TP4958 - Simulated Electronic Navigation Courses - Nov PDF

TP 4958E
(11/2018)
SIMULATED ELECTRONIC
NAVIGATION COURSES
REVISON 3
NOVEMBER 2018
NOTICE: Course providers and users of this document are advised that this TP remains a draft
copy under revision. Since the Marine Personnel Regulations are currently under review, the
content of this TP may change.
Responsible Authority Approval
The Executive Director, Marine Personnel

Standards and Medicine is responsible for
this document, including any change,
correction, or update.
Executive Director, Marine Personnel Standards and
Medicine
Marine Safety
Date signed: __________________________________
Original Date Issued: July 2000 Date Revised: November 2018
© Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Transport, 2000.
Permission is granted, by Transport Canada, to copy this TP 4958E as required. While use of
this material has been authorized, Transport Canada shall not be responsible for the manner in which the
information is presented, nor for any interpretations thereof. This TP 4958E may not be updated to reflect
amendments made to the original content. For up-to-date information, contact Transport Canada.
TP 4958E
(11/2018)
DOCUMENT INFORMATION
Title SIMULATED ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION COURSES
TP No. 4958E Edition 3 RDIMS #
Catalogue No. ISBN
Originator Marine Personnel Standards Telephone 1-855-859-3123 (Toll Free) or 613-991-3120
AMSP)
Tower C, Place de Ville Fax
th
330 Sparks St., 8 floor E-mail marinesafety-securitemaritime@tc.gc.ca
Ottawa, ON URL http://www.tc.gc.ca/marinesafety/
REVISIONS
Last Review November 2018
Next Review
Revision No. Date of Affected Author(s) Brief Description of Change
Issue Pages
1 July 2007 All Capt. George Ianiev Complete revision of the publication and change
document Capt. Zenon in the template
Szlachetka
Capt. Jules St-
Laurent
2 June 2008 All Multimedia Change in template
document Publishing Services
3 Nov 2018 All AMSPN Complete revision of the publication and change
document in the template to incorporate STCW Manila
Amendments.
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ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. General ..................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background........................................................................................................................1
1.2 Purpose ..............................................................................................................................1
1.3 Goals ..................................................................................................................................1
1.4 Implementation ..................................................................................................................1
1.5 Hours of Course Outlines ..................................................................................................2
1.6 Class Size and Student/Instructor Ratio .............................................................................2
1.7 Course Manuals .................................................................................................................2
1.8 Classrooms And Simulator Equipment ..............................................................................3
1.9 Attendance .........................................................................................................................3
1.10 Equivalency between old and new courses ........................................................................4
1.11 Foreign Equivalencies .......................................................................................................4
1.12 Refresher Course and renewal of Examination .................................................................5
2. Simulator Instructor ............................................................................................... 6

2.1 Definition ...........................................................................................................................6
2.2 Training and Certification-General ....................................................................................6
2.3 Training Program for New Instructors...............................................................................7
3. Approval of Training Courses ................................................................................ 8

3.1 General ..............................................................................................................................8
3.2 Recognized Institution .......................................................................................................8
3.3 Course Material-Simualated Exercises ..............................................................................8
3.4 Course Approvals ..............................................................................................................9
4. Training and Assessment ...................................................................................... 10

4.1 General ............................................................................................................................10
4.2 Familiarization with the Simulator Equipment ................................................................10
4.3 Simulated Exercises .........................................................................................................10
4.4 Marking ...........................................................................................................................11
5. Simulated Electronic Navigation Limited (SEN-L)............................................ 13

5.1 Course ..............................................................................................................................13
5.2 Equipment Requirements.................................................................................................13
5.3 Pre-requisite Requirements ..............................................................................................13
5.4 Course Outline .................................................................................................................14
5.5 Course Syllabus ...............................................................................................................15
5.6 Evaluation ........................................................................................................................20
6. Simulated Electronic Navigation Domestic (SEN-D) ......................................... 21

6.1 General ............................................................................................................................21
6.2 Equipment Requirements.................................................................................................21
iii
6.3 Pre-requisite Requirements ..............................................................................................21
6.4 Duration ...........................................................................................................................21
6.5 Course Outline .................................................................................................................22
6.6 Course Syllabus ...............................................................................................................24
6.7 Evaluation ........................................................................................................................30
7. Simulated Electronic Navigation Fishing (SEN-F) ............................................. 31

7.1 General ............................................................................................................................31
7.2 Equipment requirements .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
7.3 Pre-requisite requirements ...............................................................................................32
7.4 Duration ...........................................................................................................................32
7.5 Course Outline .................................................................................................................32
7.6 Course Syllabus ...............................................................................................................34
8. Electronic Positioning Systems (EPS) .................................................................. 42

8.1 General ............................................................................................................................42
8.2 Equipment requirements ..................................................................................................43
8.4 Duration ...........................................................................................................................43
8.5 Course Outline .................................................................................................................43
8.6 Course Syllabus ...............................................................................................................45
8.7 Evaluation ........................................................................................................................51
9. Simulated Electronic Navigation Operational (SEN-O) .................................... 52

9.1 General ............................................................................................................................52
9.4 Duration ...........................................................................................................................53
9.5 Course Outline .................................................................................................................53
9.6 Course Syllabus ...............................................................................................................54
10. Simulated Electonic Navigation Management (SEN-M) ................................. 64

10.1 General ............................................................................................................................64
10.4 Duration ...........................................................................................................................65
10.5 Course Outline .................................................................................................................65
10.6 Course Syllabus ...............................................................................................................67
11. Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) .......................... 76

11.1 General ............................................................................................................................76
11.4 Duration ...........................................................................................................................77
11.5 Course Outline .................................................................................................................77
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11.6 Course Syllabus ...............................................................................................................81
11.7 Evaluation ....................................................................................................................103
12. Simulated Electronic Navigation Refresher (SEN-REF) ............................... 103

12.1 General ..........................................................................................................................103
12.2 Equipment requirements ................................................................................................103
12.3 Pre-requisite requirements .............................................................................................105
12.4 Duration .........................................................................................................................105
12.5 Course outline ................................................................................................................105
12.6 Course Syllabus .............................................................................................................106
12.7 Evaluation ......................................................................................................................110
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TP 4958E SIMULATED ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION COURSES-DRAFT TP 4958E
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1. GENERAL
1.1 BACKGROUND
1. The International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for
Seafarers, as amended (STCW Convention, including 2010 Manila Amendments) and the
International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for
Seafarers-Fish (STCW-F), provides standards regarding planning and conducting passage,
using electronic positioning system for navigation, maintaining a safe navigation watch
including Bridge Resource Management and responding to emergencies at the operational
and management levels in Tables A-II/1(operational level); and Tables A-II/2 (management
level) of the Annex A of the STCW Code.
2. Under the Marine Personnel Regulations, Simulated Electronic Navigation-Limited (SEN-L)
and Simulated Electronic Navigation- Domestic (SEN-D) to be a continuous requirement for
the domestic Canadian fleet only.
3. With the coming into force of the revised Marine Personnel Regulations, Transport Canada
is requiring the seafarer to provide a training certificate at the appropriate level of training.
1.2 PURPOSE
Compliance with the above standards to meet mandatory minimum requirement for:
 Bridge navigational aids familiarization training for the bridge team;
 Establish and maintaining a safe navigational watch including Bridge Resource
Management;
 Training seafarers in the skills necessary to determine accurate positions using various
electronic systems; and
 The knowledge of how to detect and respond to navigational errors and emergencies.
1.3 GOALS
1. To provide seafarers with the skills to maintain safe navigation through the use of
information form navigational equipment and systems to assist with the conduct of the vessel
and making decisions.
2. To provide seafarers with the knowledge to plan and conduct a passage plan while
monitoring the vessel’s position using a variety of navigational aids to navigation.
3. To ensure seafarers can respond and at the management level, coordinate assistance to a
distress call and emergencies onboard.
4. To have the knowledge and skill to detect and use corrective measures when a fault or failure
is found in a vessel’s electronic or propulsion systems.
5. To provide seafarers with the knowledge and understanding to safely and efficiently maintain
a watch while manage the vessel’s resources and personnel.
1.4 IMPLEMENTATION
With the coming into force of the Marine Personnel Regulations, there are two “streams” of
Simulated Electronic Duties Training:
1. Training for seafarers of the domestic fleet and applicants for certificates of competency not
subject to the STCW and STCW-F Convention, and
2. Training that fully complies with the Convention, intended for the Officers and Masters of
large vessels, fishing vessels and applicants for certificates of competency subject to the
STCW and STCW-F Convention.
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1.5 HOURS OF COURSE OUTLINES

a. The number of hours specified for each Simulated Electronic Navigation course in these
standards are guidelines only, representing the minimum hours of instruction to meet the
requirements of this Transport Publication (TP) 4958.
b. Candidates may be encouraged to do off hours pre-reading for grasping the subject/course
better and in a lesser time. The pre-reading does not authorize the recognized institution to
deduct time out of the hours set in the course outlines. Duration of courses is the number of
hours in class and for demonstrating competencies. They are to be fully respected.
c. Maximum teaching time is no longer than 10 hours in a one day (24 hours).
d. Lecture times may also include completing paper plotting problems and demonstrations using
the simulator as necessary. RIs to note this in the instructor’s notes if this is the case.
1.6 CLASS SIZE AND STUDENT/INSTRUCTOR RATIO

a.
SEN- Limited Maximum of two (2) students per unit
of equipment.
SEN Domestic Maximum of two (2) students per unit

of equipment.
SEN –Fishing Maximum of two (2) students per unit

of equipment.
EPS- Electronic Positioning Systems Maximum of 24 students in the class
SEN-Operational Maximum of two (2) students per Own

Ship simulation room (O/S).
SEN –Management Maximum of two (2) students per O/S.
ECDIS Maximum of two (2) students per unit

of equipment.
SEN-Refresher Maximum of two (2) students per unit
of equipment.
b. Student/instructor ratio 8:1for courses other than EPS, SEN Limited and SEN Domestic.
c. The ratio for SEN Limited and SEN Domestic is 12:1
d. Larger numbers may be admitted for SEN Limited or SEN Domestic upon Transport Canada
Marine Safety and Security (TCMSS) discretion if extra staff, school equipment and tutorial
periods are provided to deal one-on-one with trainees.
1.7 COURSE MANUALS

For every course, each student should receive a copy of the course manuals to keep. The Recognized
Institutions (RIs) should make sure their manuals are up to date and approved by TCMSS.
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1.8 CLASSROOMS AND SIMULATOR EQUIPMENT

1. Classrooms should:
 Be large enough to seat all students so they can see and hear the instructor;
 Be equipped with a projector and means of showing videos;
 Be equipped with a white board or similar board and/or flip chart
2. The specific hardware and software requirements of the simulators for each level is detailed in this
TP under the course’s chapter.
3. All new simulator booths will require at a minimum 5 meter2 working area (this does not include
the area required for the chart work table or simulator hardware) for the students.
4. All new simulator stations for SEN-L, SEN-D and ECDIS will require at a minimum 2 meter 2
working area.
5. All new simulator booths should be ergonomically designed for the students to be able to stand
and work at the chart table and the control station.
6. All new simulator booths for SEN-O, SEN-M, SEN-F and SEN-R should be realistically designed.
This would include proper visuals. The visuals need to be realistic and meet the DNV-GL
standards regarding angle of visibility.
7. The simulator must be able to allow the instructor to monitor and control the operation of the
simulator.
8. Each RI needs to submit an updated copy of the DNV-GL certificate for each simulator to TCMSS
within 30 calendar days of receiving it.
9. It is highly recommended RIs consult with TCMSS during the planning, and construction phases
of the simulators to ensure they will meet TCMSS standards and requirements.
10. Each RI must inform TCMSS of any hardware or significant software (not including the annual
updates) of the simulator within 30 calendar days of the changes. RIs may be audited again to
determine if the simulator will still meet TCMSS requirements.
1.9 ATTENDANCE
RIs must publish and enforce a clear policy on student’s attendance at class:
 RIs must keep attendance records;

 Students must have a minimum of 90% of attendance in lecture ; and
 These records must be kept as per the RI Quality Management System (QMS) and available
to be audited.
Note: 90% minimum attendance exists to accommodate force majeure circumstances that prevent a
particular student from achieving a full 100% attendance. This is NOT a license to reduce
course length by 10%.
 Students must have 100% attendance for all skill demonstrations

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1.10 EQUIVALENCY BETWEEN OLD AND NEW COURSES
Training Received Before August 2019 Equivalency Under the Revised Marine
Personnel Regulations (2019)
Simulated Electronic Navigation-Limited Simulated Electronic Navigation-Domestic Level
Simulated Electronic Navigation Level 1 (SEN-1) Simulated Electronic Navigation-Operational Level

(SEN-O)
Simulated Electronic Navigation Level 2 (SEN-2) Simulated Electronic Navigation-Management
Level (SEN-M)
1.11 FOREIGN EQUIVALENCIES

This section outlines the IMO model course and STCW Convention requirements equivalencies for
vetting direct entries or foreign training with the training requirements outlined by the Marine
Personnel Regulations.
IMO Model Course and STCW Convention Transport Canada SEN Course
requirements
No course Equivalency SEN-L
No course Equivalency SEN-D
No course Equivalency SEN-F
Model Course 1.07, Model Course 1.34 and EPS

Model Course 7.03 (Part A Function 1)
Model Course 1.07, Model Course 1.32, Model SEN-O
Course 1.34, Model Course 1.39, and Model
Course 7.03 (Part A Function 1)
Model Course 1.08, Model Course 1.22, Model SEN-M
Course 1.32, Model Course 1.39, and Model
Course 7.01 ( Part A Function 1)
Model 1.27 and Model Course 1.32 ECDIS
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1.12 REFRESHER COURSE AND RENEWAL OF EXAMINATION
1. For seafarers who did not meet the requirements to renew their Certificate of Competency as
required in the Marine Personnel Regulations will have to complete a SEN refresher course at the
required level as outlined in the table below:
Course Refresher Course
SEN-F, SEN-O, SEN-M SEN-R
SEN-L, SEN-D SEN-L, SEN-D has to be repeated
2. For seafarers who received a passing grade in a SEN-L or SEN-D or SIM examination and did
not achieve a certificate of competency, in respect of which the examination or course was taken to
obtained, within 5 years the seafarer will need to:
a) For SIM examinations, if the seafarer meets the sea time requirements as outlined in the
Marine Personnel Regulations for renewing their Certificate of Competency, the seafarer will
need to successful complete the SIM examination again.
b) For SIM examinations, if the seafarer does not meets the sea time requirements as outlined in
the Marine Personnel Regulations for renewing their Certificate of Competency, the seafarer
will need to retake the simulator course at the appropriate level. They will not be able to take
the SEN-R course.
c) For SEN-L and SEN-D, they will need to retake the course.
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2. SIMULATOR INSTRUCTOR
2.1 DEFINITION
With regards to this standard, TP 4958, the following definitions apply:
“Main instructor” means the person actually teaching the entire training course. The main instructor
must meet the instructor’s qualifications for the training course sought, and be approved by Transport
Canada, Marine Safety and Security, Marine Personnel Standards Branch (AMSP);
“Assistant instructor” means a person assisting the main instructor with the practical demonstration
and use of equipment. The assistant instructor does not actually teach the course or part of the course
to the participant, except when working to obtain his or her qualifications to become a Transport
Canada approved instructor, and while he/she is under the supervision of an approved instructor. The
assistant instructor must hold qualifications related to the marine industry or have related skills and be
approved in accordance with the Quality Management Manual – AMSP;
“Training instructor” means a main instructor that has been previously approved by AMSP and has
taught at a minimum 4 simulator courses and/or has a thorough knowledge of the simulator
equipment.
2.2 TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION-GENERAL

1. Instructors must be qualified in the tasks they teach and be formally trained in instructional
techniques and training methods as set out in section A-I/6 of Part A of the STCW 2010
Code.
2. Instructors must be trained in the techniques and training methods for the Nautical
Simulator as set out in section A-I/12 of Part A of the STCW 2010 Code.
3. The instructor is to be familiar with the current TP 4958, approved course material,
simulator equipment, and the approval process.
4. The instructor must have received appropriate training and hold a valid TC instructor
approval letter.
5. The following table outlines the minimum level certificate of competency and instructor
must hold for each course:
Course Minimum Certificate of Competency of the

Instructor
SEN-L and SEN-D Fishing Officer Unlimited Waters; Master 500
Domestic; or Watchkeeping Mate
SEN-F Fishing Master Unlimited or Chief Mate, Near
Coastal
EPS Master 3000 Domestic or Chief Mate, Near
Coastal
SEN-O Chief Mate, Near Coastal
SEN-M and SEN-R Master Near Coastal
ECDIS Chief Mate

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A. TRAINING PROGRAM FOR NEW INSTRUCTORS

1. To ensure instructors are properly trained and familiar with the simulator equipment as
required in section A-I/12 of Part A of the STCW Code, RIs will have to have a training
program and a policy QMS regarding training new instructors for the simulator.
2. The RIs will develop a reference Instructor Manual for the simulator. The manual will need
to contain at the minimum the following procedures and guidelines for:
 Pre session Briefings

 Simulator Exercises
 Designing Exercises
 Exercise Scenarios
 Conducting of Exercises
 Monitoring of Exercise
 Debriefing
 Evaluation of course 3
 Assessment of the student and performance criteria
3. At a minimum, the training program will have to ensure the instructor:
 has a knowledge of the RIs procedures and quality management system

 has a knowledge and understanding of the training material and documentation
 has the ability to start up, set up the nautical simulator, and shut down the simulator
 can properly demonstrate how to use the equipment in the simulator
 has the ability to competently delivery the subject matter and training material
 has the ability to effectively execute and monitor a practical exercise in the simulator
 has the ability to conduct a proper briefing and debriefing
 has the ability to properly edit and create new exercises
 has the ability to conduct basic trouble shooting and has an understanding of the RIs
procedures if a problem is detected in the exercise or system
 has the ability to conduct a simulator exam
 has the ability to properly assist in administering a TCMSS SIM exam
4. The new instructor will have to observe at least one course at the level he/she is seeking
approval for.
5. The new instructor will have to assist in the delivery as an assistant instructor for at least two
courses. One of these two courses must be at the level he/she is seeking approval for.
6. The new instructor must deliver one simulator course at the level the independently under the
observation of the training instructor.
7. The new instructor must observe or assist in administering at least two examinations.
8. The new instructor must observe and/or assist if permitted at least two TCMSS examination
if seeking approval to be an instructor for SEN-F, SEN-O or SEN-M course.
9. A written record of all the above training with dates that each phase is completed and
signatures of the training instructors who oversaw the training instructor should be kept for
each instructor. When the RI sends a request for an instructor approval to TCMSS, the RI will
need to send a copy of this record with the other required documents.
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3. APPROVAL OF TRAINING COURSES
3.1 GENERAL
Canada’s accession to the STCW Convention means that all approved marine training programs and
courses must be delivered and monitored through a quality management system.
3.2 RECOGNIZED INSTITUTION

Courses are to be provided by a “recognized institution” as defined in the Marine Personnel
Regulations. Approval procedures are provided in the chapter entitled Approval of Marine Training
Courses and Programs of the Quality Management Manual – Marine Personnel Standards and
Medicine, published by the Department of Transport, Marine Personnel Standards and Medicine
Directorate.
In conformity with Regulation I/8 of the STCW Convention, a recognized institution has to have its
own internal quality management system in place, under which, the course must be monitored.
The recognized institution must have a suitable teaching environment, as listed in the specific
Transport Canada Standards, and possess updated reference material and equipment in variety and
volume, which are to be accessible to all students
3.3 COURSE MATERIAL-SIMUALATED EXERCISES

Each course must be supported by an Instructor’s and student’s simulated exercise manual. The
purpose of this manual is to provide guidance to the instructor and to the student the specified
knowledge or skills to achieve that will be demonstrated in the exercise.
At a minimum the Student Exercise sheets will need to contain the following:
 Title of the exercise;

 Objective;
 Duration;
 ID number;
 Exercise number;
 Exercise Area;
 Charts and publications required, if necessary;
 Start information- date, time, visibility, precipitation, area, tidal condition, special
conditions, special information and special instructions;
 Own Ship information- Start position in latitude and longitude (if necessary), heading,
speed, working channels, checklists, machinery status;
 Weather conditions- Wind, current, sea state;
 The task; and
 Performance Criteria.
At a minimum the Instructor Exercise sheet will need to contain the following:
 All the information of the Student Exercise Sheet;

 Instructor Notes;
 Assessment Points;
 Pre-session briefing notes;
 Debriefing notes; and
 Any notes about the assessment of the student and performance criteria.
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3.4 COURSE APPROVALS

Institutions must submit for approval their course syllabus, course outline, training manual,
instructor qualifications including teaching qualifications, class exercises, power point presentation
or white board presentation outline, list of case studies, lesson plans, three completely different sets
of examinations, and any other information required by the TP 4958 and AMSP’s Quality
Management System, to the following address:
Executive Director, Personnel Standards and Medicine

Transport Canada, Marine Safety
330 Spark Street, Tower “C”, 8th Floor,
Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0N8
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4. TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT
4.1 GENERAL
This chapter will provide guidelines to the RI to assess the students of the competencies required in
this TP.
In general, for each training activity the first part will have a training element and the latter part will
have an assessment element. It is unreasonable to assess the students on elements they have not been
taught. These concepts need to be fully understood by the instructors to ensure there is no ambiguity
in the assessment process.
4.2 FAMILIARIZATION WITH THE SIMULATOR EQUIPMENT

Every simulator course must have a familiarization lecture/demonstration with the simulator
equipment to allow the student to become familiar with the equipment. The lecture/demonstration
can be completed over a series of lectures/demonstrations as the navigational aids are being taught
throughout the course. The student’s performance in familiarizations lecture/demonstration are not
to be evaluated.
It shall cover at least the following:
1. The use of instruments of the simulator;

2. The use of own ship’s course and speed controls to determine own ship’s response to the
controls:
a. Manual and emergency rudder control;
b. Automatic pilot; and
c. Throttles controls.
3. The display of course and speed information;
4. The display of ordered and actual rudder angles; and.
5. Operate and read the navigational instruments to determine the ship’s position.
4.3 SIMULATED EXERCISES

Simulated exercises are intended to allow the students to practice their new technical skills and to
build on their existing ones.
Each exercise will need to have a briefing and a debriefing. This will allow the instructor to set the
expectations of the exercise and feedback of the students’ performance throughout the course, as
well as, answer any questions. Also, it will allow the students to provide feedback on their training
needs throughout the course.
Note: The debriefing time should be at least 10% of the time spent to perform the exercise.
The simulated exercises should:
1. To be as realistic as possible; and

2. Designed to allow the students to demonstrate the necessary competencies as outline in this TP.
For the simulated exercises, a matrix will have to be developed to help the instructor assess the
students, as well as, the students to evaluate their own performance during the debriefing. This
matrix should capture the general requirements of this TP 4958.
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4.4 MARKING
4.4.1 EPS
1. An aggregate system of marking will be considered as follows for SEN-F, SEN-O and
SEN-M:
a) Assignments = 20%
*
b) Mid-term Exam = 30%
c) Practical Skills= 50%
* RI may use a series of small quizzes
2. The cumulative of all assignments including the mid-term counts for 50% of the aggregate
marking. The passing mark for assignments and for the midterm examination is a minimum
of 70%;
3. The practical assessment of skills is 50% of the aggregate marking. The passing mark for
the practical assessment is 70%;
4. The overall passing mark will be 70%; and
5. RI must keep a record of the marks as per their QMS. The records may be audited.
4.4.2 SEN-F, SEN-O AND SEN-M

1. An aggregate system of marking will be considered as follows for SEN-F, SEN-O and
SEN-M:
a) Assignments = 20%
*
b) Mid-term Exam = 30%
c) Practical Skills= 50%
* RI may use a series of small quizzes
2. The cumulative of all assignments including the mid-term counts for 50% of the
aggregate marking. The passing mark for assignments and for the midterm examination is
a minimum of 70%.
i. The practical assessment of skills is 50% of the aggregate marking. The passing
mark for the practical assessment is 70%.
ii. The overall passing mark will be 70%. 10.
iii. RI must keep a record of the marks as per their QMS. The records may be audited.
4.4.3 SEN-L, SEN-D, ECDIS, AND SEN-R

1. An aggregate system of marking will be considered as follows for SEN-L, SEN-D,
ECDIS and SEN-R:
a) Practical Skills = 45%
b) Final Exam= 55%
2. The practical assessment of skills is 45% of the aggregate marking. The passing mark for
the practical assessment is 70%.
3. The overall passing mark will be 70%.
4. RI must keep a record of the marks as per their QMS. The records may be audited.
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4.4.4 RADAR PLOTTING

The following are the acceptable precision of the RADAR plot:
Target Course: ±5 degrees

Target Speed: ± 2 knots
CPA: ± 0.5nm
TPCA: ± 3 minutes
Aspect: ±5 degrees
4.4.5 SIMULATOR MARKING FOR ASSIGNMENTS, QUIZZES AND EXAMS

The RIs marking matrix for the students must include the following:
Automatic Failures:
1) Failure to produce a paper RADAR Plot for the targets (where required);
2) Failure to produce a passage plan (where required);
3) Inability to correctly assess approaching vessels (where required);
4) Running aground;
5) A Collision or an allusion;
6) Violation of the Collision Regulations Schedule 1 Part B Section I-III;
7) Not plotting the vessel’s position;
8) Unsafe Seamanship; and
9) Not maintaining a CPA between 2nm-2.5nm (where required).
Penalty in marks to be awarded for:
1) RADAR plot report results exceed the limits in 4.4.4 (where required);
2) Violation of the Collision Regulations Schedule 1 Part C, Part D and Rule 39;
3) Improper radio communications;
4) Incorrect set-up or use of navigational aids;
5) Errors in chartwork;
6) Errors in logbook entries; and
7) Inability to keep the vessel on the planned course.
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5. SIMULATED ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION LIMITED (SEN-L)
5.1 COURSE
This course is to meet the requirements of the Marine Personnel Regulations for the Master Limited
and Chief Mate Limited certificate of competencies for a vessel operating only on a seasonal basis
between March 31 and December 1 of each year in sheltered waters. These competencies will help
promote safety of life at sea, protection of marine environment in regards of training of our masters in
the application of electronic navigation systems and instrument typically found onboard coastal vessels
and maintaining watchkeeping standards.
5.2 EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS

1. Instructor Manual;
2. Student Training Manual for each participant;
3. Simulator/ Practical Exercise Manuals; Reference materials and publications;
4. Navigational charts of the exercise areas.
Either 6 or 7:
a) Each simulator station must be provided with a manoeuvring book, and pilot card with the
manoeuvringinformation for the model being used;
b) DNV GL AS class S Bridge Operation Navigation meeting the requirements of the Maritime
Simulator Systems Standards for Bridge Operations;
c) The Class S simulator shall meet the requirements set out in: Table 3-3 Physical Realism item 1.1
including the subsections for Class C; Table 3-4 Behavioural realism Items 2.1-2.9 for Class C;
Table 3-5 Operating Environment items 3.1 including all the subsections for Class C; and in
addition instruments for indication of navigational lights, AIS and control system for fire
detection, fire alarm and lifeboat alarm;
d) At least one DNV GL class S Bridge Operation Navigation Software with an ENC or ECDIS *;
e) Own Ship Model: Commercial or Fishing vessel not more than 24 metres in length; and
f) Targets: Minimum targets for the data base- MOB, Commercial, fishing.
* This can be the instructor station.

