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Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited.

1|Page
Report

On

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited.

Prepared For
Jahura jabin Anika

Instructor of ART 102

Prepared By
Jannatun Nayem

Prog: BBA

ID# 13202045

IUBAT- International University of Business Agriculture and Technology

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04 April 2016

Letter of Transmittal

04 April 2016

Jahura Jabin Anika

Instructor of ART 102

IUBAT- International University of Business Agriculture and Technology.

Uttara, Dhaka.

Dear Madam,

It is great pleasure for me to submit my proposal on the topic of “Credit Management


System of Uttara Bank Limited.”. I have prepared this Research, as partial fulfillment of the
course ART 102. To make this research up to the standard I tried my best to fulfill the
requirements, by implementing the knowledge I have gather from the course.

Thank you very much for providing me this type of opportunity and giving me the
necessary guidance and direction needed for preparing the report.

I express my heart full gratitude to you to go through this research and make your
valuable comments. We hope this type of research will be able to fulfill your expectation
towards me.

Yours truly

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 3|Page


Jannatun nayem

Student Declaration

I am declaring that this report on the topic of” “Credit Management System of Uttara
Bank Limited.” has only been prepared for the course requirement ART 102. It has not been
prepared for any other purposes, like reward or presentation.

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 4|Page


Acknowledgement

All praise to almighty Allah our creator, our sustainer to whom we all have to return. I
bear the witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah merciful and benevolent
and I also bear the witness that Mohammad (Sallallahu allihi wasallam) is Allah’s slave and
messenger.

In the process to doing and preparing my report, I would like to pay my gratitude and
respect to some persons for their immense help and enormous cooperation.

First of all I would like to pay my gratitude to my respectable instructor Jahura jabin Anika who
gave the opportunity of doing report on “Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited.”.

Then I would like to thank Manger of Uttara Brance, who provides me much valuable
information, which was very mandatory for me to do this report.

Finally I would like to thank again respected faculty Jahura Jabin Anika, as because he gave us
the opportunity of making such kind of report that will be very helpful for my prospective career.

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 5|Page


Executive Summary

This internship report is a partial requirement for the Bachelor of Business Administration
program. The report is based on working experience on Uttara Bank Limited (UBL). I was
assigned in the Mugdapara Branch, Dhaka of Uttara Bank Ltd. This report gives a clear
idea of evaluating the performance of Uttara Bank Limited. The data has been collected
from primary and secondary source. Primary sources are group discussion, practical work
experience, case study. Secondary sources are library, several books, and periodicals
related to the banking sector, Bangladesh bank report, different circular sent by the head
office and Annual report of Uttara Bank Limited (UBL).
The report consists of six chapters. The first chapter describes the introducing matters of a
formal report which includes origin, background, objectives, methodology, scope and
limitations etc. The second chapter includes some definitions which are cash, capital
reserves, capital adequacy, deposits, investment, import & export, remittance, return on
assets, return on equity, earnings per share, assets, liabilities, gross profit, net profit, and
debentures. It is also includes some theoretical matters these are; regulations and
supervision of Bangladesh Bank for banking sector, regulatory policies & acts, the bank
examination process, risk-based capital adequacy, loan classification and provisioning and
provisioning, qualitative criteria, provisioning requirements, actions of Bangladesh on
problem banks and weak economy and need for financial sector reform. The third chapter
describes the overview of Uttara Bank Limited which are includes; background of the
bank, Board of directors, vision and mission of the bank, products & services, operational
areas, capital & reserves, profitability position of the bank, total asset position of the bank
and total liability & shareholder equity position of the bank. The fourth chapter of the
report is performance evaluation of the Uttara Bank Limited which are provides cash,
share capital, reserve funds, deposit, investment, import & export, foreign remittance.
Human resource and training, all of these matters are very much influence to evaluate the
performance of UBL. The fifth chapter is the analysis and finding of the report which
provides; analysis related with performance evaluation of UBL and also include SWOT
analysis and findings, of the Uttara Bank Limited. The working environment  of UBL is
very conductive and friendly. The staffs are specialized in their respective fields. Each of
them works on their own and there is close supervision from the top. The motivation of
the employees comes from the very sense of responsibility. The sixth chapter ends up the
report with complementary conclusion & recommendation with all analysis and judgment,
I have tried to evaluate the performance of Uttara Bank Limited with my practical
experience. I express my heartiest gratitude to all the parties related to make the work
done.

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Table of Contents
Topics Page No.

Preparatory Part:

A. Title Fly …………………………………………………… I

B. Title Page …………………………………………………… II

C. Letter of Transmittal ………………………………………… III

D. Acknowledgement …………………………………………… IV

E. Executive Summary …………………………………………… VI-VII

F. Table of Contents ………………………………………………. VIII

Empirical part of the report IX-XV

1.1 Background of the Study……………………………………….. X-XI

1.2 Objectives………………………………………………………… XII

1.2.1 Broad Objective………………………………………. .XII

1.2.2 Specific Objectives……………………………………..XII

1.3 Methodology ………………………………………………………XIII

1.3.1 Types of research..............................................XIII

1.3.2 Data collection process……………………….XIII

1.3.3 Population……………………………………..XIII

1.3.4 Sampling procedure…………………………....XIV

1.3.5 Sample size…………………………………….XIV

1.3.6 Data process and analysis………………………XIV

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1.4 Scope of the study………………………………………………...XV

1.5 Limitations………………………………………………………….XV

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PART-01

INTRODUCTORY PART

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1.1 Introduction of the Report

Bank is defined as a financial institution that deals with money. There are different types of
bank like Central bank, Commercial bank, Savings bank, Loan bank, Merchant bank, Co-
operative bank etc. But generally I use the term “Bank” which means “Commercial bank”
that collects deposit from surplus unit of the society and deposits to the deficit units. The
economic development of a country largely depends on its strong Banking and Financial
Institutions. Banks and financial institutions play an important role in the growth and
expansion of a developing country like Bangladesh.

Uttara Bank is one of the largest and oldest private sector commercial bank in Bangladesh,
with years of experience. The Bank was formally known as the “Eastern Banking
Corporation Limited” which started journey on & from 28/ 1/1965. From that period of time,
it has been expanding its operation with years of experience to serve the clients as Ill as the
country. Adaptation of modern technology both in terms of equipment and banking practice
ensures efficient service to clients. 223 branches at home and 600 affiliates worldwide create
efficient networking and reach capability. Uttara Bank serves both clients and country. The
necessity of credit management cannot be ignored in any ways because of its dependency in
the banking sector. It can be considered as the backbone of any bank as it shows the ways to
do all the banking tasks and it is actually the starting point of all the banking operations. It
provides the opportunity to its clients to deposit money and at the same time attractive
services are ensured as per the customer needs, wants and close accounts, mail transfer,
demand draft, receive cheque for clearing etc. So, all the operations are started from the credit
management activities and all of these are based on the monetary transition. As a result,
recording of all monetary transaction has become compulsory in the modern business sector.
Not only recording, but also it includes the process of communicating, summarizing and
explaining the economic events of a bank within a specific period of time. It can show in all
of my internship report I have tried of my best to provide almost all of the basic idea of credit
management system and basic banking process that is practiced in all of the branches of
UBL. I have also concerned about the performance evaluation from different perspective.

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1.2 Objectives of the Study

1.2.1 Broad Objective

The prime objective of this report is to achieve practical knowledge about the credit
Management System of Uttara Bank Limited and specific objectives are as follows:

1.2.2 Specific Objectives

 To acquire practical experience about work environment, to know relation among


staff, discipline and behavior of an organization that will help me to buildup future
working life.
 To Identify credit Management System.
 To distinguish credit procedures.
 To recognize the performance of UBL in credit Management of aspect.

1.3 Scope of the Study

Now in this global arena the activities of commercial banking are very fast. This report is an
attempt to analyze the every banking operation of the Uttara Bank Ltd. This study focuses on
the Credit Management System of the Uttara Bank Limited. This report has the crisp
details of the procedure of the Credit Management System. Along with that, a relevant stream
of discussion has been made on the theory and policy issues relating to Credit Management
System. I had a great opportunity to have an in depth knowledge of all the banking activities
practiced by the Uttara Bank Limited.

1.4 Methodology of the Study

It has followed a systematic procedure starting from the selection of the topic to the final
report preparation. The whole part was to identify and collect data; they Ire classified,
analysed, interpreted and represented in a systematic manner to find the vital points. The
overall process of methodology is followed:

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1.5 Sources of Data

1.5.1 Primary Source


Primary Data was derived from the practical deskwork, personal interview, questionnaire,
observation etc. Moreover, the survey also helped me to get information directly from the
employees and customers of Uttara Bank Limited.

