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INTERMEDIATE
MATHEMATICS – 2B
CIRCLE

IMPORTANT
DEFINITIONS
FORMULAE
IMP
QUESTIONS

NAME : ……………………………
GROUP : ……………………………
ROLL. NO : ………………………….
GOD is great
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CIRCLE
(2 + 2 + 4 + 7 + 7 = 22)
1.Circle :
The set of points in a plane which are at a constant
distance 'r' ( ≥ 0 ) from a fixed point C is called a
circle .

The fixed point C is called the centre of the

circle.
The constant distance 'r' is called the
radius of the circle .

Various forms of a Circle

2.General form of a circle :

General form of a circle is x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0.

Centre C = (-g, -f )
Radius ( r ) = √𝑔2 + 𝑓 2 + 𝑐

3.Standard form of a circle :

The equation of the circle with centre O( 0, 0) and radius 'r' is x2 + y2 = r2 .

Centre C = ( 0, 0)
Radius ( r ) = r

4.Centre – radius form of a circle :

The equation of the circle with centre at C(h,k) and
radius r is ( x- h )2 + ( y – k )2 = r2 .

Centre C = ( h,k )
Radius ( r ) = r

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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5.The general equation of second degree ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 where the coefficients a, h, b, g, f
and c are real numbers , represents a circle if and only if

i. a=b≠0
ii. h = 0 and
iii. g2 + f2 – ac ≥ 0

6.Point circle :
If the radius of a circle is 0 then it is called a point circle .

In this case the centre itself is the point circle .

The equation of a point circle having the centre at the origin is x2 + y2 = 0 .

7.Unit circle :
If the radius of a circle is 1 then it is called a unit circle .

8.Concentric circles :
Two or more circles are said to be concentric if their centres are same ( equal ) .

The equation of a circle concentric with the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 will be in the form of
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + k= 0.

9.The equation of a circle having the centre on the X – axis will be in the form of x2 + y2 + 2gx + c = 0.
( since y – coordinate of the centre is zero )

10. The equation of a circle having the centre on the Y – axis will be in the form of x2 + y2 + 2fy + c = 0 .

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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( since x – coordinate of the centre is zero )

11.The intercept made on the X – axis by the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is 2√𝑔2 − 𝑐 .

12. The intercept made on the Y – axis by the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is 2√𝑓 2 − 𝑐 .

13.Secant of a circle :

If A and B are two distinct points on a circle then the line ⃡𝐴𝐵 through A and B is called a secant .

14. Chord of a circle :

If A and B are two distinct points on a circle then the segment 𝐴𝐵 , the join of A and B is called a chord .

The length of the chord is denoted by AB .

15.Diameter of a circle :
A chord passing through the centre of a circle is called a diameter of the circle .

16.The equation of the circle whose diameter extremities are (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) and (𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) is
(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )(𝑥 − 𝑥2 ) + (𝑦 − 𝑦1 )(𝑦 − 𝑦2 ) = 0 .

17.The equation of the circle passing through three non collinear points P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) , 𝑄(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 )
and R(𝑥3 , 𝑦3 ) is

𝑥1 𝑦1 1 𝑐1 𝑦1 1 𝑥1 𝑐1 1 𝑥1 𝑦1 𝑐1
|𝑥2 𝑦2 2 2
1| (𝑥 + 𝑦 ) + |𝑐2 𝑦2 1|x + |𝑥2 𝑐2 1|y + |𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑐2 | = 0 where 𝑐𝑖 = - (𝑥𝑖 2 + 𝑦𝑖 2 ) , 𝔦 = 1, 2, 3
𝑥3 𝑦3 1 𝑐3 𝑦3 1 𝑥3 𝑐3 1 𝑥3 𝑦3 𝑐3

18.Concyclic points :
P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) , 𝑄(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) , R(𝑥3 , 𝑦3 ) and S(𝑥4 , 𝑦4 ) are said to be concyclic if these points lie on the same
circle .
𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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Parametric equations of a circle :

19. The parametric equations of a circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 are x = -g + rcos𝜃 , y = -f + rsin𝜃 .