Or 5. Transport Canada Approved Navigational Equipment located onboard the vessel of operation
a) The student must be provided with characteristics of the vessel and a manoeuvring
characteristics of the vessel.
b) The navigational aids required: RADAR or RADAR/ARPA; GPS/DGPS/GLONASS; Compass;
Echo Sounder; Steering Control; AIS; Speed and Distance Log; VHF; Electronic Chart System
(ECS).
*Note: If a vessel is being used for training and examinations it shall be the vessels only functions, meaning
the vessel cannot have passengers onboard or engaged in tug operations for instance. For any clarity please
contact TCMSS AMSPN before conducting training or examinations.
5.3 PRE-REQUISITE REQUIREMENTS

Students must have successfully completed at least the following training examinations prior to
register for the SEN-L training course:
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1) Radio Communication (ROC-M) or (ROC-MC) and;

2) Chartwork and Navigational Safety at the level required for the desired CoC.
5.4 COURSE OUTLINE
HOURS
SUBJECT AREA Lecture Practical
1. Introduction
1) Facility Orientation 1 hr
2) Introduction and Administration
3) Simulator/Equipment Orientation
2. RADAR
1) RADAR-General 3 hrs 1 hr
2) The Basic Functions of the RADAR
3) Operating Procedures
4) RADAR Errors
5) Navigating with the RADAR
6) Collision Avoidance
3. Electronic Systems for Navigation and Watchkeeping

1) GPS, DGPS and WAAS 1 hr 2 hr
2) Echo Sounder
3) AIS
4. Compass 1 hr
1) Marine Compasses
2) Marine Compass Errors
5. Vessel Manoeuvres 1 hr
1) Definitions
2) Steering
3) Anchoring
6. Principals of Watchkeeping
1) Watchkeeping Standards
2) Company and Master’s Orders (QMS Systems) 2 hrs 1 hr
3) Bridge Records
7. Resource Management 4 hrs

1) Introduction to Resource Management
2) Communications
3) Allocation of Resources
4) Fatigue and Stress
5) Situational Awareness
6) Leadership
8. Electronic Charting Systems (ECS) 2 hrs 1 hr

1) Voyage Planning
2) Introduction to ECS
3) Advantages and Disadvantages of ECS
4) Use of Smart Phones and Tablets
5) Errors
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9. Vessel Emergencies 2 hrs 5 hrs

1) Identify and discuss Distress calls and procedures
2) Discuss various shipboard emergencies
10. Evaluation 1 hr 2 hrs
Sub-total: 18 hrs 12 hrs

Total of hours 30 hours
5.5 COURSE SYLLABUS
Topics and Learning Objectives
1) Introduction 1 hr Lecture
1.1 Introduction
1. Describe learning objectives
2. Explain course syllabus
1.2 Facility orientation
1.3 Simulator/Equipment orientation
2) Radar 3 hrs Lecture and 1 hr Practical

2.1 RADAR General
2.1.1 Define the acronym RADAR;
2.1.2 Briefly discuss what is a RADAR;
2.1.3 Briefly discuss the compass safe distance;
2.1.4 Discuss hazards of the RADAR; and
2.1.5 A knowledge of RADAR user manuals.
2.2 The Basic Functions of the RADAR

2.2.1 List the 5 main components of the RADAR- (Power, Transmitter, Antenna, Receiver,
Display); and
2.2.2 Brief understanding of what is Brilliance, Tuning, Gain and Clutter.
2.3 Operating Procedures

2.3.1 Demonstrate the proper start-up of a RADAR;
2.3.2 Demonstrate the proper set-up of a RADAR;
2.3.3 Demonstrate the use of each control of the RADAR; and
2.3.4 Demonstrate the proper shut-down of a RADAR.
2.4 RADAR Errors

2.4.1 Briefly describe user errors;
2.4.2 Briefly describe errors generated in the installation of the RADAR;
2.4.3 Briefly describe atmospheric conditions;
2.4.4 Briefly describe Indirect Echoes;
2.4.5 Briefly describe Multiple Echoes;
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2.4.6 Briefly describe Side Echoes;

2.4.7 Briefly describe Radar to Radar interference;
2.4.8 Briefly describe Second-trace echoes;
2.4.9 Briefly describe False Echoes such as power cables; and
2.5.10Briefly describe and understand how to correct for RADAR errors if possible.
2.5 Navigating with the RADAR

2.5.1 Describe EBL and VRM;
2.5.2 Discuss the characteristics of a good RADAR conspicuous objects;
2.5.3 Discuss the characteristics of a poor RADAR object;
2.5.4 Discuss which objects should be used to determine vessel’s position;
2.5.5 Discuss which objects should not be used to determine the vessel’s position;
2.5.6 Demonstrate how to achieve a range and bearing of land, a target and object using EBL and
VRM;
2.5.7 Demonstrate the knowledge of the proper use of each RADAR control;
2.5.8 Briefly discuss the operation of RADAR in ice; and
2.5.9 Briefly discuss the operation of RADAR on a high speed craft.
2.6 Collision Avoidance

2.6.1 Brief understanding of the Collision Regulations as applied to RADAR;
2.6.2 Understanding of the Collision Regulations Part B Section I- III; and
2.6.3 An understanding of the use of the RADAR as a collision-warning device.
2.7 Simulated Exercise

All students must perform simulated exercises to demonstrate effective:
1) Set-up and shut-down of the RADAR;
2) Proper technique to set-up the RADAR in different weather conditions including reduced
visibility and night time navigation;
3) Proper technique to determine the position of the vessel using EBL, and VRM;
4) Ability to plot the vessel’s position on the chart; and
5) Use all the RADAR controls.
3) Electronic Systems for Navigation and Watchkeeping 1hr Lecture and 2 hrs Practical
3.1 GPS, DGPS and WAAS

3.1.1 Briefly discuss the GPS, DGPS and WAAS systems;
3.1.2 Briefly discuss the accuracy and reliability of the GPS/DGPS/WAAS systems;
3.1.3 An understanding of how to use GPS and WAAS; and
3.1.4 A knowledge of the operational manuals.
Note: DGPS is to be covered until Canada officially discontinues the service.
3.2 Echo Sounder

3.2.1 Understanding of how to use the Echo Sounder and the information it provides;
3.2.2.Briefly discuss the errors and limitations of the Echo Sounder; and
3.3 AIS
3.3.1 Briefly discuss the AIS systems;
3.3.2 Briefly discuss the types of messages the AIS system can send receive;
3.3.3 An understanding of how to use AIS; and
3.4 Simulated exercise

All students must perform simulated exercises to demonstrate effective competency in:
1) How to determine the vessels positon using GPS and DGPS/WAAS;
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2) Plot the vessels position on the chart using GPS and DGPS/WAAS;
3) Set-up the AIS; and
4) Understand how to send and receive messages from the AIS system.
5) Set-up and use of the Echo Sounder
4) Compass 1 hr Lecture
4.1 Marine Compasses

4.1.1 Briefly discuss the different types of marine compasses that would be required on small
vessels
4.1.2 Briefly discuss the advantages of the different types of marine compasses
4.1.3 Briefly discuss the disadvantage of the different types of marine compasses
4.2 Marine Compass Errors

4.2.1 Briefly discuss the types of compass errors
4.2.2 Briefly discuss how to correct for compass errors, where possible
5) Vessel Manoeuvres 1 hr Lecture
5.1 Definitions
5.1.1 Define: Pivot Point; Headway; Sternway; Transfer; and Advance
5.1.2 Briefly discuss the pivot point in relation to headway and sternway
5.2 Steering
5.2.1 Briefly discuss the Steering System
5.2.2 Explain emergency procedures if the steering system malfunctions
5.2.3 Understand how to test the steering and when it should be completed
5.3 Anchoring
5.3.1 Discuss the characteristics of a good anchorage
5.3.2 Explain and demonstrate the procedure to anchor a vessel
5.4 Interactions
5.4.1 Briefly discuss Ship to Ship interactions: Passing and Overtaking; Large and Small Vessels
6) Principals of Watchkeeping 2 hrs Lecture and 1 hrs Practical
6.1 Watchkeeping Standards

6.1.1.Understand and demonstrate the Watchkeeping Standards (As per STCW Code, Part A-
Chapter VIII)
6.1.2 Understand navigational aids have limitations, including those of its sensors and making an
over-reliance on one Navigational aid is dangerous to maintaining a proper look-out and
decision making
6.1.3 Briefly review ICS Bridge Procedures Guide
6.2 Company and Master’s Orders

6.2.1 Understand the purpose of the Company’s and Master’s Standing Orders
6.2.2 Briefly discuss how to prepare Master’s Standing Orders
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6.3 Bridge Records

6.3.1 Discuss the importance of maintaining proper logs
6.3.2 Discuss the types of entries and the proper way to record the entries in varies logs (Deck,
Radio, Navigational Aids, Compass Error, etc)
6.3.3 Discuss and demonstrate the ability to maintain a Radio Log
6.3.4 Discuss and demonstrate the ability to maintain a Deck Log
7) Resource Management 4 hrs Lecture
7.1 Introduction to Resource Management

7.1.1 Describe the basic principles of Resource Management
7.1.2 The need for Resource Management
7.1.3 What is a team? What is bridge team?
7.1.4 Explain the roles of responsibility for safety is clearly defined at all times including
periods when the master is present on the bridge.
7.2 Communications
7.2.1 Briefly discuss Closed-loop communications
7.2.2 Demonstrate clear, concise communications and acknowledgements in a seaman-like
manner
7.2.3 Understand the importance of ensuring the effectiveness of communication between team
members
7.2.4 Demonstrate effective exchange of information
7.2.5 Briefly discuss effective briefings and debriefing
7.3 Allocation of Resources

7.3.1 Discuss planning and the 4 stages (appraisal, planning, executing and monitoring)
7.3.2 Briefly discuss how to measure planning outcomes, the role of feedback
7.3.3 Briefly discuss contingency planning
7.3.4 Briefly discuss common duties assigned to individuals and groups
7.3.5 Briefly discuss how to prioritize resources
7.3.6 Briefly discuss how allocations
7.4 Fatigue and Stress

7.4.1 Describe the signs of fatigue and stress
7.4.2 Understand the regulatory requirement for Hours of Rest on a commercial vessel
7.4.3 Discuss Fatigue Management Guidelines
7.4.4 Discuss Stress Management Guidelines
7.5 Situational Awareness

7.5.1 Define: Situational Awareness
7.5.2 Briefly discuss the importance of obtaining and maintaining situational awareness
7.5.3 Briefly discuss the signs of the degradation of situational awareness
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8) Electronic Charting Systems (ECS) 2 hrs Lecture and 1 hr Practical
8.1 Passage Planning

8.1.1 Brief overview of the 4 principals of passage planning
8.2 Introduction to ECS

8.2.1 Briefly discuss the external inputs the ECS requires
8.2.2 Briefly discuss the functions of the ECS
8.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of ECS

8.3.1 Briefly discuss the advantages of an ECS
8.3.2 Briefly discuss the disadvantages of an ECS
8.4 Use of Smart Phones and Tablets
8.4.1 Briefly discuss the errors of using smart phones and tablets
8.4.2 Briefly discuss characteristics of a program with valid charts
8.4.3 Briefly discuss external inputs required for smart phones and tablets
8.5 Errors
8.5.1 Briefly discuss the errors of an ECS

Practical demonstration of the ECS functions including routing and route monitoring.
9) Vessel Emergencies 2 hrs Lecture and 4 hrs Practical
9.1 Distress, Urgent and Security Calls

9.1.1 Describe a distress call, urgent call and security call
9.1.2 Describe the procedure and information required to give a distress, urgent and security call
9.1.3 Describe the procedure to properly acknowledge and record a distress call and urgent call
9.1.4 Describe how to relay a distress call to other stations
9.2 Discuss Various Shipboard Emergencies

9.2.1 Discuss the correct response as per IAMSAR for the following distress situations on a small
vessel with limited crew:
- Collision/Allision
- Fire
- Grounding/Stranding
- Hull Damage/ Flooding
- Blackout
- Steering Failure
- Engine Failure
- Man Overboard
- Medical Emergency
9.3 Simulation
All students must perform simulated exercises to demonstrate effective competency in responding to
the following vessel emergencies:
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1) Man Overboard
2) Steering Failure
3) Fire
5.6 EVALUATION
The evaluation consists of two parts written and practical. The final mark will be composed of 50
marks for the written and 50 marks from the practical for a total of 100 marks. Passing mark to obtain
the TCMSS training certificate is 70%.
Written
25 multiple-choice questions and 2 short answers covering the complete knowledge and competency
of the course. The passing mark is 70%.
Practical
1. A practical evaluation on the vessel’s simulator that will meet the requirements below and follow
the marking as outlined in Chapter 4 of this TP 4958;
2. The practical will be conducted a commercial vessel;
3. The student will need to set all the equipment for a voyage, ensure all publications, voyage
information is complete, contact VTS for departure/arrival of port, and maintain a proper watch
and the ability to use all navigation equipment including the RADAR to demonstrate how to safely
navigate; and
Either simulation or practical environments as below:
For the simulator:

1. The weather will be either night time navigation or reduced visibility.
2. The seas will not be more than 1 m and the winds not more than 15 knots.
For the practical on board the vessel:
1. The winds should not be more then Beaufort Scale 4.
2. The transit of the vessel shall be monitored by someone else other than the candidate and
examiner; the master of the vessel may step in and stop the examination at any point to ensure the
safety of the crew and the vessel. If the master of the vessel needs to stop the exam, a debrief after
vessel is secured is to be conducted. The debrief should be a learning opportunity to review what
happened, why this happened, how to improve and what to do next time. The practical
examination will have to be repeated on another date.
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6. SIMULATED ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION DOMESTIC (SEN-

D)
6.1 GENERAL
This course is to meet the requirements of the Marine Personnel Regulations for the Domestic
Fishing, Chief Mate and Master certificate of competency. These competencies will help promote
safety of life at sea, protection of marine environment in regards of training of our masters and
officers in the application of electronic navigation systems and instrument typically found onboard
coastal vessels and maintaining watchkeeping standards.

1 Instructor Manual;
2 Student Training Manual for each participant;
3 Simulator Exercise Manuals;
4 Manoeuvring Boards;
5 Reference materials and publications;
6 Each simulator station must be provided with a manoeuvring book, and pilot card with the
manoeuvring information for the model being used;
7 DNV GL AS class S Bridge Operation Navigation meeting the requirements of the Maritime
Simulator Systems Standards for Bridge Operations.;
8 The Class S simulator shall meet the requirements set out in: Table 3-3 Physical Realism item 1.1
including the subsections for Class C; Table 3-4 Behavioural realism Items 2.1-2.9 for Class C;
Table 3-5 Operating Environment items 3.1 including all the subsections for Class C; and in
addition instruments for indication of navigational lights, AIS and control system for fire
detection, fire alarm and lifeboat alarm;
9 At least one DNV GL class S Bridge Operation Navigation Software with an ENC or ECDIS*;
10 Own Ship Model: Commercial or Fishing vessel not more than 24 metres in length;
11 Targets: Minimum targets for the data base- MOB, Commercial, fishing and
12 Navigational charts of the exercise areas
* This can be the instructor station.

Students must have successfully completed at least the following training examinations prior to
register for the SEN-D training course:
1) Radio Communication (ROC-M) or (ROC-MC) and;

2) Chartwork and Navigational Safety or
3) Chartwork and Pilotage, Level 1* and Navigational Safety Level 1 or
4) Chartwork and Navigational Safety at the level required for the desired CoC
*Chartwork and Pilotage, Level 2 (C&P2) may be substituted for Chartwork and Pilotage, Level 1 (C&P1)
6.4 DURATION
A minimum of 70 hours
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6.5 COURSE OUTLINE

Hours
1. Introduction 2 hrs
1) Facility Orientation
3) Simulator Orientation
2. RADAR 6 hrs 2 hrs

1) RADAR-General
3) IMO Symbols and Controls
5) RADAR Errors
3. RADAR Plotting 10 hrs 14 hrs

1) Construction of Plot
2) Radar Plotting for Collision Avoidance

3 hrs 2 hrs
1) E-Loran
2) GPS, DGPS and WAAS
3) Echo Sounder
4) AIS
5. Compass
1) Marine Compasses
1 hr
6. Vessel Manoeuvres
1) Definitions 1 hr
2) Steering
3) Anchoring
4) Interactions
1) Watchkeeping Standards 4 hrs 3 hrs
2) Company and Master’s Orders
3) Bridge Records
8. Resource Management
1) Introduction to Resource Management 8 hrs
2) Communications
6) Leadership
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9. Electronic Charting Systems (ECS) 2 hrs 1 hr

1) Passage Planning
4) Errors
5) Smart phones and Tablets
10. Vessel Emergencies 2 hrs 6 hrs

11. Evaluation 1 hr 2 hrs
Sub-total: 40 30
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6.6 COURSE SYLLABUS
1) Introduction 2 hrs Lecture

1.1 Introduction
1.3 Simulator orientation
2) RADAR 6 hrs Lecture and 2 hrs Practical

2.1 RADAR General
2.1.1 Define the acronym RADAR
2.1.2 Briefly discuss what is a RADAR
2.1.3 Briefly discuss X-band and S-band
2.1.4 Briefly discuss the compass safe distance
2.1.5 Discuss hazards of the RADAR
2.1.6 A knowledge of RADAR user manuals

Display)
2.2.2 Demonstrate the ability to draw a block diagram using the 5 main components
2.2.3 Briefly discus the basic function of each component
2.2.4 Brief understanding of what Brilliance, Tuning, Gain and Clutter adjusts
2.3 IMO Symbols and Controls

2.3.1 Recognize the IMO symbols for the RADAR controls

2.4.1 Demonstrate the proper start-up of a RADAR
2.4.2 Demonstrate the proper set-up of a RADAR
2.4.3 Demonstrate the use of each control of the RADAR
2.4.4 Demonstrate the proper shut-down of a RADAR
2.5 RADAR Errors

2.5.1 Briefly describe user errors
2.5.2 Briefly describe errors generated in the installation of the RADAR
2.5.3 Briefly describe atmospheric conditions
2.5.4 Briefly describe Indirect Echoes
2.5.5 Briefly describe Multiple Echoes
2.5.6 Briefly describe Side Echoes
2.5.7 Briefly describe Radar to Radar interference
2.5.8 Briefly describe Second-trace echoes
2.5.9 Briefly describe False Echoes such as power cables
2.5.10 Briefly describe and understand how to correct for RADAR errors if possible
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2.6.1 Describe the different orientations (Head-on, North-on and Course-up)
2.6.2 Describe the different motions and stabilizations
2.6.3 Discuss the Advantage and Disadvantage of off-centre screen
2.6.4 Describe EBL, VRM and Range Rings
2.6.5 Discuss the characteristics of a good RADAR conspicuous objects
2.6.6 Discuss the characteristics of a poor RADAR object
2.6.7 Discuss which objects should be used to determine vessel’s position
2.6.8 Discuss which objects should not be used to determine the vessel’s position
VRM
2.6.10 Demonstrate how to use the Range Rings
2.6.11 Demonstrate how to use the curser to achieve a range and bearing of land, a target and object
2.6.12 Demonstrate how to use parallel indexing lines for navigation and course changes
2.6.13 Demonstrate the knowledge of the proper use of each RADAR control
2.6.14 Briefly discuss the operation of RADAR in ice
2.6.15 Briefly discuss the operation of RADAR on a high speed craft

2.7.1 Brief understanding of the Collision Regulations as applied to RADAR
2.7.2 Understanding of the Collision Regulations Part B Section I- III
2.7.3 A knowledge and understanding of the assessment, action and close-quarters situation sectors
of the 12nm range scale
2.7.4 An understanding of the use of the RADAR as a collision-warning device
2.7.5 Demonstrate the use of echo trails

1) Set-up and shut-down of the RADAR
2) Proper technique to set-up the RADAR in different weather conditions including reduced
visibility and night time navigation.
3) Technique to set up the RADAR in Head-Up and Course-Up
4) Proper technique to determine the position of the vessel using EBL, VRM, and curser
5) Ability to plot the vessel’s position on the chart
6) An understanding of Parallel Indexing
7) Use all the RADAR controls
3) RADAR Plotting 10 hrs Lecture and 14 hrs Practical

3.1 Briefly discuss the Motion Triangle using OTM symbols
3.2 Construct the Relative Motion Line using at least 3 plotting points and the OT symbols
3.2.1 Determine the Closest Point of Approach (CPA)
3.2.2 Determine Relative Speed
3.2.3 Determine the Time of CPA (TCPA)
3.3 Understand the situation from interpreting the information from the plot
3.4 Demonstrate the most appropriate action in accordance with the Collision Regulations
All students must be able to plot one target in the simulator and:
1. Construct a Relation Motion Line Plot
2. Calculate the CPA and TCPA
3. Interpret the information from the plot
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4. Understand which vessel is the give-way and which vessel is the stand-on
5. Determine and demonstrate the most appropriate action in accordance with the Collision
Regulations
3.6 The scenarios shall include: head-on, crossing, overtaking, and meetings in different weather
conditions. The Own Ship shall be the give way in some scenarios and the stand-on in other
scenarios.
*Note: The lecture time also includes demonstration and completing activities to gain competencies.
4) Electronic Systems for Navigation and Watchkeeping 3 hrs Lecture and 2 hrs
Practical
4.1 E-Loran
4.1.1 Describe the components of the E-LORAN System
4.1.2 General Knowledge of the setting up of an E-LORAN Receiver
4.1.3 Explain the navigational functions of an E-LORAN Receiver
4.1.4 Identify the errors and limitations of the E-LORAN system
4.1.5 A knowledge of the operational manuals

4.2.1 Brief understanding of the GPS, DGPS and WAAS systems
4.2.2 Briefly discuss the accuracy and reliability of the GPS/DGPS/WAAS systems
4.2.3 An understanding of how to use GPS and WAAS.
4.3 Echo Sounder

4.3.1 Brief understanding of the Echo Sounder principals and components.
4.3.2 Understanding of how to use the Echo Sounder and the information it provides
4.3.3 Identify the errors and limitations of the Echo Sounder
4.4 AIS
4.4.1 Brief understanding of the AIS systems
4.4.2 Briefly discuss the types of messages the AIS system can send and receive
4.4.3 An understanding of how to use AIS

1) How to determine the vessels positon using GPS and DGPS/WAAS
2) Plot the vessels position on the chart using GPS and DGPS/WAAS
3) Set-up the AIS
4) Demonstrate how to send and receive messages from the AIS system
5) Set-up and use the Echo Sounder

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5) Compass 1 hr Lecture
5.1 Marine Compasses
5.1.1 Briefly discuss the different types of marine compasses that would be required on small
vessels
5.1.2 Briefly discuss the advantages of the different types of marine compasses
5.1.3 Briefly discuss the disadvantage of the different types of marine compasses

6) Vessel Manoeuvres 1 hr Lecture
6.1 Definitions
6.1.2 Briefly discuss the pivot point in relation to headway and sternway.
6.2 Steering
6.2.1 Briefly discuss the difference between Manual, Auto and Emergency Steering
6.2.2 Explain the changeover procedure form Manual, Auto and Emergency Steering
6.2.3 Explain the alarms associated with Auto-pilot
6.3 Anchoring
6.3.1 Explain how to choose an anchorage
6.4 Interactions
6.4.1 Briefly discuss squat
6.4.2 Briefly discuss Ship to Ship interactions: Passing and Overtaking

7.1.1 Understand and demonstrate the Watchkeeping Standards (As per STCW Code, Part A-
Chapter VIII)
7.1.2 Understand navigational aids have limitations, including those of its sensors and making
an over-reliance on one Navigational aid is dangerous to maintaining a proper look-out
and decision making.
7.1.3 Briefly discuss the ICS Bridge Procedures Guide
7.1.4 Discuss the Master-Pilot Handover
7.1.5 Understand the principles of maintaining a watch with a pilot onboard.

