Elements of Civil Engineering & Mechanics SPIEL Oe) PAU Bs H. J. Sawant alanisTABLE OF CONTENTS | Chapter-1 Introduction to Civil Engineering | (1-1) to (1-36) 11 Introduction weld 1.2 Scope of Civil Engineering Fields aed | 1.2.1 Broad Outline of a Construction Acti 1.2 | 1.2.2 Surveying . seceeeee ded. 2.3 Building Materials. . 1-3 123. Coments ay 1232 Bricks L16 1233 Stones are) ee 1s 1.23.5 Coneretes Ls 123.6 Stes... 1.2.4 Construction Technology . 1.2.5 Transportation Engineering. 1.2.6 Hydraulics... 1.2.7 Water Resources ad Irigtion Engineering. .. 1.2.8 Structural Engineering 1.2.9 Geotechnical Engineering 1.2.10 Environmental Engineering 1.3 Infrastructure ... 13.1 Types of lafrastructure . 13:2 Roe of Civil Engine in Infastucture | Development.....-..-2seevseeeeeeed=20 1.33 Advantages of Infrastructure Development 1-20 14 Role of Civil Engineer w-21 1.5 Types of Roads...... 1-23 | 1.5.1 Types (Classification) of Roads 1-23 1.5.2. Components of Road vt-26 | 1.6 Bridges . .. “ 1.6.1 General ..... 1-27 1.6.2 Important Parts of a Bridge 1-27 16.3 Basic Concepts and Definitions 1-27 1.6.4 Classification (Types) of Bridges . 1-28 1.7 Dams. . seseseecere nd #30 1.7.1 General 1.72 Types of Dam 1.8 Role of Basic Areas of Civil Engineering . . 1.9 Effect of Infrastructural Facilities on Social-economic Development of a Country ........-.+200++1=33 4.10 Chapter Summary......- 1-34 1.11 University Questions with Answers ......... 1-34 Chapter -2 Introduction to Engineering Mechanics (2-1) to (2-6) 2.1 Mechanics . 2-2 2.2 Basic Quantities. . 2-2 2.3 Idealizations...... 2-2 2.4 Fundamental Principles ........+2+26c¢+002 2-2 2.5 Scalars 2-3 2.6 Vectors. 2.7 Units... errr) 2.8 University Questions with Answers . 24 Chapter-3 Force, Moment of Force and Couple 3-1) to (3-26) 3.1 Force ... seeneneenee Ari | 3.2 Force Systems . ae 3-3 3.3 Principle of Physical Independence of Forces. .. 3-4 3.4 Superposition Principle 3-4 3.5 Resolution and Composition of Forces . . 3-4 3.5.1 Triangle Law oad35.2 Polygon Law = 3-5 353 Parallelogram LaW. 2... ecccecsceees B25 3.5.4 Resolution and Composition of Forces in Cartesian Coordinate System ........... 3-6 3.6 Moment of Force....... 3.7 Couple. .. 3.8 University Questions with Answers. Chapter-4 Resultant of Coplanar Concurrent Force Systems (4-1) to (4-32) 24-2 ‘42 Resultant of Coplanar Concurrent Force Systems 4-2 4.3 Resolution and Composition of Forces : Rectangular Components . . Sheet eee ee eee Ge? 44 Triangle Law. 45 Parallelogram Law .. . 4.6 Lami's Theorem ....... 4-8 4.7 Key Points to Remember while Solving Problems. .. doo -10 4.8 General Procedure for Solution . 4.9 Miscellaneous Examples on Resultant of Concurrent Force Systems . . 4-10 4.10 University Questions with Answers. ...-....4=32 Chapter-5 Resultant of Non-Concurrent Force Systems (5 - 1) to (5 - 36) 5.1 Introduction +S-2 5.2 Varignon's Theorem of Moments . . 1502 5.3 Force-Couple System ...............00002. 563 5.4 General Procedure to Find Resultant of ‘Non-concurrent Force System. ..., 5-3 5.5 University Questions with Answers ... 