SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE ,

DELHI
Educational institutions are indicators of the direction in which a
culture intends ta be headed in . Built in anticipation of market trends :
they represent the value that a community attaches to learning.
Education as a process. can be effective only if constantly evolves with
SPA Delhi the society and mirrors its aspirations. This fact is of vital significance in
India, which is fast catching up with the world as technological
advancement is revolutionizing the content and process of its education.
The challenge for educational facilities is to keep up with this evolution.
In an inter-connected and multi-ethnic environment like that of India.
the challenge extends beyond technological integration/ up gradation
of the education system into addressing the innate contradictions
that arise within
ESSENCE OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION
 Observation being the key generator of creative action, architectural education must unfold the
inherent beauty of this phenomenon. To start with, it must help self observation and discovery
of the individual which when extended must be able to understand the society in all its hues.
 Architectural education must facilitate the understanding of time and space of an individual.
 Architectural education must recognize the self as an ultimate design expression- functionally,
structurally and formally amongst other innumerable design expressions that exist in nature, all
held together so very tenaciously in
 an intricate balance.
 Architectural education must equip individuals to see and dissect the common energy sources
and vocabularies of different, worked on manmade classical forms of expression like poetry,
music, dance and of course architecture. An understanding of integration of all human
expressions results from this.
 Architectural education must take into account that it is a human endeavor concerned with the
physical, social, and mental well- being of students as well as their intellectual growth.
 Six points that articulate a general plan for architectural education are:-
• Creative thoughts.
• Clear thinking.
• Natural ability and learned Skills.
• The issues before society.
• Data collection.
• The careful establishment.
HISTORY
It was Walter George who chose to stay back when the
British left India. During those days there were hardly any
architects in the city. There were only two schools in India
for training architects, and these were located in Bombay
and Baroda. Walter George and his colleagues thus began
the work of establishing the first institution in Delhi for
imparting training to students of architecture. It was in
1942 that the Department of Architecture came into
existence as a part of the Delhi Polytechnic at Kashmiri
Gate in northern Delhi. While W.W. Wood became the first
Principal of the newly established Delhi Polytechnic,
Mr.Mirza became the first Head of the Department of
Architecture . The first batch of students received their
national diplomas in Architecture in 1950.
PRESENT STATUS
Today SPA, New Delhi is a premier central university
imparting education in planning, architecture, and
design. In the 1980s the School set up state-of-theart
Centres for Advanced Studies attached to each depart-
ment of studies. Another important initiative was taken to
start doctoral programmes , which have produced a
significant number of scholars in the last two decades . It
was also during 1980s that the construction of a
residential campus at Taimoor Nagar, New Friends Colony
commenced. It provided additional accommodation for
students as well as housing for the faculty and staff. The
construct ion of new campus for the School at Vasant Kunj
in South Delhi is under way.
At present,S.P.A. operates from three locations. The
planning dept. and the architecture dept. are housed in
different buildings in different plots. There are 11 distinct
departments presently and all of them are flourishing
units in themselves possessing a wealth of knowledge and
resources. They are supervised and run by the best and
most experienced faculty of the country. But physical
segregation of the institution means that there is very
little interaction between the students and faculty of the
various departments. The resource of the institute can not
be utilized fully. In the planning building itself , the
location of the studios and the faculty areas is such that
one does not get to know about other studios on their
way.Hence,inter-department interaction is minimal.

Aim and Objectives

 Consolidation and strengthening of the program emphasizing on areas of concern.
 Identifying areas of thrust and satisfying them with design
 Improving the quality and standards of education
 Providing best suitable environment for nurturing growth of thoughts
 Providing a landmark institute for reference
 Articulation of spaces and buildings/built environment
 Providing an interactive environment
 Try to achieve green building standards
 Creating an intelligent built and outdoor environment
 Provide space for modern technology equipped workshops

SITE BYELAWS
The site comes under institutional area-educational zone of Vasant Kunj and is
governed by MPD-bye laws 2021. The zone under which the site is located is the
Zone -F of Delhi. The site falls under the jurisdiction of Municipal Corporation of Delhi
and MCD-bye laws are binding on the project. Environmental clearance is
mandatory as the proposed site falls at the edge of south central ridge. Apart from
regulations, there are height restrictions as the proposed site lies in the flight path of
Delhi International Airport.
The Development Controls applicable for the site(educational facilities-higher
education)are as follows:
• Maximum Ground Coverage= 35%
• Maximum F.A .R. = 150
• Maximum Height =17m
Maximum height permitted for the site due to close proximity to the airport is l7m
calculated the highest point on the site.
Upto 15% of max. FAR can be utilized for residential use of staff and student
accommodation . Parking standard @ 1.33 ECS/ 100 sq. m. of floor area.
 SITE ANALYSIS
SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE , VASANT KUNJ , DELHI
Site LOCATION
 The site is located close to
The S.P.A. Campus being located 4.5 kms from the Yellow Line Transit station and 45m wide Nelson Mandela
1.0 km from the Bus Rapid Transit Line , an alternate bus shuttle service is Road and connected via
SPA Delhi proposed for catering to the different institutions and campuses around the site service road.
including S.P.A. itself . The New S.P.A. Campus is strategically located between a  It has near proximity to JNU,
variety of different land uses; an existing institutional and campus area along with the south campus DU ,TERI
Bio-Diversity Park to its north , Grand Hotel and Vasant Kunj Malls to its east and University , IIT , Airport ,etc.
Vasant Kunj DOA Housing along its southern edge.This provides an unique opportunity  The nearest metro station is
for the Campus to adopt an environmental approach and bind together a strong the Chatarpur Metro Station
identity for the Vasant Kunj South Campus area providing better connections to the (yellow line) within 2km
surrounding neighborhood. from the site.
 8 lane Nelson Mandela road
links the site to outer ring
road and Mahipalpur
Mehrauli road.
 Site is 17km from existing
ITO campus and 10 to 15km
from Connaught place ,2km
from NH-8 ,New Delhi
railway station and 5-7km
from Airport.