7.2.2 Briefly discuss how to prepare Master’s Standing Orders
7.3 Bridge Records

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8.1.4 Explain the roles of responsibility for safety is clearly defined at all times including periods
when the master is present on the bridge.
8.2 Communications
8.2.2 Demonstrate clear, concise communications and acknowledgements in a seaman-like manner
members
8.2.5 Discuss effective briefings and debriefings
8.2.6 Discuss examples of when to use a briefing and debriefing

8.3.1 Understand how to allocate resources
8.3.5 Understand how to assign duties with respects to individuals and groups
8.3.6 Discuss common duties assigned to individuals and groups
8.3.7 Understand time constraints and the factors that cause time constraints
8.3.8 Understand how to prioritize resources
8.3.9 Understanding allocation

8.4.1 Describe the signs of fatigue
8.4.2 Understand the regulatory requirement for Hours of Rest on a commercial vessel
8.4.4 Briefly discuss stress and the signs of stress

8.4.2 Discuss the importance of obtaining and maintaining situational awareness
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8.6 Leadership
8.5.1 Define: Situational Leadership
8.5.2 Discuss the relationship between assertiveness and leadership
8.5.3 Discuss the importance between challenge and response
8.5.4 Discuss examples of appropriate challenges and responses

9.1.2 Briefly discuss general provisions on ships’ routing referring to the Annual Notice to
Mariners


9.4 Errors
9.5 Use of Smart Phones and Tablets

9.5.1 Briefly discuss the errors of using smart phones and tablets
9.5.2 Briefly discuss characteristics of a program with valid charts
9.5.3 Briefly discuss external inputs required for smart phones and tablets

9.6.1 Practical demonstration of the ECS functions including routing and route monitoring.


10.2.1 Discuss the correct response as per IAMSAR for the following distress situations on a small
vessel with limited crew:
- Fire
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- Blackout
- Steering Failure
- Engine Failure
- Man Overboard
- Medical Emergency
10.3 Simulation
All students must perform simulated exercises to demonstrate effective competency in responding
to the following vessel emergencies:
1) Man Overboard
2) Steering Failure
3) Fire
4) Engine Failure
6.7 EVALUATION
Written
30 multiple-choice questions and 2 short answers covering the complete knowledge and competency of
the course. The passing mark is 70%.
Practical
1. A practical evaluation on the vessel’s simulator that will meet the requirements below and follow
the marking as outlined in Chapter 4 of this TP 4958.
2. The practical will be conducted a commercial or fishing vessel that is not more than 24 metres in
length.
3. The weather will be either night time navigation or reduced visibility.
4. The seas will not be more than 1 m and the winds not more than 15 knots.
5. The Student will need to plot one target. The situation can be head-on, crossing, or overtaking. The
Own vessel can be stand on or give way.
6. The student will need constructing the OT line, calculating the CPA, TCPA and Relative Speed.
The student will need to indicate the situation, identify the give way and stand on vessel, determine
and demonstrate the most appropriate action according to the Collision Regulations.
7. The student will need to maintain a proper watch and the ability to use all navigation equipment
including the RADAR to demonstrate the use parallel indexing for navigation.
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7. SIMULATED ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION FISHING (SEN-F)
7.1 GENERAL
This course is to meet the requirements of the Marine Personnel Regulations for the Fishing
Master Limited Waters, Fishing Officer Unlimited and Fishing Officer Limited certificate of
competency. The course will cover the requirements of the Standards of Training Certificate and
Watchkeeping for Fishing Vessel (STCW-F) Convention of 1995. These competencies will help
promote safety of life at sea, protection of marine environment in regards of training of fishing
masters and officers in the application of electronic navigation systems and instruments by
following standards regarding watchkeeping in accordance with the STCW-F 1995 Convention as
amended.

2. Student Training Manual for each participant ;
3. Simulator Exercise Manuals
4. Manoeuvring Boards;
5. Reference materials and publications;
6. Each simulator station must be provided with a manoeuvring book, and pilot card with the
7. DNV GL AS Class B (NAV) Bridge Operation or Class B (FISH) meeting the requirements
of the Maritime Simulator Systems Standards for Bridge Operations. *
8. The Class B (NAV) simulator shall meet the requirements set out in: Table 3-3 Physical
Realism item 1.1 including the subsections for Class B; Table 3-4 Behavioural realism
Items 2.1-2.9 for Class B; Table 3-5 Operating Environment items 3.1-3.19 for Class B;
and in addition instruments for control system for fire detection, fire alarm and lifeboat
alarm. *
OR
The Class B (FISH) simulator shall meet the requirements set out in: Table 14-3 Physical
Realism including the subsections for Class B; Table 14-4 Behavioural realism item 2.1
include subsections for Class B; Table 14-5 Operating Environment item 3.1 including
subsections for Class B.. *
* Note: the RI may use a Class A (NAV) or Class A (FISH) Bridge Operation Simulator that meets or
exceeds the above requirements
9. The simulator will also need to record and store exercises, as well as, print it off.
10. At least video monitoring equipment to allow for the instructor to see the student’s reaction.
Each simulator room must be able to be monitored from the instructor station.
*Although not required, audio monitoring will be beneficial to hear the student’s reactions and orders
being given.
11. A debriefing room to allow students to view the playback of the exercise.
12. Each Own Ship Simulator shall be isolated from one another and design in such a way the
level of sound such as student’s conversations and the ambient noise of the simulator is
kept at a minimum to avoid any distraction.
13. Own Ship Model: A fishing, seine or trawling vessel at least 45 metres in length
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14. Targets: Minimum targets for the data base to include- MOB, Tug, Tug and barge,
Commercial vessels, fishing vessels
15. Charts and publications of the training area for each simulator station.

Students must have successfully completed the following training examinations prior to register
for the SEN-F training course:
1. Radio Communication (ROC-MC)

2. Chartwork and Pilotage, Level 1* (C&P1)
3. Navigation Safety (NS1)
* Chartwork and Pilotage, Level 2 (C&P2) may be substituted for Chartwork and Pilotage, Level 1
(C&P1)
7.4 DURATION
7.5 COURSE OUTLINE
Hours
1. Introduction 1 hr
2. RADAR
1) RADAR-General 6 hrs 3 hrs
3) IMO Symbols and Controls
5) RADAR Errors
8) Simulator Familiarization
3. RADAR Plotting 17 hrs 15 hrs

1) Construction of Plot
2) Radar Plotting for Collision Avoidance

1) E-Loran 6 hrs 4 hrs
2) Satellite Navigation
3) Echo Sounder
4) AIS
5) Speed Log
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5. Compass 2 hrs
1) Marine Compasses
6. Vessel Manoeuvres 3 hrs 3 hrs

1) Definitions
2) Steering
3) Anchoring
4) Interactions
5) Vessel Manoeuvering
4 hrs 3 hrs
3) Bridge Records
4) Communications
8 hrs
1) Introduction to Resource Management
2) Communications
6) Leadership
5 hrs 6 hrs
9. Electronic Charting Systems (ECS) and Passage
Planning
1) Passage Planning
3) IHO symbols
5) Errors 2 hrs 6 hrs
10. Vessel Emergencies

Sub-total: 54 40
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7.6 COURSE SYLLABUS
1.1 Introduction

2.1 RADAR General
2.1.1 Define the acronym RADAR

2.1.2 Briefly discuss what is a RADAR
2.1.3 Briefly discuss X-band and S-band
2.1.4 Briefly discuss the compass safe distance
2.1.5 Discuss hazards of the RADAR
Display)
2.2.2 Demonstrate the ability to draw a block diagram using the 5 main components
2.2.3 Describe the basic function of each component
2.2.4 Describe what Brilliance, Tuning, Gain and Clutter adjusts
2.4 RADAR Target
2.4.1 Describe how a target’s characteristics affect its displayed echo on a RADAR screen

2.6 RADAR Errors
2.6.1 Describe user errors

2.6.2 Describe errors generated in the installation of the RADAR
2.6.3 Describe impacts of atmospheric conditions
2.6.4 Describe Indirect Echoes
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2.6.5 Describe Multiple Echoes

2.6.6 Describe Side Echoes
2.6.7 Describe Radar to Radar interference
2.6.8 Describe Second-trace echoes
2.6.9 Describe False Echoes such as power cables
2.6.10 Describe and understand how to correct for RADAR errors if possible

VRM
2.7.11 Demonstrate how to use the curser to achieve a range and bearing of land, a target and
object
2.7.12 Demonstrate how to use parallel indexing lines for navigation and course changes

1. Set-up and shut-down of the RADAR
2. Proper technique to set-up the RADAR in different weather conditions including reduced
visibility and night time navigation.
3. Technique to set up the RADAR in Head-Up, Course-Up, North Up
4. Proper technique to determine the position of the vessel using EBL, VRM, and curser in
stabilized and unstabilized presentations
5. Ability to plot the vessel’s position on the chart
6. Monitor the vessel’s track using parallel indexing lines, making allowance for current and wind
7. Use all the RADAR controls

3.1 Understand the Motion Triangle using OTM symbols
3.2 Construct the Motion Triangle using at least 3 plotting points and the OTM symbols in Relative
Motion-Heads Up, Course Up and North Up
3.2.4 Target’s True Course and Speed
3.2.5 Aspect
3.2.6 Calculate change of course, speed or course and speed of own ship for collision avoidance
to maintain a 2nm CPA in North Up
3.2.7 Calculate the time to resume course, speed or course and speed of own ship to maintain a
2nm CPA in North Up
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3.4 Recognize a course or speed change in the target.

3.5.1 Understanding of the Collision Regulations as applied to RADAR
3.5.2 Understanding of the Collision Regulations Part B Section I- III
3.5.3 A knowledge and understanding of the assessment, action and close-quarters situation
sectors of the 12nm range scale
3.5.4 An understanding of the use of the RADAR as a collision-warning device
3.5.5 Demonstrate the most appropriate and effective action in accordance with the Collision
Regulations
3.5.6 Evaluate the action taken and determine its effectiveness and recognize any supplementary
action is required ensuring it is in accordance with the Collision Regulations
3.5.8 Describe and demonstrate the function of manual plotting on the RADAR presentation

All students must be able to plot one and two targets in the simulator and:
1. Construct a MOT triangle in relative motion North Up.

2. Calculate and produce a full report (CPA, TCPA, Target’s true course and speed, aspect)
Regulations
6. The scenarios shall include: head-on, crossing, overtaking, and meetings in different weather
conditions including rough weather, reduce visibility, day and night time. The Own Ship shall
be the give way in some scenarios and the stand-on in other scenarios.
4) Electronic Systems for Navigation and Watchkeeping

6 hrs Lecture and 4 hrs Practical
4.1 E-Loran
4.1.1 Describe the components of the E-LORAN System

4.2 Satellite Navigation
4.2.1 Understanding of the GPS/DGPS/WAAS systems

4.2.2 Describe three (3) main segments of Global Positioning System (GPS)
4.2.3 Discuss the accuracy and reliability of the GPS/DGPS/WAAS systems
4.2.4 Describe the errors of GPS, DGPS and WAAS
4.2.5 Understanding of how to use GPS, DGPS and WAAS to determine the vessel’s position.
4.2.6 Discuss the GLONASS System
4.2.7 Discuss the Galileo System
4.2.8 Discuss other recognize satellite systems (including satellite-based augmentation system)
Note: DGPS is to be covered until Canada officially discontinues the service .
4.3 Echo Sounder

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4.2.1 Briefly describe the principals an Echo Sounder

4.2.2 Describe the main components of an Echo Sounder
4.4 AIS
4.4.1 Brief understanding of the AIS systems

4.4.2 Describe the types of messages the AIS system can send and receive
4.4.3 Demonstrate how to use AIS
4.4.4 Understanding and the ability to navigation using AIS Aids to Navigation (A to N)
4.5 Speed Log
4.5.1 Briefly discuss the principals of a speed log

4.5.2 Discuss the need for a speed log
4.5.3 Understanding of how to use a speed log and the information it provides
4.5.4 Identify the errors and limitations of the speed log
4.5.5 A knowledge of the operational manual
1. How to determine the vessels positon using GPS and DGPS/WAAS

2. Plot the vessels position on the chart using GPS and DGPS/WAAS
3. Set-up the AIS
4. Understand how to send and receive messages from the AIS system
5. Set-up and use of the Echo Sounder
6. Check the vessel’s position by verify with two navigational aids
7. Navigational Error
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5) Compass 2 hrs Lecture

5.1 Magnetic Compass
5.1.1 Briefly discuss the principals of the Magnetic Compass

5.1.2 Briefly discuss the advantages of the Magnetic Compass
5.1.3 Briefly discuss the disadvantage of the Magnetic Compass
5.1.4 Understanding the importance the magnetic compass in relation to metal and electronics
5.2. Gyro Compass
5.2.1 Briefly discuss the principals of the Gyro Compass

5.2.2 Briefly discuss the advantages of the Gyro Compass
5.2.3 Briefly discuss the disadvantage of the Gyro Compass
5.2.4 Briefly discuss the starting and stopping procedures for the Gyro Compass, including the
importance of caging

6) Vessel Manoeuvres 3 hrs Lecture and 3 hrs Practical
6.1 Definitions

6.1.2 Discuss the pivot point in relation to headway and sternway.
6.2 Manoeuvering
6.2.1 Discuss the vessel basic manoeuvring characteristics

6.2.2 Understand how to extract data from a typical manoeuvring curves
6.2.3 Understand how to use the extracted data from a typical manoeuvring curve
6.2.4 Understanding the practical measures to be taken in navigating in ice or with ice accretion
on board the vessel.
7) Steering
7.2 Anchoring
7.2.1 Explain how to choose an anchorage

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7.3 Interactions
7.3.1 Briefly discuss bank effect

7.3.2 Briefly discuss squat
7.3.3 Briefly discuss Ship to Ship interactions: Passing and Overtaking
* Can be conducted and evaluated while combining other simulations such as watchkeeping, passage
planning or radar plotting, as long as, there is no reduction in simulation hours.
Demonstrate the ability to manoeuver a fishing vessel in all conditions considering the following effects:
1. Shallow Water
2. Squat
3. Bank Suction
4. Tide
5. Current
6. Weather
7. Interaction of other vessels
8. Rolling and pitching

8.1.1. Understand and demonstrate the Watchkeeping Standards (As per STCW-F Annex-Chapter
IV Watchkeeping)
decision making
8.1.3 Discuss the Master-Pilot handover
8.1.4 Understanding how to maintain a proper watch with a pilot onboard.

8.2.2 Understanding situations where the Master is to be called
8.2 Bridge Records

Radio, Navigational Aids, Compass Error, etc.)
8.3 Communications
8.3.1 Review common marine radio communication phrases in English language referencing the
IMO Standard Marine Communications Phrases.
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8.3.2 Simulated exercise

*Can be conducted and evaluated while combining other simulations such as watchkeeping,
passage planning or radar plotting, as long as, there is no reduction in simulation hours.
1. Demonstrate the ability to maintain a watch as per the STCW-F
2. Demonstrate the ability to effectively and properly communicate using the requirements of 7.4
and with Marine Communications and Traffic Systems (MCTS) procedures.

9.2 Communications
manner
members

9.3.1 Understand how to allocate resources
9.3.5 Understand how to assign duties with respects to individuals and groups
9.3.6 Discuss common duties assigned to individuals and groups
9.3.7 Understand time constraints and the factors that cause time constraints
9.3.8 Understand how to prioritize resources
9.3.9 Understanding allocation

9.4.1 Describe the signs of fatigue
9.4.2 Understand the regulatory requirement for Hours of Rest on a fishing vessel
9.4.4 Briefly discuss stress and the signs of stress

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9.6 Leadership
10) Electronic Charting Systems (ECS) and Passage Planning 5 hrs Lecture and 6 hrs
Practical
10.1.1 Discuss the 4 principals of passage planning.
10.1.2 Discuss the different types of passage plans: Ocean, Coastal, Landfall, Pilotage and
Contingency.
10.1.3 Review and Understand Rule 10 of the Collision Regulations
Mariners
10.1.5 Prepare a passage plan of at least 20 nm in coastal waters near/in a traffic scheme

10.2.3 State the main characteristics of the principal types of electronic charts
10.2.4 Discuss the main characteristics of the display of ECS data and proper information for
navigational tasks
10.3 IHO Symbols

10.3.1 Briefly discuss the common IHO symbols on the ECS

10.5 Errors

10.6.1 Practical demonstration of the ECS functions including routing and route monitoring.
10.6.2 Operate the basic navigational functions and setting of the ECS
10.6.4 Demonstrate the specific functions for route planning and how to obtain all relevant
information
10.6.4 Execute and monitor a passage plan in and near a traffic scheme using Rule 10 and the
Annual Notice to Mariners.
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11.1.2 Describe the procedure and information required to give a distress, urgent and security
call
11.1.4 Describe how to relay a distress call to other stations.
11.2.1 Discuss the correct response as per IAMSAR for the following distress situations on a
fishing vessel with limited crew and resources:
- Fire
- Blackout
- Steering Failure
- Engine Failure
- Man Overboard
- Medical Emergency
- Search and Rescue
11.2.2 Discuss the use of navigational aids to assist with Search and Rescue operations.
11.2.3 Review the various types of SARTs.
11.3 Simulation
All students must perform simulated exercises to demonstrate effective competency in responding to
the following vessel emergencies:
1. Man Overboard
2. Steering Failure
3. Fire
4. Engine Failure
5. Blackout
8) ELECTRONIC POSITIONING SYSTEMS (EPS)
8.1 GENERAL
The course will cover the requirements of the Standards of Training Certificate and
Watchkeeping (STCW) Convention of 1978. It will provide the student a thorough knowledge,
understanding and competency in the use of the electronic navigational aids use to plot the
vessel’s position and progress. These competencies will help promote safety of life at sea,
protection of marine environment.
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4. Owner’s Manuals of the Navigational Equipment;
5. The Classroom requirements of Chapter 1 Section 1.8 of this TP

Nil
8.4 DURATION
8.5 COURSE OUTLINE
Hours
SUBJECT AREA Lecture
1. Introduction
PART 1: Plan and Conduct a Passage and Determine Position
1. Knowledge of Electronic systems of Position Fixing

1.1 Introduction to Hyperbolic positioning System
1.2 E-Loran
1.3 Global Navigation Satellite Systems
1.4 GPS systems
1.5 GLONASS and GALILEO systems
2. Knowledge of electronic depth sounding system and speed and

distance measurement
2.1 Echo-sounders systems
2.2 Logs
3. Knowledge of electronic depth sounding system and speed and

distance measurement
3.1 AIS
3.2 VDR
4. Knowledge of ship’s compass and steering system

4.1 Magnetism of the earth and ship deviation
4.2 The Magnetic Compass
4.3 The Gyro-Compass
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4.4 Fluxgate compass

4.5 Steering control system components
PART 2: Use of RADAR and ARPA to Maintain Safety of Navigation
1. Knowledge of the basic theory and operation of a marine

Radar System
1.1 Fundamental principles of a radar system
1.2 Radiation hazard and precautions and safe distance
1.3 Recognize that radar consists of computer component
1.4 Characteristics of radar sets and factors affecting performance
1.5 Factors external to the radar set affecting detection
1.6 Factor which might cause faulty interpretation of the radar
picture
2. Knowledge of the basic theory and operation of a marine

Radar System
2.1 IMO Performance standards for radar equipment
3. Knowledge of the set up and the operation of Radar in

accordance with manufacturer’s instructions
3.1 Set up and maintain optimum radar display
4. Knowledge of an ARPA System

4.1 ARPA systems displays characteristics
4.2 IMO performance standards for ARPA
4.3 Acquisition of targets principles
4.4 ARPA tracking capabilities and limitations
4.5 ARPA processing delays
Total of hours 90
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8.6 COURSE SYLLABUS
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
PART 1: Plan and Conduct a Passage and Determine Position
1) Knowledge of Electronic Systems of Position Fixing

1.1 Introduction to Hyperbolic positioning System
1.1.1 Ability to describe, with reference to position fixing, the nature of a hyperbola
1.1.2 The principles of the hyperbolae being position lines and ability to draw a hyperbolic
pattern
1.1.3 The causes of ambiguity and reduced accuracy in the baseline extension area
1.1.4 Method of ascertaining position
1.2 E-Loran
1.2.1 Knowledge of the E-Loran system
1.2.2 The basic operating principles of E-Loran
1.2.3 The principal difference between E-Loran and traditional Loran-C
1.2.4 The use of E-Loran when satellite services are disrupted;
1.2.5 Ability to describe the control, operating and monitoring systems of E-Loran
1.2.6 The view mode and signal tracking of E-Loran
1.2.7 The advantages and limitations of E-Loran
1.3 Global Navigation Satellite Systems

1.3.1 The principles of operation of global navigation satellite systems
1.3.2 The intended level of accuracy of the system
1.4 GPS systems

1.4.1 The basic principles of the GPS
1.4.2 Ability to describe the system configuration
1.4.3 Atomic clock signal information
1.4.4 The frequencies that are used
1.4.5 Ability to describe the C/A & P codes
1.4.6 How the basic line measurement is obtained
1.4.7 The Dilution of Precision (DOP)
1.4.8 The various DOPs that are used
1.4.9 The various errors of GPS
1.4.10 Selective availability
1.4.11 What is WGS 84
1.4.12 Datum shifts
1.4.13 The advantages and limitation of GPS
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1.4.14 The basic principle of Differential GPS

