STRUCTURE/GRAMMAR

PARTS OF SPEECH

There are 8 parts of speech in English (Wren & Martin, 2005), they are:
 Noun
 Pronoun
 Adjective
 Verb
 Adverb
 Preposition
 Conjunction
 Interjection

1. NOUN
According to Wren and Martin (2005), noun is a word used as the name of a
person, place or thing. Next they also mention that noun can be divided into Common
Noun, Proper Noun, Collective Noun and Abstract Noun.
EXAMPLES
1. William is a teacher. (William is a Proper Noun and teacher is a Common
Noun.)
2. Yesterday I saw a crowd of people in front of parliament building. (Crowd is
Collective Noun.)
3. He is popular for his kindness. (Kindness is an Abstract Noun.)

Finally, they mention that noun can also be divided into Countable Noun and
Uncountable Noun.

EXAMPLES
 Book, pen, apple (Countable Noun)
 Milk, sugar, gold, honesty (Uncountable Noun)

2. PRONOUN
Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun (Wren & Martin: 2005).
EXAMPLES
1. Rebecca and Elisabeth cannot come to the meeting because they are sick.
2. My mother and I will go to Yogyakarta. We will stay at Ambarukmo hotel.

3. ADJECTIVE
Adjective is a word used to add something to the meaning of a noun (Wren & Martin:
2005).
EXAMPLES
1. Jakarta is a large city. (The word large is an adjective.)
 2. My mother buys some apples. (The word some is an adjective.)
3. My sister has experienced many problems. (The word many is an adjective.)

4. VERB
Verb is a word used to express an action or state (Wren & Martin: 2005).
EXAMPLES
1. I wrote a letter yesterday.
2. He runs very quickly.

5. ADVERB
Adverb is a word used to add something to the meaning of a verb, an adjective, or
another adverb (Wren & Martin: 2005).
EXAMPLES
1. He works carefully.
2. He works very carefully.
3. He is very handsome.

6. PREPOSITION
Preposition is a word used with a noun or a pronoun to show how the person or thing
denoted by the noun or pronoun stands in relation to something else (Wren & Martin:
2005).
EXAMPLES
1. I live in Palembang.
2. I live on Jalan Padi 2.
3. I live at Jalan Padi 2 Block A No. 11.
4. We read the books in the library.

7. CONJUNCTION
Conjunction is a word used to join words or sentences (Wren & Martin: 2005).
EXAMPLES
1. Niniek and I are sisters.
2. I go to school and Ani goes to school too.

8. INTERJECTION
Interjection is a word which expresses some sudden feeling (Wren & Martin: 2005).
EXAMPLES
1. What a good idea!
2. Hurrah! We will have a picnic tomorrow.
3. Alas! We lost the game.