20. The parametric equations of a circle x2 + y2 = r2 are x = rcos𝜃 , y = rsin𝜃 .

21. The parametric equations of a circle ( x- h )2 + ( y – k )2 = r2 are x = h + rcos𝜃 , y = k + rsin𝜃 .

22.Notations :

S = x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0.
𝑆1 = xx1 + yy1 + g( x + x1 ) + f( y + y1 ) + c
𝑆2 = xx2 + yy2 + g( x + x2 ) + f(y + y2 ) + c
𝑆11 = x12 + y12 + 2gx1 + 2fy1 + c
𝑆12 = x1x2 + y1y2 + g( x1 + x2 ) + f(y1 + y2 ) + c.

23. Position of a point with respect to a circle :

A circle in a plane divides the plane into three parts namely

( i ) the interior of the circle ( lies in the circle )

( ii ) the circumference which is the circular curve ( lies on the circle )

(iii ) the exterior of the circle ( out side the circle )

24.Let S = 0 be a circle in a plane and if P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) be any point in the same plane . Then
( i ) P lies in the interor of the circle ⟺ s11 < 0

( ii ) P lies on the circle ⟺ s11 = 0

(iii ) P lies in the exterior of the circle ⟺ s11 > 0

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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25.Tangent of a circle :
A tangent to a circle is a straight line which touches
the circle at only one point. This point is called the
point of tangency. The tangent to a circle is
perpendicular to the radius at the point of
tangency.

26.Length of tangent :
If P is an external point to the circle S = 0 and PT
is the tangent from P to the circle S = 0 then 𝑃𝑇 is
called the length of the tangent from P to the circle
. ( or )

The length of a tangent is equal to the length of a

line segment with end-points as the external point
and the point of contact. So, PA and PB are the
lengths of tangent to the circle from an external
point P.

27.If S = 0 is a circle and P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) is an external point with respect to S = 0 then the length of the tangent
from P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to S = 0 is √𝑆11 .

28. Power of a point :

Suppose S = 0 is the equation of a circle with centre C and radius r. Let P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) be any point in the
plane . Then CP2 – r2 is called the power of point p with respect to S = 0 .

29.The power of a point P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) with respect to the circle S = 0 is S11 .

30.The equation of a tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = r2 having slope m is y = mx ± √1 + 𝑚2 .

31. The equation of a tangent to the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 having slope m is

(𝑦 + 𝑓) = m(𝑥 + 𝑔) ± r √1 + 𝑚2 .

32. The equation of a tangent at 𝜃 of the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c is (𝑥 + 𝑔) cos 𝜃 + (𝑦 + 𝑓) sin 𝜃 = r .

33. The equation of a tangent at 𝜃 of the circle x2 + y2 = r2 is xcos𝜃 + ysin𝜃 = r .

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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34. The equation of a tangent at the point P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is S1 = 0
( 𝑆1 = xx1 + yy1 + g( x + x1 ) + f( y + y1 ) + c = 0 )

35. The equation of a tangent at the point P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to the circle x2 + y2 = r2 is x2 + y2 - r2 = 0 .

36.normal of a circle :

The normal of a circle at any point is a straight line which is perpendicular to the tangent at the point of
contact. The normal of the circle always passes through the center of the circle.

37. The equation of a normal at the point P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is

(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )(𝑦1 + 𝑓) + (𝑦 − 𝑦1 )(𝑥1 + 𝑔) = 0 .

38. The equation of a normal at the point P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to the circle x2 + y2 = r2 is xy1 – yx1 = 0 .

