TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTHazard Recognition Tools are such a common part of our lives that it is

difficult to remember that they may pose hazards.All tools are manufactured with safety in mind but,
tragically, a serious accident often occurs before steps are taken to search out and avoid or
eliminate tool-related hazards.In the process of removing oravoiding the hazards, workersmust learn
to recognize the hazardsassociated with the different types oftools and the safety
precautionsnecessary to prevent those hazards.

2  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT HAND TOOLS

Hand tools are non-powered. They include anything from axes to wrenches. The greatest hazards
posed by hand tools result from misuse and improper maintenance.Some examples:Using a
screwdriver as a chisel may cause the tip of the screwdriver to break and fly, hitting the user or other
employees.If a wooden handle on a tool such as a hammer or an axe is loose, splintered, or
cracked, the head of the tool may fly off and strike the user or another worker.A wrench must not be
used if its jaws are sprung, because it might slip.Impact tools such as chisels, wedges, or drift pins
are unsafe if they have mushroomed heads. The heads might shatter on impact, sending sharp
fragments flying.

3  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTThe employees have the responsibility for properly using and
maintaining tools.The employer is responsible for the safe condition of tools and equipment used by
employees.Employers should caution employees that saw blades, knives, or other tools be directed
away from aisle areas and other employees working in close proximity.Knives and scissors must be
sharp.Dull tools can be more hazardous than sharp ones.Appropriate personal protective equipment,
e.g., safetygoggles, gloves, etc., should be worn due to hazardsthat may be encountered while using
portable powertools and hand tools.Safety requires that floors be kept as clean and dryas possible to
prevent accidental slips with or arounddangerous hand tools.Around flammable substances, sparks
produced by ironand steel hand tools can be a dangerous ignition source.Where this hazard exists,
spark-resistant tools madefrom brass, plastic, aluminum, or wood will provide forsafety.

4  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT POWER TOOL PRECAUTIONS

Power tools can be hazardous when improperly used. There are several types of power tools, based
on the power source they use: electric, pneumatic, liquid fuel, hydraulic, and powder-
actuated.Employees should be trained in the use of all tools - not just power tools. They should
understand the potential hazards as well as the safety precautions to prevent those hazards from
occurring. The following general precautions should be observed by power tool users:Never carry a
tool by the cord or hose. Never yank the cord or the hose to disconnect it from the receptacle.Keep
cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp edges. Disconnect tools when not in use, before
servicing, and when changing accessories such as blades, bits and cutters. All observers should be
kept at a safe distance away from the work area.

5  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTSecure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands to operate the
tool.Avoid accidental starting. The workershould not hold a finger on the switchbutton while carrying
a plugged-in tool.Tools should be maintained with care.They should be kept sharp and cleanfor the
best performance. Followinstructions in the user’s manual forlubricating and changing
accessories.Be sure to keep good footing andmaintain good balance. The properapparel should be
worn. Loose clothing,ties, or jewelry can become caught in movingparts.All portable electric tools
that are damaged shallbe removed from use and tagged "Do Not Use."

6  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT GUARDS

Hazardous moving parts of a power tool need to be safeguarded. For example, belts, gears, shafts,
pulleys, sprockets, spindles, drums, fly wheels, chains, or other reciprocating, rotating, or moving
parts of equipment must be guarded if such parts are exposed to contact by employees.Guards, as
necessary, should be provided to protect theoperator and others from the following:point of
operation,in-running nip points,rotating parts, andflying chips and sparks.Safety guards must never
be removed when a tool is being used. For example, portable circular saws must be equipped with
guards. An upper guard must cover the entire blade of the saw. A retractable lower guard must
cover the teeth of the saw, except when it makes contact with the work material. The lower guard
must automatically return to the covering position when the tool is withdrawn from the work.