1.4.15 The basic principle of WAAS
1.4.16 The relationship between DGPS and WAAS
1.4.17 DGPS frequency
1.4.18 The limitation of the DGPS receiver
1.4.19 Ability to set-up and initialize a GPS/DGPS/WAAS receiver
1.5 GLONASS, GALILEO and other international satellite systems

1.5.1 The principle on which GLONASS works;
1.5.2 The different satellite constellation configurations under GLONASS and GPS
respectively;
1.5.3 The advantage of the receiver capable of operating both GLONASS and GPS (
combined GPS/GLONASS system receiver);
1.5.4 The limitation of the GLONASS system receiver;
1.5.5 The principles of Galileo as the European satellite navigation system;
1.5.6 Ability to describe that Galileo comprises 30 medium earth orbit (MEO) satellites in 3
circular orbits;
1.5.7 The satellite geometry and dual atomic clocks in the Galileo system;
1.5.8 The limitations of Galileo system receiver;
1.5.9 The principles of other International Satellite Systems;
1.5.10 The limitations of the other International Satellite Systems;
1.5.11 The limitations of the other International system receiver;
1.5.12 Do other satellite systems work with a GPS receiver and the limitations of this ability
2) Knowledge of Electronic Depth Sounding System and Speed and Distance

Measurement
2.1 Echo-sounders systems

2.1.1 The principles of echo sounding
2.1.2 The principles of sound transmission in water
2.1.3 How an echo sounder uses sound to perform its functions
2.1.4 The components of an echo sounder and the principal components
2.1.5 Ability to describe the function and operational maintenance of each principal component
2.1.6 Ability to demonstrate the setting up procedure for an echo sounder:
2.1.7 Ability to list the controls found on an echo sounder
2.1.8 Ability to demonstrate the function of each control;
2.1.9 Ability to prepare an echo sounder display for use
2.1.10 The use of the echo sounder data
2.1.11 Application of echo sounder data to general navigation
2.1.12 Application of echo sounder data to specific navigation
2.1.13 The errors and limitations of an echo sounder
2.1.14 List and describe the errors of an echo sounder
2.1.15 List and describe the limitations of an echo sounder
2.1.16 The causes of inaccuracies to instrument or scale error and their likely magnitude and
measures that may be taken to eliminate them;
2.1.17 Recognise the various types of false echo that may be observed, describe their formation and
state the possible action to remove them from the trace;
2.1.18 The potential error due to trim, heel and transducer separation
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2.2 Logs
2.2.1 Name the different types of log.
2.2.2 The need for a log;
2.2.3 Ability to determine the speed of the vessel;
2.2.4 Ability to determine the distance traveled by the vessel;
2.2.5 Ability to determine the log error;
2.2.6 Ability to identify the information given by a log;
2.2.7 Ability to identify the vessel’s speed through the water; and
2.2.8 Ability to find the vessel’s speed over the ground.
3) Knowledge of the Basic Principle and the Operational Use of AIS and VDR
System
3.1 AIS
3.1.1 The AIS Concepts and IMO standards
3.1.2 AIS Data, information and frequencies
3.1.3 AIS Ship Installation
3.1.4 AIS data overlays on ECDIS/ ARPA display
3.1.5 Ability to use the AIS at sea
3.2 VDR
3.2.1 The function and carriage requirements of VDR
3.2.2 Knowledge of VDR IMO standards
3.2.3 Knowledge of VDR types
4) Knowledge of ship’s compass and steering system
4.1 Magnetism of the earth and ship deviation

4.1.1 The theory of magnetism as applied to ferromagnetic materials
4.1.2 Ability to describe a simple magnet, its poles and the law of attraction and repulsion
4.1.3 Ability to describe the magnetic field around a magnet; Ability to describe magnetic
induction and differentiates between hard and soft iron
4.1.4 The meaning of the terms: intensity of magnetization, permeability, magnetic
susceptibility (no mathematical formula required)
4.1.5 Ability to describe the magnetic field of the earth
4.1.6 Definition of magnetic poles and magnetic equator
4.1.7 Definition of angle of dip
4.1.8 How the earth’s total field can be split into horizontal and vertical components
4.1.9 Definition of magnetic variation and why it is a slowly changing quantity
4.1.10 Ability to describe the compass needle in relation with the horizontal components of the
earth’s field and the field due to the ship’s magnetism
4.1.11 The effect of introducing a disturbing magnetic force into the vicinity of a compass
needle
4.1.12 Ability to use a vector diagram to find the field at a point resulting from two given
fields
4.2 The Magnetic Compass

4.2.1 Ability to sketch and describe the construction and the composition of a liquid magnetic
card
4.2.2 How the card is kept practically horizontal in all latitudes
4.2.3 Ability to describe all the components elements of a magnetic compass
4.2.4 Ability to describe magnetic compass liquid
4.2.5 Definition of deviation
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4.2.6 Ability to illustrate with sketches the deviation on various heading produced by
permanent magnetism with a pole or poles lying in the plane of the compass card
4.2.7 How deviation chart is made
4.2.8 The precaution to be made around magnetic compass
4.2.9 Maintenance, error verification and compass adjustments
4.3 The Gyro-Compass

4.3.1 The basic principle of a gyro-compass
4.3.2 Free gyroscope and its gimbal mounting
4.3.3 What is meant by gyroscopic inertia and precession
4.3.4 What is meant by tilt and drift
4.3.5 The apparent movement of the gyroscope on the earth’s surface, given its position and
initial latitude
4.3.6 How a free gyroscope can be made north-seeking by the use of gravity control and
describe the resulting oscillation of the axis;
4.3.7 The use of damping in azimuth and damping in tilt to cause settling of the axis;
4.3.8 How control and damping can be achieved;
4.3.9 Ability to describe a familiar gyro-compass with particular reference to:
a) The method of support;
b) Control and damping arrangement;
c) The method of maintaining the heading indication in line with the axis of the gyro;
d) The transmission of the heading to repeaters.
4.3.10 The performance standard for heading control systems;
4.3.11 Ability to describe the starting and stopping procedure for a gyrocompass;
4.3.12 Ability to demonstrate the correct starting procedure;
4.3.13 Ability to describe the correct stopping procedure;
4.3.14 Ability to describe the set-up procedure for a gyrocompass repeater system;
a) What are the various applications of gyrocompass repeaters:
b) Describe the set-up procedure for each type;
c) Describes how gyro heading input is supplied to radar installation.
4.3.15 The alarms fitted to a gyro-compass;
4.3.16 The operational checks and performance monitoring functions to be performed on a
gyro-compass and repeaters;
4.3.17 The checks required for a gyro-compass;
4.3.18 The documentation necessary:
a) The limitations of a gyro-compass;
b) The effect of each limitation.
4.4 Fluxgate compass

4.4.1 Definition of singles axis and dual axis of a fluxgate compass;
4.4.2 Ability to explain basic operation;
4.4.3 Explain Transmitting Magnetic Compass;
4.4.4 Solid state type.
4.5 Steering control system components

4.5.1 The principles of an automatic pilot system;
4.5.2 The functions of the manual settings;
4.5.3 The procedures for change-over from automatic to manual steering and vice-versa;
4.5.4 What is meant by an adaptive automatic pilot and how it functions;
4.5.5 The course monitor and off-course alarm;
4.5.6 The operation of the course recorder log;
4.5.7 The other alarms fitted to the system;
4.5.8 The regulation regarding the use of the automatic pilot;
4.5.9 The recommendation on performance, standards for automatic pilots.
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PART 2: Use of RADAR and ARPA to Maintain Safety of Navigation
a. Knowledge of the basic theory and operation of a marine Radar System

1.1 Fundamental principles of a radar system
1.1.1 The principles of range and bearing measurement;
1.1.2 The function and siting of component.
1.2 Radiation hazard and precautions and safe distance

1.2.1 The importance of not storing radar spares nearer to magnetic compasses than the specified
safe distance;
1.2.2 The safety precaution necessary in the vicinity of open equipment and the radiation hazard
near antennae and open waveguides
1.3 Recognize that radar consists of computer component

1.3.1 The main components of a computer system: input device, output device, printed circuit
board, Central Processing Unit (CPU), Memory
1.3.2 Relate computer processing to radar:
- analogue and digital concepts
- analogue to digital converter
- auto-tuning
- auto-clutter
- rails, manual plotting
- Image expansion and
- Image averaging
1.4 Characteristics of radar sets and factors affecting performance

1.4.1 The relationship between maximum range and pulse recurrence frequency;
1.4.2 The relationship between detection range and transmitted energy (power and pulse length);
The relationship between minimum range and pulse length;
1.4.3 The effects on bearing and range accuracy of beam width, heading marker error, centring
error, yawing, parallax, variable range marker and gyro error;
1.4.4 The effects on bearing discrimination beam width, spot size, plan position indicator tube
size, pulse length, gain;
1.4.5 The difference between x-band radar and S-band radar (Frequencies, antennas);
1.4.6 Advantage and disadvantage of X-band Radar;
1.4.7 Advantage and disadvantage of S-band Radar
1.5 Factors external to the radar set affecting detection

1.5.1 Ability to use the equation for the distance to the radar horizon and ability to explain the
relationship between antenna location and detection ranges;
1.5.2 The effect of variations in refraction on radar detection range (super refraction, sub
refraction, surface duct, elevated duct);
1.5.3 The effect of precipitation on radar detection ranges (rain, hail, snow fog); Ability to
identify blind areas and shadow areas, permanent blind and shadow sectors and their
relationship to the antenna location;
1.5.4 How characteristics of targets influence their detection range (aspect, shape, composition,
size);
1.5.5 How clutter may mask targets (sea clutter and rain clutter).
1.6 Factor which might cause faulty interpretation of the radar picture
1.6.1 Relative motion and true motion presentation;
1.6.2 The cause and effect of interference;
1.6.3 The cause and effect of side echoes;
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1.6.4 The cause and effect of indirect echoes;

1.6.5 The cause and effect of multiple echoes;
1.6.6 The cause and effect of second trace echoes;
1.6.7 The effect on radar performance of power lines and bridge crossing rivers and estuaries;
1.6.8 The effect of the ship in seaway;
1.6.9 The effect of ship in ice covered water
b. Knowledge of the basic theory and operation of a marine Radar System

2.1 IMO Performance standards for radar equipment
2.1.1 The performances standards contained in Res. 477(XII), annexe 4,
2.1.2 Recommendation on performance Standards for Radar equipment as amended by IMO
resolution MSC.64 (67) Annex 4;
2.1.3 Required accuracy (range and bearing measurement);
2.1.4 Required discrimination (range and bearing);
2.1.5 Carriage requirement for radar as mentioned in the Navigation Safety regulation
SOR/2005-134.
c. Knowledge of the set up and the operation of Radar in accordance with

manufacturer’s instructions
3.1 Set up and maintain optimum radar display

3.1.1 Ability to operate main controls (Power, antenna);
3.1.2 Ability to operate transmitter controls (Standby/transit, pulse length, PRF);
3.1.3 Ability to adjust receiver controls to give an optimal picture (tuning, gain,
linear/logarithmic gain, sensitivity time control, fast time control);
3.1.4 Ability to adjust display controls (brilliance, illumination, focus, shift, range selector, range
rings, VRM, EBL, mechanical cursor, heading marker, anti-clutter);
3.1.5 The presentation of: Head-up, Course-up, North-up, relative motion mode, True motion
mode;
3.1.6 The function of each radar display control;
3.1.7 The operation of radar in high speed Craft (ref. High Speed Craft Code);
3.1.8 Routine radar checks;
3.1.9 The periodic operational checks to be performed by the radar operator;
3.1.10 The purpose and the contents of radar logs.
d. Knowledge of an ARPA System

4.1 ARPA systems displays characteristics
4.1.1 Different display characteristics: Vectors, graphics, digital read-out, PPC, PAD;
4.1.2 Different ways in which targets may be acquired;
4.1.3 The sensors that supply ARPA input data;
4.1.4 The processing of the input data;
4.1.5 The ARPA output displays.
4.2 IMO performance standards for ARPA

4.2.1 IMO performance standards for ARPA as mentioned inside IMO Resolution A.823(19),
Annex, Recommendation on Performance Standards for Automatic Radar Plotting Aids
(ARPAs);
4.2.2 The requirements for acquisition and tracking targets;
4.2.3 The requirements for accuracy of ARPA;
4.2.4 Operational warning required;
4.2.5 Which data which should be available in alphanumeric form;
4.2.6 The effects of sensor errors for ARPA equipment complying with IMO performance
standards; Performance standards for gyro and log inputs;
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4.2.7 The performance standards for range and bearing accuracy and discrimination of radar;
Knowledge of ARPA IMO symbols;
4.2.8 Carriage requirement for ARPA as mentioned in the Navigation Safety regulation
SOR/2005-134.
4.3 Acquisition of targets principles

4.3.1 The criteria for target acquisition;
4.3.2 The criteria for automatic selection of targets given in the set’s instruction manual;
4.3.3 The criteria to be used for manual acquisition targets;
4.3.4 The maximum number of targets which may be acquired;
4.3.5 Appropriate use of suppression of target acquisition over certain areas.
4.4 ARPA tracking capabilities and limitations

4.4.1 Target tracking by ARPA;
4.4.2 How targets are lost and alarm activated;
4.4.3 Common circumstances leading to target swop;
4.4.4 The effect of target swop on displayed data.
4.5 ARPA processing delays

4.5.1 The delay in the display of processed ARPA data after target acquisition;
4.5.2 Delay in the display of new data when the target ship manoeuvres
8.7 EVALUATION
The evaluation is a written evaluation. Passing mark to obtain the TCMSS training certificate is 70%.
The final written evaluation shall:
1) Cover all of the course content and consists of a written test comprising multiple-choice and
descriptive questions;
2) Be divided into three sections;
3) The three sections are as follows:
a) 20 multiple choice questions worth two marks each;
b) 5 multiple choice questions worth 4 points each;
c) 1 descriptive questions on “Radar/ARPA” worth 20 marks each; and
d) 1 descriptive question on the compass worth 20 marks.
4) The evaluation shall be three hours of duration;
5) The RI’s examination policies and procedures must be followed; and
6) Any other equivalency may be considered on a case by case basis.
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9. SIMULATED ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION OPERATIONAL

(SEN-O)
9.1 GENERAL
The course will cover the requirements of the Standards of Training Certificate and Watchkeeping
(STCW) Convention of 1978. It will provide the student a thorough knowledge of the application of
the Collision Regulations and the principles to be observed in keeping a navigational watch in a
simulated environment while using electronic aids to plot the vessel’s position and progress.
Students will also gain the skills to take necessary action to avoid collision without putting the
vessel at risk. It will also, provide a thorough knowledge on bridge resource management basic
principles; leadership and teamwork skills. These competencies will help promote safety of life at
sea, protection of marine environment.

7. DNV GL AS Class B (NAV) Bridge Operation or Class A (NAV) Bridge Operation meeting the
requirements of the Maritime Simulator Systems Standards for Bridge Operations.
8. The Class B simulator or Class A Simulator shall meet the requirements set out in: Table 3-3
Physical Realism item 1.1 including the subsections for Class B or Class A; Table 3-4
Behavioural realism Items 2.1-2.9 for Class B or Class A; Table 3-5 Operating Environment
items 3.1-3.19 for Class B or Class A; and in addition instruments for Anchoring Controls
indication of navigational lights, AIS and control system for fire detection, fire alarm and
lifeboat alarm.
*Although not required, audio monitoring will be beneficial to hear the student’s reactions and orders being
given.
12. Each Own Ship Simulator shall be isolated from one another and design in such a way the level
of sound such as student’s conversations and the ambient noise of the simulator is kept at a
minimum to avoid any distraction.
13. Own Ship Model: At least 150 m in length but not more than 200 m in length, single screwed
14. Targets: Minimum targets for the data base to include- MOB, Fishing vessel, tug, tug and barge,
pleasure craft (or small vessel which could be simulated as one); ferry, commercial vessels
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Students must have successfully completed the following training course and examinations prior to
register for the SEN-O training course:
1) Electronic Positioning System (EPS)

2) Radio Communication (ROC-MC);
3) Chartwork and Pilotage, Level 2 (C&P2)*;
4) Navigation Safety (NS1)*;
*NOTE: If the student is enrolled in a cadet training program; the student should have a good foundation and
understanding of Chartwork and the Collision Regulations before starting this course.
9.4 DURATION
9.5 COURSE OUTLINE

Hours
2. RADAR
1) RADAR-General 3 hrs 6 hrs
2) RADAR Target
4) RADAR Errors
6) Simulator Familiarization
3. RADAR Plotting
1) OTM Triangle 30 hrs 20 hrs
2) Radar Plotting for Collision
Avoidance
3) Interpreting the information from
the Plot
4) Recognize course or speed change
of the target
6 hrs 4hrs
4. Electronic Systems for Navigation
and Watchkeeping
2) Echo Sounder
3) AIS
4) BNWAS
5) Integrated Systems 2 hrs 8 hrs
6) Navigational Aids Errors
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5. ARPA-Operational Level
1) ARPA 3 hrs 4 hrs
2) Target Tracking
6. Vessel Manoeuvres 4 hrs 4 hrs

1) Definitions
2) Manoeuvering
3) Steering
4) Effect of the Environment
5) Interactions
6) Anchoring
3) Bridge Records
4) Communications
6 hrs 5 hrs
1) Introduction to Resource
Management
2) Communications
3) Exchange of information
4) Pilot Relationship
9. Passage Planning
1) Passage Planning 5 hrs
2) Navigational Lines

1) Distress, Urgent and Security 2 hrs 6 hrs
Calls
2) Shipboard Emergencies
Sub-total: 62 58
9.6 COURSE SYLLABUS

1) Introduction 1 hr
Lecture
1.1 Introduction

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2.1 RADAR General
2.1.1 Briefly review X-Band and S-Band
2.1.2 Briefly review the 5 main component of the RADAR Power, Transmitter, Antenna,
Receiver, Display)
2.2 RADAR Target

2.2.1 Describe how a target’s characteristics affect its displayed echo on a RADAR screen

2.4 RADAR Errors

2.4.1 Briefly review the errors of the RADAR
2.4.2 Briefly review how to correct the errors of the RADAR, if possible

2.5.9 Demonstrate how to achieve a range and bearing of land, a target and object using EBL
and VRM
2.5.11 Demonstrate how to use the curser to achieve a range and bearing of land, a target and
object

1. Set-up and shut-down of the RADAR
2. Proper technique to set-up the RADAR in different weather conditions Proper technique to
set-up the RADAR in different weather conditions including reduced visibility and night time
navigation.
3. Technique to set up the RADAR in Head-Up, Course-Up, North Up
4. Proper technique to determine the position of the vessel using EBL, VRM, and curser in
stabilized and unstabilized presentations
5. Ability to plot the vessel’s position on the chart
6. Use all the RADAR controls
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a. Understand the Motion Triangle using OTM symbols
b. Construct the Motion Triangle using at least 3 plotting points and the OTM symbols in Relative
Motion-Heads Up, Course Up and North Up and be able to calculate the following:
i. Determine the Closest Point of Approach (CPA)
ii. Determine Relative Speed
iii. Determine the Time of CPA (TCPA)
iv. Target’s True Course and Speed
v. Aspect
vi. Calculate change of course for collision avoidance to maintain a 2nm CPA off all targets.
vii. Calculate speed for collision avoidance to maintain a 2nm CPA off all targets.
viii. Calculate course and speed of own ship for collision avoidance to maintain a 2nm CPA off
all targets.
ix. Calculate the time to resume course to resume the original course of own ship to maintain a
2nm CPA off all targets
x. Calculate the speed to resume the original speed of own ship to maintain a 2nm CPA off all
targets
xi. Calculate course and speed to resume the original course and speed of own ship to maintain
a 2nm CPA off all targets
xii. Calculate the time to resume course to resume the original planned track of own ship to
maintain a 2nm CPA off all targets
xiii. Calculate the speed or course and speed to resume the original planned track of own ship to
maintain a 2nm CPA off all targets
xiv. Calculate course and speed to resume the original planned track of own ship to maintain a
2nm CPA off all targets
c. Understand the situation from interpreting the information from the plot
d. Recognize a course or speed change in the target.
e. Collision Avoidance
i. Understanding of the Collision Regulations as applied to RADAR
ii. Understanding of the Collision Regulations Part B Section I- III
iii. A knowledge and understanding of the assessment, action and close-quarters situation sectors
of the 12nm range scale
iv. An understanding of the use of the RADAR as a collision-warning device
v. Demonstrate the most appropriate and effective action in accordance with the Collision
Regulations
vi. Evaluate the action taken and determine its effectiveness and recognize any supplementary
action is required ensuring it is in accordance with the Collision Regulations
vii. Demonstrate the use of echo trails
viii. Describe and demonstrate the function of manual plotting on the RADAR presentation
ix. Describe and demonstrate how to use parallel indexing lines for plotting a target
f. Simulated exercise
All students must be able to plot one target and two targets in the simulator and:
1. Construct a MOT Triangle for each target in Unstabilized Heads Up and in Stabilized Relative
Motion North Up
2. Calculate and produce a full report for each target (CPA, TCPA, Target’s true course and
speed, aspect)
Regulations
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6. Calculate the most appropriate action on the paper plot

7. If action is required by Own Ship, calculate the time to resume back to the original course,
speed or course and speed
8. If action is required by Own Ship, calculate the time to resume back to the planned track
conditions including rough weather, reduce visibility, day and night time. The Own Ship shall
be the give way in some scenarios and the stand-on in other scenarios.
10. Construct a True Motion Plot of one target and calculate a full report as outline in item 2 of this
list.
4) Electronic Systems for Navigation and Watchkeeping 6hrs Lecture and 4 hrs
Practical
4.1 E-Loran

4.2.1 Review the GPS, DGPS/WAAS, GLONASS, Galileo and other recognized satellite
systems
4.2.2 Review other recognize satellite-based augmentation system
4.2.4 Understanding of how to use satellite navigation systems to determine the vessel’s
position.
4.3 Echo Sounder

4.3.2 Discuss and demonstrate how to use the Echo Sounder for navigational purposes.
4.4 AIS- Automated Information System

4.4.1 Brief review on the AIS system and the type of messages it can receive
4.4.2 Demonstrate how to set up the AIS
4.4.3 Demonstrate how to acquire information from targets
4.4.4 Demonstrate how to send and receive messages
4.5 Speed Log

4.5.1 Briefly discuss the principals of a speed log
4.5.2 Discuss the need for a speed log
4.5.3 Understanding of how to use a speed log and the information it provides
4.5.4 Identify the errors and limitations of the speed log
4.6 BNWAS-Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm System

4.6.1 Brief discuss on the BNWAS System
4.6.2 Review of the IMO resolutions and guidance documents and Canadian Regulations for
BNWAS Systems
4.6.3 Review the carriage requirements for BNWAS
4.6.4 Discuss the errors of the BNWAS
4.7 Integrated Bridge Systems

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4.7.1 Define Integrated Bridge Systems (IBS), Integrated Navigation Systems (INS), Human
machine interface, workstation and failure analysis
4.7.2 Brief discussion on the IBS and INS systems
4.7.3 Review of the IMO Guidance for the use documents for IBS
4.7.4 Discuss the alarms and warnings
4.7.5 Discuss the failure analysis and any errors of the system
4.8 Navigational Aid Errors

4.8.1 Understand the proper actions the OOW needs to take in response of a navigational aid
error. This would include but not limited to: Radio, AIS, GPS, DGPS, WAAS, Echo
Sounder, Compass, Speed log, RADAR
decision making.
4.9 Simulated Exercises

1. How to determine the vessels positon using GPS and DGPS/WAAS
2. Plot the vessels position on the chart using GPS and DGPS/WAAS
3. Set-up the AIS
4. Understand how to send and receive messages from the AIS system
5. Set-up and use of the Echo Sounder
6. Check the vessel’s position by verify with at least two navigational aids
7. If the simulator is fitted with IBS, the RI may do an exercise to demonstrate the use of IBS
8. Navigational Error: introduce a navigational error and have the student properly respond with
the best course of action.
5) ARPA-Operational Level 2 hrs Lecture and 8 hrs Practical