1.5.2 Secondary Source


The information for the theoretical part of the report was collected from secondary sources
like books, annual reports, Pervious Internship Report, periodicals and website of Uttara
Bank Limited
1.6 Selection of the topic:
My Supervisor was assigned me the topic. Before assigning the topic it was thoroughly
discussed so that I can prepare a systematic report.

1.6.1 Limitations

To prepare this report I face some limitation. Following limitations were present:

1. Some information was withheld to retain the confidentiality of the bank.


2. Non-availability of some preceding and latest data.
3. Data from Uttara Bank is highly confidential for the outside people and we had no
authority to use the core banking software.
4. I also faced time limitations because 3 month was not enough to prepare this report.
5. The respondents were not egger to reply accordingly.
6. Although I have obtained wholehearted co-operation from employees and customers
of Uttara bank, Amin Bazar Branch but they could not manage enough time to deal
with my report.
7. Due to lack of previous job experience there might have some shortage of proper
information but through maximum efforts I tried to avoid any short of mistakes.

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PART-02

ORGANIZATIONAL PART

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2.1 History of the Uttara Bank Limited

At first Uttara Bank Limited was established in 1964 named as an eastern banking
corporation. After liberation war it was changed to Uttara Bank. In 1984 it issued its share
through stock exchange and named as Uttara Bank Limited. Uttara Bank is one of the
largest and oldest private sector commercial banks in Bangladesh with years of experience.
Adaptation of modern technology, both modern equipment and banking practice ensure
efficient service to their customers. Within 224 branches at home and 600 affiliates
worldwide create efficient networking and Ill capability. UTTARA Bank is serving both
clients and country. It started its banking business through opening of import letters of
credit in favor of foreign suppliers on behalf of various import clients. After starting
operation as a commercial bank from November 1, 1985 on words, side by side with the
traditional products it also started providing all types of foreign exchange related services to
its different categories of clients. As such the establishment of a strong international
division was felt since the very inception of the bank. The division  has been managing  by
executives and officers who are Ill conversant with foreign exchange related to operations
so that branches dealing in foreign exchange related transactions could get all the supports
from the head office , besides giving international trade related support to the branches the
division is responsible for proper maintenance of the nostrum accounts for investment of
excess foreign reserves.
2.2 Mission

 To provide high quality financial service


 To provide excellent quality customer service
 To maintain corporate and business ethics.
 To become a trusted repository of customers money and their financial
advisor.
 To make their stop superior and rewarding to the customers.
 To display team sprite and professionalism.
 To have a sound capital base

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2.3 Vision

“To be in the front of national development by providing all the customers inspirational
strength, dependable support and the most comprehensive range of business solution through
our team of professional that work passionately to be outstanding in everything to do.”

2.4 Goal

“Building a profitable and socially responsible financial institution focused on Markets and
Business with growth potential, thereby assisting and stakeholders build an enlightened,
healthy, democratic and poverty free Bangladesh”.

2.5 Slogan: “আবহমান বাংলার ঐতিয্যে লালিত”

 2.6 Board of Director

Mr. Shah HabibulHaque


Mr. Shamsuddin Ahmed
Mr. FaruqueAlamgir
Col. Engr. M. S. Kamal (Retd)
Independent Director
Mr. Syed A. N. M. Wahed
Mr. Sk. Amanullah
Depositor Director
Mr. Muhammad Quamrul Ahsan
Managing Director
Mr. Shamsuddin Ahmed
 
Executive committee
Chairman
Mr. Azharul Islam
Managing Director & CEO
Shamsuddin Ahmed

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Directors
Mr. Shah HabibulHaque
Col. Engr. M. S. Kamal (Retd)
Lt. Col. DewanZahedur Rahman (Retd)
Vice Chairman  
Mr. Iftekharul Islam

2.7 Organizational Structure

Chairmen

Board of directors

President and Managing Director (MD)

Deputy Managing Director (DMD)

Senior Executive Vice President

Executive Vice President

Senior Vice President

Vice President

Senior Assistant Vice President

Assistant Vice President

Senior Principal Officer

Principal Office

Executive Officer

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Senior Officer

Officer

Junior Officer

Assistant Officer

(Source: Credit management 2015 website: http://www.assignmentpoint.com )


Figure 01: Organization Structure
2.8 Uttara Bank Limited Networks

Corporate Offices ( Corporate Branch & Local Office )  2


Regional Office 12
Worldwide Affiliates 600
Total Branches ( Including Corporate Branch & Local Office ) 223
Authorized Dealer Branches 38
Treasury & Dealing Room 1
Training Institute 1
Total Man Power 3562

Regional Offices
Dhaka Central Zone Dhaka North Zone
Dhaka South Zone Narayanganj Zone
Mymensing Zone Chittagong Zone
Sylhet Zone Bogra Zone
Rajshahi Zone Khulna Zone
Barishal Zone Comilla Zone
Source :( www.uttarabankbd)

Table 1: UBL Networks and Regional Offices

2.9 Branch Profile

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AMIN BAZAR BRANCH Contact Person
Afzal Bepari Market, Amin Bazar Manager
Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh Telephone: 02-9001518
Mobile: 01991144152
E-mail:aminbazar@uttarabank-
bd.com

Source: (www.uttarabankbd)

Table 2: summary of the branch

2.10 Corporate Information of Uttara Bank Limited

Source: www.uttarabankbd.

Table 3: Corporate Information of Uttara Bank Limited

2.11 Corporate Information

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Uttara Bank Limited enlisted in Dhaka Stock Exchange on 1984, it has been rated as “A”
category share under the banking sector.

Name of the Organization: Uttara Bank Limited.


Legal From: The Uttara Bank Limited was incorporated as a banking
company on 29th June 1983 and obtained business
commencement certificate on 29th August, 1983.
Registered Office: 47, Shahid Bir Uttom Asfaqus Samad Sarak (90, Motijheel
Commercial Area), P.O. Box No. 217 & 818 Dhaka-1000,
Bangladesh. Telephone PABX 9551162

Tele fax: 88-02-7168376, 88-02-9572102


Cable: Banker
Swift Code: UTBLBDDH
E-mail: uttara@citecho.net , ublmis@citecho.net
Ib site: www.uttarabank-bd.com
Chairman: Mr. Azharul Islam
Vice Chairman: Mr.Md. Asaduzzaman
Managing Director: Mr. Shamsuddin Ahmed
Company Secretary: Mr.Md. Fazlur Rahman
Chief Financial Officer Mr. Md. Golam Mustafa, FCA
(CFO):
Auditors: M/S. Ata Khan & Co. (Chartered Accountants)
Legal Adviser: Mr. M. Moniruzzaman Khan (Barrister at law)
Source: (www.uttarabankbd)

Table 3: Corporate Information

2.12 Product and Services of Uttara Bank Ltd

Product and Services

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Deposit Foreign Exchange International Loans and

Scheme Business Products Advances


Bank Special Non Resident Foreign Letter of Credit Personal
Savings Scheme Currency Deposit Loan scheme
(SSS) Account (NFCD)
Back to Back Letter of
Resident Foreign
Fixed Term Credit (BTB L/C) Festival Small

Business Loan
Currency Deposit
Deposit (FDR)
Account (RFCD) Buying and Selling of

Short Term Foreign Exchange Special House Loan

Foreign Currency
Deposit (STD)

Deposit Account
Savings Bank
Long Term and

Account (SB A/c) Foreign Demand


Short term

financing

Current Deposit Money Gram


Draft
Account (CD A/C) House Building loan

UAE Exchange
Current

Deposits (CD)
Placid Express

Source: (www.uttarabankbd)

Figure 2: Product and Services

2.13 Three Years Performance at a Glance (amount in million taka where applicable)

Particulars 2014 2013 2012

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Balance Sheet
Authorized Capital 6,000.0 6,000.0 6,000.0
Paid-up Capital 4,000.8 3,637.1 3,306.4
Reserve fund 8,179.1 7,042.3 6,490.5
Shareholders Equity 12,179.9 10,679.4 9,796.9
Cash 2,371.0 2,685.9 2,055.2
Deposits 114,158.7 111,300.1 93,658.6
Loans and advance 74,198.9 64,829.8 61,328.6
Investments 42,787.9 45,749.5 41,998.2
Fixed Assets 3,352.0 3,204.3 2,843.4
Total Assets 140,810.3 132,385.5 123,790.6
Income Statement
Gross Income 15,181.1 15,245.1 13,674.3
Gross Expenditure 11,368.3 12,109.7 10,412.9
Net profit/loss 1,389.4 1,310.4 1,236.4
Loan And Advance Business
Export 13,447.3 14,306.0 14,192.9
Import 45,870.9 40,336.8 35,418.6
Foreign Remittance 52,030.2 44,301.3 43,585.6
Share Information
Market Value Per Share (Face value tk.10) 25.90 31.10 38.10
Book Value Per Share 30.44 29.36 29.63
Earnings Per Share (Face Value Tk. 10) 3.47 3.28 3.40
No. of Shareholders 76,359.0 82,081.0 74,336.0
(Source: UBL Annual Report 2014)