39.If 𝜃1 (−𝑔 + 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃1 , −𝑓 + 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1 ) and 𝜃2 (−𝑔 + 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃2 , −𝑓 + 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃2 ) are two points on

x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 then the equation of the chord joining these points is
𝜃1 + 𝜃2 𝜃1 + 𝜃2 𝜃1 − 𝜃2
(𝑥 + 𝑔) cos ( ) + (𝑦 + 𝑓) sin ( ) = rsin ( ).
2 2 2

40. If 𝜃1 (−𝑔 + 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃1 , −𝑓 + 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃1 ) and 𝜃2 (−𝑔 + 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃2 , −𝑓 + 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃2 ) are two points on x2 + y2 = r2
the the equation of the chord joining these points is

𝜃1 + 𝜃2 𝜃1 + 𝜃2 𝜃1 − 𝜃2
𝑥 cos ( ) + 𝑦 sin ( ) = rsin ( ).
2 2 2

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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41.The tangential condition for the line ax + by + c = 0 to the circle S = 0 is r = d .

42.If d is the perpendicular distance from the centre of the cicle and r is the radius , the length of the chord
is 2 √𝑟 2 − 𝑑2 .

43.the tangential condition for the line

( i ) y = mx + c and the circle x2 + y2 = r2 is c2 = r2 ( 1+ m2 ) .

( ii ) lx + my + n = 0 and the circle x2 + y2 = r2 is n2 = r2 ( l2 + m2 ) .

44.The condition for the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 to touch

( I ) the X – axis is c = g2 .

( ii ) the Y – axis is c = f2

( iii ) both the axes is c = g2 = f2 .

𝜃 𝑟
45.If 𝜃 is the angle between the tangents through a point P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to the circle S = 0 then tan 2 = .
√𝑠11

46.chord of contact :
If the tangents drawn from an external point P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to a circle S = 0 touch the circle at the points A and
B then the secant ⃡𝐴𝐵 is called the chord of contact of P with respect to S = 0 .

47.If P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) is an exterior point to the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 then the equation of the chord of
contact of P with respect to S = 0 is S1 = 0 .

48.Pole and Polar :

Let S = 0 be a circle and P be any point in plane other than the centre of S = 0 . If any line drawn through the
point P meets the circle in two points Q and R , then the points of intersection of tangents drawn at Q and R lie
on a line called polar P and P is called pole of the polar .

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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49.The equation of the polar of 𝑃(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) with respect to S = 0 is S1 = 0 .

−𝑎2 𝑙 −𝑎2 𝑚
50.The pole of lx + my + n = 0 with respect to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 is ( 𝑛
, 𝑛
).

51. The pole of lx + my + n = 0 with respect to the circle x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is

𝑙𝑟 2 𝑚𝑟 2
(−𝑔 + lg + 𝑚𝑓−𝑛
, −𝑓 +
lg + 𝑚𝑓−𝑛
).

52.Conjugate points :
Two points P and Q are said to be conjugate points with respect to the circle S = 0 , if Q lies on the polar of P.

53. The condition that the points P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑄(𝑥2 , 𝑦2 ) are conjugate points with respect to the circle S = 0
is S12 = 0 .

54. Conjugate lines :

If P and Q are conjugate points with respect to the circle S = 0 then the polars of P and Q are called conjugate
lines with respect to the circle S = 0 .

55.The condition for the lines l1x + m1y + n1 = 0 and l2x + m2y + n2 = 0 are conjugate with respect to the circle

x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 is r2 ( l1l2 + m1m2 ) = (l1g + m1f – n1 ) ( l2g + m2f – n2 ) .

56. The condition for the lines l1x + m1y + n1 = 0 and l2x + m2y + n2 = 0 are conjugate with respect to the circle

x2 + y2 = r2 is r2 ( l1l2 + m1m2 ) = n1n2 .

57.Inverse points with respect to a circle :

Let S = 0 be a circle with centre C and radius r . Two points P and Q are said to be invrse points with respect
to S = 0 if ( i ) C , P , Q are collinear ( ii ) P , Q lies on the same side of C (iii) CP.CQ = r2 .

The inverse of the point P with respect to the circle S = 0 is the foot of the perpendicular from the
centre of the circle S = 0 to the polar of P .
𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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58.If P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) is the mid point of a chord AB ( other than the diameter ) of the circle S = 0 then the equation of
secant ⃡𝐴𝐵 is 𝑠1 = 𝑠11 .

