How to calculate height in surveying with angle and

distance
The following formulas are used for calculation purpose:-
Sinθ = P/H (P stands for perpendicular and h stands for hypotenuse)
Cosθ = B/H (B stands for base)
Tanθ = P/B
It should be remembered that the opposite of the angle (in a triangle) is always perpendicular.
Here, the value of θ is taken as 45 degree and the value of base is taken as 10 meter
Now, Tanθ = P/B
Now, after putting the values, we get the following result:-
tan450 = P/B = P/10
As we know the value of tan450 = 1
So, 1 = P/10 or P = 10
So, P = 10m
Now, Sinθ = P/H
After putting the value, we get the following result:-
Sin450 = 10/H (as height is taken as 10m)
So, 0.707 = 10/H or H = 10/0.707 = 14.14m (value of Sin45 0 = 0.707)
Now, Cosθ = B/H
So, Cos450 = 10/H (as the value of base = 10)
So, 0.707 = 10/H or H = 10/0.707 = 14.14m

Different Types of Scales In Engineering Surveying

This construction article provides detailed discussions on various types of scales which mostly
recognized in Surveying.
The scales are categorized as follow:
1.Plain Scale
2.Diagonal Scale
3.Vernier Scale
4.Scale of chords
Plain Scale
With Plain Scale, it becomes easier to measure two dimensions only. As for instance,
measurements like units and lengths, metres and decimetres etc.
There are six dissimilar plain scales in metric which are ideal for engineers, Architects and
Surveyors.

Diagonal Scale
By applying diagonal scale, it becomes simpler to calculate three dimensions like metres, decimetres
and centimetres, units , tens and hundreds; yards, feet and inches etc.
A short length is segregated into number of parts by applying the standard of similar triangle under
which sides are symmetrical.
1-1 denotes 1/10 PQ
2-2 denotes 2/10 PQ
9-9 denotes 9/10 PQ
Vernier Scale
This device is mostly applied for estimating the fractional part of one of the minimal divisions
concerning a graduated scale.
It generally comprises of a small auxiliary scale which slides alongside of the main scale.
Minimum count of the vernier = the variance among smallest division on the main division and
smallest division on the vernier scale.
Scale of Chords
Scale of chords is very useful to calculate an angle and is pointed on either on rectangular protractor
or an ordinary box wood scale.