Table 4: Performance of UBL for Last three years

2.14 Ratio Analysis

Particulars 2014 2013 2012


Current ratio 0.77 1.04 1.11
Net Working 729.41 2085.43 3611.90
capital(million)
Cost Income Ratio: 49.86% 52.23% 53.36%
Total Asset Turnover Ratio 0.056 0.059 0.059
Debt Ratio 0.95 0.95 0.95
Time Interest Earned Ratio 1.11 1.49 1.61
Investment to Deposit ratio 0.221 0.242 0.332
Net Profit Margin 0.04 0.09 0.13

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Return on Asset (ROA): 0.23% 0.55% 0.77%
Return on Equity (ROE): 5.77% 11.92% 16.69%
Earnings per Share 142.83 124.59 102.56
Price Earnings Ratio 19.68 18.56 47.34
(Source: UBL Annual Report 2014)

Table 5: Ratio Analysis of UBL for Last three years

2.14. 1 Ratio Analysis

a. Current ratio

The current ratio, one of the most commonly cited financial ratios, measures the firm’s ability
to meet its short term obligations. The higher the current ratio, the better the liquidity position
of the firm. It is expressed as:

Current Ratio=Current Asset/Current Liabilities

Current Ratio
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
0.33

0.24
0.22

2014 2013 2012

Figure 03: Current Ratio

Interpretation

Current ratio 0.221, UBL needs more liquid money for operating the bank. But UBL,
Current ratio is decreasing where as normally banking industry maintains 1: 1 current ratio.
This graph shows that, the current ratio is decreasing year by year.

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b. Total Asset Turnover Ratio

Total Asset Turnover Ratio


1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
0.33

0.24
0.22

2014 2013 2012

Figure 04: Total Asset Turnover Ratio

Interpretation

That is the lower total asset turnover ratio, the more liquid the firm is considered to be. But
UBL, total asset turnover ratio is decreasing where as normally banking industry going up.
This graph shows that, the total turnover ratio is decreasing year by year.

c. Time Interest Earned Ratio

Time Interest Earned Ratio


1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
0.33

0.24
0.22

2014 2013 2012

Figure 06: Time Interest Earned Ratio

Interpretation

That is the lower Time Interest Earned Ratio; the more liquid the firm is considered to be.
But UBL, Time Interest Earned Ratio is decreasing where as normally banking industry

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going up but UBL going down. This graph shows that, Time Interest Earned Ratio is
decreasing year by year.

Net Profit Margin

Net Profit Margin


1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
0.33

0.24
0.22

2014 2013 2012

Figure 06: Net Profit Margin

Interpretation

That is the net profit margin; the more liquid the firm is considered to be. But UBL, net
profit margin is decreasing where as normally banking industry going up but UBL going
down. This graph shows that, net profit margin is decreasing year by year.

d. Investment to deposit Ratio

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Investment to Deposit ratio
1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4
0.33

0.24
0.22

2014 2013 2012

Figure 08: Investment to Deposit Ratio

Interpretation

This is the investment to deposit ratio; the more liquid the firm is considered to be. But UBL,
investment to deposit ratio is decreasing where as normally banking industry going up but
UBL going down. This graph shows that, investment to deposit ratio is decreasing year by
year.

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PART-03

LITERATURE REVIEW

3.1 Review of Literature 


This Chapter focuses on the review of different journals, magazines and research project
of other people. This will be done with the following sub-headings: 

 Definition of Credit Management


 Process of Credit Management
 Types of Credit

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 Credit Policies and Procedures
 Credit Information
 Credit Process
 Criteria for Choosing a Bank
 Element of credit management 
 Credit vetting 
 The Control cycle 
 Managing the credit cycle 
 Secure method of Payment 
 Credit insurance  

3.2 Definition of Credit Management

There are many definitions given for credit management by different scholars. Among these
some are here cited as follows: Credit management is implementing and maintaining a set of
policies and procedures to minimize the amount of capital tied up in debtors and to minimize
the exposure of the business to bad debts. (Credit Management, from a debtor’s point of
view, is managing finances especially debts so as not to have a tail of creditors lurking behind
your back. Credit management is a responsibility that both the debtor and the creditor should
seriously take. (“Credit Risk Management”: www.garp.org.)

3.3 Process of Credit Management

The process of credit management begins with accurately assessing the credit-worthiness of
the customer base and his/her business viability. This is particularly important if the company
chooses to extend some type of credit line or revolving credit to certain customers. Hence,
proper credit management is setting specific criteria that a customer must meet before
receiving the proposed credit arrangement. (“Credit Risk Management”: www.garp.org.)

3.4 Types of Credit

There are four basic types of credit. By understanding how each works, financial institutions
will be able to get the most solution for their loan recovery and avoid paying unnecessary
charges. Service credit is monthly payments for utilities such as telephone, gas, electricity,
and water. You often have to pay a deposit, and you may pay a late charge if your payment is
not on time. Loans: Loans can be for small or large amounts and for short or long periods.

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Loans can be repaid in one lump sum or in several regular installment payments until the
amount borrowed and the finance charges are paid in full. Moreover, loans can be secured or
unsecured. Installment credit: is described as buying on time, financing through the store or
the easy payment plan. 13 The borrower takes the goods home in exchange for a promise to
pay later. Cars, major appliances, and furniture are often purchased this way. ( “Principles
for the Management of Credit Risk”: www.bis.org)

3.5 Credit Policies and Procedures

A Credit Policy is not something that is only operated by the Credit and risk Department. All
employees involved with customers, in any way, need to be aware of the credit policy and
ensure that it is operated consistently. In order to be effective, credit policies must be
communicated throughout the organization, implemented through appropriate procedures,
monitored and periodically revised to take into account changing internal and external
circumstances. (“Credit Risk Management”: www.garp.org.)

3.6 Credit Analysis

Credit analysis is the primary method in reducing the credit risk on a loan request. This
includes determining the financial strength of the borrowers, estimating the probability of
default and reducing the risk of non-repayment to an acceptable level. In general, credit
evaluations are based on the loan officer's subjective. ( “Principles for the Management of
Credit Risk”: www.bis.org)

3.7 Credit Information

Adequate and timely information that enables a satisfactory assessment of the


creditworthiness of borrower applying for a bank loan is crucial for making prudent lending
decisions. Prudent lending decisions made on the basis of adequate information on the
creditworthiness of borrower are one of the principal factors in ensuring the financial
soundness of banks. But, there has been serious difficulty in Ethiopia of getting accurate and

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timely information on prospective borrower that facilitates the making of such prudent
lending decisions. (“Credit Risk Management”: www.garp.org.)

3.8 Credit Process

The fundamental objective of commercial and consumer lending is to make profitable loans
with minimal risk. Management should target specific industries or markets in which lending
officers have expertise. The credit process relies on each bank’s systems and controls to
allow management and credit officers to evaluate risk and return tradeoffs. According to
Timothy (1995), the credit process includes three functions: business development and credit
analysis, credit execution and administration, and credit review. (“Credit Risk Management”:
www.garp.org)

3.9 Business Development and Credit Analysis

Business development is the process of marketing bank services to existing and potential
customers. With lending it involves identifying new credit customers and soliciting their
banking business, as Ill as maintaining relationships with current customers and cross-selling
non-credit services. Every bank employee, from tellers handling drive-up facilities to
members of the board of the directors, is responsible for business development. Each
employee regularly comes in to contact with potential customers and can sell bank services.
( “Principles for the Management of Credit Risk”: www.bis.org)

3.10 Element of credit management 


A typical Credit risk management framework in a financial institution should be broadly
categorized into following main components: 
 a) Board and Senior Management’s Oversight 
 b) Organizational Structure 
 c) Systems and procedures for identification, acceptance, measurement,
monitoring and controlling risks. (“Credit Risk Management”: www.garp.org)
3.11 Credit Vetting 

Credit Vetting is asserting the credit worthiness of the client or agent in terms of
financials. This is the first task to be completed by every business that is serious about getting
paid. I have to make sure that your customers are willing and able to pay you on time. Start
with a proper Credit Application Form that asks the right questions and gets all the

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information you need to make an informed decision at the very start. (“Credit Risk
Management”: www.garp.org)
 
3.12 Conceptual Issues

The term ‘loan’ refers to the amount borrowed by one person from another. The amount is in
the nature of loan and refers to the sum paid to the borrower. It is ‘borrowing’ and from the
view point of bank, it is ‘lending’. Loan may be regarded as ‘credit’ granted where the money
is disbursed and its recovery is made on a later date. It is a debt for the borrower. While
granting loans credit is given for a definite purpose and for a predetermined period. Interest is
charged on the loan at agreed rate and intervals of payment. ‘Advance’ on the other hand, is a
credit facility granted by the bank. Banks grant advances largely for short-term purposes,
such as purchase of goods traded in and meeting other short-term trading liabilities. There is a
sense of debt in loan, whereas an advance is a facility being availed of by the borrower.
However, like loans, advances are also to be repaid. Thus a credit facility repayable in
installments over a period is termed as loan while a credit facility repayable within one year
may be known as advances. However, in the present lesson these two terms are used
interchangeably.

