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 Current Affairs Section-Wise PDF

2020 ENVIRONMENT
Table of Contents
Environment 2020 – January ......................................................................................................................................... 3
Environment 2020 – February ....................................................................................................................................... 4
Environment 2020 – March ............................................................................................................................................ 4
Environment 2020 – April .............................................................................................................................................. 5

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Environment 2020 – January

Paddlefish of China’s Yangtze River, declared as extinct
China has declared that the country’s giant paddlefish often called as 'Panda of the Yangtze river' or
'Chinese swordfish' has become extinct. The extinction was reported due to decades of overfishing. As
per scientists of the Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute (YRFRI) the paddlefish with scientific
name Psephurus gladius which can grow upto 22 feet (7 meters) in length became extinct between
2005 and 2010. The conclusion regarding the extiction was based on an evaluation by a panel of experts
arranged by the International Union for Conservation (IUCN) of Nature in Shanghai. The announcement
was made through a research paper published in Science of the Total Environment.

Red brittle star "Ophiocoma wendtii" becomes the 2nd creature to exhibit extraocular vision : UK
scientists
For the 1st time, Scientists from the University of Oxford in England, United Kingdom (UK), have shown
that a starfish-like species called “red brittle star (Ophiocoma wendtii)” lives in the coral reefs of the
Caribbean Sea can see even though it does not have eyes/ the ability to exhibit extraocular vision. It has
become only the 2nd creature, after a sea urchin species, known to have this ability. In both species,
extraocular vision is facilitated by the photoreceptor cells found on their bodies. A light-sensing cells
that cover its whole body, give the species visual stimuli to recognise coarse structures such as rocks.
The study has been published in the journal Current Biology.

Govt. to encourage Indian pompano cultivation in the country

Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh(AP) has
successfully cultivated Indian pompano- marine fish species in a brackishwater pond (low salinity)in
the region, thus scientifically proving its commercial viability. It was also the 1st scientific experiment
which became successful in Indian pompano cultivation. With this success, the govt plans to encourage
more Indian pompano cultivation. The scientific name of Indian pompano is Trachinotus mookalee. It
belongs to genus Trachinotus in the family Carangidae.

Three new frog species discovered in Arunachal Pradesh

Bhaskar Saika and Bikramjit Sinha, scientists of Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) had discovered three
new species of tiny frogs in Talley Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, Lower Subansiri district of Arunachal
Pradesh. The three new species of tiny frogs had been named as ‘Liurana himalayana’, ’Liurana indica’
and ‘Liurana minuta’. A study has been published in a science journal, the Records of the Zoological
Survey of India. Earlier, Saika and Sinha found a rare frog species, ‘Megophrys pachyproctus’, from
Talley Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, AR.

Meteorite Contains the Oldest Material On Earth: 7-billion-year-old Stardust

Scientists discovered the oldest material on earth, 7 billion years old grains inside the meteorite that
crashed in a fireball in 1969 into the town of Murchison in Victoria State, southeastern Australia. All the
dust specks that were analyzed in the research came from before the solar system’s formation known
as ‘presolar grains’. A team of scientists led by Philip Heck, curator of meteorites from the Field Museum
in Chicago, United States examined the presolar grains and research published in ‘Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences’ (PNAS).

ZSI documents another new snake eel species “Ophichthus kailashchandrai” in Odisha
The new snake eel species residing in the Bay of Bengal has been discovered and documented by the
Estuarine Biology Regional Centre (EBRC) of the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) at Gopalpur-on-sea in
Odisha. The new marine species have been named as Ophichthus kailashchandrai to honour the vast
contributions of Dr. Kailash Chandra (Director of Zoological Survey of India) to Indian animal taxonomy.
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Ophichthus kailashchandrai is the 8th species of the Ophichthus genus found in the Indian coast and the
5th new species discovered by Gopalpur ZSI in the last 2 years. The study has been published in journal
Zootaxa.

New meat-eating Dinosaur species Allosaurus jimmadseni found in Utah, US

Paleontologists discovered a new meat-eating dinosaur species at Natural History Museum of Utah,
United States (US) that lived in the food plains of western North America during the Late Jurassic
period, between 157-152 million years ago. The new species named as Allosaurus jimmandseni evolved
at least 5 million years ago and published in open-access scientific journal PeerJ. The species belongs to
the allosauroids (a group of small to large-bodied, 2 legged carnivorous dinosaurs that lived during the
Jurassic & Cretaceous period).