HUMIDITY
Humidity is low in dry periods at 20 to 55% with vapour
pressure 1300 to 1600N/sq.m During wet periods it rises
to 55 to 95% with vapour pressure 2000 to 2500 N/sq.m
High humidity causes discomfort thus adequate ventilation
is required.

SITE

SITE

WIND DIRECTION
The wind direction changes with seasons in composite kind
of climate . Winds are such :
SW in summer , SE in monsoon and NE in winter.

PROFILE POWER SUPPLY

chasm approximately 180m long
having an average width of 40m
and depth of 8m-1Om
CONTOUR MAP
TOPOGRAPHY
The terrain is rocky and loose with quartzite
rocks. Swales and valleys within the
landscape lead to formation of water
channels and collection pools. Rocky
substrata promotes storage and retention of
water.
The site is an irregular shaped with two
faces of 340m & 208m While the rest is an
irregular curve joining the two points. .
The lowest point of the site is at +251m
above MSL whereas the highest point is at
+266m. The main dominant level is
+265.5m.
SKY CONDITIONS
It is markably varies with seasons.
Heavily overcast and dull in monsoon
and clear with a dark blue sky in dry
season. Towards the end of hot and dry
season the sky becomes brighter with
frequent dust haze
SEISMICITY
Delhi lies in Zone IV and is thus extremely
vulnerable to earthquakes . Generally
earthquakes here are of 5-6 magnitude
with occasional 6-8 magnitude.
The 11kv electric lines run
throughout the periphery of
the site at a distance of nearly HUMIDITY
20-30m . The main source of
Humidity is low in dry periods at 20 to 55% with vapour
power to the site is the
pressure 1300 to 1600N/sq.m During wet periods it rises
roadside poles.
to 55 to 95% with vapour pressure 2000 to 2500 N/sq.m
High humidity causes discomfort thus adequate ventilation
DRAINAGE is required.
Water supply is through the
underground reservoirs
connected to Delhi Municipal
Corporation. Rainwater and
sewage disposal through
drains below the green strips
connecting to Nelson
Mandela Road
SOLAR RADIATION
VEGETATION
In summers the sun is at high altitude ,the roof receives
Covered with dense shrubs much more radiation than the walls , thus horizontal
,herbs and grassland . There shade is enough , how ever in winters when the position
are no prominent large trees of the sun is lowered , vertical louvers becomes necessary.
on the site.

TOPOGRAPHY WATER DRAINAGE WATER CHANNELS VEGETATION

 CASE STUDY
SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE ,
DELHI Architect : T J Manickman
DESIGN ISSUES
SPA was designed by englishman T.J.Manickman and its hostels in Maharani Bhagh New Friends
SPA Delhi Colony by Akshat Jain and Ragha Chkravarthy . Since the campus is a split there is a huge
communication gap
Serious problems in terms of space can be observed in the campus . Overcrowded areas lack of
storage area narrow lobbies no fire exit and lack of adequate parking space are some of the
problems .

LOCATION
The campus is located on the busy ring road near
ITO in New Delhi. The campus is divided into two
part at a distance of about 300 m . Opposite to the
campus is the Indra Gandhi indoor stadium
PLANNING
The plan is in the form of l shape with studies ,admin ,canteen and
library situated vertical and multipurpose hall ,workshops and
Industrial Design working space perpendicular to it . The building
lacks architectural character . The building is too high and thus
the scale does not match and fit in the site , the building is planed
on a grid of 4 m . The service core containing the staircase and lift
is in the northern end of the entrance lobby

STUDIOS LIGHTING AND VENTILATION

Studios are placed on second floor and above . Large windows let in piercing sunlight into the
They are designed to get light from the north and indoors . For ventilation there are large
south sun. there is a rigid classroom environment . ventilators.

WORKSHOPS CANTEEN
Placed in the extreme end of the campus. They are It is a very useful space for the students it also
not properly acoustically treated and create lots accommodates the stationary shop. It forms one
of noise of the main entrance into the block
 CASE STUDY
ANSAL SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE ,
LUCKNOW Architect : AR NITIN GOEL
DESIGN ISSUES
Ansal Technical Campus (ATC) is a private, self financed and co-educational institution
was established in the year 2012 sponsored by Sushil Ansal Foundation (SAF). It is
affiliated to Gautam Budh Technical University, Lucknow. It is approved by AICTE and
MHRD, New Delhi. It is recognized by UP Board of Technical Education, State
Government of UP.

LOCATION APPROACH
The campus is located in Sector C, Pocket Ansal Technical Campus is situated at the prestigious Sushant Golf
9, Sushant Golf City, Lucknow, Uttar City on Amar Shaheed Path off to NH-56 in Lucknow city, the district
Pradesh of UP. Campus is just 15 minutes drive away from the airport and
well-connected by local and college provided conveyance. Campus
spread over an area of 14 acres land.