5-35 Chapter-6 Equilibrium (6-1) to (6-5) 6.1 Introduction ..... 6.2 Equilibrant ......seeeesesseseeeeseeeees 6.2 63 Equilibrium of Coplanar Concurrent Force System: 64 64 Equilibrium of Coplanar Non-concurrent Force System 26-4 68 Forces in Strings/Cables/Ropes . . 16-4 6.6 Forces in Rods ..... 6.7 Forces in Spring 6.10 Miscellaneous Examples 6.11 University Questions with Answers......... 6-57 Chapter-7 Friction (7-1) to (7 - 58) 7A Introduction «2.2... 7.2 7.2, Dry Friction .. . 7-2 73 Laws of Static Friction. . ec} ‘74° Angle of Friction and Resultant Reaction ..., 7-3 7.5 Problems Involving Dry Friction.........., 7-4 7.6 Miscellaneous Examples... Tu 7.7 Wedge Friction... ‘78 Ladder Friction........ teens 7.9 Belt Friction (Flat Belts). ..., 7.10 University Questions with Answers, . TECHIICAL PUBLICATIONS". An ptt by rowegewy Chapter-8 Beams (8-1) to (8 - 30) 4.1 Introduction 28-2 82 Types of Beam Supports, 8-2 8.3 Types of Loads on Beams . 8-3 8.4 Types of Beams . se Bed 8.5 University Questions with Answers . -8-30 Chapter-9 Trusses (8 - 4) to (9 - 30) 9.1 Introduction... 22... cee 922, 9.2 Plane Trusses... 9-2 9.2.1 Method of Joint. 29-3 9.2.2 Method of Sections . 9-7 93 Miscellarieous Examples . 29-9 9.4 University Question with Answer. 29-29 Chapter -10 Centroi (10-1) to (10 - 48) 10, Centre of Gravity, Centre of Mass and Centroid A 10-2 102 Composite Bodies......... seee10-12 103 General Procedure to Find Centroid dof Compete. Bodies ..... 5 veces 10-14 104 University Questions with Answers ....-.. Chapter-11 Moment of Intertia (11 = 4) to (14-28) M2 11.1 Introduction ......-+. 11.2 Moment of Inertia of Plane Areas 11.3 Radius of Gyration .....2.e..eeeseeeeces 1-2 1.4 Perpendicular Axes Theorem .......-.++0++11+3 115 Parallel Axes Theorem .....-+++++ n-3 11.6 Moment of Inertia by Integration (From First Principles) ..... 11.6.1 Rectangle ...2..ee0ecees n-4 11.6.2 Triangle .. Med 1163 Citole oe. ee eeeeeeeeees “M-S 11.6.4 Semicircle (About Centroidal Axis Parallel to Diameter) ....-++.++++-++- 11-6 11.6.5 Quarter Circle... 1-7 11.7 Moment of Inertia of Composite Areas ...... 11-7 11.8 University Questions with Answers.....--- 11-26 Chapter-12 Kinematics (12 - 1) to (12 - 66) 12-2 12.1 Kinematics of Rectilinear Motion . 12.2 Variables in Rectilinear Kinematics. 123 Variable Acceleration. . 12.4 Motion with Constant Acceleration . 12-9 12.5. Motion Under Gravity «.....- + . 12-16 12.6 Dependent Motion . 12-22 12.7 Kinematics of Curvilinear Motion . . 12.8 Position, Velocity and Acceleration in Curvilinear Motion. . 12.9 Rectangular Components... . 12-27 12,10 Projectile Motion . n 212+ 12.11 Relative Motion . 12-45 12.12 Kinetics... 12-52 12.12.1 Newton's Second Law of Motion. .... 12-52 12.13 Motion of Vehicles on Banked Curved Roads ceeensesees 12-65 12.14 University Questions with Answers....... 12-65 Solved University Question Papers (S - 1) to (S - 20) TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS”. Anup ths! or Anois