and

outpatient settings. Non-medication treatments consist of different therapies and
support that have shown to be effective when combating opioid addiction. Different
individuals may respond differently between different therapies depending on their
case and their needs. A combination of these therapies or combining a therapy with
a medical treatment has been demonstrated to be the most effective.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT focuses on learning and becoming

aware of one’s negative thoughts, and then reconstructing these thoughts to
more positive ones in order to help change behavior. (2)
Motivational Interviewing (MI): The individual’s motivation level is used to
work towards implementing change in their behavior. (2)
Group therapy: The purpose is to provide support and connection between
individuals with similar experiences, and to help reduce the feelings of shame
associated with addiction. (1)
 RECOVERY RESOURCES
Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Continued

12-step programs: Instead of a professional facilitating the group, participants are

who run these programs. These programs help to create a supportive, safe
environment in which participants can build connections with others and help
reduce feelings of shame. There is no charge for attending an NA meeting. (1)
Contingency Management: Positive reinforcement is the primary tool in order to
encourage abstinence from drug use. (2)

Medication Treatments: The type of medication administered is determined

depending on the case and the individual’s needs, and this form of treatment is
typically provided with a non-medication treatment.

Methadone: Methadone is used to treat opioid dependence or addiction. It helps

to prevent opioid withdrawal symptoms, blocks the effect of being “high”, and
decreases opioid cravings. Methadone is taken once a day, beginning with daily
visits to an Opioid Treatment Program, and later receiving doses to take at
home. (1)·
Buprenorphine: Just like methadone, it can help prevent opioid withdrawal
symptoms, blocks the effects of being “high”, and decrease the craving to use
opioids. It is usually taken once a day, but the frequency to take the medication
can be less for some patients. The difference from methadone is that
buprenorphine is taken with naloxone, which is a drug used to treat an opioid
overdose and to help reduce the likelihood of misusing buprenorphine. (1)·
Naltrexone (oral/injectable): Naltrexone blocks the intoxicating effects of
opioids, but unlike methadone and buprenorphine, it is not a painkiller. The
oral form can be taken once a day or up to three times a week, while the
injectable form is administered once per month. A person MUST be completely
withdrawn from opioids before taking naltrexone, otherwise it can precipitate
opioid withdrawal syndrome. (1)

Information provided by:

(1) Johns Hopkins Center for Substance Abuse Treatment and Research
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/substance_abuse_center/treatment/interventions.
html

(2) The National Institute on Drug Abuse

https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/treatment-approaches-drug-
addiction