LUCKNOW CLIMATE
Lucknow has a humid subtropical climate with cool, dry winters from mid-
November to February and dry, hot summers with thunderstorms from late
March to June.

LIGHTING AND VENTILATION

Large windows let in piercing sunlight into the indoors . For ventilation there are
large ventilators.

STRUCTURE
The complete department is a temporary structure made out of steel frames with
gypsum board paneling . The roof is a pitched roof throughout . The structure acts
well as a thermal insulator and provides high scope for renovations and
repositioning . But it lacks aesthetic appeal or any beauty .

PLANNING
The planning is done around courtyards . The concept of spacious environment has been kept
in mind . Court yards are landscaped and use as the major interactive spaces . Major mass or
major part of the surface of the building are on the north and south direction. The courtyards
improve ventilation and lightens up the studio environment and increase interaction and
increases sense of freedom.
 CASE STUDY 1
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND TECHNOLOGY,
AHMEDABAD Architect : B.V.DOSHI
The School of architecture at Ahmedabad is a part of the campus of
Centre For Planning and Technology (CEPT). The campus consists of
Visual art centre, communication science centre and school of
planning. This school of architecture is the most contemporary
school in India. The design is selectively developed and a large area is
used for landscape.

HISTORY
The Ahmedabad Education Society (AES), a premier educational body started in 1962 with the
starting of School of Architecture. The School of Planning was established in 1972 with financial LOCATION
support from the governments of India and Gujarat and Ford Foundation. The School of The campus is located over 5 acres in the
Building Science and Technology and School of Interior Design were established in 1982 and Navrangpura area of the city of
1991 respectively with grant-in-aid from the government of Gujarat. The state government also Ahmedabad, Gujrat .The site is 6.7 km
supports the School of Architecture through grant-in-aid. from Ahma dabad railway station, 6.9
km from Ahma dabad Bus stand and
SCHOOLS IN CEPT ARCHITECT’S PHILOSOPHY 11.8 km from Ahmadabad airport.
 School of Architecture  Elimination of classroom feeling
 School of Planning
APPROACH
 Architecture without barriers
 School of Building Science and  Integration of open spaces Main access on the northern side Two
Technology  Ease of interaction between various entrances on the southern side Two
 School of Interior Design departments entrances on the western side

DESIGN FEATURES AHMEDABAD CLIMATE

 Provision for flexible spaces which can be used in a multifunctional manner Ahmedabad has a hot, semi-arid climate
 Strong connectivity between spaces making the school as an open space with no doors . The average annual rainfall is about
 All buildings are oriented in the north-south direction. 800 millimetres. With max temperature
 Open spaces on the north & south side respectively allow fresh air for ventilation. 34 degree in to min of 21 degree .
 The open spaces is linked to the office and library area , workshop and canteen.
 The design is intended to be close to nature and experiment the designing skills, play with
levels etc. Since the land was earlier a brick kiln, the site was undulated and gave
opportunity to play with levels.
 The design is intended to be close to nature and experiment the designing skills, play with
levels etc. Since the land was earlier a brick kiln, the site was undulated and gave
opportunity to play with levels.
 The design is intended to be close to nature and experiment the designing skills, play with
levels etc. Since the land was earlier a brick kiln, the site was undulated and gave
opportunity to play with levels.
 The studio spaces have bay spaces facing the exterior , creating semi-private spaces which
are yet totally open to the exterior - spaces where the individual can be alone with nature
 The studio spaces have bay spaces facing the exterior , creating semi-private spaces which
are yet totally open to the exterior - spaces where the individual can be alone with nature
even in the environment of a studio.
 There are two types of buildings in CEPT campus -Wide spanning , multiple storeyed usually
in transverse groupings ,Narrower spanning ,single storeyed, vaulted, usually not combined.