 
 
 

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PART-04

TOPIC PART

Credit Management System

4.1 Types of Credit Facilities of Uttara Bank Limited


Depending on various nature of financing, all the credit facilities have been brought
under two major groups:
(a) Funded Credit

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(b) Non-funded credit. Under non-funded credit, there are basically two major
products namely Letter of Credit and Letter of Guarantee.

4.1 Funded Facilities

4.1.1 Bank Overdraft 


Overdraft facility is the result of an agreement with the bank by which a current account
holder is allowed to withdraw a specified amount over and above the credit balance in
his/her account. It is a short term facility, for 1 year and it is granted for general or
business purpose. This facility is made available to current account holders who operate
their account through cheque. The customer is permitted to withdraw the amount as their
necessary. Interest is charged on actual amount withdrawn by the customer. The interest
rate on overdraft is higher than that of the rate on loan. Customers can repay it in lump
sum, monthly or quarterly basis. This credit facility is sanctioned against Hypothecation of
inventory or stock of goods of customers.

4.1.2 Uttaran House Repairing Loan


This loan is sanctioned for repairing purpose of customer’s house. The rate of interest for
Uttaran House Repairing Loan is 18%, which is higher than that of other types of loan. It
is provided for the high level income holders.

4.1.3 Consumer Loan


Consumer credit is one kind of credit facility allowed by the Bank to buy home
appliances, cars and others necessaries that is repayable within a certain period through
monthly installments. But the Bank provides this loan facility to customers very rarely.

4.1.4 Personal Loan Scheme for Salaried Officers


 Emergency expenses for own marriage of a service- holder or his dependents.
 Emergency expenses of urgent surgical operation/ medical treatment.
 Emergency educational expenses of the children for admission/purchase of books,
examination fees etc.

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4.1.5 Special Features
 Any permanent salaried employee age between 20 to 55 years is eligible to get
loan.
 No collateral security is required.
 Maximum Amount of loan is Tk. 1, 00,000.
 Maximum period of loan is 3 years.

4.1.6 Required Documents


1. Documents related to applicant’s job for proof.
2. Two copies of passport size photograph.
3. Photograph of nominee if any duly attested by the account holder.
This bank provides consumer credit to government service holder, own employees and
service holder of non-governmental organization. A guarantee is taken from the person
who is known with the bank or the employees in the office.

4.1.7 Demand Loan against 


UBL provides demand loan to the customers against Fixed Deposit Receipt on demand.
The purpose of this loan is to meet the obligation under forced circumstances. The Bank is
eagerly interested to provide this Demand Loan against Fixed Deposit Receipt because of
liquidity of FDR. If necessity arises, the Bank can do encase the FDR quickly to meet
needs.
4.1.8 Financing
Uttara Bank Limited has been putting its stress on small Enterprise Financing and Medium
Enterprise Financing. The Bank’s strategy is to provide working capital and term loan to
different small and medium scale manufacturers, traders and service providers that fall
into SME universe. The Bank defines a business with fixed asset value of below TK.50lac
and 25 employees as Small Enterprise. Also, a business with fixed asset value of TK.50lac
to TK.1.5crore and employees more than 25 is defined as medium enterprise.
4.1.9 Term Loans
Term loan is the loan against fixed assets of borrowers. The purpose of this type of loan is
to finance fixed assets, machinery and equipment. The loan is repaid through monthly or
quarterly installments. Tenor or validity of term loan is maximum 8 years. There are 3
different types of Term Loans:

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1. Tenor or validity is up to 1year.
2. Tenor or validity is more than 1 year & up to 3 years.
3. Tenor or validity is more than 3 years.

4.1.10 Lease Financing


Lease financing is one of the most convenient sources of acquiring capital machinery and
equipment whereby a customer is given the opportunity to have an exclusive right to use
an asset usually for an agreed period of time against payment of rental. It is a term
financing repayable by lease rental. UBL deals in Finance lease only.

4.1.11 Lease financing categories


 Capital machinery preferably for its client base in the garments sector;
 Heavy construction equipment;
 Elevators/Lift;
 Air conditioner;
 Vehicles like luxury bus, mini bus, taxi cab, car, pick-up etc;
 Medical equipment;
 Generators, computers and any other items as may be deemed fit by the bank.

4.1.12 Syndicate Financing


Syndication means joint financing by more than one bank to the same clients against a
common security. This is done basically, to spread the risk. It also provides a scope for an
independent evaluation of risk. Participation in consortium or syndicate financing through
term financing is an important sector of investment of this bank.

4.1.2 Non-funded facilities

4.1.2.1 Letter of Credit 


Letter of Credit is an agreement by a Bank to make payments on behalf of a party under
specified conditions. Bank ensures the exporter to make the payment on behalf of the

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importer. The tenor or validity is maximum 12 months. In UBL the Letter of Credit can be
only issued by Authorized Dealer (AD) Branches; but Savar Branch, Dhaka is not an AD
branch. So it can not able to issue L/C directly.

4.2 Guarantee
UTTARA BANK LTD. offers guarantee for its reliable and valuable customer as per
requirements. This is also a facility in contingent liabilities from extended for participation
in development work like supply of goods and services. Through is the Bank ensures its
party to make payments for credit. If the party fails to pay the due, then the Bank will pay
for it.
4.2 Interest Rate of the Schemes

Types of Loans Interest Rate %


Cash Credit (Hypo) 17
Cash Credit (Pledge) 18
Over draft Above 3
House Building loan (General) 18
House Building loan (Staff) 6.5
Consumer Loan 18
Loan against FDR, MDS 15.5
SME 17
Lease Financing 18
Source: Uttara Bank, Amin Bazar Branch
Table 06: Interest Rate of the Scheme

4.3 Lending Cap


Credit portfolio is guided by the following Sect oral Caps in UBL. The Caps will be
reviewed from time to time depending on the market conditions, shift in Government Policy
and UBL’s credit policy:
4.4 Table of Lending Cap
SL No. Sector Caps Sector (%)

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1 Agriculture 1%
2 Term loan large & medium scale industry 10%
3 Term loan small & cottage industry 2%
4 Industry working capital 20%
5 Export financing 3%
6 Other commercial lending 44%
7 Consumer finance 10%
8 Others 10%
  Total 100%
Source: Annual report of UBL 2014
Table 7: Lending Cap

4.5 Graphical show of Lending Capacity

Agriculture
Trm loan large and midium scale
industry
Term loan small and cottage
industry
Indrusty working capital
Export Financing
Other Commercial Lending
Consumer Finance

Source: Credit Management 2015 www.assignmentpoints.com


Figure 08: Graphical show of Lending Capacity

4.6 Amin Bazar Branch Total Deposit, Loans and Profit

Particulars 2014 2013 2012

Total Deposit 118.39 142.86 150.45

Total  loan 14.75 23.8 25

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Classified Advance 2.69 1.39 1.138

Profit 21.56 25.6 32.34                

Source: Uttara Bank, Amin Bazar Branch


Table 8: Amin Bazar Branch Total Deposit, Loans and Profit

4.7 Graphical show of total deposit, loans and profit of Amin Bazar Savar branch

Source: Uttara Bank, Amin Bazar Branch


Figure 9: Graphical show of total deposit, loans and profit of Amin Bazar Savar branch

4.8 Branch Loans under different heads


From the above table we see that small enterprise financing amount is the highest and
corporate financing amount is zero. On the other hand agricultural loan amount is the
lowest.

4.9 Discouraged Business Types

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In context of present economic situation vis-à-vis Government Policy as well as market
scenario, the following industries and lending activities are considered as discouraged.
Military Equipment/Weapon Finance Highly leveraged transactions Finance of
speculative business Logging, Mineral Extraction/Mining or other activity that is ethically
or environmentally sensitive. Lending to companies listed on CIB black list or known
defaulters Share lending Lending to holding companies Bridge Loans relying on
equity/debt issuance as a source of repayment.

4.10 Credit Policy of UBL


Bank credit policy is the compilation of some wise decisions, which help the loan officer
in every steps of the loan process to execute his/her duty efficiently and properly. Credit
policy gives to loan management specific guidelines for making loan decisions, shaping
and managing the Bank’s overall loan portfolio. UBL has some policies for managing
credit, those are following:
1. Maintaining Know Your Customer (KYC) Policy
2. Discouraging low net worth or highly levered borrowers
3. Preference to trade and commerce sector
4. To ensure liquidity of customers
5. Diversification of credit portfolio
6. To ensure safety and security of credits

4.11 Strategy of Credit Management of UBL


The Bank undertakes to establish a credit risk management culture for practicing
minimum credit standards, assessing and managing risks, segregation of risk taking and
risk managing activities through:
 Risk taking willingness &
 Risk managing skills & wisdom
4.12 The Bank has some specific strategies for credit management, those are as
follows:
1. To cover risk through security against loan sanctioning
2. To increase coverage of loan services for wide range of geographical area
3. To enhance existing limits of good borrower clients
4. Extension of consumer loans
5. Extension of loans in textile (yearn/fabrics manufacturing) sector

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6. Encouraging loans for export oriented industries Maintaining good collateral
security against loans.

