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What Are The Five Categories of Health and Safety? or Defined The Terms Hazard?
What Are The Five Categories of Health and Safety? or Defined The Terms Hazard?
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RISK ASSESSMENT:
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ELEMENT 5
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3. Near miss
4. Dangerous occurrence
5. Ill health incident.
As per bird triangles these are the numbers:
For every 1 serious injury there are 10 minor injuries and 30 damage only and 600 incidents
Task analysis:
This method help to identifying hazards before work start. There is useful acronym for tasks analysis:
1. Select the task 2. Records the steps or stages of the task
3. Evaluate the risks associated with each step. 4. Develop the safe working method
5. Implement the safe working method 5. Monitor to ensure it is effective.
Legislation:
Knowledge of the legal standards that apply to a particular workplace is an important.
Manufacturer information:
When new substance is purchased it comes with labels and MSDS that clearly identify hazards.
Incident Data:
Internal accident and near miss data can be useful in identifying hazards
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ELEMENT 5
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1. Physical – things which cause harm because of their physical characteristics e.g. electricity,
work at height, radiation, vibration, noise, heat, trip hazards.
2. Chemical – things which can cause harm because of their chemical characteristics e.g lead,
mercury, sulphuric acid, cement dust etc.
3. Biological – living micro organism that cause disease and ill health e.g. hepatitis B virus,
legionella bacteria.
4. Ergonomic – stress and strain put on the body through posture and movement e.g. frequent
repetitive handling of small boxes.
5. Psychological – things that have the potential to cause injury to the mind rather than the body
e.g. exposure to highly traumatic event.
State the five steps involved in risk assessment? Or
Explained the five steps or approach to risk assessment?
Principles and practice of risk assessment:
There are five steps to risk assessment:
1. Identify the hazards
2. Identify the people who might be harmed and how.
3. Evaluate the risk and decide on precautions.
4. Records the significant findings and implement them
5. Review and update as necessary
Identifying Hazards:
Hazards are the things with the potential to cause harm. It is important to identify both safety and
health hazards. The hazards identification might be done by task analysis, manufacturers information of
inspection of workplace.
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ELEMENT 5
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3. Prioritization
4. Timescale
1. Clarity of thinking:
People are more carefully think about likelihood and severity of injury. It is giving accurate
result.
2. Consistency of approach:
Different people can use this system and will get similar result.
3. Prioritization:
It is possible to easily separate out the various risks presented by several hazards and rank them
in order
4. Timescale:
It is even possible to allocate particular timescales to the risk rating that are calculated using this
type of system.
Residual risk:
If the residual risk is low then it might be considered
Acceptable Risk:
The existing control are adequate nothing more need be done.
Tolerable:
Tolerable implies that it is not acceptable but can be tolerated for a short time while interim control are
put into place.
Unacceptable:
Implies that the risk level is too high for work to be allowed
State the principles which underlie the order of the general control hierarchy?
General Control Hierarchy:
If the risk is unacceptable then controls must be introduced to either eliminate hazards or create safe
place or a safe person. Any residual risk must be acceptable
1. Eliminate the hazard
Remove the source of the risk. This is most effective option since removal of the hazards
eliminates the risk associated with the hazards
2. Create a safe place:
Use engineering control to change the hazard itself or guard or enclose the hazard in some way
to prevent people coming into contact with it.
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ELEMENT 5
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Use of standards:
Legal standards can often be used to indicate what level of risk is acceptable.
If there are clear legal standards about the control that should be applied to particular hazard in a
workplace then the use of scoring system and risk prioritization and timescales will become unneeded.
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ELEMENT 5
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Disabled workers:
During the risk assessment process it may be necessary to:
Identify certain health and fitness criteria for some jobs then screen staff against these criteria
Identify workers with known disabilities and consider what the implications of their particular
type and level of disability
Lone workers:
People who work entirely on their own for periods of time like service engineers who spends four hours
alone in a plant room servicing machinery is a lone worker.
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