EXERCISE
Choose the correct answers!
1. Charles is very well-known with his …………..
a. honest b. honesty c. honestly d. dishonest
2. His …………..cannot be ignored.
a. strong b. strength c. strongly d. weak
3. Mr. William should think about the complicated ……… before he decides to
do it.
a. bureaucracy b. bureaucratically
c. bureaucratic d. difficult
4. His father needs his …………………..
a. assist b. assists c. assistance d. assisting
5. Olivia noticed the ……………………..of her children.
a. develop b. developed c. development d. developing
6. It is difficult to find………………………neighbors around here.
a. friend b. friends c. friendly d. friendliness
7. The………………trains the participants how to develop the leadership style.
a. instruct b. instructor c. instruction d. instructing
8. Mrs. Fatimah Omar is our new ………………. She is clever at cooking.
a. neighbor b. neighbors c. neighborhood d. neighboring
9. Every party should pay serious attention to our……………..
a. educate b. to educate c. educating d. education
10. She did her best effort to ………………..her children.
a. educate b. educated c. educates d. education
11. Old people needs our attention, assistance, and ………………….
a. protect b. protects c. protectors d. protection
12. Elisabeth is a good ........in her era.
a. write b. writes c. writer d. writing
13. This best …………………. book attracts his attention.
a. sell b. sells c. selling d. seller
14. Al has been ……………..as a disc-jockey for two years.
a. work b. works c. worked d. working
15. Nathan is a …………………. He works at the cafeteria for five years.
a. sing b. sings c. singing d. singer
16. Jonathan leads his friends …………………….. He is really a good leader.
a. enthusiastic b. enthusiastically
c. enthusiasm d. enthusiast
17. Caroline is a good ……………………... She delivers her speech amazingly.
a. speak b. speaks c. speaking d. speaker
18. Hannah is a good ………….. She helps the manager arranging the schedule.
a. secretary b. secretariat c. secret d. secretly
19. He is an ……………... One of his jobs is to make coffee for the boss.
a. office boy b. officer
c. secretary d. leader
20. Wilhelmina is a ………………….. in a very famous firm.
a. law b. lawyer c. laws d. lawyers
21. William is an engineering student. He wants to be an…………..
a. engineering b. engineer c. engine d. engineers
22. Ruth Smith is an English teacher. She …………………..English every day.
a. teach b. teacher c. teaches d. teaching
23. His………………………….cannot be forgotten by everybody.
a. kind b. kind’s c. kindness d. kindly
24. Suleiman reads many science ……………………..every day.
a. book b. books c. booking d. broker
25. Jamal uses pen to …………..novels.
a. write b. writer c. writing d. writes
26. There are many ……………..on the table.
a. apple b. apples c. wine d. rice
27. Rebecca and Elizabeth cannot come to the meeting because …………..are
sick.
a. they b. them c. their d. theirs
28. We have to give ……….big appreciation to our parents because of their
sacrifices.
a. we b. our c. ours d. us
29. Jakarta is the ………………city in Indonesia.
a. large b. larger c. largest d. long
30. My mother buys many good……………………
a. novels b. novel c. orange d. wine
31. My sister has ………………………..many big problems.
a. experience b. experiences
c. experienced d. experiencing
32. I ……………….a letter yesterday.
a. write b. writes c. wrote d. writing
33. He runs very ………………………
a. quick b. quickly c. quicker d. slow
34. He works very…………………………….
a. careful b. care c. carefully d. careless
35. I live ……………Palembang.
a. in b. on c. at d. about
36. We read the books ………………….the library.
a. in b. on c. at d. about
37. Nonie and I …………….sisters.
a. is b. am c. are d. was
38. I go to school and Ana …………….to school too.
a. Go b. goes c. going d. went
39. Hurrah! We will have a picnic ……………..
a. yesterday b. today c. tomorrow d. a week ago
40. My friend, Mona, is a very …………………………..student.
a. diligent b. diligently c. carefully d. carelessly
41. The oranges that my father bought yesterday……………..very fresh.
a. is b. are c. was d. were
42. Jonathan ………………………..his assignment on time.
 a. submit b. submits c. submitted d. submitting
43. Toni……………………a wedding party last Friday.
a. attend b. attended c. attending d. attention
44. Michael drinks too much …………………..
a. oranges b. money c. wine d. watermelon
45. The students always…………….here to look for new books.
a. come b. comes c. came d. coming
46. The big house surrounded by ……………..fence is my house.
a. wood b. woods c. wooden d. wool
47. Hannah’s father is a business ……………...
a. man b. men c. woman d. women
48. The ………………girl who sits at the corner has many friends.
a. smile b. smiling c. smiles d. smiled
49. Charles was the last to …………….at the church yesterday morning.
a. arrive b. arrives c. arrived d. arriving
50. Our uncle began to ……………………in Jakarta ten years ago.
a. live b. lives c. lived d. living