SECTION

PLANNING
 The built form starts with a pair of parallel walls. The
basic component of the buildings of CEPT is a derivative
of a pair of parallel , load-bearing walls, supporting a flat
floor-slab . The repeated occurrence of parallel-walled
structures in the buildings of the campus can be
observed.
 The overall planning done around the central court with
built masses on sides and green it gives the campus noise
protection from traffic.
 Architect has included uneven contours into the plan
transforming a drawback into a delightful experience of
space.
STUDIOS
 Oriented north south , spacious double heighted ,soliciting
north light and pleasant south breeze . The openings in the
south are recessed with balconies.
 Studios overlook studios below
 Horizontal scale both in m and ft. are marked on concrete
band so the students can have an idea of physical
measurements.
SITE
The site is located in the Kasturbhai Lalbhai Campus in
Navrangpura, a western suburb of Ahmedabad. It lies
within a zone occupied by other educational
institutions. Being at the edge of this zone, it is also
immediately proximal to some residential localities
which adjoin. The site about 12.5 acres, measuring about
300 metres North-South and about 150 metres East-
West. It is roughly rectangular, with extensions on the
eastern side at the northern and southern ends for
vehicular parking and on the southern side (Hussain-
Doshi Gufa). The general slope is towards the north
western corner.
BASEMENT
The basement is a multipurpose space. It is a very
active space of the campus. On one side of t he
basement rising contours can be seen, and on the other
side the central courtyard. Numerous activities are
performed here like cultural programs , tests and
exhibitions, indoor games etc.
 CASE STUDY 2
Chandigarh college of Architecture
Architect : Le Corbusier
The Chandigarh College of Architecture (or CCA) is a college LOCATION
imparting education and research in the field of architecture. It
covers the north- western region of India including the states of The campus is located over 8 acres in
Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir as well as the academic atmosphere and forms a part
Union Territory of Chandigarh. of Punjab engineering college campus ,
in sector 12 , Chandighar . Though the
The college has an enrolment of 200 undergraduates. college stands alone as a school of
architecture , it is near the capital
HISTORY complex and easily accessible from the
Chandigarh College of Architecture was established on 7 August 1961 in Chandigarh, India, city.
and was set up to impart education in architecture.
Le Corbusier, who developed Chandigarh's master plan in 1951, got CCA established as a part APPROACH
of the Chandigarh Experiment. The approach is throughV3 , vidya
path .
ARCHITECT’S PHILOSOPHY The site has two entrances.
 CCA aims at developing its unique inherent potential and location and to inspire, support,  One major entrance is towards the
sustain and continue academic programs whereby professionals -trained in the tradition of south east .Used as both
modern urbanism ushered in by the incomparable master could extend the frontiers of pedestrian and vehicular entrance.
Creativity in the pursuit of serving the Family of Man -- efficiently, comprehensively,  The other in north east. This is for
beautifully.
the students coming from the
 The Chandigarh College of Architecture (CCA) was established on 7th August 1961 and was
set up as a part of the great "Chandigarh Experiment" to impart education in Architecture. hostels .
CHANDIGHAR CLIMATE
DESIGN FEATURES Chandigarh has a humid subtropical
 The planning is introvert in nature. The studio and classrooms have been grouped together climate characterised by a seasonal
around a Rectangular courtyard. rhythm: very hot summers, mild
 There are two doubly loaded corridors originating on two ends of the building which Lead winters, unreliable rainfall and great
from the entrance to the studios and class rooms. The facilities like library, museum, variation in temperature (−1 °C to 46
common room, dark room and Administration and faculty rooms are on both sides of these °C OR 30.2 °F to 114 °F).
corridors. These corridors are poorly connected to the courtyard through four small
openings.
SURROUNDINGS
 The design studios are on the northern side of the building. Entrance hall is a long rectangle Shopping mall (north west) , spic
in shape. The Courtyard has not been well linked with rest of the building. micro software building (north east)
 The built form is tilted so as to get north south orientation. , Engineering college (east )
 East west openings narrow to reduce radiation University playground (south east).
 North side unique roof form to capture north light
 South side hollow concrete blocks for both light and air OPEN SPACES
Courtyard is the only open space in
the college which is well linked to the
CONCEPT rest of the college. It is a grassy lawn,
Chandigarh College of Architecture was established on 7 August 1961 in Chandigarh, India, used by students to relax during their
and was set up to impart education in architecture. spare time. There is a large garden the
Le Corbusier, who developed Chandigarh's master plan in 1951, got CCA established as a part south side of the college which is
of the Chandigarh Experiment. linked through entrance hall

LINKAGES
 There has been no thought of
linking studios and the relationship
between different classes is quite
poor.
 Architect has failed to link the
courtyard in an active manner with
rest of the building. As a result, it is
a passive & a dead space.
 Corridors and courtyards are poorly
linked. Some faculty rooms are very
close to studios while, others are
far away. Thus, a varying nature of
relationship has been generated
between students and faculty.
PLANNING  There is little room for inter-faculty
interaction corridors which are
 The planning is introvert in nature. The studio and major circulation arteries of the
classrooms have been grouped together around a building help circulation in a very
Rectangular courtyard. uninteresting and boring manner.
 There are two doubly loaded corridors originating on two
ends of the building which Lead from the entrance to the LIGHT AND VENTILATION
studios and class rooms. The facilities like library,  The classrooms, studios are other
museum, common room, dark room and Administration spaces deeper on north lights for
and faculty rooms are on both sides of these corridors. their lighting. The lighting is good
These corridors are poorly connected to the courtyard during day time.
through four small openings.  Courtyard that might have been
 The design studios are on the northern side of the exploited for natural lighting has
building. Entrance hall is a long rectangle in shape. The not been used for such purposed.
Courtyard has not been well linked with rest of the  Ventilation is from small window,
building. which are present on th
 The entrance hall is long and rectangular in shape .  e outside walls. The north side
 As such there is no order or hierarchy of spaces , the windows are large and near the
building and the layout seems uninteresting in terms of ceilings
functionality.
 LITRATURE STUDY 1
Yale Art + Architecture Building, New Haven, Connecticut
Architect : Paul Rudolph
LOCATION

NEW HAVEN,
CONNECTICUT

ARCHITECT’S PHILOSOPHY CONNECTICUT, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

“External forces dictated that this building turn the corner and relate to the modern building (COAST OF ATLANTIC OCEAN)
opposite as well as suggest that it belongs to Yale University. The internal forces demanded an
environment suitable for ever varying activities which will be given form and coherence by the
defined spaces within. As the years go by, it is hoped otherinterests and activities will take place YALE SCHOOL OF
within the spaces, but the space itself will remain.” - Paul Rudolph. ART AND
ARCHITECTURE