7  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SAFETY SWITCHES

The following hand-held powered tools must be equipped with a momentary contact "on-off" control
switch: drills, tappers, fastener drivers, horizontal, vertical and angle grinders with wheels larger than
2 inches in diameter, disc and belt sanders, reciprocating saws, saber saws, and other similar tools.
These tools also may be equippedwith a lock-on control provided that turnoff can be accomplished
by a single motion of the same fingeror fingers that turn it on.The following hand-held powered
toolsmay be equipped with only a positive"on-off" control switch: platen sanders,disc sanders with
discs 2 inches or lessin diameter; grinders with wheels 2 inchesor less in diameter; routers,
planers,laminate trimmers, nibblers, shears, scrollsaws and jigsaws with blade shanks ¼-inchwide or
less.

8  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT Other hand-held powered tools such

as circular saws having a bladediameter greater than 2 inches,chain saws, and percussion
toolswithout positive accessory holding means must be equipped with a constant pressure switch
that will shut off the power when the pressure is released.

9  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ELECTRIC TOOLS

Employees using electric tools must be aware of several dangers; the most serious is the possibility
of electrocution.Among the chief hazards of electric-powered tools are burns and slight shocks which
can lead to injuries or even heart failure.Under certain conditions, even a small amount of current
can result in fibrillation of the heart and eventual death.A shock also can cause the user to fall off a
ladder or other elevated work surface.

10  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ELECTRIC TOOLS

To protect the user from shock, tools must either have a three-wire cord with ground and be
grounded, be double insulated, or be powered by a low-voltage isolation transformer. Three-wire
cords contain two current-carrying conductors and a grounding conductor. One end of the grounding
conductorconnects to the tool’s metal housing.The other end is grounded through aprong on the
plug. Anytime an adapteris used to accommodate a two-holereceptacle, the adapter wire must
beattached to a known ground. The thirdprong should never be removed fromthe plug.

11  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT ELECTRIC TOOLS

Double insulation is more convenient. The user and the tools are protected in two ways: by normal
insulation on the wires inside, and by a housing that cannot conduct electricity to the operator in the
event of a malfunction.These general practices should be followed when using electric tools:Electric
tools should be operated within their design limitations.Gloves and safety footwear are
recommendedduring use of electric tools.When not in use, tools should be stored ina dry
place.Electric tools should not be used indamp or wet locations.Work areas should be well lighted.

12  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT POWERED ABRASIVE WHEEL TOOLS

Powered abrasive grinding, cutting, polishing, and wire buffing wheels create special safety
problems because they may throw off flying fragments.Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it
should be inspected closely and sound- or ring-tested to be sure that it is free from cracks or
defects.Due to the possibility of a wheel disintegrating (exploding) during start-up, the employee
should never stand directly in front of the wheel as it accelerates to full operating speed. Portable
grinding tools need to be equipped with safety guards to protect workers not only from the moving
wheel surface, but also from flying fragments in case of breakage.In addition, when using a powered
grinder:Always use eye protection.Turn off the power when not in use.Never clamp a hand-held
grinder in a vise.

13  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PNEUMATIC TOOLS Pneumatic tools are powered by

compressed air and includechippers, drills, hammers, andsanders.The main danger in using a
pneumatic tool is the danger of getting hit by one of the tool’s attachments or by some kind of
fastener the worker is using with the tool.Eye protection is required and face protection is
recommended for employees working with pneumatic tools.Noise is another hazard. Working with
noisy tools such as jackhammers requires proper, effective use of hearing protection.

14  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTWhen using pneumatic tools, employees must check to see that they
are fastened securely to the hose to prevent them from becoming disconnected. A short wire or
positive locking device attaching the air hose to the tool will serve as an added safeguard.A safety
clip or retainer must be installedto prevent attachments, such as chiselson a chipping hammer, from
beingunintentionally shot from the barrel.Screens must be set up to protect nearbyworkers from
being struck by flyingfragments around chippers, rivetingguns, staplers, or air drills.Compressed air
guns should neverbe pointed toward anyone. Usersshould never "dead-end" it againstthemselves or
anyone else.