59.Common tangent of a circles :

A straight line L is said to be a common tangents to the circles S= 0 and S' = 0 if it is tangent
to both S = 0 and S' = 0 .

60.Touch each other of two circles :

Two circles are said to be touching each other if they have only one common tangent .

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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61.Direct common tangents :

A common tangent L = 0 of the circles S = 0 and S' = 0 is said to be a direct common tangent
of the circles if the two circles S = 0 and S' = 0 lie on the same side of L = 0 .

62.Transverse common tangents :

A common tangent L = 0 of the circles S = 0 and S' = 0 is said to be a transverse common

tangent of the circles if the two circles S = 0 and S' = 0 lie on the opposite ( either) side of L = 0

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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63.External centre of similitude :

Let S = 0 and S' = 0 be two circles . the point of intersection of direct common tangents of
S = 0 and S' = 0 is called external centre of similitude .

64. Internal centre of similitude :

Let S = 0 and S' = 0 be two circles . the point of intersection of tranverse common tangents
of S = 0 and S' = 0 is called internal centre of similitude .

65.Relative position of two circles :

Let C1 , C2 be the centres and r1 , r2 be the radii of two circles S = 0 and S' = 0 respectively
.Furthur let 𝐶1 𝐶2 represents the line segment C1 to C2 .

The following cases cases arise with regard to the relative position of two circles .

( i ) Case – 1 : 𝒄𝟏 𝒄𝟐 > 𝒓𝟏 + 𝒓𝟐

In this case the two circles do not intersect and one circle will be away from the
other .

No. of direct common tangents = 2

No. of transverse common tangents = 2
Total No. of common tangents = 4

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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( ii ) Case – 2 : 𝒄𝟏 𝒄𝟐 = 𝒓𝟏 + 𝒓𝟐

In this case the two circles touch each other externally .

No. of direct common tangents = 2

No. of transverse common tangents = 1
Total No. of common tangents = 3

( iii ) Case – 3 : |𝒓𝟏 − 𝒓𝟐 | < 𝒄𝟏 𝒄𝟐 < 𝒓𝟏 + 𝒓𝟐

In ths case the two circles intersect in two distinct points .

No. of direct common tangents = 2

No. of transverse common tangents = 0
Total No. of common tangents = 2

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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( iv ) Case – 4 : 𝒄𝟏 𝒄𝟐 = |𝒓𝟏 − 𝒓𝟐 |

In this case the two circles touch each other internally .

No. of direct common tangents = 1

No. of transverse common tangents = 0
Total No. of common tangents = 1

( v ) Case – 5 : 𝒄𝟏 𝒄𝟐 < |𝒓𝟏 − 𝒓𝟐 |

In this case the two circles do not intersect/touch and one circle will be
completely inside the other .

No. of direct common tangents = 0

No. of transverse common tangents = 0
𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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Total No. of common tangents = 0

Note : If 𝒄𝟏 𝒄𝟐 = 0 then the centres of the two cicles coincide and they are
concentric circles

66. The combined equation of the pair of tangents drawn from an external point

P (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to the circle S = 0 is SS11 = S12 .

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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IMP LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS ( 7 MARKS QUESTIONS ) :

MODEL - 1

1.Find the equation of the circle passing through (1, 1) , (2, 1), (3, 2) .

2.Find the equation of the circle passing through (3, 4) , (3, 2), (1, 4) .

3. Find the equation of the circle passing through (5, 7) , (8, 1), (1, 3) .

4. Find the equation of the circle passing through (2, 1) , (5, 5), (−6, 7).

5. Find the equation of the circle passing through (1, 2) , (3, −4), (1, 3).

MODEL – 2

6.If (2, 0), (0, 1) (4, 5) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (0, 𝐶) are concyclic then find C .

7.Show that the following four points in each of the following are concyclic and find the equation of the
circle on which they lie .