(3) The Department of Drug and Alcohol Services of Chester County, PA

https://chesco.org/2701/Treatment
 RECOVERY RESOURCES
Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Resources in Chester County
Berwyn Malvern
Malvern Institute (Outpatient Programs) Center for Families (Services for Teens)101
1161 E. Lancaster Ave., Berwyn, PA 19312 Phoenixville Pike, Malvern, PA 19355
610-647-0330 610-839-0862
www.malverntreatment.com/brewyn- www.centerforfamilies.com/Malvern
pa/outpatient-treatment/ Institute940 W. King Rd., Malvern, PA
Coatesville 19355610-647-0330 x1136
Coatesville Comprehensive Treatment Center www.malverntreatment.com/malvern-pa/
1825 E. Lincoln Hwy., Coatesville, PA 19320 Paoli
610-466-9250 Seabrook Paoli
www.sepennctc.com/location/coatesville/ 17 Industrial Blvd., Suite 204-B, Paoli, PA
19301
Gaudenzia Inc. 610-200-5985 www.seabrook.org/paoli/
31 S. 10th Ave., Suite 6, Coatesville, PA 19320 Phoenixville
610-383-9600 x2332 Creative Health Services
www.gaudenzia.org 100 First Ave., Phoenixville, PA 19460
610-933-1223
Samara House CYWA www.creativehs.org
423 E. Lincoln Hwy., Coatesville, PA 19320
610-384-9591 x16 Pennsylvania Recovery Center
Devon 710 Wheatland St., Suite 102, Phoenixville, PA
Recovery Centers of America at Devon 19460
235 W. Lancaster Ave., Devon, PA 19333 610-233-4342
484-654-9900 pennsylvaniarecoverycenter.org/
recoverycentersofamerica.com/locations/devon West Chester, PA
Exton Gaudenzia Inc. (Outpatient)
Mirmont Outpatient Center 110 Westtown Rd. Suite 115, West Chester, PA
825 Springdale Dr., Exton, PA 19341 19382
484-565-1133 610-429-1414
www.mainlinehealth.org/locations/mirmont- www.gaudenzia.org
outpatient-center-exton
Pathway Counseling Services
Rehab After Work Exton 811 West Chester Pike, West Chester, PA 19382
491 John Young Way, Suite 300, Exton, PA 610-269-8396
19341 pathwaycounselingserv.com/
610-644-6464
rehabafterwork.pyramidhealthcarepa.com/locat Sanare Today LLC
ions/pennsylvania/exton/ 917 Old Fern Hill Rd. Suite 100, West Chester,
Kennett Square PA 19380
Bowling Green Brandywine1385 Newark Rd., 610-344-9600
Kennett Sq., PA 19348 sanaretoday.com/
610-268-3588 www.bowlinggreenbrandywine.com
Gaudenzia Inc. Kindred House
Holcomb Associates Inc. 1030 S. Concord Rd., West Chester, PA 19382
920 E. Baltimore Pike, Kennett Square, PA 19348 610-399-6571
610-388-7400 www.chimes.org/about/chimes-
family/holcomb-behavioral-health-systems/ Behavioral Wellness and Recovery
1301 Wrights Lane East, Suite 103, West
Chester, PA 19382
484-443-4424
 RECOVERY RESOURCES
Chester County Other Resources Find a Drug Take-Back Location
www.ddap.pa.gov/Get%20Help%20Now/Pages/Fi
Support: nd-a-Drug-Take-Back-Location.aspx·
Clean Acres Area of Narcotics Anonymous
Chester County NA Meetings & Zoom Links Prescription Drug Take-Back Program
www.cleanacresna.org/meeting-list/· www.ddap.pa.gov/Prevention/Pages/Drug_Take
_Back.aspx
Center for Families (Parent Support/Education)
101 Phoenixville Pike, Malvern, PA 19355 Education:
610-839-0862 Overdose Response
www.centerforfamilies.com/· www.ddap.pa.gov/overdose/Pages/Overdose.asp
x
Kacies’s Cause (Education & Support Groups)
Support Group Locations: Kennett Square,
National Drug & Alcohol Resources
Parkesburg, and Chadds Ford
Support/Resources:
www.kaciescause.org/
Celebrate Recovery (Christ-Centered 12 Step
https://www.kaciescause.org/services
Program)
www.celebraterecovery.com/index.php
Educational:
Chester County Drug & Alcohol Services
Nar-Anon Family Groups
https://www.chesco.org/216/Drug-and-Alcohol
www.nar-anon.org/
· Overdose Prevention Task Force Chester
Partnership to End Addiction Helpline
County stopodchesco.org/get-treatment
drugfree.org/article/get-one-on-one-
help/#About%20our%20helpline

SAMHSA National Helpline

PA Drug Resources 1-800-662-4357
www.samhsa.gov/
Department of Drug & Alcohol Programs
(www.chesco.org/216/Drug-and-Alcohol) SMART Recovery Local Meetings Finder
www.smartrecoverytest.org/local/·
Resources:
County Drug and Alcohol Offices The Support Group Project
www.ddap.pa.gov/Get%20Help%20Now/Pages/Co supportgroupproject.org/
unty-Drug-and-Alcohol-Offices.aspx·