5.1 ARPA
5.1.1 Brief Review of the ARPA system
5.1.2 Define Target Tracking Device
5.1.3 Review the Target Report (Range, Bearing, Course, Speed CPA, TCPA, BCPA, BTCPA,
etc)
5.1.4 Discuss and demonstrate how to set up CPA and TCPA limits
5.1.5 Discuss and demonstrate how to show the Target report for one or more targets
5.1.6 Understand the difference between True Vectors and Relative Vectors
5.1.7 Review IMO guidance to use the ARPA or Target Tracking Device
5.1.8 Discuss AIS overlay on the ARPA
5.1.9 Discuss the discrepancies between AIS and ARPA, which should be used
5.1.10 Briefly review errors and how to correct if possible
5.2 Target Tracking

5.2.1 Brief Review on Guard Rings, Guard Zones, and Trial Manoeuvres
5.2.2 Brief Review of automatic acquisition of targets vs manual acquisition of targets
a. Simulated Exercises
All students must be able to determine the following with at least 5 and 10 targets:
1. Demonstrate the use of Guard Rings, Guard Zones and Manual Plotting
2. Produce a report for each target (CPA, TCPA, Target’s true course and speed )
3. Maintain situational awareness and provide the location of each vessel, CPA and TCPA
upon request
4. Determine if the target’s course, speed or course and speed has changed. Also understand
how this will impact the own ship.
5. Use the Trial Manoeuver to alter the Own Ship’s course, speed or course and speed
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6. Interpret the information from the Trial Manoeuvre

7. Demonstrate how to use the AIS overlay and obtain information to assist with the decision
process to determine the most appropriate action
Regulations
10. The scenarios shall include: head-on, crossing, overtaking, and meetings in different
weather conditions including rough weather, reduce visibility, day and night time. The Own
Ship shall be the give way in some scenarios and the stand-on in other scenarios.
6) Vessel Manoeuvres 3 hrs Lecture and 4 hrs Practical

6.1 Definitions
6.1.1 Define: Pivot Point; Headway; Sternway; Transfer; Advance; Drift Angle; Tactical
Diameter, Track Reach; Head Reach; Side Reach, Directional Stability and Wheelover
6.1.2 Discuss the pivot point in relation to headway and sternway.
6.2 Manoeuvering
6.2.1 Compare the turning circle of a ship in loaded and ballasted conditions
6.2.2 Compare the turning circle of a ship at different speeds
6.2.3 Discuss the Rate of Turn indicator and how it assists in the turning of a vessel
6.2.4 Discuss how to accelerate or decelerate a turn
6.2.5 Compare and discuss the stopping distance of a vessel in loaded and ballasted condition
6.2.6 Briefly discuss the reduction of speed during a turn under steady engine power
6.2.7 Briefly discuss under-keel clearance and the relationship with the size of a turning circle
6.2.8 Discuss the steering behaviour of directionally stable and unstable ships
6.3 Steering
6.3.5 Explain the procedure to give a helm order. Discuss the various orders that can be given.
6.4 Effect of the Environment

6.4.1 Understanding the practical measures to be taken by the OOW when navigating in ice
6.4.2 Discuss how the wind’s strength and direction effects the vessel. Also how the vessel’s
above-water area and profile, draft, and the vessel’s movement determine the wind’s
effects.
6.4.3 Discuss at which vessel speeds the wind prevents the vessel from maintaining course.
6.4.4 Discuss how wind effects the turning of the vessel and the ability for the vessel to make
sternway
6.4.5 Discuss the effect of current on the motion of the ship
6.4.6 Discuss the strongest currents are in rivers and narrow channels (outside the bend and
centre of straight channels)
6.4.7 Briefly discuss how to use currents of different strengths to navigate in a river or channel
6.5 Interactions
6.5.1 Define Bank Effect, Bank Suction, Bank Cushion and Squat
6.5.2 Briefly discuss the effects of squat on the vessel
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6.5.3 Briefly discuss how to minimize the effects of squat on the vessel
6.5.4 Briefly discuss the effects of bank effect
6.6 Anchoring
6.6.1 Explain how to prepare the vessel before going to anchor as the OOW. This includes any
safety briefing with the anchor party
6.6.2 Briefly discuss the approach to the anchorage and the importance of knowing the current
and wind
6.6.3 Describe the anchor buoy
6.6.4 Describe how to report back to the bridge of the length of cable out and the direction.
6.6.5 Discuss how to determine when the vessel is brought up
6.6.6 Describe the procedure to let go the anchor in shallow water and deep water
6.6.7 Describe how to let go, secure and heave up the anchor. Including any preparations and
briefings
6.6.8 Describe what the visual and audio signals for a vessel at anchor referring to the Collision
Regulations.

Demonstrate the ability to manoeuver a vessel in all conditions considering the following effects:
1. Shallow Water
2. Squat
3. Bank Suction
4. Tide
5. Current
6. Weather
*NOTE: Can be conducted and evaluated while combining other simulations such as watchkeeping, passage
planning or radar plotting, as long as, there is no reduction in simulation hours.

7.1.1 Understand and demonstrate the Watchkeeping Standards principals (As per STCW Code,
Part A-Chapter VIII) for a watch at sea, at anchor, in port and for cargo operations.
7.1.2 Describe the recommended action of operational guidance for the OOW as per STCW Code,
Part A- Chapter VIII.
7.1.3 Thorough understanding the responsibility of the OOW is to mitigate the situation until the
Master has taken control of the vessel
7.1.5 Understand and demonstrate the procedures when the vessel encounters reduce visibility as
OOW
7.1.6 Understand and demonstrate the procedures when the vessel departs a port as OOW
7.1.7 Understand and demonstrate the procedure to prepare the vessel for arrival in a port as OOW

7.2.1 Understand the purpose of the Company’s, Master’s Standing Orders and Master’s Night
Orders
7.2.2 Thorough understanding of the situations where the Master is to be called
7.2.3 Demonstrate how to properly call the Master and inform the Master of the situation
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7.3 Bridge Records

7.4 Communications

1. Demonstrate the ability to maintain a watch as per the STCW
2. Demonstrate the ability to effectively and properly communicate using the requirements of
7.4 and with Marine Communications and Traffic Systems (MCTS) procedures.
3. Demonstrate the ability to call the Master and properly brief the Master of the situation

8.1.4 Explain the roles of responsibility for safety is clearly defined at all times including
periods when the master is present on the bridge.
8.2 Communications
manner
members
8.2.4 Discuss and demonstrate how to give instructions to be a lookout to a crewmember
8.3 Exchange of information

8.3.1 Discuss the information to be exchanged at watch hand-over at sea, at anchor, in port and
during cargo operations.
8.3.2 Discuss the information to be exchanged when giving the con to the Master
8.3.3 Discuss the procedure if the relieving officer is not fit for duty
8.4 Pilot Relationship

8.4.1 Describe a Pilot Card and the information it must contain.
8.4.2 Prepare a Pilot Card
8.4.3 Understand who has control of the vessel when a pilot is onboard.
8.4.4 Briefly discuss the unique operations of the Panama Canal Pilots and anywhere else in the
world the pilots have control of the vessel.
8.4.5 Discuss how to prepare the vessel for a pilot
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8.4.6 Discuss the pilot ladder arrangement

8.4.7 Briefly discuss the report given to the bridge as the pilot is boarding especially noted
where the pilot boat is located
8.4.8 Discuss the Officer-Pilot exchange and the information that is recommended and
mandatory.
8.4.9 Discuss the Pilot’s responsibilities
8.4.10 Discuss the OOW Responsibilities
8.4.11 Discuss the actions of the OOW if unclear of the pilot’s actions

8.5.1 Review Situational Awareness
8.5.2 Discuss the procedures, aids and team members of the bridge and how they aid to
maintain situational awareness.
8.5.3 Discuss how “Challenge and Response” can be used to ensure all team members share an
accurate understanding of the situation.

9.1.1 Review the 4 principals of passage planning.
Mariners
9.1.4 Prepare a passage plan of at least 20 nm in coastal waters near/in a traffic scheme
9.2 Navigational Lines

9.2.1 Discuss Parallel Indexing lines and how to use them to determine the vessel’s position
and how to apply corrective actions
9.2.2 Discuss Parallel Indexing lines and how to use them to alter course
9.2.3 Discuss Mapping on the RADAR/ARPA
9.2.4 Discuss Routing on the RADAR/ARPA

1. Execute and monitor a passage plan in and near a traffic scheme using Rule 10 and the
Annual Notice to Mariners.
2. Demonstrate how to use parallel indexing lines for navigating the vessel in coastal and
confine waters including course alterations.
10) Vessel Emergencies 2 hrs Lecture and 6 hrs

Practical

10.1.2 Describe the procedure and information required to give a distress, urgent and
security call
10.1.3 Describe the procedure to properly acknowledge and record a distress call and
urgent call
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10.2.1 Describe the responsibilities of the OOW on the bridge during emergencies
including but not limited to: recording of information, completing checklists, and
assisting with communications.
10.2.2 Discuss the Muster list and the importance of accurate head counts.
10.2.3 Describe the correct response for the OOW to mitigate situation until the Master
takes the control of the vessel referring to the IAMSAR for the following distress
situations:
- Fire
- Blackout
- Steering Failure
- Engine Failure
- Man Overboard
- Medical Emergency
- Search and Rescue
10.3 Simulation
All students must perform simulated exercises to demonstrate effective competency of an
OOW in responding to the following vessel emergencies:
1. Man Overboard
2. Steering Failure
3. Engine Failure
4. Blackout
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10) SIMULATED ELECTONIC NAVIGATION MANAGEMENT (SEN-M)
10.1 GENERAL
The course will cover the requirements of the Standards of Training Certificate and
Watchkeeping (STCW) Convention of 1978. To provide at the student sufficient knowledge to
make appropriate decisions in complex navigational situations including navigation emergency
situation, to effectively plan, organize and manage a bridge team, to comply with the standards
regarding watchkeeping and to handle the maneuver of a large vessel in confined water in a
simulated environment. Also, the student will be able to effectively coordinate a search and
rescue operation. At the end of the training, the student will prepare and execute a voyage plan
from berth to berth using the necessary instruments and publications while assuming the duties
and responsibilities of the master aboard ships having specified manoeuvring characteristics

7. DNV GL AS Class B (NAV) Bridge Operation or Class A (NAV) Bridge Operation meeting
the requirements of the Maritime Simulator Systems Standards for Bridge Operations.
8. The Class B simulator or Class A Simulator shall meet the requirements set out in: Table 3-3
Behavioural realism Items 2.1-2.9 for Class B or Class A; Table 3-5 Operating Environment
items 3.1 including all the subsections for Class B or Class A; and in addition instruments for
Anchoring Controls indication of navigational lights, AIS and control system for fire
detection, fire alarm and lifeboat alarm.
*Note: Although not required, audio monitoring will be beneficial to hear the student’s reactions
and orders being given.
12. Each Own Ship Simulator shall be isolated from one another and design in such a way the
level of sound such as student’s conversations and the ambient noise of the simulator is kept
at a minimum to avoid any distraction.
13. Own Ship Model: At least 200 m in length, single screwed and not more than one bow
thruster
14. Targets: Minimum targets for the data base to include- MOB, Fishing vessel, tug, tug and
barge, pleasure craft (or small vessel which could be simulated as one); ferry, commercial
vessels, helicopter, fast rescue craft or similar
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Students must have successfully completed the following training course and examinations
prior to register for the SEN-M training course:
1) Simulated Electronic Navigation Operational Level (SEN-O)

or
Simulate Electronic Navigation Fish (SEN F); and
2) A Certificate of Competency:
OOW; or
OOW-NC; or
Master 500 Gross Tonnage, Domestic; or
Fishing Master; Limited Waters; or
Fishing Officer, Unlimited Waters; or
Fishing Officer, Limited Waters; and
3) 6 months of sea service at the officer or master level;
*Note: A thorough knowledge of ECDIS will be beneficial before taking this course.
10.4 DURATION
10.5 COURSE OUTLINE

Hours
1. Introduction
1) Facility Orientation 1 hr
2. ARPA
1) ARPA 3 hrs 5hrs
2) Target Tracking
3) Navigating with ARPA
3. Electronic Systems for Navigation and Watchkeeping 6 hrs 5hrs

1) E-Loran
3) Echo Sounder
4) AIS
5) Speed Log
6) BNWAS
7) Integrated Systems
8) Navigational Aids Errors
17 hrs 25 hrs
4. Vessel Manoeuvres
1) Manoeuvering
2) Propellers
3) Steering
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4) Constant Rate of Turn

5) Effect of the Environment
6) Shallow and Narrow Water
7) Interactions
8) Anchoring
9) Berthing
10) Tug Interactions
11) Survival Craft
12) Pilot Station
13) Navigating in or near ice
4 hrs 3hrs
3) Bridge Records
4) Communications
6. Resource Management 6 hrs

1) Bridge Resource Management
2) Communications
3) Exchange of Information
4) Pilot Relationship
7. Passage Planning 4 hrs 25hrs

1) Passage Planning
2) Routing and Traffic Schemes
3) Navigational Lines
1) Distress, Urgent and Security Calls 4 hrs 12hr
2) Shipboard emergencies
3) Search and Rescue
4) Port of Refuge
Sub-total: 45 75
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10.6 COURSE SYLLABUS

1.1 Introduction
2) ARPA 3 hrs Lecture and 5 hrs Practical

2.1 ARPA
2.1.1 Brief Review of the ARPA system
2.1.2 Brief Review of a Target Tracking Device
2.1.3 Demonstrate the proper start-up, set up and shut down of an ARPA
2.1.4 Review how to setup CPA and TCPA limits
2.1.5 Review IMO guidance to use the ARPA or Target Tracking Device
2.1.6 Discuss AIS overlay on the ARPA
2.1.7 Briefly discuss ECDIS overly on the ARPA
2.1.8 Discuss the discrepancies between AIS, ECIDS and ARPA, which should be used
2.1.9 Briefly review errors and how to correct if possible
2.1.10 Discuss the methods of testing for a malfunctions of ARPA systems, and the precautions
to be taken after a malfunction occurs
2.2 Target Tracking

2.2.1 Brief Review on Guard Rings, Guard Zones, and Trial Manoeuvre
2.2.2 Brief Review of automatic acquisition of targets vs manual acquisition of targets
2.3 Navigating with the ARPA

2.3.1 Review the different motions and stabilizations
2.3.2 Review the principles Relative Motion Plotting and True Motion Plotting
2.3.3 Review the Advantage and Disadvantage of off-centre screen
2.3.4 Review the characteristics of a good RADAR/ARPA conspicuous objects
2.3.5 Discuss the characteristics of a poor RADAR/ARPA object
2.3.8 Demonstrate the knowledge of the proper use of each ARPA control

2.4.1 Describe the Collision Regulations as applied to RADAR/ARPA
2.4.2 Describe the Collision Regulations Part B Section I- III
2.4.3 Demonstrate the most appropriate and effective action in accordance with the Collision
Regulations
2.4.4 Evaluate the action taken and determine its effectiveness and recognize any
supplementary action is required ensuring it is in accordance with the Collision
Regulations
The scenarios shall include: head-on, crossing, overtaking, and meetings in different weather
conditions including rough weather, reduce visibility, day and night time. The Own Ship shall be
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the give way in some scenarios and the stand-on in other scenarios. In good visibility, the
scenarios should also take Rule 18 into consideration. The scenarios should be in open and
confined waters.
All students must be able to determine the following with at least 10 and 20 targets:
1. Demonstrate the use of Guard Rings, Guard Zones and Manual Plotting
2. Produce a report for each target (CPA, TCPA, Target’s true course and speed )
3. Maintain situational awareness and provide the location of each vessel, CPA and TCPA
upon request
4. Determine if the target’s course, speed or course and speed has changed. Also understand
how this will impact the own ship.
5. Use the Trial Manoeuver to alter the Own Ship’s course, speed or course and speed
6. Interpret the information from the Trial Manoeuvre
7. Demonstrate how to use the AIS overlay and obtain information to assist with the
decision process to determine the most appropriate action
Regulations
10. Calculate and demonstrate the time to resume back to the original planned track
Practical
3.1.1 Review the GPS, DGPS/WAAS, GLONASS, Galileo and other recognized satellite
systems
3.1.2 Discuss other recognize satellite systems (including satellite-based augmentation system)
3.1.3 Review the errors and how to proper corrective action
3.2 Echo Sounder

3.2.1 Review the proper set-up of the Echo Sounder
3.2.2 Review the Echo Sounder errors and how to proper corrective actions
3.3 AIS- Automated Information System

3.3.1 Brief review on the AIS system and the type of messages it can receive
3.3.2 Demonstrate how to set up the AIS
3.3.3 Demonstrate how to acquire information from targets
3.3.4 Demonstrate how to send and receive messages
3.3.6 Understand the use of AIS near oil terminals and hazardous areas
3.3.7 Understand the use of AIS in areas of piracy

BNWAS Systems
3.4.3 Discuss the need for bridge procedures regarding BNWAS

3.5.1 Brief discussion on the Integrated Bridge Systems (IBS) and Integrated Navigation
System (INS)
3.5.3 Review the alarms and warnings
3.5.4 Discuss the need for bridge procedures regarding IBS and INS
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3.6.1 Understand the proper actions in response of a navigational aid error. This would include
but not limited to: Radio, AIS, GPS, DGPS, WAAS, Echo Sounder, Compass, Speed Log,
ARPA
3.6.2 Understand navigational aids have limitations, including those of its sensors and making
an over-reliance on one Navigational aid is dangerous to maintaining a proper look-out
and decision making.

1) Set-up of all navigational aids in the simulator
2) Understand how to send and receive messages from the AIS system
3) Check the vessel’s position by verify with at least two navigational aids
4) If the simulator is fitted with IBS, the RI may do an exercise to demonstrate the use of IBS
5) Navigational Error: introduce a navigational error and have the student properly respond with
the best course of action.
4) Vessel Manoeuvres 17 hr Lecture and 25 hrs Practical
4.1 Manoeuvering
4.1.1 Review the various pivot points on the vessel
4.1.2 Review the components of a turning circle
4.1.3 Review the different types of turning circle characteristics for: loaded and ballast vessel,
various speeds and shallow and deep water.
4.1.4 Construct a turning circle and calculate tactical diameter, final diameter, advance and
transfer
4.1.5 Extract date from the turning circle to determine wheel overs, distance to near course and
head reach for engine movements
4.1.6 Discuss the ability to determine a ship’s stopping distance
4.1.7 Demonstrate the ability to use the ship’s manoeuvring booklet information
4.1.8 Describe the IMO recommendations for manoeuvrability
4.2 Propellers
4.2.1 Describe Right hand propellers vs Left hand propellers and the effects on the vessel
4.2.2 Describe fix pitch vs controllable pitch and the effects on the vessel
4.2.3 Discuss the advantages and disadvantage of controllable pitch propellers
4.2.4 Describe twin screw and the use for manoeuvring
4.3 Steering
4.3.1 Briefly review the difference between Manual, Auto and Emergency Steering
4.3.2 Briefly review the changeover procedure form Manual, Auto and Emergency Steering
4.3.4 Explain the procedure to give a helm order. Discuss the various orders that can be given.
4.4 Constant Rate of Turn

4.4.1 Describe the circumstance in which a constant rate of turn is appropriate
4.4.2 Describe how to plan a constant rate of turn
4.4.3 Describe how to use a constant rate of turn
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4.5 Effect of the Environment

4.5.1 Review wind effect on the vessel
4.5.2 Review current effect on the vessel
4.5.3 Discuss the strongest currents are in rivers and narrow channels (outside the bend and
centre of straight channels)
4.5.4 Briefly discuss how to use currents of different strengths to navigate in a river or channel
4.6 Shallow and Narrow Waters

4.6.1 Define Shallow Water
4.6.2 Briefly review Squat and Bank Effect
4.6.3 Discuss shallow water effect
4.6.4 Briefly discuss the calculation for the approximate sinkage in deep water and in shallow
water
4.6.5 Briefly discuss the relationship between squat and block coefficient
4.6.6 Briefly discuss squat estimation diagrams
4.6.7 Briefly discuss navigational aids and software to assist with determining squat
4.6.8 Briefly discuss indications the vessel is squatting
4.6.9 Discuss the precautions to be taken in restricted waters
4.6.10 Discuss the use of the kick-ahead to control the speed and direction of the vessel in
shallow water
4.6.11 Describe the corrective action to be taken when the vessel sheers in shallow water
4.6.12 Describe the corrective action for bank effect
4.6.13 Describe how an anchor can aid in manoeuvring a vessel in shallow water
4.7 Interactions
4.7.1 Describe Ship to Ship interactions: Passing and Overtaking
4.7.2 Describe the pattern of pressure changes around the hull of a moving ship (Bernoulli
effect)
4.8 Anchoring
4.8.1 Discuss the characteristics of a good anchorage
4.8.2 Discuss how to choose an anchorage
4.8.3 Discuss how to prepare an anchor plan
4.8.4 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of single and double anchors
4.8.5 Discuss how to calculate how much chain and which anchor to use
4.8.6 Discuss the different types of anchoring methods
4.8.7 Describe how to anchor in shallow water and deep water.
4.8.8 Discuss the approach to the anchorage and the importance of knowing the current and
wind
4.8.9 Describe how to use parallel indexing to anchor the vessel
4.8.10 Describe how to brief the anchor party
4.8.11 Describe the procedure when the anchor is dragging
4.8.12 Describe the procedure to take to clear fouled anchors
4.9 Berthing
4.9.1 Describe wind effect during the berthing and unberthing of a vessel
4.9.2 Describe the current effect during the berthing and unberthing of a vessel
4.9.3 Describe how to use an anchor or anchors to assist with manoeuvring
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4.9.4 Describe how to use the mooring line and the effect on the vessel when berthing and
unberthing
4.9.5 Discuss how to use a bow thruster and the limitations of a bow thruster for berthing and
unberthing
4.10 Tug Interactions

4.10.1 Discuss the danger related to ship-tug interaction including tug bow cushion effect
4.10.2 Discuss the precaution needed to be exercised for the safety of the tug
4.10.3 Describe the tug bollard pull
4.10.4 Describe the effectiveness of the tug during a ship-tug operation in relation to the pivot
point, leverage and tendency of the ship to swing in a particular direction
4.10.5 Describe the different ways to make fast and use a tug
4.11 Survival Craft

4.11.1 Discuss how to manoeuvre the vessel to launch the rescue boat and survival craft
4.11.2 Discuss the precautions in manoeuvring the vessel to launch the rescue boat and survival
craft in rough water
4.11.3 Discuss how to manoeuvre the vessel to recover the rescue boat and survival craft
4.12 Pilot Stations

4.12.1 Describe how to approach the pilot station taking into consideration the weather, tide,
current and vessel’s manoeuvring characteristics
4.12.2 Describe how to embarking a pilot taking into consideration the weather, tide, current
and vessel’s manoeuvring characteristics
4.12.3 Describe how to disembark a pilot taking into consideration the weather, tide, current
and vessel’s manoeuvring characteristics
4.13 Navigating In or Near Ice

4.13.1 Discuss various source of information about coastal ice condition
4.13.2 Describe master’s obligation to report dangerous ice
4.13.3 Describe the use of radar for detection of iceberg and growler
4.13.4 Describe different type of ice
4.13.5 Describe the use of ice –chart (egg coding)
4.13.6 Describe precaution to be taken when proceeding in ice covered water in regards with
navigation mark
4.13.7 Discuss the precautions to be taken when proceeding in ice covered water or near ice
covered water and all danger associate (propeller and rudder damage)
4.13.8 Describe how to obtain ice-breaker assistance
4.13.9 Describe how to navigate while be escorted by an ice-breaker
4.13.10 Describes precautions to be taken when in counting freezing spray and how to prevent
freezing spray accumulation on deck.
4.13.11 Simulated exercise
4.13.12 Demonstrate the ability to manoeuver a vessel in all conditions considering the
following effects*:
Shallow Water
Squat
Bank Suction
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Tide
Current
Weather
Entering ice and navigating in ice
Constant rate of turn
4.13.13 Demonstrate how to manoeuvre the vessel during a pilot exchange
4.13.14 Demonstrate how to berth and unberth a vessel in various wind and current conditions
using anchors, bow thruster and mooring lines as necessary.
4.13.15 Demonstrate how to anchor the vessel in confined waters, ensure the vessel is anchored
within 0.25nm of the intended position
4.13.16 Demonstrate how to manoeuvre the vessel to launch and recover a rescue craft in
various weather conditions
*Note: Can be conducted and evaluated while combining other simulations such as passage planning as long
as, there is no reduction in simulation hours.