(i). (1, 1), (−6, 0), (−2, 2) , (−2, −8)

(ii). (9, 1), (7, 9), (−2, 12) , (6, 10)

(iii). (1, 2), (3, −4), (5, −6) , (19, 8)

(iv). (1, −6), (5, 2), (7, 0) , (−1, −4).

MODEL – 3

8.Find the equation of a circle which passes through (4, 1), (6, 5) and having the centre on
4x + 3y – 24 + 0 .

9. Find the equation of a circle which passes through (2, −3), (−4, 5) and having the centre on
4x + 3y + 1 = 0 .

10. Find the equation of a circle which passes through (4, 1), (6, 5) and having the centre on
4x + y – 16 = 0 .

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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MODEL – 4

11.Show that the circles x2 + y2 – 6x – 2y + 1 = 0 , x2 + y2 + 2x – 8y + 13 = 0 touch each other. Find the point of
contact and the equation of common tangent at their point of contact .

12.Show that the circles x2 + y2 – 6x – 9y + 13 = 0 , x2 + y2 - 2x – 16y = 0 touch each other. Find the point of
contact and the equation of common tangent at their point of contact .

13.Show that the circles x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y - 12 = 0 , x2 + y2 + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0 touch each other. Find the point
of contact and common tangent at this point of contact .

14. Show that the circles x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y - 12 = 0 , 5(x2 + y2) - 8x - 14y - 32 = 0 touch each other. Find the
point of contact.

MODEL – 5

15.Find the direct common tangents of the circles x2 + y2 + 22x – 4y – 100 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 22x + 4y + 100 = 0 .

16.Find the transverse common tangents of the circles x2 + y2 – 4x – 10y + 28 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 4 = 0.

MODEL – 6

17.The combined equation of the pair of tangents drawn from an external point P(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) to the circle S = 0

is SS11 = S12 .

18.Find the equations of circles which touch 2x – 3y + 1 = 0 at (1, 1 ) and having radius √13 .

19.Find the equation of circle which touch the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 20 = 0 externally at (5, 5) with radius 5.

20. Find the equation of circle which touch the circle x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 12 = 0 internally at (-1, 1) with radius 2.

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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Matrices
IMP SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS ( 4 MARKS QUESTIONS )

MODEL – 1

1. If a point P is moving such that the lengths of the tangents from P to the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 = 0 and
x2 + y2 + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0 are in the ratio 2 : 3 then find the equation of the locus of P .

2. If a point P is moving such that the lengths of the tangents from P to the circle x 2 + y2 – 2x + 4y – 20 = 0 and
x2 + y2 - 2x - 8y + 1 = 0 are in the ratio 2 : 1 then show that the equation of the locus of P is

x2 + y2 – 2x – 12y + 8 = 0 .

3. If a point P is moving such that the lengths of the tangents from P to the circle x 2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 = 0 and
x2 + y2 + 8x + 12y + 15 = 0 are equal then find the equation of the locus of P .

MODEL – 2

4.Find the pole of x+ y +2 = 0 with respect to the circle x2 + y2 -4x + 6y – 12 = 0 .

5. Find the pole of 3x+ 4y - 45 = 0 with respect to the circle x2 + y2 -6x - 8y + 5 = 0 .

6. Find the pole of x - 2y + 22 = 0 with respect to the circle x2 + y2 -5x + 8y + 6 = 0 .

MODEL – 3

7.Find the angle between the tangents drawn from (3, 2 ) to the circle x2 + y2 – 6x + 4y – 2 = 0 .

8. Find the angle between the tangents drawn from (1, 3 ) to the circle x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y – 11 = 0 .

9. Find the angle between the tangents drawn from (0, 0 ) to the circle x2 + y2 – 14x + 2y + 25 = 0 .
Find the condition that the tangents drawn from (0, 0) to S≡ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑔𝑥 + 2𝑓𝑦 + 𝑐 be
Perpendicular to each other . TS May - 2016

MODEL - 4

10.Find the length of the chord intercepted by the circle x2 + y2 – x + 3y – 22 = 0 on the line y = x – 3 .