Drug and Alcohol Referral Tool (DART)1-800-

662-4357 (HELP)
expressforms.pa.gov/apps/pa/DDAP/DART·
OPIOID EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Principal Investigators
Harry D. Holt, PhD, JD, MBA, Assistant
Professor, Department of Health,
College of Health Sciences
Professor Holt’s background in the health care
industry started with working with the Cleveland
Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio. He gained expertise in the
physician practice management, marketing, and
operational functions of satellite family health
centers that delivered care to Clinic patients. With
the health care consulting firms Ernst and Young
and Cap Gemini Ernst and Young, he worked with
hospitals throughout the United States in improving
their operations and their efficiency. He worked
with physicians, hospitals, and health insurance
companies to find ways to improve the quality of
care delivered to patients while also enabling
hospitals to operate efficiently and generate
sufficient revenue and profits to be financially
healthy. His current research focuses on the opioid
crisis and the best practices in delivering medication
assisted treatment to patients, access and barriers to
treatment, and the associated sources of stigma. He
is also studying the impact of the opioid crisis on the
caseload and capacity for coroners and medical
examiners throughout Pennsylvania.
Michael J. Gawrysiak, PhD, Assistant
Professor, Department of Psychology
Dr. Gawrysiak is a licensed clinical psychologist with
clinical and research interests organized around
behavioral interventions for traumatic stress, and
substance use disorders (SUD). He completed his
postdoctoral fellowship at the Philadelphia VA
Medical Center and the Addiction Treatment Research
Center at University of Pennsylvania, where he
worked using neuroimaging techniques to identify
brain biomarkers related to SUDs. He has extensive
experience implementing mindfulness-based
interventions (MBI) to address psychiatric after issues
(e.g. depression, posttraumatic stress, and SUDs). His
research focuses on MBIs and understanding brain
and behavioral features of posttraumatic stress and
SUDs. Currently, he is engaged in studies examining
(1) traditional Tibetan Buddhist contemplative
meditation practices and (2) Mindfulness-Based
Relapse Prevention program for patients in recovery
from opioid addiction. The aim of his clinical and
research activities are to understand how meditation
practices and MBIs can be used to reduce suffering
and promote well-being in the broadest possible sense.
STUDENT ASSISTANTS
ZACHARY GETZ
Zachary is a first-year Psy.D. student at West Chester University (WCU). In
2015, he received his Bachelor of Science in Psychology at East Stroudsburg
University and earned his Master of Arts in General Psychology from WCU
in 2020. Zachary works with Dr. Michael Gawrysiak, Ph.D. as a graduate
research assistant in the BRAIN-MAP Lab at WCU. His research and
clinical interests are primarily concentrated on addiction, trauma,
mindfulness, and mindfulness-based-interventions.

HORTENCIA CORREA
Hortencia is a 2nd year Psy.D student at West Chester University. During
her undergraduate career, she was a research assistant at the Mid-Atlantic
Research Technical Institute of Community and Behavioral Health, working
with Dr. Victor Garcia in his research focusing on substance abuse among
Latino (im)migrants. She also conducted research under the McNair Scholars
Program and the Psychology Honors Program with the mentorship of Dr.
Maureen McHugh. Hortencia is currently a graduate assistant in Dr. Michael
Gawrysiak’s BRAIN-MAP Lab and a student clinician under WCU’s Psy.D
clinic.

MCKENZIE MANGAN
McKenzie gradutated from West Chester University in 2020 and received her
bachelor's degree in Psychology. She is currently working towards applying
to graduate school to pursue a higher degree. During her undergraduate, she
was enrolled in Dr. Gawrysiak's research lab studying trauma, addiction and
mindfulness. Her clinical and research interests include substance abuse
and trauma.

KENA PATEL
Kena is currently completing the Master of Public Health program in the
Community Health Track at West Chester University. Kena completed her
bachelor’s in Dentistry from India in 2018 and started the Master of Public
Health program at West Chester University in 2019. She gained experiences
in public health field by attending seminars and working with colleagues and
professors of the university. Kena is a Certified Mental Health First Aider at
the University. She looks forward to continuing to develop skills and
knowledge in public health and apply these experiences and achievements
for the betterment of the community.