HISTORY
In June of 1957, it was announced that he had accepted the chairmanship of the Department of
Architecture at Yale University. During his years at Yale he began receiving commissions for
monumental structures from throughout the Northeast including the Art and Architecture Building
at Yale, the Government Services Centre in Boston and the SMTI / UMass Dartmouth campus. By this
time he had adopted a distinctive style, mostly in concrete, that drew from many sources including
Frank Lloyd Wright, Le Corbusier as well as his own prodigious imagination.
DESIGN FEATURES
 Rudolph envisioned the building as a teaching tool, peppering his Modernist castle with fragments
of history: plaster casts of Assyrian reliefs and Parthenon friezes; Le Corbusier’s Modular measure;
original Louis Sullivan gates; and locally salvaged Ionic capitals. Incorporated with remarkable self-
confidence despite the contemporary sway of Bauhaus ahistoricism, many of these items have
been preserved or restored.
 Further thumbing his nose at the ahistorical inclinations of the Bauhaus, Rudolph playfully
decorated the A&A with bits and pieces of history -- Assyrian reliefs in the stairwells, Ionic
CLIMATE
TEMPERATURE- Over the course of a year, the temperature typically varies from -4°C to 28°C
and is rarely below -12°C or above 31°C.
TEMPERATURE- Over the course of a year, the temperature typically varies from -4°C to 28°C
and is rarely below -12°C or above 31°C.
SUN- The length of the day varies significantly over the course of the year. The shortest day is
December 21 with 9:11 hours of daylight; the longest day is June 20 with 15:09 hours of
daylight.
PRECIPITATION- The probability that precipitation will be observed at this location varies
throughout the year. Precipitation is most likely around February 10, occurring in 45% of
days. Precipitation is least likely around September 11, occurring in 34% of days.
DESIGN UNLOADINGAND LOADING DOCK

capitals perched on metal poles in the lecture hall. PAINTING

 His spatial theatricality reached its climax in the building's heart, the two-story drafting room, DESIGN

presided over by a marble Roman statue of the goddess Minerva. SCULPTURING

EXTERNAL
GRAPHICSAND DRAWING
EXIT
EXHIBITIONAND LIBRARY STARICASE

MECHANICAL SERVICES

CIRCULATION SPACE

ELEVATORS

STAIRCASE
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
MAIN ENTRANCETOTHEBUILDING TOTHE
FIRST FLOOR
ENTRANCETOTHEPUBLIC CAFE
PEDESTRIANMOVEMENT
DESIGN APPROACH MOVEMENT FORSERVICES

 The 2008 renovation restored the original linear lighting

system which beautifully juxtaposed into the vertical
concrete texture
 Meeting current disability friendly requirements by the
codes was a difficult task. The original plan had 37 level on
9 floors rendring incorporation disability access automatic
FIRSTFLOORPLAN
 Interiors as grey [dull/neutral] concrete vs. earthy orange
ELEVATORS

CIRCULATIONSPACE
[bright and exciting] Carpets and furniture STAIRCASE
 Natural light bounces on the carpet and illuminates the
MECHANICAL SERVICES
entire space as warm interiors imprinting warth on the
PEDESTRIANMOVEMENT
lifeless concrete MOVEMENT FORSERVICES
 Like every brutalist buildings, this one retains all the joints
and holes caused by the casting of concrete in place. SIXTH FLOOR PLAN
Rudolph utilised this as an opportunity to create texture.
BUILDINGCONSTRUCTIONSYSTEM
Structural System
 The 114,000sqft Brutalist building, which is constructed of
 Internally the building is organized around a central core cast-in-place concrete, has a total of 37 different levels on nine
space defined by four large concrete slab columns that, floors, two below grade, and is a cornerstone of Yale’s vibrant
similar to the external towers, are hollow to accommodate arts campus.
mechanical services.  Completed in 1963, the building is formed of intersecting
 Cast-in-Place Concrete [RCC] volumes of bush-hammered concrete. Smooth concrete and
glass horizontal elements are supported by a sequence of
 Bush Hammered Finish to the face of the exposed
towers that protrude above the roof in a series of turrets.
concrete
 Slabs of ribbed concrete run in vertical sections on the
interior and exterior of the 11,000-square- metre building.
Section showing hollow
columns used as service and  The main entrance is set back from the street, accessed
storage area through a chute and stairwell between two concrete
columns.
 Inside, the complex floor plan is made up of 37 terraced
levels spaced across seven main storeys and two
basement floors. Each level overlooks a central atrium
that features a sunken pit and is topped by a series of
skylights, while narrow concrete walkways connect the
spaces on either side of the well.
 Massive piers of concrete rise. Projections are over-
emphasised throughout. Heavy slabs are crossed by thin slabs.
Original Yale Art + Architecture Building Cross-
Courtyard Axis Plan By Paul Rudolph
Spaces inside cross too and offer sequences of most dramatic
RCCShear walls effects by unexpected vistas inside the building and even out
Hollow RCCColumns of it,"
 Part Study
Harvard Graduate School of Design University Cambridge, Massachusetts
Architect : John Andrew
The Graduate School of Design’s Gund Hall sticks out among
Harvard’s red-brick laden campus. While some might regard the LOCATION
concrete exterior as ugly, some say the interior could serve as a
model for a university that lacks central social spaces . The
building shows a different kind of an approach to the design of a
architectural school. Modern technology and structural flexibility
have contributed to the unusual design solution . This building
contrasts a great deal to CEPT and gives a technically advanced
solution for the design of an Architectural school.