11. Find the length of the chord intercepted by the circle x2 + y2 – 8x – 2y – 8 = 0 on the line x + y + 1 = 0 .

12. Find the length of the chord formed by x2 + y2 = a2 on the line xcos𝛼 + ysin𝛽 = p .

MODEL – 5
𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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Matrices
13.Show that x+ y + 1 = 0 touches the circle x2 + y2 – 3x + 7y + 14 = 0 and find its point of contact .

14.Find the equation of the circle with centre (2, 3 ) and touching the line 3x – 4y + 1 = 0.

15. Find the equation of the circle with centre (-2, 3) cutting a chord length 2 units on 3x + 4y + 4 = 0.

16.Find equations of tanents to the circle x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 12 = 0 which are parallel to x + y – 8 = 0 .

( Do the problem taking the line x + 2y – 8 = 0 instead of x + y – 8 = 0 )

17. Find equations of tanents to the circle x2 + y2 + 2x - 2y – 3 = 0 which are parallel to 3x - y + 4 = 0 .

18.Find the equation of tangent and normal at (3, 2) of the circle x2 + y2 – x – 3y – 4 = 0 .

19. Find the equation of tangent and normal at (1, 1) of the circle 2x2 + 2y2 – 2x – 5y + 3 = 0 .

20.Find the equations of tangents to x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y = 0 at (3, -1). Also find the equation of tangent
Parallel to it .

Find the equation circle whose centre lie on the X – axis and passing through ( -2, 3) and (4, 5).
AP March 2015

MODEL – 6

21.If the abscissae of points A, B are the roots of the equation x2 + 2ax – b2 = 0 and ordinates of A , B are

roots of y2 + 2py – q2 = 0 then find the equation of a circle for which 𝐴𝐵 is a diameter .

22.Show that A(-3, 0) lies on the circle x2 + y2 + 8x + 12y + 15 = 0 .and find the other end of diameter
through A.

23. Show that A(3, -1) lies on the circle x2 + y2 - 2x + 4y = 0 .Also find the other end of diameter through A.

24.Prove that the tangent at (3, -2) of the circle x2 + y2 = 13 touches the circle x2 + y2 + 2x – 10y – 26 = 0 and
Find its point of contact .

Show that the tangent at (-1, 2) of the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 8y + 7 = 0 touches the circle
x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y = 0 .also find its point of contact . BOARD MODEL PAPER

25.Find the mid point of the chord intercepted by x2 + y2 – 2x – 10y + 1 = 0 on the line x- 2y + 7 = 0 .

26.Find the inverse ppoint of (-2, 3) with respect to the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 9 = 0 .

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle
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Matrices
27.Show tha the lines 2x + 3y + 11 = 0 and 2x – 2y – 1 = 0 are conjugate with respect to the circle
x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y – 12 = 0 .

Find the value of K , if Kx + 3y – 1 = 0 , 2x +y + 5 = 0 are conjugate lines with respect to the circle
x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 4 = 0 . TS May - 2015

Miscellaneous problems

28.Find the area of the triangle formed by the tangent at P(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 )to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 with
Coordinate axes where 𝑥1 𝑦1 ≠ 0 .

29.Find the area of the triangle formed by the normal at (3, -4) to the circle x2 + y2 – 22x – 4y + 25 = 0
With the coordinate axes .

30.If 𝜃1 , 𝜃2 are the angles of inclination of tangents through a point P to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 then find
the locus of P when cot𝜃1 + cot𝜃2 = k .

31.If the chord of contact of P with respect to the circle x2 + y2 = a2 cut the circle at A and B such that
AôB = 90° the show that p lies on the circle x2 + y2 = 2a2 .

32.Show that poles of the tangents to the circles x2 + y2 = a2 with respect to the circle (𝑥 + 𝑎)2 + 𝑦 2 = 2𝑎2
lies on y2 + 4ax = 0 .

𝐁𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐚𝐫𝐮 𝐂𝐡𝐢𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐣𝐞𝐞𝐯𝐢
𝐌. 𝐒𝐜. , 𝐁. 𝐄𝐝. ,
Maths - 2B Circle