5.1.1 Understand and demonstrate the Watchkeeping Standards principals (As per STCW Code,
Part A-Chapter VIII) for a watch at sea, at anchor, in port and for cargo operations.
5.1.2 Review the minimum conditions in the STCW to call the Master
5.1.3 Thorough understanding the responsibility of the Master
5.1.5 Understand and demonstrate the procedures when the vessel departs a port as the Master
5.1.6 Understand the procedure to prepare the vessel for arrival in a port as the Maste

5.2.1 Understand the purpose of the Company’s, Master’s Standing Orders and Master’s Night
Orders
5.2.2 Thorough understanding of the situations where the Master is to be called
5.2.3 Prepare Master’s Orders for the Navigational Bridge taking into account the STCW Code
Part A-Chapter VIII and 7.2.5 of this chapter
5.2.4 Prepare Master’s Night Orders
5.3 Bridge Records

5.3.1 Review the importance of maintaining proper logs
5.3.2 Review the types of entries and the proper way to record the entries in varies logs (Deck,
5.3.3 Review and demonstrate the ability to maintain a Radio Lo
5.3.4 Review and demonstrate the ability to maintain a Deck Log
5.4 Communications

*Can be conducted and evaluated while combining other simulations such as watchkeeping,
passage planning or radar plotting, as long as, there is no reduction in simulation hours.
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1. Demonstrate the ability to maintain a watch as per the STCW

2. Demonstrate the ability to effectively and properly communicate using the requirements of 5.4
and with Marine Communications and Traffic Systems (MCTS) procedures.
3. Demonstrate the ability to brief the OOW of the expectations of the Master and the voyage
6.1 Bridge Resource Management

6.1.1 Brief review of the basic principles of Resource Management at the Management Level
6.1.2 Brief review of the bridge team
6.2 Watchkeeping Arrangements

6.2.1 Describe the different type of watch arrangements
6.2.2 Discuss the advantages and disadvantage of each watch arrangement
6.2.3 Discuss how to select and set-up a watch arrangement on-board the vessel
6.3 Communications
manner
members
6.3.4 Discuss and demonstrate how to give instructions to the bridge team
6.4 Exchange of information

6.4.1 Describe the information to be exchanged at watch hand-over at sea, at anchor, in port and
during cargo operations.
6.4.2 Describe the information to be exchanged when giving the con to the Master
6.4.3 Discuss the use for checklists
6.4.4 Create a checklist for Passage Planning, arrival and departure
6.5 Pilot Relationship

6.5.1 Describe a Pilot Card and the information it must contain.
6.5.2 Prepare a Pilot Card
6.5.3 Understand who has control of the vessel when a pilot is onboard.
6.5.4 Briefly discuss the unique operations of the Panama Canal Pilots and anywhere else in the
world the pilots have control of the vessel.
6.5.5 Discuss how to prepare the vessel for a pilot
6.5.6 Discuss the pilot ladder arrangement
6.5.7 Discuss the importance of knowing the location of the pilot boat and the pilot when
embarking and disembarking
6.5.8 Discuss the Master-Pilot exchange and the information that is recommended and
mandatory.
6.5.9 Discuss the actions of the Master if unclear of the pilot’s actions
6.5.10 Discuss the actions of the Master if it is deemed the pilot’s actions are unsafe

6.6.1 Review Situational Awareness
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6.6.2 Discuss the procedures, aids and team members of the bridge and how they aid to maintain
situational awareness.
6.6.3 Discuss how “Challenge and Response” can be used to ensure all team members share an
accurate understanding of the situation.
7) Passage Planning 4 hrs Lecture and 25 hrs Practical

7.1.1 Review the 4 principals of passage planning.
7.1.2 Describe the different types of passage plans: Ocean, Coastal, Landfall, Pilotage and
Contingency.
7.1.3 Describe the difference between a passage plan and a navigator’s notebook
7.1.4 Discuss different formats for a navigator’s notebook
7.1.5 Discuss the information should be consulted and the need to analyse all available
navigation information taking account of the following:
 information from sailing directions and other navigational publications
 draught, squat and depth of water
 tide and current
 weather
 available navigational aids
 Identify radar conspicuous targets
 traffic separation schemes
 requirement of vessel traffic services
 contingency plans for critical points of the passage
 ship’s manoeuvring information
7.2 Routing and Traffic Schemes

Mariners
7.3 Navigational Lines

7.3.1 Describe Parallel Indexing lines and how to use them to determine the vessel’s position
7.3.2 Describe how to and how to apply corrective actions
7.3.3 Describe how to use parallel indexing to indicate the wheelovers to alter the vessel’s course

7.4.1 Execute and monitor a passage plan in and near a traffic scheme using Rule 10 and the
Annual Notice to Mariners. The passage shall include the following:
1. Entering and leaving traffic lanes
2. Crossing lanes
3. Crossing one lane to enter the other
4. Leaving one lane to cross the other
5. At least 25 targets
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7.4.2 Prepare a passage plan of 20 nm, 40nm and 60nm for: coastal waters, landfall, pilotage
waters, and harbour to harbour. Also having contingencies for each plan. Prepare a
complete passage plan and Navigator’s Notebook. Execute the passage plans through
waters with navigational obstructions and heavy traffic (at least 35 targets). The students
must check ship’s position with other means available and plot ship’s track during passage.


8.2.1 Describe the correct response as per IAMSAR for the following distress situations:
- Fire
- Abandoning Ship
- Blackout/Power Failure
- Steering Failure
- Engine Failure
- Man Overboard
- Medical Emergency
- Environment Spill
- Unlawful Act
- Search and Rescue
8.2.2 Describe the actions to take if a collision situation develops due to a late call by the OOW.
8.2.3 Describe the manoeuvre to be taken to avoid a collision in an emergency
8.2.4 Discuss emergency towing arrangements and type of towing procedures
8.3 Search and Rescue

8.3.1 Briefly discuss the sections and appendixes IAMSAR Manual Vol. III
8.3.2 Discuss how to Render Assistance as per the IAMSAR Manual Vol III
8.3.3 Discuss how the Master should prepare the vessel to render assistance
8.3.4 Discuss the Search Function as per the IAMSAR Manual Vol III
8.3.5 Discuss how to determine a search pattern as per the IAMSAR Manual Vol III
8.3.6 Describe and demonstrate search patterns in accordance with the IAMSAR Vol. III
8.3.7 Understand how to co-ordinate a search and rescue operation
8.3.8 Understand how to properly communicate effectively with Rescue Co-ordination Centres
(RCC), other vessels involved including aviation support.
8.4 Port of Refuge

8.4.1 Define: Ship in Need, Place of Refuge
8.4.2 Discuss the IMO Guidelines on Places of Refuge
8.4.3 Discuss things the Master needs to consider
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8.4.4 Discuss things the Administration needs to consider
8.5 Simulation
8.5.1 All students must perform simulated exercises to demonstrate effective competency in
responding to the following vessel emergencies:
- Fire
- Blackout/Power Failure
- Steering Failure
- Engine Failure
- Man Overboard
- Medical Emergency
- Respond to a distress call
8.5.2 Demonstrate the following search patterns:

- Expanding Square
- Sector
-Parallel search- single and multi-vessel
11) ELECTRONIC CHART DISPLAY AND INFORMATION SYSTEM

(ECDIS)
11.1 GENERAL
The course will cover the requirements of the Standards of Training Certificate and Watchkeeping
(STCW) Convention of 1978 to provide at the student sufficient knowledge, skill and understanding
of electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS), to understand how to use the ECDIS
as one of the navigational aids to make appropriate decisions in complex navigational situations.
Also the student will be able to understand the system requirements and proper operations to safely
navigate the vessel using the ECDIS as the primary aid instead of paper charts. At the end of the
training, the student will prepare and execute a voyage plan, operate the ECDIS equipment, use the
navigational function of ECDIS, select and assess all relevant information; identify errors; and take
proper action in the case of malfunction.

3. Simulator Exercise Manuals;
6. DNV GL AS class S Bridge Operation Navigation meeting the requirements of the Maritime
Simulator Systems Standards for Bridge Operations;
7. The Class S simulator must meet the requirements set out in: Table 3-3 Physical Realism item
1.1 including the subsections for Class C; Table 3-4 Behavioural realism Items 2.1-2.9 for Class
C; Table 3-5 Operating Environment items 3.1 including all the subsections for Class C; and in
addition The ECDIS display needs to be able to show both radar and AIS data along with chart
data. The ECDIS workstation need to be integrated into network with navigational and ship
control functionality to allow trainee to interact with other trainees and the instructor’s
workstation; and
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8. The ECDIS work station should include dual monitor display to meet minimum ECDIS display
requirement, compatible operating system sufficient to run ECDIS software and electronic chart
data. The other monitor need to provide information on ship controls, navigational instruments
and radar. This could be on either a split screen or menu selection or both. For added realism,
the system should also show visuals from bridge lookout perspective if split-screen functionality
is provided.

Students must have successfully completed the following training course and examinations prior to
register for the ECDIS training course:
1) Chartwork and Pilotage, Level 1 (C&P1);

*If the student is enrolled in a cadet training program; the student should have a good
foundation and understanding of Chartwork.
11.4 DURATION
11.5 COURSE OUTLINE

Hours
0.5 hr
2. Purpose of ECDIS
1) IMO Guidelines
2) Differentiate between display options
3) Identify Information Types and Areas on Navigation
Display
4) Apply presentation of ECDIS data 0.5 hr
3. Navigational Functions
1) Presentation
2) Data Quality
3) Manual functions for Own Ship
4) Evaluation of Routes
5) Value of ECDIS to Navigation
0.5 hr
4. Proper Operations
1) Use of ECDIS in Navigation Situations
2) Over-reliance on ECDIS
3) Assessing the Integrity of the System
5. Familiarization of the Equipment 3.0 hrs 2 hrs

1) Performance Standards of the ECDIS Workstation
2) ECDIS Start-up
3) Alarms
4) Vessel Position and Position Sources
5) Position Source
6) Basic Navigation
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7) Heading and Drift Vectors

8) Compass Errors
9) Monitoring Isolated Dangers
10) Simulated Exercise
6. Chart Data Format

1) ECDIS Terminology 1 hr
2) ECS and ECDIS
3) Electronic Chart Formats
4) EDCIS Data and Display Information
5) Stored Information
6) Display of Chart Data
7. Chart Quality and Accuracy

1) Chart Data Accuracy
2) Variant Datums Problems 0.5 hr
3) Errors
4) Systematic Updates
5) Computer Monitor Issues
8. Chart Organization 0.5 hr

1) Chart Data Distribution
2) Loading/Retrieval of ECDIS Data
9. Sensors 0.5 hr
1) Performance Limits of Inputs
2) Selecting Sensor Data
3) Deterioration of Sensor Performance
4) Alarms and Indicators
10. Ports and Data Feeds 0.5 hr

1) Primary and Secondary Position Sources
2) Data Reference Systems
3) Connected Sensors
11. Chart Selections 0.5 hr

1) Loading and Changing Chart Data
2) Errors of Selecting Charts
3) Display Updates in SENC
4) Alarms
1 hr
12. Chart Information
1) Applying Functions
2) Chart Objects Information
3) Presentation of Navigational Marks
4) Errors of Interpretation
2.5 hrs 2hrs
13. Changing the Settings, Chart Scaling and Information
Layers
1) Testing Hardware
2) Checking Settings in Task Panels and Information
Panel
3) Alarm and Function Status Indications
4) Errors of Interpretations
5) Track Length
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6) Log Table Information

7) Scaling of Electronic Chart Display
8) Chart Scale Information
9) Errors of Interpretation
10) Effects of Underscaled Chart
11) Appropriate Display Mode
12) All other Information
13) Difference between Layers
14) Loss of Display Information
14. System and Position Alarms

0.5 hr
1) Identify and Respond to Alarms for Positioning
Systems
2) Identify and Respond to Chart Related Alarms
15. Depth and Contour Alarms

1) Describe Route Monitoring Alarms 1.5 hr
2) Depth-Related Information
3) Safety Values for Route Monitoring
4) Set the Limits Pertaining to Safe Water
0.5 hr
16. Vessel Manoeuvring Characteristics
1) Wheel Overs for Waypoints 6.5 hrs 2 hrs
2) Verification of Position when in Autopilot
17. Route Planning

1) Retrieving a Stored Route Plan
2) Approving an Existing Route Plan
3) Review of Curved Track and Wheel Overs
4) Procedures
5) Construct a Route
6) Alarm Setting along a Route
7) Cross-track Error (XTE) in Existing Routes
8) Safety Check and Verification of Dangers
9) Hydo-meterological Data
10) Mariner’s Notes
11) User Charts 0.5 hr
18. ARPA/RADAR Overlay 0.5 hr

1) Sensor Setup
2) Access Target Information Display
3) Target Symbol Features
4) User Interface
5) Image Offset
6) ECDIS-tracked Target Source
7) Corrections to Own Ship Position using ARPA
19. AIS
1.5 hr
1) AIS Connection
2) Sensor Setup
3) Access Target Information Display
4) Target Symbol Features
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20. Procuring and Installing Chart Data

1) Chart Data
2) Chart Format Requirements
3) Examine Data Distribution Sources for ENC
0.5 hr
4) Examine Data Distribution Sources for SENC
5) SENC Conversions
6) Licences
7) Extract Information on Installation History
21. Installing Chart Corrections

1) Importance of up-to-date Corrections
2) Manual Corrections
0.5 hr
3) Automatic Updates
4) Extract Information on Update History
22. System Reset and Backup

1) ECDIS Back-up Arrangement Regulations 0.5 hr
2) Back-up in Standalone ECDIS Failure
3) Network back-up in ECDIS Failure
4) Troubleshooting in ECDIS
5) Data Storage Consequences
2 hrs
23. Archiving ECDIS Data and Data Logging
1) ECDIS Data Management
2) Logbook Task
3) Display Functions
24. Responsibility and Assessment 1 hr

1) Review of Collision Regulations (COLREGS)
2) Review of IMO Conventions
3) Review of IMO Resolutions
4) Review of Canadian Regulations
25. Effective Navigation with ECDIS

1 hr
1) Bridge Functions Incorporating ECDIS
2) Bridge Operating Procedures
3) Safe and Practical Navigation with ECDIS 2 hrs
4) Anomalies
26. Evaluation
Sub-total: 30 10
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1.1 Introduction
1.3 Simulator/Equipment orientation
2) Purpose of ECDIS 0.5 Lecture

2.1 IMO Guidelines
2.1.1 Review of IMO Resolution on Performance Standards for ECDIS
2.1.2 Review of IMO Resolution on Integrated Navigation Systems
2.1.3 Review the definition of ECDIS
2.1.4 Discuss the capability of displaying all chart information necessary for safe and efficient
navigation
2.1.5 Discuss the ability for swift positioning, route monitoring and route planning
2.1.6 Discuss the appropriate alarms and indication
2.2 Differentiate Between Display Options

2.2.1 Discuss Electronic navigational (ENC) and system ENC (SENC)
2.2.2 Discuss the Standard display and display base
2.2.3 Discuss the display of information other than ENC data
2.3 Identify Information Types and Areas on Navigation Display

2.3.1 Discuss the electronic chart area, information area, task panel, other menu options
2.3.2 Describe the automatic displays for monitoring ship’s safety including position, gyro
heading, speed log, time and safety values, and course over ground and speed over ground.
2.4 Apply presentation of ECDIS data

2.4.1 Describe the major rules of presentation library,
2.4.2 Discuss the automatic presentation, such as scale, display category, day/night, etc.
2.4.3 Describe the modes, such as True Motion and North-up.
3) Navigational Functions 0.5 Lecture

3.1 Presentation
3.1.1 Discuss the factors of projection, colours, symbols
3.1.2 Discuss the assessment of different presentation
3.2 Data Quality

3.2.1 Discuss the accuracy, resolution and completeness that effect the data quality
3.2.2 Discuss the ability to assess the difference of factors that affect data quality
3.3 Manual functions for Own Ship

3.3.1 Understand how to manually change the chart, sea area and the scale
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3.3.2 Understand how to manually position of Own Ship
3.4 Evaluation of Routes

3.4.1 Discuss the route monitoring mode
3.4.2 Discuss the navigation mode
3.5 Value of ECDIS to Navigation

3.5.1 Discuss the Own Ship position with respect to route, shipping lanes, acquired targets, depth
contours, sounding and predicted tides and currents
3.5.2 Understand multi-chart loading, scaling and on-chart object information
3.5.3 Briefly discuss how centralized information station for navigational bridge teams include
ERBL, user layers, radar target tracking, SAR, NAVTEX, AIS, climate and port
information.
4) Proper Operations 0.5 Lecture
4.1 Use of ECDIS in Navigation Situations

4.1.1 Name the principles of navigation and operational guidance for officers in charge of
navigational watch (STCW, SOLAS, CSA-2001)
4.1.2 Review the many areas of bridge operations to which ECDIS may be applied
4.1.3 Describe the situational awareness includes the functioning of navigational aids and the
reliability of sensors
4.1.4 Understand that an ECDIS is a powerful and comprehensive navigational system and its
use does not eliminate the need to verify the information using other means
4.1.5 Understand a navigational watch is not to be performed on only one system
4.2 Over-reliance on ECDIS

4.2.1 Understand that a system malfunction and data inaccuracy is always a potential
4.2.2 Understand that the displayed hydrographic data are not more reliable than the survey data
they are based on
4.2.3 Understand that the displayed sensor data are not more reliable than the respective
originating sensor system
4.2.4 A knowledge that error/ inaccuracies in one subsystem may degrade others and can
potentially render ECDIS useless
4.3 Assessing the Integrity of the System

4.3.1 A knowledge of the use ECDIS during watchkeeping duties is a single purpose or query
within a strict and brief time limit, rather than to browse or surf menus and information
panels
4.3.2 A knowledge of the scanning technique to assist with the integrative role for ECDIS
5) Familiarization of the Equipment 3.0 hrs Lecture Using

Equipment and 2 hrs Practical
5.1 Performance Standards of the ECDIS Workstation
5.1.1 Discuss sensor feeds may need to be off or disconnected from ECDIS workstation com
port, and ECDIS workstation is subject all normal limitations of hardware, operating
system, and memory
5.1.2 Briefly discuss potential limitation in hard drive storage, RAM size, power supply
interruption hardware malfunctions, overall system lockup etc
5.1.3 Briefly discuss how ECDIS has operating system (typically Windows) boot-up procedures
and internal test
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5.1.4 Briefly discuss how ECDIS pre-programmed ‘dongle’ installed in the parallel printer port
enables the registration and use of the ECDIS manufacturer’s products
5.1.5 Briefly discuss the potential failure due to incorrect use of OS and ECDIS software
5.2 ECDIS Start-up

5.2.1 Understand the significance of the ECDIS Activator Key (dongle) and associated licence
files
5.2.2 A knowledge that ECDIS software boots up (loads) process
5.3 Alarms
5.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how the ECDIS initialization screen procedures by:
- Date/time, position, heading and speed log
- Displays ‘‘Received’’ when these inputs match expected protocols
- Displays ‘‘Aborted’’ when these inputs are missing or corrupt
- Boot-up without inputs will continues, with alarms on ECDIS display
- ENC data will be loaded from the chart files as licensedVessel Position and Position
Sources
5.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the user interface:
- Mouse/ trackball and device buttons,
- Keyboard and hotkeys,
- Control of standard cursor and free mouse cursor,
- Use of cursor and ERBL on the display5.4.2 Using the ECDIS
explain/demonstrate the vessel’s position:
- Shift the vessel on the display in navigation mode
- Vessel’s symbols
- Vessel’s GNSS position information
- Track of vessel’s position
- Vessel’s motion vectors
5.4.3 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the display panels:

- System (tidal height, current, sounding, set and drift at position)
- Route (vessel position on the route)
- Pilot (position relative to next WP as per route schedule data)
- Manually draw and move bearing line (LOPs)
- Manually mark position on the display
5.5 Position Source

5.5.1 Briefly review GNSS
- Satellite constellation, theory, source of error.
- Signal quality indication, HDPO, data age, station ID
- Accuracy
5.5.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the GNSS antenna position settings:
- Set GNSS antenna locations from amidships and off centre line (CCRP)
- Switch on primary and secondary position sources by assigning port for NMEA/ IEC
61162 data feed
5.5.3 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the how to select position system:
- Primary position Sensor
- Secondary position Sensor
- Auto change (automatic switching to dead reckoning position)
5.5.4 Briefly discuss how to determine fix quality (status) of GNSS:
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- Position information
- Alarm and indication of disruptions of GNSS data feed
- Tracking the discrepancy between Primary position Sensor and Secondary position Sensor
- Monitoring the GNSS data port
- Verified ship’s position by a second independent means
5.6 Basic Navigation
5.6.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the different display and information layers available:
- Base, Standard, All and custom displays
- Spot soundings limit
- Channel limits, fairways, landmarks, special areas, warnings
- Message Layers lost when any are turned off
5.6.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate monitor vessel safety:

- Recognize position, gyro, speed log, COG, SOG, time
- Set a safe depth value from sea level with regards to Isolated dangers
- Set a safe depth contour
- Identify contours shown in Base Display
- Identify other Base Display information that cannot be turned off
5.6.3 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate activate route monitoring features:
- Track, log, drift summary, sensor status, target tracks, scale, route information, contours,
isolated dangers, special areas, alarms limits
- Activate day/night colour sets, track display, scale bar, vessel symbol
- Set voyage recording (logbook) track period, precision, colour, history, routing
information, filters
5.7 Heading and Drift Vectors

5.7.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate to vessel’s motion vectors:
- Turn either or both vectors on or off
- Alignment of vessel contour
- Set vector length
5.7.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate to obtain vessel’s course and speed from positioning
system:
- COG and SOG may be from position system or from ARPA reference
- HDG is true or undefined (manual entry only when in DR)
- LOG may be bottom, water, ARPA, or position system referenced
5.7.3 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to interpret the movement of the vessel:
- Explain that the graphical difference between the COG/SOG and the HDG/LOG vectors is
the drift angle
- Explain that display of drift angle reveals vessel momentum in a turn
- Explain that drift angle in steady reveals sum of wind and current on vessel
5.8 Compass Errors
5.8.1 Briefly discuss the effects of gyro error
5.8.2 Briefly discuss drift angle results from gyro data without any provision for correction
5.8.3 Briefly discuss gyro precession due to high-speed turns produces an unreliable HDG display
on ECDIS
5.9 Monitoring Isolated Dangers

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5.9.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to graphically monitor own ship’s approach to
isolated dangers by means of a guard ring or equivalent ECDIS function

1. Operates specific functions constituting task groups for route monitoring in an open sea
area;
2. Obtains all relevant information for basic safe integrated navigation
3. Monitor the sea areas;
4. Use the pre-defined route as set by the instructor;
5. Check position with pre-defined fix;
6. Select pre-defined user layers;
7. Check settings such as vector time, display reset, information layers, alarms, track, sensors,
and own ship configurations;
8. The scenario should be conducted in open or near coastal waters with a couple of non-threating
ARPA targets; and
9. The scenario should be designed to allow the student to become familiar with the use of
ECDIS; the ability to navigate with the ECIDS and monitor Own Ship SOG and COG.
6) Chart Data Format 1.0 hrs Lecture

6.1 ECDIS Terminology
6.1.1 Understand the relevant ECIDS terminology
6.2 ECS and ECDIS

6.2.1 Understand the different ECDIS systems
6.2.2 Understand the difference between ECDIS and ECS
6.2.3 Understand the difference between vector and raster charts
6.3 Electronic Chart Formats