15  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT POWDER ACTUATED TOOLS

Powder-actuated tools operate like aloaded gun and should be treated withthe same respect and
precautions.In fact, they are so dangerous that they must be operated only by specially trained
employees.Safety precautions to remember:These tools should not be used in an explosive or
flammable atmosphere.Before using the tool, the worker should inspect it to determine that it is
clean, that all moving parts operate freely, and that the barrel is free from obstructions.

16  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT NEVER point the tool at anybody.

The tool should not be loaded unlessit is to be used immediately.DO NOT LEAVE A LOADED
TOOLUNATTENDED, especially where itwould be available to unauthorized persons.Keep hands
clear of the barrel end. To prevent the tool from firing accidentally, two separate motions are
required for firing: one to bring the tool into position, and another to pull the trigger.The tools must
not be able to operate until they are pressed against the work surface with a force of at least 5
pounds greater than the total weight of the tool.

17  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT POWDER ACTUATED TOOLS

If a powder-actuated tool misfires, the employee should wait at least 30 seconds, then try firing it
again. If it still will not fire, the user should wait another 30 seconds so that the faulty cartridge is less
likely to explode, than carefully remove the load. The bad cartridgeshould be put in water.Suitable
eye and face protection are essentialwhen using a powder-actuated tool.The muzzle end of the tool
must have aprotective shield or guard centeredperpendicularly on the barrel to confineany flying
fragments or particles that mightotherwise create a hazard when the tool is fired.The tool must be
designed so that it will not fire unless it has this kind of safety device.All powder-actuated tools must
be designed for varying powder charges so that the user can select a powder level necessary to do
the work without excessive force.If the tool develops a defect during use it should be tagged and
taken out of service immediately until it is properly repaired.
18  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FASTENERS
When using powder-actuated tools to apply fasteners, there are some precautions to
consider.Fasteners must not be fired into material that would let them pass through to the other
side.The fastener must not be driven into materials like brick or concrete any closer than 3 inches to
an edge or corner. In steel, the fastener must not come any closer than one-half inch from a corner
or edge.Fasteners must not be driven into very hard or brittle materials which might chip or splatter,
or make the fastener ricochet.An alignment guide must be used when shooting a fastener into an
existing hole. A fastener must not be driven into a spalled area caused by an unsatisfactory
fastening.

19  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT HYDRAULIC POWER TOOLS

The fluid used in hydraulic power tools must be an approved fire-resistant fluid and must retain its
operating characteristics at the most extreme temperatures to which it will be exposed.The
manufacturer’s recommended safe operating pressure for hoses, valves, pipes, filters, and other
fittings must not be exceeded.

20  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT JACKS

All jacks - lever and ratchet jacks, screw jacks,and hydraulic jacks - must have a device thatstops
them from jacking up too high.The manufacturer’s load limit must bepermanently marked in a
prominent placeon the jack and should not be exceeded.Never use a jack to support a lifted load.
Once the load has been lifted, it must immediately be blocked up using a wooden block. To set up a
jack, make certain of the following:Proper maintenance is essential for safety. All jacks must be
inspected before each use and lubricated regularly. If a jack is subjected to an abnormal load or
shock, it should be thoroughly examined to make sure it has not been damaged.Hydraulic jacks
exposed to freezing temperatures must be filled with an adequate antifreeze liquid.

21  TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Employees who use hand and power tools and who are exposed to the hazards of falling, flying,
abrasive and splashing objects, or exposed to harmful dusts, fumes, mists, vapors, or gases must be
provided with the particular personal equipment necessary to protect them from the hazard.All
hazards when using power tools can be prevented by following five basic safety rules:Keep all tools
in good condition with regular maintenance.Use the right tool for the job.Examine each tool for
damage before use.Operate according to the manufacturer’s instructions.Provide and use the proper
protective equipment.Employees and employers have a responsibility to work together to establish
safe working procedures. If a hazardous situation is encountered, it should be brought to the
attention of the proper individual immediately.