4.13 Customer’s Credit Worthiness


To select good borrowers UBL examines some specific criteria of those borrowers. The
Bank analyses customer’s character, capacity, capital, collateral, and condition (5 C’s) to
justify credit worthiness and eligibility for a bank investment, those are described below: 

4.13.1 Character
The bank analyses past track record of loan transactions of borrowers in UBL and in other
banks. Also, the accuracy of the information provided in the loan application is examined.
Moreover, the customer’s quality of integrity, responsibility, trustworthiness, and industry
goodwill and credit character is scrutinized.

4.13.2 Capacity
The customer’s credit repayment capacity and ability is justified before sanctioning loan.
The Bank examines cash inflows, outflows, net profit, and liquidity from customer’s
financial statements. Also, the Bank forecasts about customers earning and stability of the
financial condition.

4.13.3 Capital
The bank analyses current financial position of the potential customer’s organization. The
total amount of net asset, debt-equity ratio and capital are examined by the Bank. If capital
structure shows that the firm is highly levered, then the Bank marks it negatively.   

4.13.4 Collateral
Marketability of collateral is important to bank; if customers become defaulter the bank
can sell quickly that collateral which is easily marketable. The Bank justifies whether the
collateral is safe, secured and sufficient or not.

4.14 Lending Procedure of UBL

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Loan sanctioning is extremely important for a Bank, because of risk associated with it.
Any Bank wants to minimize risks, secure its assets and maximize wealth. To sanction
loan properly, UBL follows a specific sanctioning process. The loan sanctioning steps are
as follows:

4.15 Application for Loan


The borrower has to apply to UBL for loan by filling up of a specific application form. In
the application form customer mention what type of investment facility he/she wants from
the bank including his/her personal information and business information. Branch
manager or relationship manager conducts the initial interview with the customer. The
following documents, reports, and papers are necessary with the application form:
1. Trade License photocopy 
2. Historical Company Accounts for at least 3 years (Audited/Un-audited)
3. Bank Statement/Loan Account Statement(last 12 months)
4. Projected Company Accounts
5. Business Plan or Project Feasibility Report
6. Declaration of Stock/Inventory Book Debt for at least 12 months
7. Attested copy of Partnership Deed (for partnership firm)

4.16 Collection of Information


Receiving the loan application form, UBL sends a letter to Bangladesh Bank for obtaining a
report. This report is called CIB (Credit Information Bureau) report. The purpose of this
report is to be informed that whether the customer has taken loan from any other bank or
not, if ‘yes’ then whether these loans are classified or regular.
If Bangladesh Bank sends positive CIB report on that particular borrower and if the bank
thinks that the prospective borrower will be a good one, the bank will be scrutinize the
documents.

4.17 Scrutinizing of Information


First of all, Relationship Manager inspects project or firm for the loan is applied. On the
other hand, Branch Manager also inspects personally. They are investigated projects
existence ownership, legality, distance from the bank office, viability, monitoring cost &
possibilities are examined. The Relationship Manager prepares Risk Grading Score Sheet to

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measure the risk. Branch Manager Collets all documents from the customer and those
documents sends to Zonal Office.

4.18 Loan Appraisal


Then the head office analyses the documents. If they seem to be a good one then next will
come processing stage. In this stage, the bank prepares a proposal. A proposal contains all
relevant information (e.g. name of the client, type of the loan, amount of the loan, rate of
interest, period of giving loan, repayment, security etc).Head Office scrutinizes the
investment proposal and afterwards puts up a memorandum to executive committee of
Board of Director. The Investment Committee reviews the investment proposal and accepts
or rejects the proposal.

4.19 Sanction of Loan


After approval by the Investment Committee a sanction advice is prepared in favor of the
client. The Bank sends sanction letter to its clients, which contains the following elements:
 Loan Limit
 Type & Amount of Loan
 Purpose of Loan
 Rate of Interest
 Securities

4.20 Loan Documentation


The Bank’s Credit Administration Division ensures that all approvals and documents are
in order. Also, the Bank prepares security documents in accordance with the approved
terms and ensures those are legally enforceable. Charge documents vary on the basis of
types of facility, types of collateral. The Bank checks the following documents:
 Valuation Certificate
 Tax Clearance Certificates
 Inventory Report
 VAT certificate
 Liability Statements from different parties
 Receivables from different parties
 Last 2 years net income business transactions
 CIB report

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 Performance report with the Bank

4.21 Loan Disbursement


After receiving all the documents and ensuring preconditions the bank disburses the loan
to the customer and monitoring of loan starts as well. The Bank prepares a loan
disbursement authorization form. For withdrawing the loan amount in case of Personal
Loan customer creates a current account and the loan amount is transferred to the C/A. In
case of Business Loan, Bank transferred loan amount to the client’s account.

4.22 Credit Approval Process

The loan approval process of Uttara Bank Limited contain some specific order, those are the
following:
1. The Relationship Manager will assess the particulars of the application and will
sanction loans/advances if within the delegated power of RM.
2. But if it is not within the delegated power, RM will recommend the limit to Zonal
Head, who will sanction loan /advance as per delegation. If it beyond his discretionary
power he send to CRM Marketing at Head Office for scrutiny.
3. After examining the proposals they will forward the same to CRM approval wing
mentioning that the proposal may be taken up for decision.
4. If there is any deviation, they will mention the same and also send the proposals to
CRM approval wing for decision by HOC.
5. The recommending or approving executives take responsibility for and are held for
their recommendations or approval .Delegation for approval of limits should be in
accordance with revised business delegation powers circulated by Head Office from
time to time.

4.23 Disbursement Process


 Disbursements under loan facilities are only made when all standard charge
documents and security documentation are in order and preconditions for
disbursement are met fully.
 RM and Credit Administration officer to jointly prepare documentation check list.

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 Credit Administration Division is to authorize disbursement.
 Evidence of disbursement is to be documented in the Disburse Authorization Form.
 Disbursement authority to check that pricing of the facility are within the Bank’s
declared band.
 All disbursement/ drawings are to be covered by approved credit lines.
 A clean updated CIB report must be obtained before any disbursement.
 All formalities related to large loans and loans to Directors should be guided by
Bangladesh Bank circulars and related section of Bank Company Act.

4.24 Credit Assessment Procedure


Clients have to submit a formal application for desired loan amount to RM by mentioning
financial value of primary securities and collateral securities. They have to attach trade
license, documents of collateral securities, financial statements and other required papers
mentioned by UBL.
 The RM will primarily verify the applications of clients, visit clients business
organizations and also visit clients house/land properties that have mentioned as
collateral securities by the clients. The RM will follow UBL`s established Know
Your Customer (KYC), Money Laundering guidelines, and Bangladesh Bank’s
regulations at all times.
 Based on the findings of such visits, RM will go for preparing a full fledged Credit
Application after undertaking a through credit check, and critical credit and risk
assessment of the client  according to Credit Policy  & Guidelines of  UBL. The
Proposal is to be sent to the Head of Marketing (HOM) along with the
recommendation of the Relationship Manager/Credit Manager& Zonal Head- to
initiate the proposal to CRM (approval) for credit approval process.
 The Credit Application is to be fully documented along with all legal, business,
financial information with full disclosures so that approving authority can take
decision.

4.25 Assesses the following risk areas:


 The majority shareholders, management team and group of affiliate companies of the
borrowers will be assessed by UBL. Any issue regarding lack of management depth,
succession, complicated ownership structures or inter- group transactions will be addressed

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and related risk mitigated by UBL. The key risk factors of the borrower’s industry will be
assessed by the bank. Any issues regarding the borrower’s position in the industry, overall
industry concern or competitive forces will be addressed. Also, the strengths and
weaknesses of the borrower will be compared to its competitors and identified.

4.26 Credit Risk Management Process Credit Risk Grading:


CRG is a collective definition based on the pre-specified scale and reflects the underlying
credit risk for a given exposure. A credit risk grading deploys a number or alphabet or
symbol as a summary indicator of risk associated with a credit exposure. CRG is the basic
module for developing a credit Risk Management System.

4.27 Functions of credit risk grading


Well managed credit risk grading system promotes safety and soundness of banks by
facilitating informed decision making. Grading system measures credit risk and
differentiates individual credit or groups of credits by the risk they pose. This allows
management to monitor changes and trends in risk levels. The process also helps the
management to optimize returns.