6.3.1 Describe the vector chart data
6.3.2 Describe the raster chart data
6.4 EDCIS Data and Display Information

6.4.1 Explain the relationship of the ECDIS data base and its structure and how it relates to the
information on the display
6.4.2 Explain the relationship of ENC data and the SENC and how it relates to the displayed
information
6.4.3 Understand how manual updates are stored in the database
6.4.4 Describe the steps and responsibilities during the ENC creation
6.5 Stored Information

6.5.1 Explain information stored as objects with corresponding attributes in the database can be
displayed
6.6 Display of Chart Data

6.6.1 Describe the chart data selected for display
Chart Quality and Accuracy 0.5 hr Lecture

a. Chart Data Accuracy
i. Explain the accuracy of the survey and all the hydrographic data
ii. Explain the impacts of shifting buoys on the accuracy of chart data
iii. Explain the accuracy of the chart data is depended on the coverage and completeness
of the chart data
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b. Variant Datums Problems

i. Explain the difference reference systems used for positioning (time, direction, speed)
ii. The effects of datum (horizontal, vertical)
iii. Different geodetic coordinate systems
c. Errors
i. Discuss how to assess all errors, inaccuracies and ambiguities caused by improper data
management
d. Systematic Updates
i. Explain the need and requirement for electronic chart data to be systematically updated for
safe navigation
e. Computer Monitor Issues

i. Discuss and demonstrate the issues with the computer monitor display resolution:
- Potential distortions in chart scale
- The amount of information that appears on the screen
- Display adapter and the Desktop Area Setting
- Troubleshooting display problems
7) Chart Organization 0.5 hr Lecture

7.1 Chart Data Distribution
7.1.1 Explain the organization of chart data by:
- The processes of procurement (downloading)
- Installation (also applies to updates)
- Selection of chart type (format)
- Initialization
- Loading (autoload by position)
7.1.2 Demonstrate the chart data manager application associated with the type approved ECDIS
7.1.3. Describe the chart data file structure associated with the type approved ECDIS
7.2 Loading/Retrieval of ECDIS Data

7.2.2 Explain/Demonstrate the automatic loading from the directory of available chart data for
the vessel's position
7.2.3 Explain/Demonstrate the automatic loading from the directory of available chart data for
the cursor location
7.2.4 Explain/Demonstrate manually by chart (cell) name from the directory of available data
8) Sensors 0.5 hr Lecture

8.1 Performance Limits of Inputs
8.1.1 Explain the performance limits of devices for position, course over ground, heading, speed,
depth, radar, and AIS, especially concerning:
- Availability
- Accuracy
- Integrity
8.2 Selecting Sensor Data

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8.2.1 Discuss the selecting sensor data displayed in ECDIS and how it is appropriate and
unambiguous, and accurate
8.3 Deterioration of Sensor Performance

8.3.1 Understand how to evaluate the impairment of ECDIS when sensor performance
deteriorates
8.4 Alarms and Indicators
8.4.1 Explain and analyse various sensor alarms and indications:

- Activated when ECDIS receives no data from the external output device
- Where sensor alarms and indications are displayed as they occur
- Use Alarm button or free cursor on 2nd-line message to disable the sound and
message from the display
- Alarm submenu function remains orange parameter returns to set limits, or when
function is deliberately turned off
- Correct response is to check the operation and connection of the relevant sensor
9) Ports and Data Feeds 0.5 hr Lecture

9.1 Primary and Secondary Position Sources
9.1.1 A knowledge of how to select between primary and secondary position source
9.1.2 Demonstrate an automatic change over to secondary position source
9.2 Data Reference Systems

9.2.1 Explain the data reference system of each connected sensor:
- Geodetic system,
- Antenna position,
- Transducer position,
- Clock or time source
9.3 Connected Sensors

9.3.1 Identify the data port assigned to each connected sensor
9.3.2 Monitor, identify and to a limited extent decode the data stream for each
attached sensor:
- Select a sensor and monitor the data stream (live or simulated),
- Generally recognize the sentence syntax associated with the sensor,
- Where possible, associate data with displayed navigational information
9.3.3 A knowledge how to assess the plausibility of sensor input values to ECDIS
9.3.4 A knowledge how to assess the impact on displayed information when a sensor port is
improperly selected
10) Chart Selections 0.5 hr Lecture Using Equipment

10.1 Loading and Changing Chart Data
10.1.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the variety of methods that chart data can be
loaded and changed:
- Automatically
- Manually for the presently loaded route
- Manually from the total portfolio
- Manually displayed by the cursor position
10.2 Errors of Selecting Charts

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10.2.1 A knowledge of how to assess the inaccuracies and ambiguities caused by improper
selection of a chart for display:
- When own ship position is on display, chart data list is sorted by scale
- When own ship position is not on display (viewing elsewhere), chart data list
is sorted by name (alpha)
- ECDIS displays largest scale data (smallest area) on the topmost layer, but the user
may prioritize by format, especially ENC to keep ECDIS in the ECDIS mode
- Automatic chart loading may be switched on or off or held to a user-selected chart
(fixed)
10.3 Display Updates in SENC

10.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the updates in order to review content and to
establish their inclusion in the SENC
10.3.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate to review the contents of the updates
10.3.3 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate to determine if the updates have been
included in the SENC
10.4 Alarms
10.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the data and chart alarms resulting from
overscaling (zooming in) and underscaling (zooming out)
10.4.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the data and chart alarms resulting from use of
a non-WGS 84 geodetic datum
11) Chart Information 1 hr Lecture Using Equipment

11.1 Applying Functions
11.1.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the functions suitable for position monitoring,
route monitoring, route creation and editing, trial manoeuvre, creating and accessing
user-defined layers:
- Continuous positioning while monitoring navigation,
- Trial manoeuvres,
- Route planning and scheduling,
- Creating User Charts,
- Other functions
11.2 Chart Objects Information

11.2.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to obtain information on charted objects:
- For vector charts
- For raster charts, information is available only for the same frame size of a
matching vector chart as described above
11.3 Presentation of Navigational Marks

11.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how the presentation of navigation marks is
changed according to own ship’s position
11.4 Errors of Interpretation

11.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how errors of interpretation by the incorrect
selection of display categories
12) Changing the Settings, Chart Scaling and Information Layers

2.5 hrs Lecture Using Equipment and 2 hrs Practical
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12.1 Testing Hardware

12.1.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to manually test the major functions of
hardware, keyboard, mouse/trackball, sensor data, and chart data
12.2 Checking Settings in Task Panels and Information Panel

12.2.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to check and/or select preferred
operational settings in the relevant task panels and on the primary information
panel:
- Primary task panels
- Primary information panel
- Ship, Alarm, Chart, Logbook, ARPA
- Configuration, Add Information (user layers), Route
12.3 Alarm and Function Status Indications

12.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to evaluate alarm and function status
indications:
- Alarms, time, position update, heading and speed log
- Route keeping, heading vectors, chart scale, track, logbook functions
12.4 Errors of Interpretations

12.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how errors of interpretation by the incorrect
selection of safety values:
- Safety depth; Safety contour
- Least depth alarm; anti-grounding alarms
- Alarms for sailing along a route
12.5 Track Length

12.5.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to adjust track length and precision
12.6 Log Table Information

12.6.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to evaluate the range of information recorded in
the log table (voyage recording):
- Check navigational conditions (own ship progress, charts displayed, etc.)
- Check routing events (including manual notations)
- Check system events
- Display additional data groups
12.7 Scaling of Electronic Chart Display

12.7.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to demonstrate scaling of electronic
chart display:
- (Scale) and select scale value,
- With chart auto-load switched on, use zoom function
- (Zoom) and use cursor to draw quadrangle around area to view
12.8 Chart Scale Information

12.8.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to use to display electronic chart on the same
scale as the original paper chart
12.9 Errors of Interpretation

12.9.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to apply additional chart scale
information:
- Horizontal screen span
- Display of chart scale, scale bar, and bold-thin scale angle
- Calculated range (distance) across screen display for scale in use
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- Warning messages associated with scale choice
12.10 Effects of Underscaled Chart

12.10.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to recognize interpretation errors due
to scaling
- Overscale of the display will spread out chart and user information with the possible loss
of familiar cues for estimating distance
- Underscale of the display may cause some information to be hidden
- Underscale with SCAMIN off will result in unacceptable clutter due to data density
- Verify the selection of the appropriate scale
12.11 Appropriate Display Mode

12.11.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to observe effect on information layers and
status indications when chart data is loaded and when chart area is underscaled:
- Determine native scale of chart data as it is loaded,
- Observe function of SCAMIN on and off when a chart area is underscaled (zoomed too
far out)
- Observe indication of scale value
- Layers additional to ENC must not be excessive so as to obscure the standard
display
12.11.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to review and apply appropriate display mode:
- Day or night presentation,
- Scale,
- Display category
12.12 All other Information

12.12.1 Using the ECDIS practise selecting information options in display category of “All other
information”
12.13 Difference between Layers

12.13.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to differentiate between information layers,
User Chart layers, and Event graphic:
- Information layers (chart display categories) and User Chart layers
- The addition and removal of own chart entries such as manual corrections and
voyage planning notes
- The addition of Event on the display and notations made in Logbook
12.14 Loss of Display Information

12.14.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to respond to the indicators representing the
loss of displayed information
- Layers Lost,
- Position Dropped

1. Operates specific functions constituting task groups for route monitoring in an near coastal
area;
4. Use the pre-defined route as set by the instructor;
5. Check position with pre-defined fix;
6. Select pre-defined user layers;
7. Check settings such as vector time, display reset, information layers, alarms, track, sensors, and
own ship configurations;
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8. The scenario should be conducted in near coastal waters with a couple of non-threating ARPA
targets; and
9. The scenario should be designed to allow the student to navigate with the ECDIS, maintain an
individual watch, be able to select the appropriate selection of user layer and alarms and
successfully fix a manual position.
13) System and Position Alarms 0.5 hr Lecture Using Equipment

13.1 Identify and Respond to Alarms for Positioning Systems
13.1.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to identify and respond to alarms for primary
and secondary positioning systems for:
- Primary (Secondary) Failure
- Prim. (Sec.) Diff. Mode Loss
- Prim/Sec Pos Diverge
- Echo Ref. Loss
- Primary (Secondary) Data not WGS84
- Primary (Secondary) Unreliable Position
13.2 Identify and Respond to Chart Related Alarms
13.2.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to identify and respond to chart related alarms,
such as:
- Off Chart,
- No Official Data,
- Datum Unknown,
- AG (Anti-grounding) Monitoring Off
14) Depth and Contour Alarms 1.5 hrs Lecture Using Equipment
14.1 Describe Route Monitoring Alarms
14.1.1 Describe route monitoring alarms, such as:
- Crossing a safety contour
- Prohibited or other area
- Track error allowance (XTE)
- Waypoint arrival circle
- Safety Contour changed
14.2 Depth-Related Information

14.2.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to identify depth-related information, such as:
- Safe water depth
- Charted obstruction
- Depth sounder related alarms
- Depth from sounder
- Depth value of Safety Contour
14.3 Safety Values for Route Monitoring

14.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to set the safety values for route monitoring:
- Safety Contour will only utilize an existing depth contour in the chart data
- Set the value for a Safety Contour to represent preferred underkeel clearance
- Set the value for Safety Depth
- Set the value for spot sounding display category
14.4 Set the Limits Pertaining to Safe Water

14.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to set the limits pertaining to safe water, such as:
- Apply the ENC option of four shades
- Shallow Contour should be set to represent nothing less than own ship's deep draft
- Navigational Danger
- Depth sounder limit
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- Set an advance time for approaching the set safety contour

- In tidal waters, it is sometimes necessary to navigate in waters less deep than the safety
contour.
- Emphasis should be placed on using all other information mode
15) Vessel Manoeuvring Characteristics 0.5 hr Lecture

15.1 Wheel Overs for Waypoints
15.1.1 Describe the methods of alert for wheel over when approaching waypoints, such as:
- Turn radius manoeuvring characteristics of own ship apply to curved track in ECDIS
route planning
- Arrival circle centred on waypoint with circumference intersecting wheel over point on
ECDIS route
15.2 Verification of Position when in Autopilot

15.2.1 Understand the need for the navigator to verify positioning especially when ECDIS is
connected to autopilot:
- Generally, only the “observed position” is controlled
- Where an ECDIS curved predictor is provided, caution to be exercised as it may only
project a momentary rate of turn, rather than sophisticated hydrodynamic calculations,
and therefore have limited accuracy
16) Route Planning 6.5 hrs Lecture Using Equipment and 2 hrs Practical
16.1 Retrieving a Stored Route Plan
16.1.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to retrieve a stored route plan:
- For use in route monitoring
- For planning and review
- Rename as working route to allow ad hoc changes while underway
- Obtain track courses and distances from list of waypoints as displayed in the table
16.2 Approving an Existing Route Plan

16.2.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to approve an existing route for planning, safety
review and monitoring:
- Apply systematic methods of examination
- Utilize appropriate chart data intended for use along the route
- Set alarm parameters
- Adjust cross track zones
- Scale in on charts for safety check analysis
- Check route for date dependent data
16.3 Review of Curved Track and Wheel Overs+

16.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to review curved track planning and wheel over
indication:
- Own ship manoeuvring characteristics,
- Requirements of planning a safe passage including waypoint spacing
16.4 Procedures
16.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to establish procedures to name, link, rename,
archive, retrieve and delete route files:
- Naming, linking and re-naming techniques for Route files
- Archiving route plans
- Deleting route plans
16.5 Construct a Route

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16.5.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to select the sea areas and the required waters for
planning the whole passage
16.5.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to construct a route plan by inputting waypoint
data alphanumerically into a route- planning table
16.5.3 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to construct a route by inputting waypoints
directly on the ECDIS display by:
- Rough-in the route legs at first (using rhumb line and great circle)
- Fine-tune the waypoint positions, track zones and turn radii using practical navigation
considerations, such as for radar and visual navigation, traffic patterns, and ENC data
quality indicators (Zone of Confidence)
16.6 Alarm Setting Along a Route

16.6.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to review the alarm settings used as vessel is
proceeding along a monitored route:
- Deviation of the current course angle as set in the planned route,
- XTE (cross track error) exceeds the value set in the route data table,
- Guard vector for crossing safety contour,
- Guard vector for entering special purpose areas,
- Guard ring for crossing an isolated danger
16.7 Cross-track Error (XTE) in Existing Routes

16.7.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to modify the setting of XTE in a previously
saved route:
- Re-check the route for crossing dangers of navigation according to the setting of
XTEzones,
- Observe the alarm triggering while proceeding along the modified route leg,
- Examine results graphically on appropriate scale chart data
16.7.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to check a previously created and saved route for
crossing dangers of navigation according to the setting of cross-track distance:
- Safety contours,
- Isolated dangers,
- Limits of Special Purpose Areas
16.8 Safety Check and Verification of Dangers

16.8.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to check the route as it is being created for
dangers as listed above:
- Use Safety Check while adding a waypoint and leg along a route
- Use Safety Check while modifying an existing leg or waypoint
16.8.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to assess a route plan based on a safety check
- Consider all predictable hazards along the track and assess if it is reliably safe,
- Assess which route should finally be taken,
- Assess which areas and points of the passage are critical.
- Besides using the function for safety checks, the largest scale ENC must be
manually checked as there are cases of ECDIS alarm not activating for isolated
dangers
16.9 Hydo-meterological Data

16.9.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to discuss various hydro-meteorological data
that could be available in the ECDIS database, such as:
- Tide
- Current
- Climatological
- Weather
- Wind
- Ice
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16.10 Mariner’s Notes

16.10.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to review the ECDIS function for creating
mariner’s notes (User Chart):
- A User Chart is vector editor for creating added graphic and textual layers with
specified attributes in the SENC
- Display of User Chart objects is superimposed (layered) on any chart data without
changing it,
- There can be many User Charts maintained in the system directory, but usually
only one or two displayed at a time
- Voyage planning notes and objects called into one layer may be merged into a file
called into the other layer, and resaved with or without a new name, to construct a
composite file
- A User Chart may also consist of a symbol providing a link to extensive notes and
hyperlinked files including photos and documents
16.11 User Charts

16.11.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to determine effective policy regarding User
Charts:
- Purpose of particular file or chart or layer (correction, note, reference, etc.)
- Content with regard to visible data and links to data files,
- Naming with regard to purpose and geographic location
16.11.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to select User Chart for display:
- Load and unload various user charts already stored in the appropriate directory,
- Select specific information layers for display,
- Save, re-save, and re-name user charts (observe naming techniques)
-
16.11.3 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to use the graphic editor for creating and
modifying a User Chart:
- Add the many various types of new objects in the required position with care as
pertains to use of scale,
- Edit objects and information,
- Move objects,
- Merge user charts
16.11.4 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to create, save and move an anchor circle guard
zone on a User Chart:
- An anchor circle can include a "danger" attribute triggered by the ECDIS Consistent
Common Reference Point (CCRP)
- The diameter should represent the maximum swing circle of the vessel
- The User Chart anchor circle should be positioned on the vessel's hawse pipe at the
moment the anchor is let go
- Anchor Guard Zone functions provided on ECDIS (as on GNSS units) generally do not
reference the position of the vessel's anchor or the vessel's swing circle

1. Operates specific functions constituting task groups for route monitoring in an near coastal
area;
4. Use route created by the student including route schedule;
5. Select user layers created by the student;
6. Validate own ship's position by alternate means
7. Check settings such as vector time, display reset, information layers, alarms, track, sensors,
and own ship configurations;
8. Assess environmental conditions such as tide, current, wind, waves;
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9. Modify the selected route as instructed, check for safety, adjust route schedule;
targets; and
individual watch, be able to select the appropriate selection of user layer and alarms, route
successfully monitored, use of the RADAR/ARPA overlay, identify sensor errors/faults,
successful modification of the route and successful creation of route taking into account ship’s
draft and underkeel clearance and successfully fix a manual position.
17) ARPA/RADAR Overlay 0.5 hr Lecture Using

Equipment
17.1 Sensor Setup
17.1.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to examine sensor setup requirements for
ARPA targets:
- The identity of associated com port(s) and baud rate matched to ARPA output
- Correct location of sensor reference (Consistent Common Reference Point)
- It is possible that ships fitted with ECDIS prior 01st January 2009 may not have
ARPA overlay feature.
17.1.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to determine speed and heading inputs used in
ARPA calculations
17.2 Access Target Information Display

17.2.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to access target information display:
- Cursor (mouse over)
- Target table, with sorting options for data fields
- Target name field in table may provide direct display link on chart
17.3 Target Symbol Features
17.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to Interpret target symbol features:
- Identify by number from ARPA, or by writing an alias into target table
- Vector and green circle at radar-determined position
- Alarm may be set when both CPA and TCPA approach limitations are exceeded
- Vector length the same as set for own ship
- Target tracks are saved in daily files, and selectable for viewing on display
17.4 User Interface

17.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to operate the user interface controls for radar
overlay
- Target tracking
- Image recording
- The overlay image can be removed from the display by a single interface option
17.5 Image Offset

17.5.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate the sources of image offset:
- A mismatch can develop between chart and radar data,
- Sensor position setup,
- Input of radar data (such as from transceiver problems)heading misalignment,
- Position sensor error,
- Uncharted and/or incorrectly charted objects, and chart datum error
17.6 ECDIS-tracked Target Source

17.6.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to Determine source of ECDIS-tracked target
data calculations:
- ECDIS speed and heading inputs are used in ECDIS-tracked target data calculations
- Radar motion vector may be through the water rather than over ground
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- CPA & TCPA are derived from the ECDIS independently from the radar
17.7 Corrections to Own Ship Position using ARPA

17.7.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to determine source of ECDIS-tracked target
data calculations:
- Make corrections to own ship’s position, using a reference point captured by
ARPA
- Corrections to own ship's position, using a reference point captured by ARPA/
RADAR
- Position check using known object(s) utilizing radar navigation
18) AIS 0.5 hr Lecture Using Equipment

18.1 AIS Connection
18.1.1 Describe the connection of an Automatic Identification System (AIS) to ECDIS
18.1.2 The AIS connection enables:
- Receiving identification and navigation information on other targets transmitting on
AIS,
- Analysis of target’s motion over ground
- Potential control from ECDIS of own ship's Static and Voyage data
- Data string consists of considerable amount of encapsulated data,
- Data string is transmitted by VHF data link (VDL) with typical line of sight range
limitations
- It is possible that ships fitted with ECDIS prior 01st January 2009 may not have AIS
sensor input.
18.2 Sensor Setup

18.2.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate to examine sensor setup requirements for AIS
targets:
- Identity of associated com port(s) and baud rate matched to AIS interface
- Correct location of sensor reference (Consistent Common Reference Point)
18.2.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to determine alarms and other settings for AIS
targets:
- Alarms and other settings for AIS targets are set in ECDIS target panel
- CPA & TCPA calculations on AIS targets are derived from ECDIS speed and heading
inputs
18.3 Access Target Information Display

18.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to access target information display options
using:
- Cursor
- Target table, with sorting options for data fields
- Target name field in table may provide direct display link on chart
18.4 Target Symbol Features

18.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to interpret AIS target symbol features:
- Position of symbol represents the target's transmitted (D)GNSS antenna position
- An AIS target is displayed graphically as a green isosceles triangle with heading of
vessel (if transmitted), including flag showing direction of turn
- Additional vector from ECDIS calculation of COG, with length the same as set for
own ship
- Divergence of COG/SOG vector from heading indicator represents target's drift
angle
- Target is processed for collision avoidance by the ECDIS on the same principles as
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tracked targets
- Identifier is MMSI number until static information is established then name and call
sign can be displayed (by writing an Alias into Table)
- ARPA tracking on ECDIS can be correlated with an existing AIS target
- Alarm can be set when both CPA and TCPA approach limitations are exceeded
- Target tracks are saved in daily files, and selectable for viewing on
19) Procuring and Installing Chart Data 1.5 hr Lecture Using

Equipment
19.1 Chart Data
19.1.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to chart data structure, terminology, and
installation procedures:
- SENC, and various formats
- The operator procures, installs/updates, selects; the ECDIS unit initializes, loads
(introduced in Lesson 12)
19.2 Chart Format Requirements

19.2.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to chart format requirements for ECDIS:
- ECDIS requires the use of charts in official formats issued by the properly authorized
government hydrographic offices.
- These are currently S 57 specified ENCs (manufactured by the respective regional
Hydrographic Offices); S-101 ENC product specification is currently being
developed; S-100 IHO universal hydrographic data model has been developed
recently to enable the easier integration of hydrographic data and applications into
geospatial solutions, and will eventually replace S-57
19.3 Examine Data Distribution Sources for ENC

19.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to data distribution sources for ENC
- Regional/global coordinating centres (RENC) such as Primar (hosted by the
Norwegian HO) and IC-ENC (hosted by the UKHO) are engaged in the distribution of
ENC data.
- These centres accumulate chart databases from participating hydrographic offices,
ensure quality standards are met, and provide the data to distributers for procurement
by end users
19.4 SENC Conversions

19.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate to examine data distribution sources for SENC
conversions
- The S 57/ENCs distributed by a SENC service from ENC providers Primar, IC-ENC
and NOAA have been converted to CD8 SENC format for simplified installation and
updating.
- The process of converting S-57 (ENC) format charts to SENC format is subject to
DNV and IHO requirements.
19.5 Licences
19.5.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to examine licence structure for various
formats, and practise installation:
- Licence/permit structure depends on the chart data format
- Licence/permit installation generally occurs through the chart data management
associated with the ECDIS
19.6 Extract Information on Installation History

19.6.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to extract information on installation history:
- Installation history is retained during installation
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- History includes the addition and deletion of individual charts/cells

- History file is generally accessible through the chart data management utility
20) Installing Chart Corrections 1.0 hr Lecture Using Equipment and

2 hrs Practical
20.1 Importance of up-to-date Corrections
20.1.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how electronic chart data is maintained with up-to-
date corrections:
- The safety of navigation requires data that is maintained with up-to-date corrections
- The responsibility of seaworthiness as defined by SOLAS requires charts for the
intended voyage that are up to date
20.2 Manual Corrections

20.2.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to add or modify a chart object using Manual
Correction task or appropriate ECDIS function:
- Using the Manual Correction task in ECDIS, a chart object layer may be added or
modified
- The manual correction may include attributes and links, may be concealed, may be
made time-active, and may be deleted
20.3 Automatic Updates