It’s a remarkable building by John Andrew , symbolizing new direction of looking inward , it opens a
new relationship between disciplines and looking outward it establishes a relationship the Graduate
school of design and rest of the university community.
As new ways of thinking emerge in the profession of architecture, the field grows Its located in the Harvard University
increasingly complex and requires new techniques of inquiry and design. For generations, campus Cambridge , Massachusetts
the GSD has educated committed individuals who have assumed leadership roles in shaping USA
the built environment. Today’s graduates in architecture continue this tradition by pioneering
new design approaches to the challenges posed by contemporary society. ANALYSIS OF INTERRELATIONSHIP
Major campus circulation pass through under the building and hence lobby function as an exhibition area.
Gund hall currently features a cafeteria, auditorium, fabrication lab, library, classrooms, and There are several entries to the exhibition on the ground floor .
offices. At the heart of the building, though, are the four floors of desks, also known as trays, Within the building , circulation between studios takes place through the open stair
which offer collaborative spaces for nearly 600 studio students. The terraced, open floor plan case . Each studio is closely attached to the faculty rooms and seminar rooms . Each
allows students from the top floor to see the models that students on the mezzanine are studio accommodates 350 students.
designing, and vice-versa.

LIGHT AND VIEW

Direct day light is admitted from the
stepped overhead windows of the
truss system. They also give a view of
the surroundings .

STRUCTURE
The building is basically of reinforced
concrete with flat slab construction .
System of tubular steel truss forms a
free spanning roof .

DESIGN FEATURES
 For its own students, the building gathers all studies in to one open integrated
environment.
 The organization of the building is simple. Faculty and seminar rooms wrap around the
sides of the studios with a lounge and a terrace common to both.
 The studios on all floor are open to each other, each studio storey overlapping the one
beneath tucked under the one above. Horizontal and vertical stacking was avoided to give
students a platform for interaction. The staggered studios have a great tubular truss
spanning 125 feet grid.
 The structure of the building is in R.C.C,25 feet grid. The building is a grand system of
structure , services and light.
 The building as a whole sets an example for a new kind of communication in education.

 Gund Hall offers students a stimulating environment in which to work, including studio and office areas
for approximately 500 students and more than 100 faculty and staff; lecture and seminar rooms;
workshops and darkrooms; an audio visual center; computer facilities; a cafeteria; a project room; Piper
Auditorium; and the Frances Loeb Library. The yard area is used for basketball, volleyball, picnics; as an
exhibition area for class projects; and as the setting for commencement ceremonies. The central studio
space extends through five levels under a stepped, clear-span roof that admits natural light and
provides views toward Boston. The dramatic facade and extensive glass surfaces make an eloquent
statement about the design excellence and professional creativity for which the school is known. Some
administrative offices and offices for doctoral students, plus seminar rooms, are located opposite Gund
Hall at 7 Sumner Road.
 WEB STUDY

DAY LIGHTING Malaysia’s Green Diamond Building

The ASEAN Centre for Energy has awarded its top prize in the
Apertures
Daylighting is the practice of placing windows, other ASEAN Energy Awards (AEA) to the Diamond Building, the
Building
Form
Glazing
System openings, and reflective surfaces so that sunlight (direct eight-story headquarters of the Energy Commission of Malaysia
or indirect) can provide effective internal lighting. in Putrajaya. The passive-design, energy-efficient structure is
DAYLIGHTING
Interior
surface
SYSTEM
Shading
Particular attention is given to daylighting while designed to use mostly natural light and to consume about one-third the amount of
Device
charecter
designing a building when the aim is to maximize visual energy of a conventional building of its size. The building, completed in 2009, earned
Interior Daylighting
comfort or to reduce energy use. Platinum ratings under Malaysia's Green Building Index (GBI) and Singapore's Green
Elements devices
Mark program.
The Diamond Building was designed and built on a concept of sustainable
Sunportal system building, with consideration to the following aspects:
1. Reduction in fossil fuels usage
The Sunportal system tracks the sun and collects light throughout the day with an 2. Water conservation
“Active Sunlight Collector” – and it’s able to do so even on cloudy days. The collector 3. Sustainable building materials
redirects the light into an “Ultra Sunlight Concentrator”, which channels it into the
4. Waste minimisation and avoidance
aperture of a small acrylic light pipe. The concentrated sunlight can then be directed
5. Indoor environmental quality
anywhere over any distance through a series of “Sunlight Relay Lenses”. Sunportal says
that because its technology uses “the latest IR-cut coating technology, there is no heat
6. Traffic and transport management
loss or gain associated with the transmitted daylight,” which reduces heating and air 7. Construction and demolition management plan
conditioning costs. It is assumed that using sunlight directly for indoor illumination
would be about twenty-five times more cost-effective than using sunlight to generate Design features:
electricity with solar cells for powering electric lamps for indoor lighting.  The building’s integrated cooling system utilizes Radiant Cooling System where
Sunportal currently has dealers in Europe and North America. System is in use by coils embedded in the concrete floor slabs that keep floor and ceiling
South Korea at a pumped-storage plant, a steel mill, and a pedestrian subway. temperatures between 19 and 21 degrees Celsius.
 The building “is self-shading for direct solar radiation,” with facades and an
atrium “optimized to direct diffuse daylight into the building.
 Extensive landscaping and a sunken outdoor garden ensure not only a green
space but also provide a cool and shaded environment for the occupants.
This, coupled with a green roof helps to further reduce urban heat and effect
whereby the hardscape areas are reduced and replaced with soft green
landscape.
 Rainwater harvested is used for toilet flushing, combined with efficient water
fittings such as dual flush toilets, waterless urinals and water taps equipped
with aerators. This reduces potable water usage by more than 65%. To
further optimise the water efficiency of the building, greywater collected
from the wash basins is also recycled to irrigate the wetland at the ground
floor.
 To reduce heat absorption in the building, the roof top area is insulated using
Kimbell Art Museum boards with a thickness of 100mm. The concrete roof is tightly insulated both
Located in Fort Worth, Texas, the Kimbell Art Museum by horizontally and vertically.
Louis Kahn has become a mecca for all who are interested
in modern architecture. The element of natural light is the
main focus of the design, and creates elegant spaces that are perfectly suited
for the art that it houses.