SHIVANI NAIK
Shivani is currently completing the Master of Public Health program in the
Community Health Track at West Chester University. She previously
completed a Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS). She is a Graduate assistant
in the University College as a Success Coach and planning to work on
additional research projects at the university. Shivani is also a Certified
Mental Health First Aider.
 References Opioid Facts
1.Drug Enforcement Administration Philadelphia 8. Chester County Department of Drug and Alcohol
Division & The University of Pittsburgh. (2018, Services. (2019). Annual Report FY 2018/19.
September). The Opioid Threat in Pennsylvania. https://www.chesco.org/DocumentCenter/View/5327
https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2018- 3/Annual-Report-FY-18-19
10/PA%20Opioid%20Report%20Final%20FINAL.pdf 9. Kane, S.P. (2020, June 29). Fentanyl: Drug Usage
2. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (n.d.). Opioids. Statistics, United States, 2007 - 2017.
https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/opioids ClinCalc. https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Fenta
3. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020, June 18). nyl
Prescription Opioids DrugFacts. 10. Drug Enforcement Administration. (2019,
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/pre December). 2019 National Drug Threat Assessment.
PHOTO BY MARTIN R. SMITH
scription-opioids https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-01/2019-
4. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020, June 16). NDTA-final-01-14-2020_Low_Web-DIR-007-
Fentanyl DrugFacts. 20_2019.pdf
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/fen 11. Ahmad, F.B., Rossen, L.M., Sutton, P. (2020)
tanyl Provisional drug overdose death counts. Centers for
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Heroin DrugFacts. Health Statistics.
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oin data.htm
6. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services 12. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020, March
Administration. (2019). Key substance use and mental 10). Trends & Statistics: Overdose Death Rates.
health indicators in the United States: Results from https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/trends-
the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. statistics/overdose-death-rates
https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/cbhsq 13. Drug Enforcement Administration Philadelphia
reports/NSDUHNationalFindingsReport2018/NSDUH Division. (2019, September). Drug-Related Overdose
NationalFindingsReport2018.pdf Deaths in Pennsylvania, 2018.
7. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services https://www.overdosefreepa.pitt.edu/wp-
Administration. Behavioral Health Barometer: content/uploads/2019/10/Drug-Related-Overdose-
Pennsylvania, Volume 5: Indicators as measured Deaths-in-Pennsylvania-2018.pdf
through the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and 14. Office of the Coroner County of Chester. (2020,
Health and the National Survey of Substance Abuse April 21). 2019 Annual Report.
Treatment Services. https://chesco.org/DocumentCenter/View/55008/2019
https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/cbhsq -Annual-Report-for-Chester-County-Coroner-Offfice
-reports/Pennsylvania-BH-BarometerVolume5.pdf
References MBRP
Bautista, T., James, D., & Amaro, H. (2019). Acceptability of mindfulness-based
interventions for substance use disorder: A systematic review. Complementary Therapies
in Clinical Practice, 35, 201-207.·
Bowen, S., Chawla, N., & Marlatt, G. A. (2010). Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for
substance use disorders: A clinician's guide. New York, NY: Guilford.·
Bowen, S., Witkiewitz, K., Clifasefi, S. L., Grow, J., Chawla, N., Hsu, S. H., ... & Larimer,
M. E. (2014). Relative efficacy of mindfulness-based relapse prevention, standard relapse
prevention, and treatment as usual for substance use disorders: a randomized clinical
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Roos, C. R., Kirouac, M., Stein, E., Wilson, A. D., Bowen, S., & Witkiewitz, K. (2019). An
open trial of rolling admission mindfulness-based relapse prevention (rolling MBRP):
Feasibility, acceptability, dose-response relations, and mechanisms. Mindfulness, 10(6),
1062-1073.·
Sancho, M., De Gracia, M., Rodriguez, R. C., Mallorquí-Bagué, N., Sánchez-González, J.,
Trujols, J., ... & Menchón, J. M. (2018). Mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment
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