History of Marine Biology- Timeline Fact Sheet

● Below is a chronological list of the events that have been significant in the development of the
science of Marine Biology.
● Fill it in using your notes and the history of Marine Biology presentation
● Each student is responsible for the descriptions and significance of five events/technology.
● You will put a timeline together using this​ ​The Timeline Maker.​ ​using this information​ Be
creative.
● Include a brief description and a picture in your timeline on ​The Timeline Maker​.

No. Event/ Date Description Significance

Technology
1 Gatherers 75,000 Clam mounds/ Shell The mollusk shells were strung
years Necklaces together to make necklaces.
ago

2 Pacific 3,000 - Navigators with the wind, They were the first mariners.
Islanders 1,000 BC current, and wave patterns.

3 Phoenicians 2,000 - They sailed around the They were the ones to create
1,200 BC Mediterranean creating navigation around the seas.
celestial navigation, trade
routes, and colonization.
4 Aristotle 4th He was a greek scholar and he He was the First marine Biologist
Century wrote records of significant
BC (384 biological observations.
- 322
BC)
5 James Cook 1768 - He was an English sea He made different discoveries
1779 captain and Made scientific and traveled where many
observations. haven’t
He was Employed a
full-time naturalist and
made ​Three voyages to the
Antarctic and PacificIslands
in 1768-1779
He was then Killed by
Hawaiians in 1779

6 Charles 1831 He proposed the idea of He Unearthed ideas that no ones

Darwin evolution by natural selection. had thought of before and he
explained the unexplainable.
He did Studies of coral reefs,
plankton, and barnacles and
many more organisms
7 The Wilkes 1838 - Captain Wikes was vain and It was the first international
Expedition 1842 cruel survey funded by the US
($928,000)
He charted the coast of
Antarctica, 280 South Pacific
Islands, and “Oregon”.
8 Marine 1872 - Some laboratories are: They are used to study living
Laboratories 1888 Stazione Zoologica, Italy organisms, conduct long term
Marine Biological Laboratory, experiments, and give access to
Massachusetts. more biologists.
9 The Challenger 1872 - It was a british warship that Could answer questions to the
Expedition 1876 was geared for dredging, unknown of the ocean.
water sampling and bottom
sampling.

It could provide 50 volumes of

data.
10 Sonar 1914 - SONAR: Sound Navigation Urgency for military use
1918 Ranging

11 SCUBA 1943 SCUBA: Self COntained Allowed marine biologists to

Underwater Breathing observe marine organisms in
Apparatus their natural environment, up to
165 feet.
12 Satellite 1959 - It is used to Monitor global It helps to keep our system and
Imagery Present temperature, weather, algae facts about the earth in check
Day production, and pollution

13 FLIP 1960’s R/C FLIP It fills the hollow hull with water
Floating and swings FLIP to a vertical
Instrument position and stabilizes the vessel.
Platform
14 Alvin 1964 It is a deep sea submersible Alvin has made more than 4,200
owned by the US NAVY. It can dives and can hold a pilot plus
reach 99% of the global ocean two scientists.
floor. It submerges up to 6500
meters.
15 ROV’s 1970’s - ROV: Remote Operated It can retrieve specimens from
Present Vehicle the deep sea.
Day

16 Aquarius 1986 An underwater marine Allows experiments to be taken

biology lab, has living out under the sea in the water.
quarters at a depth of 20
meters for 10 day missions.
17 Crittercam 1986 A camera attached to animals. It allows for scientists to see how
animals interact with each other
from the animal’s perspective.

18 AUV’s 1991 AUV: Autonomous Vehicle that moves by its own

Underwater Vehicles controls underwater.

19 NOAA Okeanos 2010 - Telepresence Technology Cameras to view the ocean floor
Explorers Present has a dedicated ROV.
Day

20 Marine Present Organisations that make They provide more helpful

Conservation Day discoveries and explore more information about the ocean.
Organisations of the mysterious ocean.