20.3.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to examine production licence options for
accessibility of automatic updates:
- Chart data licensing options may include services for automatic updating
- Sometimes referred to as maintenance in reference to proprietary chart data
20.3.2 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to install various automatic update formats
using various methods
20.3.3 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to use chart managing utility associated
with the ECDIS program, install the following depending on availability:
- Procured or downloaded ENC updates
- Procured or downloaded RNC update patch files
- Procedure for applying T&P notices and navigational warnings. The overlay of the
T&P Notice/Navigational warning is designed to be displayed as an additional
information layer on top of a standard ECDIS chart display.
20.3.4 Explain that caution must be exercised when performing chart and other updates. Updates
shall be avoided during transits through restricted waters or high traffic areas and should
preferably be conducted prior commencement of voyage
20.4 Extract Information on Update History

20.4.1 Using the ECDIS explain/demonstrate how to Extract information on update history
- Installation history is retained during updating
- History includes the addition and deletion of individual charts/cells
- History file is generally accessible through the chart data management utility

1. Operates specific functions constituting task groups for route monitoring in restricted waters;
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4. Use route created by the student including route schedule;

5. Select user layers created by the student;
6. Validate own ship's position by alternate means when there is loss of one or more sensor inputs
7. Check settings such as vector time, display reset, information layers, alarms, track, sensors, and
own ship configurations;
8. Comply with the COLREGS
9. Use of the Man Overboard (MOB) function
10. Assess environmental conditions such as tide, current, wind, waves;
11. Modify the selected route as instructed, check for safety, adjust route schedule;
targets; and
individual watch, successful route planning, route successfully monitored, identifying a senor
fault/error, Successfully fixing of position using alternate means, successful use of the MOB
function and recovery of Man Overboard.
The trainee obtains all relevant information for safe navigation and operates specific functions for collision
avoidance while route monitoring in restricted waters.
21) System Reset and Backup 0.5 hr Lecture

21.1 ECDIS Back-up Arrangement Regulations
21.1.1 Discuss the intent of regulations on ECDIS back-up arrangements taking into consideration
the following:
- The regulations on ECDIS back-up arrangements intend that backup is ensured
through electronic and/or paper chart options
- The installation of a duplicate set of ECDIS equipment combined in a single
computer network where each ECDIS workstation is connected to the navigational
sensors and assigned “Master” or “Slave” status, guarantees interchangeability
without loss of data in case of failure of one of the systems
- The availability of an updated paper chart collection is required where a single
set of ECDIS equipment is installed (standalone), or when ENC coverage for the
intended route is unavailable, such as when raster or proprietary chart data is
provided instead of ENC data
- The purpose of the backup arrangement is to preserve the safety of navigation in the
event of degradation or loss of the ECDIS as the primary means of navigation
21.2 Back-up in Standalone ECDIS Failure
21.2.1 Discuss back-up procedures in standalone ECDIS failure event

21.2.2 Discuss the requirements for charts include the planned route
21.2.3 Discuss the requirement for regular plotting of ship’s position when navigating within
restricted waters
21.3 Network back-up in ECDIS Failure

21.3.1 Discuss networked back-up procedures in (Master) ECDIS failure event
21.3.2 Briefly discuss the prior equalizing of route, chart data and user data
22.1 Troubleshooting in ECDIS

22.1.1 Discuss troubleshooting routines in ECDIS, such as for:
- Damaged initialization and configuration files,
- Integrity of cables and com ports integrity,
- Sensor assignment and configuration
22.1.2 Recognize consequences to navigation safety while troubleshooting including: track display,
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autopilot functions and other systems deriving data feed from ECDIS
22.2 Data Storage Consequences

22.2.2 A knowledge of the consequences to data storage while ECDIS workstation is down:
- Despite continuous functioning of sensors, the consequence while ECDIS
workstation is down is that all data storage ceases
- There will be a gap graphically on the display upon restoration of ECDIS workstation and
a corresponding gap in electronic logbook data
23) Archiving ECDIS Data and Data Logging 0.5 hr Lecture

23.1 ECDIS Data Management
23.1.1 Briefly discuss ECDIS data management to work with files associated with ECDIS
operations
23.1.2 Briefly discuss the groups of navigational data files (logbook, own ship tracks, target
tracks, user charts, routes, ship model, system log, S57 log)
23.1.3 Discuss ECDIS data management to transfer selected data files between
storage media:
23.1.4 Recognize ECDIS directory structure for file retrieval and storage
23.1.5 Recognize which files can be copied or moved to other directories or drives
23.2 Logbook Task

23.2.1 A knowledge of the requirements and functions of logbook task in ECDIS, such as:
- Chart data field includes displayed chart number (if ENC, also source, edition, date and
cell)
- Does not include Route or Route Schedule used in monitoring
23.2.2 A knowledge of the display functions of ownship track and tracks of AIS, ARPA and
overlay targets
23.2.3 Understand the requirements and functions of logbook task in ECDIS, such as:
- Voyage recording consists of 24-hour data files, changing dates at GMT midnight
- A complete status check of all alarm functions and many setup conditions upon
date change
23.2.4 Discuss collection of all fields upon:
- Waypoint and Watch change (basic),
- Manually triggered Event,
- Screen coordinates change due to display reset (true and relative motion) and scale
change
- Change in chart data displayed
- Change in alarm status and condition
23.3 Display Functions

23.3.1 Briefly discuss the display functions of ownship track and tracks of AIS, ARPA and
overlay targets:
- Includes position and heading data up to every second, but possibly less frequent
depending on the ECDIS and its settings
- Ownship track history from alternate date may be displayed instead of current date
- creating ambiguity if unintentional
- No matter what track date is displayed, current track for six minutes will be
displayed
- Targets tracked on ARPA, radar overlay and AIS (as connected sensors) will be
included in track file
24) Responsibility and Assessment 2.0 hrs Lecture

ii. Review of Collision Regulations (COLREGS)
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iii. Briefly discuss the lack of specific provisions for ECDIS (or position fixing or
AIS) in the COLREGS
iv. Briefly discuss Rule 5- Lookout and the interpretation of “all available means”
v. Briefly discuss Rule 7- Conduct of Vessels in Any Condition of Visibility
vi. Briefly discuss Rules 4-10
24.1 Review of IMO Conventions

24.1.1 Briefly discuss SOLAS, as amended particularly SOLAS V/2, V/19 & V/27 regulations
address:
- The carriage of charts
- The equivalency of ENC format vector charts and paper charts
- The non-equivalency of any other format
- SOLAS V/19 was amended in June 2009 to mandate ECDIS carriage requirement on ships
(see MSC.282(86)
24.1.2 Briefly discuss IMO approval of equipment and installations as amended regarding:
- Equipment and installations are specified in IEC 61174 ed. 3.0, ECDIS operational and
performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results;
24.1.3 Discuss IMO carriage requirements
vii. SOLAS ch. V Reg. 19.2.10 and 19.2.11 as amended by resolution MSC.1/Circ. 1502
(24 July 2015), and any other resolutions
24.1.4 Review STCW Convention and the STCW Code, as amended particularly
- STCW Convention, Regulation 1/14: “Responsibilities of companies regarding ECS and
ECDIS
- STCW 2010 Part A (Code) - International ECDIS training requirements to maintain safe
navigation using ECDIS at the operational and management levels.
- STCW 2010 Part B (Code) - Guidance- The training and assessment in the operational
use of but is not to be regarded as required or enforceable
24.1.5 Briefly discuss ISM and IMO requirements of ship owners & operators
- ISM Code (International Ship Management Code) requires the ship owner or operator to
ensure that personnel are given proper familiarization with their duties
- Ship’s equipped with an approved ECDIS, the ship owner has to provide ECDIS training to
ensure that ECDIS users are both properly trained and familiar with the shipboard
equipment before it is used. (Ref: Paragraphs 6.2,6.3,6.5 of ISM Code)
24.1.6 Discuss the links to operations without complete or updated chart data being considered a
contributing factor in several recent casualties.
24.2 Review of IMO Resolutions

24.2.1 References to installations
- IMO’s revised ECDIS Performance Standards, MSC.232(82) as amended
- MSC.1 /Circ. 1503 (24 July 2015) on ECDIS software maintenance as amended
- SN.1/Circ.265 (10/2007) on bridge design as amended
24.2.2 Other references
- MSC.1/Circ.1502(24 July 2015) “Differences between RCDS and ECDIS”, as amended
- Any other IMO reference, as applicable
24.3 Review of Canadian Regulations

24.2.2 Review Canadian regulations about carriage of ECDIS
24.2.3 Review Canadian regulations regarding ECDIS training and certification
25) Effective Navigation with ECDIS 1.0 hrs Lecture

25.1 Bridge Functions Incorporating ECDIS
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25.1.1 Discuss how ECDIS can be used to support important bridge functions
25.1.2 Discuss the requirements for skill and knowledge in ECDIS
25.1.3 Briefly discuss why ECDIS constitutes as an additional bridge function
25.2 Bridge Operating Procedures

25.2.1 Describe how ECDIS can be used to support bridge functions
25.2.2 Describe how ECDIS as an addition to the following bridge functions:
- Visual monitoring – effective lookout, verify visual contact
- Planning – charts, updates, routes, weather forecasts, weather routing
- Piloting – course changes, dead reckoning, vessel position, radar overlay, position
history, alarm history
- Manoeuvres – conditions (wind, tide, current, ice, climate data), vessel
characteristics, docking, anchoring, lightering, canal transit
- At anchor – monitor position, monitor other traffic, tidal current trends
25.2.3 Review sample bridge operating procedures addressing ECDIS
25.2.4 Simplified bridge operating procedures addressing ECDIS should include (but
should not be limited to) the following:
- Maintain visual lookout supplemented by ARPA & ECDIS
- Validate correct functioning of electronic instruments at regular intervals
- Manage chart database and updates
- Maintain voyage plans & files (consistent with approved and filed copies
25.3 Safe and Practical Navigation with ECDIS
25.3.1 Understand that safe and practical navigation with ECDIS should include (but should not
be limited to) the following:
a) Use of ECDIS unit itself:
- Make setup choices for specific conditions
- ECDIS may be viewed for widely different purposes and setups should be
accommodating
- Perform visual scanning techniques applied to ECDIS pages/screens
b) Use of instruments integrated with the ECDIS (centralization of information):
- Cross check (trust but verify) displayed information by all other available
means
- Verify settings and functions of sensors connected to ECDIS
c) “Problem of Partial Use” (unfamiliarity with the unit and/Acknowledgement of
or procedures may lead to distracting problem solving attempts at inopportune
times, or to a disuse of the unit altogether, neither of which improves the safety of
navigation). Navigators should:
- Know what can and cannot be accomplished before the need arises
- Know that limited or restricted use results in unverified and unintended
settings
- Perform on ECDIS anything done on a paper chart
- Perform on ECDIS things that cannot be otherwise done as effectively or
efficiently
d) Performance of ECDIS could be affected in following cases:
- ECDIS in operation comprises hardware, software and data.
- For the safety of navigation that the application software within the ECDIS
works fully in accordance with the Performance Standards and is capable of
displaying all the relevant digital information contained within the Electronic
Navigational Chart (ENC)
- ECDIS n o t updated with the latest version of IHO Standards w i l l n o t
m e e t t h e chart carriage requirements in SOLAS regulation V/19.2.1.4
e) ECDIS not upgraded to be compatible with the latest version of the Product
specification or the S-52 Presentation Library may be unable to correctly
display the latest charted features and the appropriate alarms and indications may
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not be activated even though the features have been included in the ENC.
f) ECDIS not updated to be fully compliant with the latest version of the S-63 Data
Protection Standard may fail to decrypt or to properly authenticate some ENCs,
leading to failure to load or install.
25.4 Anomalies
25.4.1 Understand the nature, risk and methods taken to resolve ECDIS anomalies
25.4.2 Understand ECDIS due to being software driven is future anomalies
25.4.3 Understand the advice and guidance regarding the anomalies will periodically will be
made available to ships
26) EVALUATION
Written
50 multiple-choice questions covering the complete knowledge and competency of the course. The
passing mark is 70%.
Practical
A practical evaluation on the ship’s simulator that will meet the requirements below and follow the
marking as outlined in Chapter 4 of this TP 4958:
1.Ability to create a route;

2.Ability to set-up and adjust all alarm control and parameter;
3.Execute part of route for the student to be able to demonstrate monitoring the route;
4.Ability to view the logbook and make manual entries;
5.The student needs to be about to properly react to a navigation aid error; and
6.Be able to competencies to save, retrieve and playback the route files.
Conditions for the examination:
1.Route shall be in confined waters with 6 non-threating targets; and

2.The weather should be calm seas, and less than 15 knots of wind.
12) SIMULATED ELECTRONIC NAVIGATION REFRESHER

(SEN-REF)
12.1 GENERAL
This course is to meet the requirements of the Marine Personnel Regulations to establish continued
professional competence of a master or officer. These competencies will help promote safety of life at
sea, protection of marine environment in regards of training of our masters and officers in the application
of electronic navigation systems and instrument typically found onboard vessels and maintaining
watchkeeping standards. This course may also be used by Canadian Association of Petroleum
Producers as an overview for their non-mariner staff.

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3. Simulator Exercise Manuals;
7. DNV GL AS Class B (NAV) Bridge Operation or Class A (NAV) Bridge Operation meeting the
requirements of the Maritime Simulator Systems Standards for Bridge Operations;
8. The Class B simulator or Class A Simulator must meet the requirements set out in: Table 3-3
Behavioural realism Items 2.1-2.9 for Class B or Class A; Table 3-5 Operating Environment items
3.1-3.19 for Class B or Class A; and in addition instruments for Anchoring Controls indication of
navigational lights, AIS and control system for fire detection, fire alarm and lifeboat alarm;
9. The simulator will also need to record and store exercises, as well as, print it off;
10. At least video monitoring equipment to allow for the instructor to see the student’s reaction. Each
simulator room must be able to be monitored from the instructor station;
*Although not required, audio monitoring will be beneficial to hear the student’s reactions and orders being given.
11. A debriefing room to allow students to view the playback of the exercise;
12. Each Own Ship Simulator shall be isolated from one another and design in such a way the level of
sound such as student’s conversations and the ambient noise of the simulator is kept at a minimum
to avoid any distraction;
13. Own Ship Model: At least 150 m in length but not more than 200 m in length, single screwed and
not more than one bow thruster;
14. Targets: Minimum targets for the data base to include- MOB, Fishing vessel, tug, tug and barge,
pleasure craft (or small vessel which could be simulated as one); ferry, commercial vessels; and
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Students must have been out of the marine industry for more than 5 years; or have not met the
renewal requirements for their certificate of competency as outline in the Marine Personnel
Regulations and have successfully completed one of the following examinations:
 SEN O;
 SEN F; or
 SEN M.
*Note: Non-mariner staff for Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers may use this course as an
introduction.
12.4 DURATION
12.5 COURSE OUTLINE
Hours
1) Introduction
Facility Orientation 1 hr
Introduction and Administration
2) RADAR and ARPA

2.1 RADAR and ARPA-General
2.2 IMO Symbols and Controls 2 hrs 2 hrs
2.4 Navigating with the RADAR and ARPA
2 hrs 4 hrs
3) RADAR Plotting
3.1 Construction of Plot
3.2 Radar Plotting for Collision Avoidance
4) Electronic Systems for Navigation and Watchkeeping 2 hrs 3 hrs

4.1 E-Loran
4.3 Echo Sounder
4.4 AIS
4.5 BNWAS
4.6 Navigational Errors
5) Principals of Watchkeeping 1 hr
5.3 Bridge Records
6) Resource Management
6.1 Introduction to Resource Management 4 hrs
6.2 Communications
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6.5 Leadership
7) Electronic Charting Systems (ECS) and Passage

Planning
7.1 Passage Planning 2 hrs 2 hrs
7.2 Review of ECS
7.3 IHO symbols
7.4 Errors
8) Ship Emergencies 2 hrs

8.1 Identify and discuss Distress calls and procedures
1 hr
8.2 Discuss various shipboard emergencies
9) Evaluation
1 hr 1 hr
Sub-total: 17 13
1) Introduction 1 hrs
Lecture
1.1 Introduction
1) Describe learning objectives

2) Explain course syllabus
2) RADAR and ARPA 2 hrs Lecture and 2 hrs Practical

2.1 RADAR and ARPA General
2.1.1 Brief review of the RADAR system
2.1.2 Brief review of the ARPA system
2.1.3 Briefly discuss AIS overlay on the ARPA
2.1.4 Briefly discuss ECDIS overly on the ARPA

2.2.2 Discuss any updated IMO resolutions for the RADAR/ARPA

2.3.1 Demonstrate the proper start-up, set-up and shut down of a RADAR
2.3.2 Demonstrate the proper set-up, set up and shut down of a ARPA
2.4 Navigating with the RADAR and ARPA

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2.4.1 Briefly describe the different orientations (Head-on, North-on and Course-up)
2.4.2 Briefly describe the different motions and stabilizations
2.4.3 Demonstrate how to use parallel indexing lines for navigation
2.4.4 Demonstrate the knowledge of the proper use of each RADAR and ARPA control

2.5.1 Brief understanding of the Collision Regulations as applied to RADAR

1. Set-up and shut-down of the RADAR;
2. Proper technique to set-up the RADAR in different weather conditions ;
3. Technique to set up the RADAR in Head-Up, Course-Up and North-Up;
4. Proper technique to determine the position of the vessel using EBL, VRM, and curser;
5. Ability to plot the vessel’s position on the chart;
6. An understanding of Parallel Indexing; and
7. Use all the RADAR controls.
3) RADAR Plotting 2 hrs Lecture and 4 hrs

Practical
3.1 Briefly discuss the Motion Triangle using OTM symbols
3.2 Construct the Relative Motion Line using at least 3 plotting points and the OT symbols
3.4 Demonstrate the most appropriate action in accordance with the Collision Regulations
All students must be able to plot two target in the simulator and:
1. Construct a OTM triangle;
2. Calculate the CPA and TCPA ;
3. Interpret the information from the plot;
4. Understand which vessel is the give-way and which vessel is the stand-on;
Regulations; and
conditions. The Own Ship shall be the give way in some scenarios and the stand-on in other
scenarios.
Practical
4.1 E-Loran
4.3.1 Briefly describe an E-LORAN system

4.2.1 An understanding of how to use GPS, DGPS/WAAS.
Note: DGPS is to be covered until Canada officially discontinues the service .
4.3 Echo Sounder

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4.4 AIS
4.4.1 Briefly discuss the types of messages the AIS system can receive
4.4.2 An understanding of how to use AIS

BNWAS Systems

4.6.1 Brief discussion on the IBS and INS systems

decision making.

1. Plot the vessels position on the chart using GPS and DGPS/WAAS;
2. Set-up the AIS;
3. Understand how to receive messages from the AIS system ;
4. Check the vessel’s position by verify with at least two navigational aids; and
5. If the simulator is fitted with IBS, the RI may do an exercise to demonstrate the use of IBS.
5) Principals of Watchkeeping 1hr Lecture

5.1.1 Understand and demonstrate the Watchkeeping Standards as per the applicable STCW
Convention (STCW or STCW-F)
5.2 Bridge Records

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6.2 Communications
6.2.2 Demonstrate clear, concise communications and acknowledgements in a seaman-like manner
members

6.3.1 Understand how to allocate, assign and prioritize resources

6.5 Leadership


7.3 IHO Symbols

7.3.1 Briefly discuss the common IHO symbols on the ECS
7.4 Errors
7.5 Discuss any updated IMO resolutions regarding ECS and ECDIS

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Practical demonstration of the ECS functions including routing and route monitoring.
8) Ship Emergencies 2 hrs Lecture and 1 hr Practical

Describe the procedure and information required to give a distress, urgent and security
call
8.2 Discuss the correct response as per IAMSAR for the following distress situations:
- Fire
- Blackout
- Steering Failure
- Engine Failure
- Man Overboard
- Medical Emergency
8.3 Simulation
All students must perform simulated exercises to demonstrate effective competency in responding to a
man overboard.
9) EVALUATION
Written
30 multiple-choice questions and 2 short answers covering the complete knowledge and competency of the
course. The passing mark is 70%.
Practical
A practical evaluation on the ship’s simulator that will meet the requirements below and follow the marking
as outlined in Chapter 4 of this TP 4958:
1. The weather will be either night time navigation or reduced visibility;

2. The seas will not be more than 1 m and the winds not more than 20 knots;
3. The student will need to plot two targets. The situation can be head-on, crossing, or overtaking. The
Own ship can be stand on or give way;
4. The student will need constructing the OTM Triangle, calculating the Full Report for each target The
student will need to indicate the situation, identify the give way and stand on vessel, determine and
demonstrate the most appropriate action according to the Collision Regulations; and
5. The student will need to maintain a proper watch and the ability to use all navigation equipment
including the RADAR to demonstrate the use parallel indexing for navigation.

TP4958 - Simulated Electronic Navigation Courses - Nov PDF

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TP 4958E

The Executive Director, Marine Personnel

Date signed: __________________________________

Original Date Issued: July 2000 Date Revised: November 2018

2. Simulator Instructor ............................................................................................... 6

3. Approval of Training Courses ................................................................................ 8

4. Training and Assessment ...................................................................................... 10

5. Simulated Electronic Navigation Limited (SEN-L)............................................ 13

6. Simulated Electronic Navigation Domestic (SEN-D) ......................................... 21

7. Simulated Electronic Navigation Fishing (SEN-F) ............................................. 31

8. Electronic Positioning Systems (EPS) .................................................................. 42

9. Simulated Electronic Navigation Operational (SEN-O) .................................... 52

10. Simulated Electonic Navigation Management (SEN-M) ................................. 64

11. Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) .......................... 76

12. Simulated Electronic Navigation Refresher (SEN-REF) ............................... 103

1.5 HOURS OF COURSE OUTLINES

1.6 CLASS SIZE AND STUDENT/INSTRUCTOR RATIO

SEN Domestic Maximum of two (2) students per unit

SEN –Fishing Maximum of two (2) students per unit

EPS- Electronic Positioning Systems Maximum of 24 students in the class

SEN-Operational Maximum of two (2) students per Own

SEN –Management Maximum of two (2) students per O/S.

ECDIS Maximum of two (2) students per unit

c. The ratio for SEN Limited and SEN Domestic is 12:1

1.7 COURSE MANUALS

1.8 CLASSROOMS AND SIMULATOR EQUIPMENT

 RIs must keep attendance records;

 Students must have 100% attendance for all skill demonstrations

1.10 EQUIVALENCY BETWEEN OLD AND NEW COURSES

Simulated Electronic Navigation Level 1 (SEN-1) Simulated Electronic Navigation-Operational Level

1.11 FOREIGN EQUIVALENCIES

No course Equivalency SEN-D

No course Equivalency SEN-F

Model Course 1.07, Model Course 1.34 and EPS

1.12 REFRESHER COURSE AND RENEWAL OF EXAMINATION

Course Refresher Course

SEN-F, SEN-O, SEN-M SEN-R

SEN-L, SEN-D SEN-L, SEN-D has to be repeated

2.2 TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION-GENERAL

Course Minimum Certificate of Competency of the

SEN-M and SEN-R Master Near Coastal

ECDIS Chief Mate

A. TRAINING PROGRAM FOR NEW INSTRUCTORS

 Pre session Briefings

3. At a minimum, the training program will have to ensure the instructor:

 has a knowledge of the RIs procedures and quality management system

3. APPROVAL OF TRAINING COURSES

3.2 RECOGNIZED INSTITUTION

3.3 COURSE MATERIAL-SIMUALATED EXERCISES

 Title of the exercise;

 All the information of the Student Exercise Sheet;

3.4 COURSE APPROVALS

Executive Director, Personnel Standards and Medicine

4. TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT

4.2 FAMILIARIZATION WITH THE SIMULATOR EQUIPMENT

It shall cover at least the following:

1. The use of instruments of the simulator;

4.3 SIMULATED EXERCISES

The simulated exercises should:

1. To be as realistic as possible; and

* RI may use a series of small quizzes

4.4.2 SEN-F, SEN-O AND SEN-M

* RI may use a series of small quizzes