4.28 Risk Grading Matrix:


The purpose of Credit Risk Grading Matrix is to apply uniform standards to ensure a
common standardized approach to assess the quality of individual obligor, credit portfolio
of a unit, line business, the branch or the bank as a whole. These will largely constitute
obligor risk level analysis and portfolio risk level analysis. The following Risk Grading
Matrix is provided as a guideline for UBL officials. But there is a chance to assign a more
conservative risk grade if conflict arises between risk score and personal judgment.
4.29 Risk Grading Process
 For ascertaining Risk Grade of an account, UBL prepares a Financial Spread Sheet
(FSS) on the basis of historical financial statements of the party while analyzing the
Credit Risk elements of a credit proposal from financial point of view.
 The FSS is well designed and programmed software having two parts- input and
output sheets. The financial data of the borrower need to input in the input sheet
first, output of FSS is automatically generated.

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 Credit Risk Grading is a regulatory requirement for all exposures irrespective of
amount for corporate and commercial lending. It is used for all credit facilities-new
or renewal for specific transactions or regular limits.
 All risk grades are prepared by the RM and completed in consultation with the
Branch Manager.

4.30 Credit Risk Grading Review


Credit Risk Grading for each borrower is assigned at the inception of lending and
periodically updated. Frequencies of the review of the credit risk grading are mentioned
below:
Number Risk Grading Review frequency (at
least)
1 Superior Annually
2 Good Annually
3 Acceptable Annually
4 Marginal/Watch list Half yearly
5 Special Mention Quarterly
6 Sub-standard Quarterly
7 Doubtful Quarterly
8 Bad & Loss Quarterly
Source: www.uttarabankbd.

Table 09: Credit Risk Grading Review

4.31 Credit Monitoring


Credit monitoring helps a bank to get maximum profit by minimizing credit risks. Credit
monitoring means to observe whether the repayments of credits (principal amount and
interest) from clients are occurring regularly or not, under the terms and conditions of
sanctioned credits.
The system shall be in place to produce and report the following status reports to MD,
Head of Credit, Head of Marketing, Branch Managers and RMs.
1. Past due principles or interest payments, past due trade bills.
2. Breach of covenants.
3. Loan terms and conditions that are not complied with, financial statements those
are not on a regular basis.
4. Documentation deficiencies.

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5. Any covenant breach or exception to be referred to HOC and RMs for timely
follow up.
6. Expired Credit Lines.

4.32 Branch Monitoring of Credit


 Monitor transactions in accounts to ensure turnover and utilization of limits.
 Thoroughly reviewing all past dues, collateral short fall, covenant breach and other
irregularities, if any.
 Rectify all audit objections and follow their suggestions.
 Periodic client calls and reviewed by branch head.
 Factory visit/stock inspection/and progress of work against work/ implementation
of projects are to be recorded and reviewed.
4.33 Non-Performing Loan (NPL) Accounts Management
Management of all NPLs is assigned to the In-charge of Recovery Unit who will be
responsible for coordinating and administering the action plan or recovery strategy of the
loans. The In-charge will serve as the primary contact person of the loanee after loans are
downgraded or classified as sub-standard. To ensure implementation of appropriate action
plans or recovery strategies the autonomy of RU be maintained.

4.34 Credit Recovery Process


The UBL has a rule to create Credit Recovery Unit at the branch to manage the
deteriorating Loans and Advances classified as Sub-standard, Doubtful, and Bad & Loss.

4.35 Steps of Recovery Process


The Recovery Unit will take normal steps like physical contact with the borrowers and
through letters for adjustment of all classified loans. If any borrower fails to do within a
specified period final notice followed by a legal notice is served. Even if no tangible result
is achieved legal action is to be initiated through the Bank’s Panel lawyers (taking
permission from Head office) under provisions of the existing laws of the
country. Recovery Unit at the branch level may also send proposals for amicable settlement
or rescheduling of the classified Loans and Advances, through the Zonal Office for
approval of Head Office.

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4.36 The Recovery Unit’s primary functions will be to
Determine account action plan or recovery strategy.
 Pursue all options to maximize recovery.
 Ensure making adequate and timely loan loss provision as per Bangladesh Bank’s
norms.
 Regular review of all classified loan accounts.

4.37 Legal Documents

The legal documents that are needed for getting the above mentioned loan are following-
 D.P. Note
 Letter of arrangement
 Letter of installment
 Letter of disbursement
 Personal guarantee of guarantor
 Personal guarantee of Spouses/Parents
 Memorandum of Deposit of Cheque.
 Memorandum of deposit of Title deed
 Deed of mortgage registered with Sub-Register
 Letter of guarantee (i.e.)
 Registered partnership deed (in case of partnership firm) along with letter of
partnership in Banks prescribed format.
 Comprehensive Insurance coverage with Bank mortgage clause.
 Registration of charges with RJSC under relevant section.
 Pledge of Financial obligation where applicable.
 Personal guarantee of the Directors in case of Private Limited Company.
 Personal guarantee of all the partners (in case of partnership concern).
 Letter of lien where applicable.
 Letter of hypothecation of stock.
 Letter of confirmation from the concerned authority that no transfer of
ownership will be allowed without prior written consent of the Bank
 Letter of Pledge.

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 Letter of disclaimer (in case of rented premises)
 Trust Receipt
 Lien Confirmation from issuing branch in case of FDR issued by our bank.
 Lien Confirmation from issuing authority duly authenticated by the Head office
of the issuing bank in case of FDR issued by other banks.
 List of the latest Directors of the company (From XII)

4.38 Loan classification


Loan classification is a process by which the risk or loss ;potential associated with the loan
accounts of a bank on a particular date is identified and qualified to measure accurately the
level of reserves to be maintained by the bank to provide for the probable loss on account
those risky loan. Like other banks, all types of loans of UBLBL fall into following four
scales:
Unclassified:
Repayment is irregular.
Substandard:
Repayment is stopped or irregular but has reasonable prospect of improvement.
Doubtful debt:
Unlikely to be repaid but special collection efforts may results in partial recovery.
Bad /loss:
Very little chance to recover.

4.39 Interest Rate of UBL


Interest rate in Loan and
Advance: Interest rate
Types of advances
Secured Overdraft (SOD) FDR+2%
Loan (General) 16.50% (Mid)
House Building Loan (Staff) 13.50% (Mid)
House Building Loan (General) 13.50% (Mid)
Transport Loan (Staff) 14.50% (Mid)
Transport Loan (General) 16.50% (Mid)
Industrial Credit 13.50% (Mid)

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Loan against Trust Receipt (LTR) 9.50% (Mid)
Source: Uttara Bank Limited, Amin Bazar
Table10: Interest Rate of Uttara Bank Limited

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PART -05

ACTUAL TASK PART

5.1: Primary Learning


Amin Bazar Branch is one of the established branches of Uttara Bank Limited. It has built
up a very good customer base and performing really well. Intern got the opportunity to
work as an in the Amin Bazar Branch. Intern got some information and knowledge about
UBL and better idea of credit Management System. After completion of theoretical part,
intern went to Amin Bazar Branch for learning the practical banking knowledge. An intern
task was mostly related to general banking. Intern got to learn a lot of things about branch
banking during this time. Intern got familiar with the work environment, intern got to know
how all the branches are centralized and about the process flow.

5.1.1: Organizational Culture

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It was very interesting working at Uttara Bank. The people there are really nice and talented.
The things that should be noticed and observed:
 How to give better customer service and good behave
 All of activities are important and how to any difficult work solve easily.
 Work is never left pending for the next day unless it is absolutely necessary
 The work process could be made faster with better computers and operating
systems.
 A good job performance is rarely praised, hence lacking motivation of the
employees.
 Punctuality and regularity is very important
 How to give better customer service, official dress up and so on

5.1.2: Behave with Client’s

Today's world is so challenging. Customer has more power due to wide range of
switching option. Little feel nervous in first few days to communicate with customer. But in
later, enjoying service the customer.

5 . 1 . 3 : Behave with Client’s in a Challenging Situation


Perhaps the most sophisticated common view of customer behavior that understands
customers is completing tasks in the process of accomplishing a larger goal. Business this
means dealing with difficult customers every now and again. Often, this is due to things
employee and intern cannot avoid, this time they true understanding their problem that
attempt to describe the customer. Flowing some point is:

 Let customers communicate how they feel. 


 Listen to the customers and their viewpoint of the problem.
 Fix the problem and try to solve immediately
5.1.4: Time Management
Time management is the great virtue for each & every person. As a private university
student known punctuality b ut in the professional life like bank, each & every employee
and intern reach in the office not more than 9.30 am and go out from office not less than 6
pm due to heavy working pressure. So, all of employer and intern should be also
maintained office time. They do their daily task in daily basis and intern helped them to

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 51 | P a g e


make their task easier.