Environment 2020 – February

79-million-year-old fossils of new Thanatotheristes found in Canada
The University of Calgary’s graduates Jared Voris and Darla Zelenitsky has discovered that the 79-
million-year-old dinosaur fossils at Alberta, Canada in 2010 is belongs to a new species of Tyrannosaur
named as Thanatotheristes degrootorum after John and Sandra De Groot found the fossil in 2010, which
means “reaper of death”. Tyrannosaurs were one of the largest meat-eating dinosaurs, researchers
found that Thanatotheristes is the oldest tyrannosaurs from North America, and it preyed large plant-
eating dinosaurs.

World’s largest species of cave fish discovered in Meghalaya’s Jaintia Hills

A team of experts from UK (United Kingdom), Switzerland, and India have discovered the world’s
largest species of cave fish in Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya. The fish, Tor putitora has no eyes and is white due
to lack of melanin pigmentation. The details of the finding are published in the issue of Cave and Karst
Science, published by British Cave Research Association. Thee fishes are commonly found in the rivers
that flow along the foothills of Himalayas, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar and Nepal.

‘Henneguya salminicola’-First ever animal that can survive without oxygen discovered by
Scientists from Tel Aviv University (TAU)
Researchers at Tel Aviv University (TAU), Israel have discovered a jellyfish-like parasite,’Henneguya
salminicola’, without a mitochondrial genome, the first multicellular organism known to have this
absence. That means it doesn’t breathe and lives its life completely free of oxygen dependency. The
study has been published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The finding
was led by Prof. Dorothee Huchon of the School of Zoology at TAU’s Faculty of Life Sciences and
Steinhardt Museum of Natural History.

Environment 2020 – March

Genetic study revealed the endangered red panda is actually two separate species
According to the genetic study on the endangered species of mammals revealed that Red pandas, the
bushy-tailed and russet-furred bamboo munchers that exist in Asian high forests, are actually 2
separate species. Earlier both the Chinese red pandas & the Himalayan red pandas were together
considered as red panda species.
 Chinese red pandas: Chinese red pandas are found in northern Myanmar as well as
southeastern Tibet, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in China.

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 Himalayan red pandas: Himalayan red pandas are native to Nepal, India, Bhutan and southern
Tibet in China.
Read full details here: Genetic study revealed the endangered red panda is actually two separate species

Newly Discovered insect species named after singer Lady Gaga

A newly discovered species of treehopper has been named “Kaikaia Gaga” after American Singer Lady
Gaga. The species was named by Brendan Morris, PhD candidate in entomology from University of
Illinois, United States (US). The Species was found near the Pacific coast of Nicaragua. The information
about the new insect species was published in the journal Zootaxa.

UK scientists discover fossil of the world’s oldest known modern bird, call it ‘Wonderchicken’
Scientists at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom (UK) have discovered a fossil of the
world’s known modern bird skull dating to about 66.8m – 66.7m years ago- means the birds lived
alongside dinosaurs for around a million years before the latter died out. Scientists dubbed the creature
as ‘Wonderchicken’, which is thought to be a common ancestor of modern chickens and ducks. The
findings were published in the journal Nature.

Fins of prehistoric fish “Elpistostege watsoni” revealed origins of the human hand
A study led by paleontologist Richard Cloutier of Universite du Quebec a Rimouski in Canada has
revealed revealed the origins of the human hand after examining the 380-million-year-old complete
fossil of an ancient fish called Elpistostege watsoni which had finger bones in its front fins. The team has
examined the specimen using the high-energy computed tomography. The study is published in the
journal Nature.

Environment 2020 – April

New pit viper discovered in Arunachal Pradesh named after Harry Potter Character
The new species of green pit viper discovered in Arunachal Pradesh by a team of researchers was
named Salazar’s pit viper after Salazar Slytherin, a fictional character in J.K Rowling’s book series
“Harry Potter”. Trimeresurus Salazar– a fifth variety of reptile to be discovered in Arunachal Pradesh.
They belong to genus Trimeresurus Lacépède “charismatic venomous serpents with morphologically as
well as ecologically diverse species”.

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