Maintain tools and equipment

SFLDEC303A

2  Maintain tools and equipment

This unit covers the tools and equipment, that are used on a regular basis within a florist shop/ floral
studio.What is the tool/equipment ?What is it used for ?OHS/WHSissues that you need to be aware
of when using the item?Handling and storage requirements.This unit covers the tools and
equipment, that are used on a regular basis within a florist shop/ floral studio.What is the
tool/equipment ?What is it used for ?OHS/WHSissues that you need to be aware of when using the
item?Handling and storage requirements.

3  Key points for Maintenance of Floristry Equipment

Maintain Tools and Identify when equipment requires maintenance.Regularly check all
equipmentRecognise and report unsafe equipmentIdentify and be aware of scheduled
maintenanceBe aware of manufacturers instructionsUse safety equipment and guards as
instructedReport all equipment issues with supervisorsUse organisations appropriate documentation
as suppliedMaintain Tools and Identify when equipment requires maintenance.Regularly check all
equipmentRecognise and report unsafe equipmentIdentify and be aware of scheduled
maintenanceBe aware of manufacturers instructionsUse safety equipment and guards as
instructedReport all equipment issues with supervisorsUse organisations appropriate documentation
as supplied

4  Key points for Maintenance of Floristry Equipment

Store tools and equipmentChoose Correct conditions to store toolsStore in an appropriate safe
location in accordance to the correct conditionsStore safely when transportingConsider the
environment when cleaning equipment.Contaminants into waterwaysWastage of
waterRecyclingStore tools and equipmentChoose Correct conditions to store toolsStore in an
appropriate safe location in accordance to the correct conditionsStore safely when
transportingConsider the environment when cleaning equipment.Contaminants into
waterwaysWastage of waterRecycling

5  Red and white Floristry scissors

Used for cutting through standard size stems of plant and flower material – most used toolOHS
issues – cutting/ slicing hands & cutting large stems such as native/ damage leading to RSIWipe
tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them away.Lubricating Oil: Such as boiled
linseed oil, Tung oil, lamp oil, or cooking oil, WD40When sharpening a fine metal file and a
sharpening stone can be used to hone edges.Used for cutting through standard size stems of plant
and flower material – most used toolOHS issues – cutting/ slicing hands & cutting large stems such
as native/ damage leading to RSIWipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing
them away.Lubricating Oil: Such as boiled linseed oil, tung oil, lamp oil, or cooking oil, WD40When
sharpening a fine metal file and a sharpening stone can be used to hone edges.

6  DrillA drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool attachment, usually a drill bit
or driver bit, used for drilling holes in various materials or fastening various materials together with
the use of fasteners.OHS/WHS issues - The drill bit has very sharp cutting edges so take care when
handling, wear safety glasses to protect your eyesLittle maintenance required, leads and plugs need
to be checked for damage, wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them
awayA drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool attachment or driving tool attachment, usually a drill bit
or driver bit, used for drilling holes in various materials or fastening various materials together with
the use of fasteners.OHS/WHS issues - The drill bit has very sharp cutting edges so take care when
handling, wear safety glasses to protect your eyesLittle maintenance required, leads and plugs need
to be checked for damage, wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them
away

7  Needle nose pliersGripping tool consisting of two hinged arms with usually serrated jaws that
close on the work piece.OHS/WHS issues – Wear safety glasses or goggles, where there is a
hazard from flying particles, pieces of wire, etc.Storage – stored away in toolboxWipe tools dry with
a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them awayGripping tool consisting of two hinged arms
with usually serrated jaws that close on the work piece.OHS/WHS issues – Wear safety glasses or
goggles, where there is a hazard from flying particles, pieces of wire, etc.Storage – stored away in
toolboxWipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them away