5.2 Secondary Learning


5.2.1 Internship Experience

I have completed my internship program in Uttara Bank Limited. I was placed in Amin Bazar
Branch. I joined my internship on Sep 19, 2015. During my internship period I did not get
any specific organization position that whyI got a chance to do work many desk of the
Branch. Therefore I got a lots of experience. I tried to participate directly or indirectly in the
daily operational activities of this branch.

5.2.2 Job Responsibility

The Uttara bank Limited, branches are three different divisions. Those are General Banking,
Foreign Exchange and credit division. For the beginning of the internship, the manager of the
branch told me about my working area. That was customer service department of general
banking division.

5.2.3 Customer Service Department of GB Division

The customer service department is the head of general banking division. It was also a very
important site of our branch. That why I had lot of duties in this department I was trying to
my best effort to do my duties. My duties of this department are:

 Account Opening Section


 Cash & Clearing Department
 Deposit and cash department
 Bill Department
 Remittance Desk
 Foreign exchange department:
5.2.4 Learning outcome

Working at Uttara Bank Limited was a great experience for me. From there I learn many
things throughout my internship periods. I think it will help me to do work in the banking
sector in my future. Basically, it’s a program by which a student can learn and know about
the real fact and scenario of a counties economy sector. As well as I also get this idea from
this program. I can easily understand the function of a bank how it is operating and financing

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 52 | P a g e


their work. When I join their branch and they are introducing me with their officers and my
supervisors show me, perception of all overall activities of general banking. That is reason I
worked in first general banking department. They are following:

5.2.5 Account Opening Section : (Date- 19-9-2015 to 30-9-2015 )

There I have learned how to work with-

 Completed Account opening form (AOF)


 Photo attested by the introducer
 Valid photo ID
 Photo of nominee attested by the account holder
 Know Your Customer form (KYC)
 Proof of income (in case of wage account)
 TIN certificate (if available)
 Deposit slip
 Personal Information form (PIF)
 Transaction Profile
 Trade License
 Account Holder’s & Nominee’s NID, Passport or Birth Certificate.

Figure10: Working Account Opening Section

5.2.6 Deposit and cash department :( Date 01-10-2015 to 7-10-2015)

There I have learned how to work with-

 Chaque payment,

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 53 | P a g e


 Cash collections,
 Cheque entry
 Different types of deposit entry

5.2.7 Bill Department: (Date 08-10-2015 to 11-10-2015)

There I have learned how to work with-

 Bills payment and bills receive and


 Pay slip

5.2.8 Loan and Advance (Date 12-10-2015 to 7-12-2015)

This is the most important department of the branch. Clients basically come to this
department who wants to take loans for the business purpose and personal financial
requirements. Under the short term loan customer comes here to get loan for housing
purpose, small business purpose. My task was to check the clients, all the documents that are
necessary to get loan that are ok or not. Besides that for taking loan it is necessary to have an
account in the Uttara bank limited .So, my task was those who do not have an accounts to
complete all them procedures to open an account for that client, to fill the loan requisite form
and give the stamp on the requisite from. Here I work with Four brilliant peoples, those are
very friendly. Here we have learned about

 The procedure of loan sanction.


 The procedures of CIB Report send to the Bangladesh Bank.
 Business loan holder’s monthly product storage.
 Monthly loan installments put in the bank software and send to the principal branch.

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 54 | P a g e


Figure 12: Working in Credit Management Department

5.2.9 Software: Uttara Bank use the more preferable, new, accruable software .The software
name is Bank Ultimus. There I have learned how to work with Bank Ultimus software-

 Account Opening
 Signature Verification
 Account Balance
 Foreign Remittance
 cheque Issue

Figure 13: In front of the Organization

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PART -06

RESEARCH PART

6.1 Problem Statement


The topic of my report is” Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited.” Based on the
topic I have Point out the reasons of customer dissatisfaction about credit department and find
out the solution of this problem. Some Customers of Uttara Bank credit department have
complain about interest of loan, loan processing time, charges of loan processing,
documentation of loan, speed of processing, repayment system, loan disbursement system,
collateral of different loan, ability of information, overdue charge, duration of repayment
system. So the research topic is present position of Credit Management System.

6.2 Project TimeLine

I have taken 65 days to prepare my report. The activities done within the time line given
below:

Activities Days
Questionnaire 11 days
Collect Survey Data 16 days
Hypothesis Formulation and Data Analysis 19 days
Report Development 14 days

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 56 | P a g e


Presentation 5 days
Total Duration 65 days
Table 11: Project Duration of report

6.3 Cost & Budgeting

SN Description Amount
1 Transportation Cost (66 Days * 70 BDT) 46200 BDT
2 Cell Communication Cost 300.00 BDT
3 Internet Bill 900.00 BDT
4 Printing and Binding Cost 800.00 BDT
6 Refreshment Cost 1,000.00 BDT
7 Others Expenditure 500.00 BDT
Total =8120.00 BDT

Table12: Budget of the Project.

6.4 Research Methodology

The data of this study has been collected through questionnaire and interview based on the
clients of Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Ltd.Amin Bazar, Savar Dhaka. For the
secondary sources, information has been collected from different journals, articles, research,
publications of Uttara Bank Ltd. and internet.

6.5 Population Size

For conducting this study personnel were randomly selected from the total personnel. In the
data analysis I have utilized liker scale, which is consisted of strongly disagree, disagree,
neither agree nor disagree, agree and strongly agree. Z test is followed in the analysis.
Because we know that if there are being more than 30 of sample size, Z test is accepted. For
this research sample size of 40 respondents has been taken from the people who take loan
from Uttara bank Ltd. Although in data analysis there are have more than 30 that means 40 of
sample size, Z test is utilized. The respondents from these are general Customers, corporate
people, businessman, general people etc.

6.6 Sample Frame

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 57 | P a g e


Basically a sampling frame is a representation of the elements of the target population
which consists of a list or set of directions for underlying the target population. Therefore the
sampling frame for the internship report on “Credit Management System of Uttara bank
limited” will be the documents of the user collected from different place. For this report the
information has been taken from different centers. So customer is the target population in our
report.

6.6.1 Sampling Procedure:

To accurately determine the probability, probability sampling is selected and it is


systematic sample random sampling because each member of a population has an equal
chance of being included the sample.

6.6.2 Research Instruments:

Data collection instrument are the questionnaire with mostly close-ended as well open-ended
questions.

6.6.3 Contact Method:

For this report non-probability sampling has been taken as the probability of Subscribers
in different areas being chosen is unknown.
6.7 Data Source:
6.7.1 Sources and collection of data

The data of this study were collected through questionnaire interview conducted in Uttara
Bank Limited-Amin Bazar, Savar, Dhaka. For the secondary sources different articles,
research publications, and internet has also been reviewed. Both primary & secondary
information used for this study.

6.7.2 Primary data

I have collected the primary data from the clients of Uttara Bank Limited through a
structured questionnaire.

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 58 | P a g e


6.7.2 Secondary Data

The required secondary data have been collected from

 Different reports and journals relevant to the banking industry.


 Articles.
 Other published documents of Bangladesh Bank.
 Internet.
 Relevant Uttara Bank papers and published documents have been reviewed.

6.8 Analysis of Data

After collecting all the data I had analyzed all the data individually. For analysis of
data Microsoft Office has been used. Computerized data processing technique is used
for the amount of data being huge in amount. In addition, computer program for
graphics or mapping, hypothesis testing analyzing of variance, the mean, median, the
mode standard deviation, and confidence interval etc. statistics tools Ire required for
data analyzing. I have presented the data through graph, chart, table etc. Based on my
analysis I have made findings, recommendation and conclusion.

6.9 Research Limitations

To prepare this report I face some limitation. Following limitations were present:

8. Some information was withheld to retain the confidentiality of the bank.


9. Non-availability of some preceding and latest data.
10. Data from Uttara Bank is highly confidential for the outside people and we had no
authority to use the core banking software.
11. I also faced time limitations because 3 month was not enough to prepare this report.
12. The respondents were not egger to reply accordingly.
13. Although I have obtained wholehearted co-operation from employees and customers
of Uttara bank, Amin Bazar Branch but they could not manage enough time to deal
with my report.

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 59 | P a g e


14. Due to lack of previous job experience there might have some shortage of proper
information but through maximum efforts I tried to avoid any short of mistakes.

6.10 Sample technique

I have used Liker scale to get the response from employee .I would like to know whether
respondents’ are:

 Strongly Disagree (1)


 Disagree (2)
 Neither Agree Nor Disagree (3)
 Agree (4)
 Strongly Agree (5)

6.11 Analysis

6.12. Hypothesis Developing

For fulfilling the objectives some related hypothesis have been developed for this study:

H1: Customers are satisfied on Uttara Bank credit management policy.

H2: UBL has a good satisfactory interest rate on loan.