Saw-Toothed Metalsa Center for Innovation Chicago’s Poetry foundation

Automotive manufacturer, Metalsa new building in Monterrey,
Mexico Designed by Brooks + Scrapa. The saw-toothed roofline
is reminiscent of old industrial buildings and the nearby
mountains, but also doubles as a surface for photovoltaics and
north-facing windows to let in daylight. The project was designed to achieve LEED
Platinum certification and is a great example for how green design can be applied in
utilitarian projects. Programmatically, the building features offices as well as the
warehouse and research laboratories, all of which are filled with lots of natural
daylight.
Inspiration for the saw-toothed roofline comes from historical factories, but is
optimized for site orientation and the interior space. North-facing roof windows pull in
sunlight into the offices and the factory, while south-facing roof slopes are covered
in photovoltaic to generate electricity. Storm water is infiltrated via retention biowales,
landscaping and percolation zones, while excess is fed into a campus-wide grey water
recycling system. Large overhangs and perforated metal shade screens on the south
and west sides protect the interior from overheating. Radiant slabs inside provide
efficient heating and cooling of the interior and sustainable materials contribute to a
healthy interior.
The Poetry foundation , designed by John Ronan Architects, is a
daring ode to the structure of a poem. Located in Chicago, the
building provides space for a library, exhibitions and the offices
of Poetry Magazine. The building's volume is composed of a
series of layers, not unlike a poem, and visitors to the foundation move through and
between them to understand the space in its entirety. With a perforated screen on the
exterior, the building accepts filtered sunlight for a tranquil experience inside, which is
augmented by an interior garden space. A partial green roof, use of recycled materials
and energy efficient strategies will help this building attain a LEED Silver certification.
The courtyard garden acts as another room inside the space and serves as an urban
sanctuary. Visitors access the building through the garden and instantly see the double
height library, which welcomes them into this literary space. Inside, the foundation
features performance space, a gallery and library on the ground floor, while office
spaces are located on the second level. Views of the garden can be seen throughout
the building.
The building is surrounded by a perforated screen, which works to protect the building
from the elements, while filtering natural daylight into the space to create a soft and
pleasant light.
 BOOK STUDY
BASIC HUMAN DIMENTIONS
Dimensions And Space Requirements In
Accordance With Normal Measurements
And Energy Consumption.
SEATING ARRANGEMENTS
Seating in lecture theatres can be combined
units of tip-up or swing seats, backrest and
writing ledge (with shelf or hook for
folders), usually fixed. (1) & (3) Seating
arrangement depending on subject,
number of students and teaching method:
slide lectures, electro- acoustic systems on
a gentle rake; surgery, internal medicine,
physics on a steep rake. View curve
calculated using graphic or analytic
methods.(4)-(5).
OFFICE SPACES
Thumb Rules for Planning the Office
Spaces: width of the primary Circulation
path within the space must not be less
than 2M, the secondary and tertiary
paths must not be less than 1.5M and
0.75M respectively. The planning and the
layout must satisfy a particular functional
need, such as screening, divisions
(partitions) stacking or storage etc. .
Furniture arrangement must be such that
the people at their work station must
have clear visibility and adequate space
around their desk.
BASIC HUMAN DIMENTIONS
An environment for disable people needs to be designed to accommodate
wheelchairs and allow sufficient space for moving around in safely. In the
rented residential sector, access via corridor is the most common layout. This
enables large numbers of angles and corners to be avoided; a straight main
corridor is preferable. The entrance area should be of an appropriate size.
The minimum area of entrances halls is 1.50x1.50m & 1.70x1.60m for a
porch with a single leaf door. single disabled people need more space than
those in shared households. In apartments, recommended minimum areas
for living rooms with dinning area are: 22 sq.m for one person and 24 sq.m
for two to four people; 26 sq.m for five and 28 sq.m for six. The minimum
room width is 3.75m for one or two person and for 4.75m for four or 5
person who are disabled.
LECTURE HALL’S OBJECTIVES
Lecture halls are places of social and personal interaction, where learning
takes place and where creative thinking is encouraged. The primary objective
of the design team is to achieve the best possible arrangement of
architectural elements and teaching facilities so that both teaching and
learning is maximized. Design of lecture theatres and teaching spaces
requires a balanced relationship bet. architectural/Construction skills and
teaching/AV disciplines. The objective of the design team should be to
optimize the 'function' of space, by clearly identifying all performance
requirements and allowing for these needs in the design stage. Ancillary
support spaces (i.e. lobbies, lecture halls) should be serviced by the primary
telecommunication distribution system/infrastructure in the building.
Lecture halls require the greatest design input and in which is usually found
the greatest complement of audio visual facilities. Lecture halls are generally
single function spaces with fixed seating and writing furniture on a tiered or
sloping floor surface. Each seat should have a clear unobstructed view to the
lecturer and all boards and screens located on the presentation wall. Natural
lighting is not desirable in lecture halls.
DRAWING STUDIO
Various space requirements for technical subjects including Architecture and Art Academics.
LIBRARY
Libraries perform a range of functions in society. Academic libraries, for
example, obtain, collect and store literature for education and research
purposes, and are usually open to the general public. Public libraries provide
communities with a wide choice of more general literature and other
information media, with as much as possible displayed on open shelves. The
functions of academic and public libraries are often combined in a single
library in larger towns.
 STANDARDS GUIDELINE BY COA & INFRENCES