8  PliersGripping tool consisting of two hinged arms with usually serrated jaws that close on the work
piece.OHS issues – cut / crush fingersStorage – stored away in toolbox Wipe tools dry with a rag or
towel, or let them dry before storing them awayPliers should be coated with light oil when they are
not in use.They should be stored in a toolbox or a dry placeGripping tool consisting of two hinged
arms with usually serrated jaws that close on the work piece.OHS issues – cut / crush
fingersStorage – stored away in toolbox Wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before
storing them awayPliers should be coated with light oil when they are not in use.They should be
stored in a toolbox or a dry place

9  Wire cuttersWire cutters use pressure to make clean cuts in wires, most wire cutters are hand-
held tools similar to pliers.OHS issues – Wear safety glasses or goggles, where there is a hazard
from flying particles, pieces of wire.Storage – stored away in toolbox, wipe tools dry with a rag or
towel, or let them dry before storing them awayWire cutters should be coated with light oil when they
are not in use. They should be stored in a toolbox or a dry placeWire cutters use pressure to make
clean cuts in wires, most wire cutters are hand-held tools similar to pliers.OHS issues – Wear safety
glasses or goggles, where there is a hazard from flying particles, pieces of wire.Storage – stored
away in toolbox, wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them awayWire
cutters should be coated with light oil when they are not in use. They should be stored in a toolbox or
a dry place

10  KnifeA knife (plural knives) is a cutting tool with an exposed cutting edge or blade, hand-held or
otherwise, with or without a handle.Used for cutting through standard size stems of plant and flower
material, floral foamOHS issues – damage to hands, armsHandling - hold correctly, make sure the
knife is sharp,Slice away from your hand and keep your fingers clear of the blade.Wipe tools dry with
a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them awayA sharpening stone or steel can be used to
sharpen edges.A knife (plural knives) is a cutting tool with an exposed cutting edge or blade, hand-
held or otherwise, with or without a handle.Used for cutting through standard size stems of plant and
flower material, floral foamOHS issues – damage to hands, armsHandling - hold correctly, make
sure the knife is sharp,Slice away from your hand and keep your fingers clear of the blade.Wipe
tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them awayA sharpening stone or steel
can be used to sharpen edges.Storage in tool box in something like a tooth brush holder so you
don’t cut your self when reaching in you tool box

11  Budding Knife Specifications Budding Knives, gift knife, garden knife

Material: stainless steel blade ,plastic handlesize:165mmThey are available in Left and right handed
modelsSharpened on one side onlyAdded safetyMust be sharp

12  HammerAn instrument for driving in nails and beating metals, consisting of a head, usually of
steel or iron, fixed to a handleOHS/ WHS issues – Hit/ bash hands and or fingersStorage if in car
when driving should be stored so that can’t fly around under brakingDon’t strike a hardened steel
surface with a steel hammer, flying metal chips can injure you or a bystander.Never use a hammer
with a loose or broken handle. The hammer head could come flying off while in use, always replace
the handle if it’s loose or cracked.Wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing
them awayAn instrument for driving in nails and beating metals, consisting of a head, usually of steel
or iron, fixed to a handleOHS issues – Hit/ bash hands and or fingersDon’t strike a hardened steel
surface with a steel hammer, flying metal chips can injure you or a bystander.Never use a hammer
with a loose or broken handle. The hammer head could come flying off while in use, always replace
the handle if it’s loose or cracked.Wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing
them away

13  Bull nose PliersA gripping or cutting tool consisting of two hinged arms with usually serrated
jaws that close, some are used for twisting wires, and others are designed to be used for a
combination of tasks including cutting wire.OHS/WHS issues – Wear safety glasses or goggles,
where there is a hazard from flying particles, pieces of wire, etc.Storage – stored away in toolbox,
wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them awayPliers should be coated
with light oil when they are not in use. They should be stored in a toolbox or a dry placeA gripping or
cutting tool consisting of two hinged arms with usually serrated jaws that close, some are used for
twisting wires, and others are designed to be used for a combination of tasks including cutting
wire.OHS/WHS issues – Wear safety glasses or goggles, where there is a hazard from flying
particles, pieces of wire, etc.Storage – stored away in toolbox, wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or
let them dry before storing them awayPliers should be coated with light oil when they are not in use.
They should be stored in a toolbox or a dry place