51. This is my pen. This is ……………..
a. my b. mine c. I d. me
52. Donny is our friend. He is a friend of …………….
a. we b. our c. ours d. us
53. Ruth William is my teacher. The teacher is ……………….
a. I b. my c. me d. mine
54. Those are your books. Those books are …………..…
a. you b. your c. yours d. her
55. This is Michael’s pencil. This pencil is …………….
a. he b. his c. him d. she
56. This is her bag. This bag is …………..…
a. she b. her c. hers d. him
57. Annabelle is her mother. Annabelle is …………….…
a. she b. her c. hers d. him
58. Mr. Andy Brown is our father. Mr. Andy Brown is the father of ……………
a. we b. our c. us d. ours
59. This is Wendy’s bulletin. This bulletin is ………………….
a. he b. him c. his d. her
60. Those are their cats. Those cats are …………………
a. we b. our c. ours d. us
61. The novel is very interesting but I do not have enough money to buy……...
a. the b. them c. it d. its
62. Yesterday I met a beautiful woman. ………….wanted to meet Mr. William.
a. He b. She c. They d. Them
63. My mother likes to eat apple pie. She makes ……. every day.
a. its b. their c. it d. they
64. Linda and Hartman went to Jakarta five years ago and now….are coming
home.
a. They b. Their c. Them d. Theirs
65. . ……have been living in Palembang for five years.
a. He b. She c. They d. It
66. Paul is an engineer. ………….…works in Bandung.
a. He b. His c. Him d. Her
67. The oranges on the table in the kitchen…….…hers.
a. is b. are c. does d. was
68. Nathan is very different ………his cousin.
a. for b. from c. with d. to
69. The students should go to school early in the morning because………....have
to be at school at seven o’clock.
a. He b. She c. They d. We
70. Are they interested………….making brownies?
a. in b. with c. on d. by
71. Mr. Johnson likes to see the subordinates who ………..smart and polite.
a. is b. are c. were d. has
72. My grandfather always …………us some heroic stories.
a. tell b. tells c. telling d. told
73. Marten bought five pens yesterday but he forgot where he put …………..
a. he b. him c. they d. them
74. I like to read mystery novels in my spare time because……are very
interesting.
a. they b. their c. theirs d. them
75. My father …………..home on weekends from his worksite outside of the
town.
a. come b. comes c. came d. coming
76. Jonathan has ……………….to Europe since two years ago.
a. go b. goes c. going d. gone
77. There …………..five apples on the table in the kitchen.
a. is b. are c. has d. were
78. His parent …………very kind to me.
a. is b. are c. has d. does
79. Michael can ………his speech well because he is smart and his English is
good.
a. deliver b. delivers c. delivered delivering
80. My daughter wanted to make a …………….so she went to the supermarket to
buy eggs, flour and sugar.
a. cup b. cap c. cake d. card
81. Jonathan and his parents……… ….in Toronto.
a. live b. lives c. living d. lived
82. Michael is good at physics and ……………………but she is bad at English.
a. mathematic b. mathematics
 c. mathematical d. mathematician
83. Mr. Norman was a legend. He was ……………..as a super star in his era.
a. know b. knew c. knowing d. known
84. I live in Medan but my husband …………..in Palembang.
a. live b. lives c. living d. lived
85. My husband and I are planning to go to Cambodia for three weeks …………
a. last week b. next week
c. a week before d. this morning
86. My colleague will …………….the project as soon as possible.
a. complete b. completion
c. completing d. completed
87. Do you …………………television before you go to bed?
a. watch b. watches c. watched d. watching
88. My father …………………a new car for me last week.
a. buy b. buys c. buying d. bought
89. My father was reading newspaper when I …………home last night.
a. go b. going c. went d. gone
90. My mother ……………..some clothes when my father asked her to watch TV.
a. iron b. was ironing c. was ironed d. is ironed
91. Marten and his friends will ……………his new business in property next
week.
a. launch b. launching c. launched d. have launched
92. Jonathan is repairing his printer when she …………………the door.
a. knock b. knocks c. knocking d. knocked
93. My father usually swims in the swimming …………with my mother on
Sundays.
a. yard b. pool c. site d. suit
94. Ruth might be ill because I did not see her .................to the wedding ceremony
this evening.
a. go b. to go c. went d. gone
95. Who is the beautiful lady………………….at the table?
a. sit b. sits c. sitting d. sat
96. …………………………is not good for our health.
a. Smoking b. Smoke c. Smokes d. Smoked
97. The workshop has not been ………………….
a. organize b. organized c. organizing d. organization
98. The bell boy is greeting the guests ………………..into the hotel.
a. come b. came c. coming d. champion
99. The secretary is ……………the files.
a. organize b. organizing
c. organization d. organizer
100. Suzanne will ………………….a business trip with her boss.
a. has b. have c. had d. having