Minimum standards of Architectural Education 2008, prescribed by COA.

Desirable Activity Spaces EQUIPMENT AND FURNITURE:

1. Canteen Every School should have adequate Furniture in terms of
2. Tuck shop / Stationary Shop Drafting Tables and Stools, Bench Desks, Chairs Tables,
3. Reprography Section Storage facilities, etc. based on the sanctioned Intake.
4. Open air theatre with stage Audio Visual equipment and Digital aids should be
5. Permanent Exhibition space adequate in number so as to meet the contemporary
6. Provision for outdoor sports facility needs.
Recommended Labs: The Laboratory Equipment shall be as per the
1. Climatology/ Environment* requirement of Curriculum.
2. Surveying* Suggested Equipment for Labs
3. Materials Testing Surveying: Measuring tapes, Dumpy level, Theodolite,
4. Electrical Ranging rods, etc. OR Total station
5. Plumbing and Sanitation Climate: Thermometers, Rain gauge, Wind cock, Sun orbit
6. Lighting/ Illumination table, etc.
7. Acoustics Material testing: Universal testing machine, Concrete
Recommended Workshops block moulds, etc.
1. Model making* Workshop: Tables with vice, Carpentry tools, Mason’s
2. Carpentry* tools, etc.
3. Metal craft
B: LIBRARY FACILITIES
 Minimum 300 books on subjects of Architecture
shall be available in the library for the intake of 40
(including minimum 100 titles)
 Add 150 books on subjects of Architecture (including
minimum 50 titles) for every additional intake of 40.
 From second year onwards, minimum 150 books on
subjects of Architecture (including minimum 50
titles) for every year per intake of 40.

INFRENCES
CONTENTS C.C.A C.E.P.T HARWARD GRADUATE SCHOOL OF
DESIGN

AREA Ground coverage = 2400 sq.m

30% 24%
COVERED COVERED Built up area = 6500 sq.m
70% 76%
UNCOVERED UNCOVERED

INTERACTION Corridors are the only source of interaction Interaction between the studios is achieved The visual link between the studios and a
among the students by stacking the studios and achieving visual common open staircase is managed to create
linkage. interaction within the studio.

LIGHT & VENTILATION The shape of the building is designed to Glare free north light is allowed into the Day light is admitted via stepped overhead
bring north light into the studios building windows of the truss system

INTERIOR CHARECTER Brick piers are used in interactive spaces and Large column free spaces achieved via use of An office like work environment is created
platforms for display is a prominent coffer slabs . Ceramic tiles roof to reflect with view of all studio achieved through
component among the interior back harsh sun large span trusses system .

EXTERIOR CHARECTER
The building is quite unnoticeable from the Brick walls and concrete bands in exposed The form of the building sets an example for
main gate approach road seems to merge condition to give it a natural texture . Space use of the modern technology and structural
with the ground . It has horizontal skyline for informal seating is provided flexibility in an intelligent way
with concrete jalli s dominating the front
façade , an aesthetically sound composition
is produced via precast jallis

CONCEPT Here the potential of common man would
grow to maturity in an atmosphere for
learning through maximum communication .
Micro climate and environment within the
school to be in a humble setting
SCHOOL as an open space ; Feeling of NO
RESTRICTION ; CLASSROOM SENSE must be
all over inside and outside AN OPEN
FLEXIBLE SPACE with no doors ; EXPOSED
LOCAL MATERIALS minimise cost and
maintenance ; NORTH LIGHT in studios; to
activate the space between with a variety of
spaces and INTERLOCKING PLATFORMS
It symbolises a new direction for looking
inward , it opens a new relationship between
disciplines and looking outward it establishes a
relationship the Graduate school of design and
rest of the university community.

PLANNING The function are put around a rectangular
courtyard with two doubly loaded corridors
running along the building to connect the
various functions . The courtyard is not well
linked to the building
The function of the main block are well
connected through stair case and corridors .
Play in levels and platforms are used to
connect the other associated functions to
the main building
It is an example of compact planning where
all the functions are incorporated in one
building . The studios are stacked in a
stepped manner with faculty , seminar
rooms etc. wrapping around the two sides

LINKAGE Corridors are used as linkages Stepped courtyard acts as a source of linkage Linkage achieved through open stair cases
between various functions

SUBMITTED BY :ABHIJEET ROY ROLL NO : 1130101002

PROJECT GUIDE: AR. SHUBHASHISH CHAUDHURY
B.ARCH THESIS CASE STUDY
BABU BANARASIDAS UNIVERSITY B.B.D.U.