14  SawHand saws are also known as "panel saws", they are used to cut through pieces of wood,
bamboo, logs, branches.OHS/WHS issues – cutting/ slicing handsHandling - hold correctly, make
sure the saw is sharp, Slice away from your body and keep your fingers clear of the
blade.Cleaning/maintenance - Wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them dry before storing them
awayA sharpening stone can be used to sharpen edgesHand saws are also known as "panel saws",
they are used to cut through pieces of wood, bamboo, logs, branches.OHS issues – cutting/ slicing
handsHandling - hold correctly, make sure the saw is sharp, Slice away from your body and keep
your fingers clear of the blade.Cleaning/maintenance - Wipe tools dry with a rag or towel, or let them
dry before storing them awayA sharpening stone can be used to sharpen edges

15  SecateursSmall pruning shears with a spring that holds the handles open and a single blade that
closes against a flat surface.Used for cutting through standard to medium size stems of plant and
flower materialOHS issues – cut, slice or crush hands or fingers. Safety glasses or goggles can be
worn where there is a hazard from flying particlesSecateurs should be coated with light oil when they
are not in use. They should be stored in a toolbox or a dry placeFine metal file and a sharpening
stone can be used to sharpen edges, Click here to see howClick here to view videos on cleaning
and maintenance of SecateursSmall pruning shears with a spring that holds the handles open and a
single blade that closes against a flat surface.Used for cutting through standard to medium size
stems of plant and flower materialOHS issues – cut, slice or crush hands or fingers. Safety glasses
or goggles can be worn where there is a hazard from flying particlesSecateurs should be coated with
light oil when they are not in use. They should be stored in a toolbox or a dry placeFine metal file
and a sharpening stone can be used to sharpen edges, Click here to see howClick here to view
videos on cleaning and maintenance of Secateurs

16  Step ladderStep ladder is a portable ladder designed with a supporting frame, and often has a
handle which projects from the top, and they come in a range of sizes.OHS - Open the stepladder
spreaders and shelf fully.Check stability. Ensure that all ladder feet are on a firm, level and non-
slippery surface.Place a step ladder at right angles to the work, with either the front or back of the
steps facing the work.Little maintenance - wipe ladder dry with a rag or towel, or let dry before
storing them away

17  Hot Glue Gun

18  Hot Glue GunInspect the glue gun for cracks in the handle and body. Make sure there isn't old
glue clogging the nozzle. If you find any type of damage to the glue gun or to the cord, do not use it!

19  Hot Glue GunTake the plug and insert it into an electrical outlet or wall socket

20  Hot Glue GunPlace the glue gun on a secure surface such as a table. Place a sheet of paper
underneath it to protect the surface area. Place a piece of aluminum foil under the nozzle of the glue
gun to catch the over-flow of glue that will run out of the nozzle. Be sure to keep your glue gun away
from open flames
21  Hot Glue GunInsert glue stick into the back of the glue gun. If there is already a glue stick in the
glue gun, wait until the glue gun warms up and then gently squeeze the trigger.

22  Hot Glue GunOnce the glue gun has been plugged in for a few minutes, gently squeeze the
trigger to see if the glue is hot enough to flow out of the nozzle.

23  Hot Glue GunHave all of your materials ready when starting a project. Try gluing a shape (heart)
from paper to a piece of card stock. Put a small amount of glue on the back of the heart and place
the heart on the card stock and press firmly.

24  References http://www.wikihow.com/Use-a-Glue-Gun

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