H3: Credit management team of Uttara Bank, monitor the customer very carefully.

H4: Employees of Uttara Bank are provide fast and efficient credit service than other
bank.

H5: Customer are eassily understand credit Policy of Uttara Bank.

6.13 Hypothesis Testing

H1 H2 H3 H4 H5

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1.Strongly 3 2 2 7 5
Disagree
2. Disagree. 5 6 2 8 3
3.Neither Agree 3 2 1 2 2
nor Disagree
4. Agree. 17 13 14 8 13
5. Strongly 12 17 21 15 17
Agree
Total 150 157 170 140 154

(X) 3.75 3.39 4.25 3.33 3.85


Average
Standard 1.21 1.23 1.06 1.5 1.37
Deviation (σ)
Z-Test 6.48 7.31 10.37 3.47 6.23
Table 13: Summary of the Respondents towards hypothesis

Hypothesis No. 01

H0: Customers are not satisfied on Uttara Bank credit management policy.

HA: Customers are satisfied on Uttara Bank credit management policy.

HO: μ = 2.5

HA: μ > 2.5

n = 40

Here X́ = 3.75

σ = 1.121

Z cal= ( X́ – μ)/ (σ/√n) = 6.48

At 5% level of significance, the value of Z-Distribution table is: Z0.05 = 1.645

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 61 | P a g e


Since Z >Z
cal tab , the null hypothesis is not acceptable. So at 5% level of significance, it
can be said that the speed of processing credit management policy is very high at Uttara
Bank.

30% 8% 13%
Strongly disagree
Disagree
8% Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree

43%

Figure
13:
Respondents’ view towards that Customers are satisfied on Uttara Bank credit management policy.

Hypothesis No. 02

Ho: UBL has not a good satisfactory interest rate on loan.

HA: UBL has a good satisfactory interest rate on loan.

HO: μ = 2.5

HA: μ >2.5

n = 40

Here X́ = 3.93

σ = 1.23

Z cal= ( X́ – μ)/ (σ/√n) = 7.31

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At 5% level of significance, the value of Z-Distribution table is: Z0.05 = 1.645

Since Z >Z
cal tab , the null hypothesis is not acceptable. So at 5% level of significance, it
can be said that the service charge of Uttara Bank’s is very comfortable to meet customer
expectation.

5% 15%

43%
5%
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
33%

Figure 14: Respondents’ view towards the UBL has a good satisfactory interest rate on loan.

Hypothesis No. 03

HO: Credit management team of Uttara Bank, notmonitor the customer very carefully.

0HA: Credit management team of Uttara Bank, monitor the customer very carefully.

HO: μ = 2.5

HA: μ > 2.5

n = 40

Here X́ = 4.25

σ = 1.06

Z cal= ( X́ – μ)/ (σ/√n) = 10.37

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 63 | P a g e


At 5% level of significance, the value of Z-Distribution table is: Z0.05 = 1.645

Since Z cal>Z tab , the null hypothesis is not acceptable. So at 5% level of significance, it
can be said that Credit management team of Uttara Bank, monitor the customer very
carefully.

5%
5% 3%

Strongly disagree
Disagree
53% Neither agree nor disagree
35% Agree
Strongly agree

Figure 15: Respondents’ view towards that Credit management team of Uttara Bank, monitor the customer very
carefully.

Hypothesis No. 04

HO: Employees of Uttara Bank are not provided fast and efficient credit service than other
bank.

HA: Employees of Uttara Bank are provided fast and efficient credit service than other bank.

HO: μ = 2.5

HA: μ > 2.5

n = 40

Here X́ = 3.33

σ = 1.55

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Z cal= (X – μ)/ (σ/√n) = 3.47

At 5% level of significance, the value of Z-Distribution table is: Z0.05 = 1.645

Since Z cal >Z tab , the null hypothesis is not acceptable. So at 5% level of significance, it can be
said that UBL employees are provided fast and efficient credit service than other bank.

18%
38%
Strongly disagree
Disagree
20% Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
Strongly agree
20%
5%

Figure 16: Respondents’ view towards that UBL employees are provided fast and efficient credit service
than other bank.

Hypothesis No. 05

HO: Customer are not easily understand Uttara Bank credit Policy.

HA: Customer are easily understand Uttara Bank credit Policy.

HO: μ = 2.5

HA: μ > 2.5

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 65 | P a g e


n = 40

Here X́ = 3.85

σ = 1.37

Z cal= ( X́ – μ)/ (σ/√n) = 6.23

At 5% level of significance, the value of Z-Distribution table is: Z0.05 = 1.645

Since Z cal>Z tab, the null hypothesis is not acceptable. So at 5% level of significance, it can
be said that customer are easily understand Uttara Bank credit Policy.

13% 8%
43%
5%
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Neither agree nor disagree
Agree
33% Strongly agree

Fi
gure 17: Respondents ‘view towards that customer is easily understand Uttara Bank credit

6.14 Findings

Findings according to the respondents’ opinion toward hypothesis:


1. At 17% of respondents are agree and 12% of respondents are strongly agreed that
customers are satisfied on Uttara Bank credit management policy.
2. At 23% of respondents are agree and 17% of respondents are strongly agreed that
UBL has a good satisfactory interest rate on loan.

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 66 | P a g e


3. At 14% of respondents are agree; 21% of respondents are strongly agreed that credit
management team of Uttara Bank, monitor the customer very carefully.
4. At 8% of respondents are agree and 15% of respondents are strongly agreed that
Employees of Uttara Bank are provide fast and efficient credit service than other
bank.
5. At 13% of respondents are agree and 17% of respondents are strongly that Customer
are easily understand credit Policy of Uttara Bank.

6.15 Recommendations

Banking is a service –oriented marketing, the business profit depends on its service quality.
That is why the authority always should be aware about their service.

H1: Customers are satisfied on Uttara Bank credit management policy but they need to be
made-up more efficient policy than other bank.

H2: UBL has a good satisfactory interest rate on loan, but it could be flexible and lower than
other bank for attracting more customers.

H3: Credit management team of Uttara Bank, monitor the customer very carefully, they need
to be more carefully in term of providing loan.

H4: Employees of Uttara Bank are provide fast and efficient credit service than other bank,
they need to be used more technology for increasing working process.

H5: Customer are easily understand credit Policy of Uttara Bank, they need to advertise in the
media for more customer.

Other Recommendations

 Documentation about loans should maintain properly.

 The lenders shall sanction and disburse loan to the borrowers in proper time of
investment.

6.16 Conclusion

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Uttara Bank Limited is a leading commercial bank in our country for its goodwill, large
number of branch, interactive corporate culture and team work among employees. The
Amin Bazar Savar Branch of UBL offers various types of loans and advances to
customers according to banking rules and regulations of our country. The main source of
income of the Bank is its credit sanctioned to various parties. The focus the bank lies on
its large clientele base and their expectation from the bank. The performance of the
Branch is satisfactory but not enough to be a top banking company. From the Branch
position as on recent year ended, it can say that more emphasize is given to finance for the
trade and commerce sector but consumer loan, corporate (large) enterprise financing is not
prioritized by the Bank. Skilled manpower and professionalism of employees are
necessary for the Bank to provide better services, increase customers and retain them.
Introduction of credit card facility, online banking, credit sales and marketing may bring
positive result and increase profit of the Bank, which may help the Bank to hold a top
position in banking sector. Moreover, proper monitoring, supervision and recovery
activities can reduce loan loss and increase credit realization for the bank.UBL has
opportunity to proliferate product line to enhance its sustainable competitive advantage
and ensure earning more profit. Business innovation and improvement and removal of
present problems may strong the Bank’s position in banking sector and thus the Bank will
be able to reach its ultimate goal.

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 68 | P a g e


PART-07

APPENDIX PART

Bibliography

7.1 Books:

 Bullivant G., (2010), “Credit Management”,16th ed. Pearson.

 Bass R., (1998), “how to manage credit effectively and a real contribution to profits”,
3rded. Stanley Thornes

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 69 | P a g e


 Zikmund G.,(2014) “Business Research Methods”, 18thed, Pearson
 Gibson P.,(2013)”Credit Risk Management”, 11th ed, Amazon.

7.2 Websites:

 Annual rerort of Uttara Bank Limited 2014


 History of UBL (2015) Website :https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttara_Bank
26/10/2015
 Brac University report (2015) “Credit Management” website:
www.assignmentpoint.com 21/11/2015
 Dhaka University Report, (2014) “credit Management system” website:
www.assignmentpoint.com 21/11/2015
 “Credit Analysis”, (2014) Website: creditanalyasis 11/11/2015
 “Rules of Credit”(2014) website: www.bb.org.bd 30/9/2015
 “Credit Risk Management”(2014): website: wafaa-sherif.com 19/10/2015
 “Principles for the Management of Credit Risk” (2015) website: www.bis.org
10/11/2015
 “Credit Risk Management” (2015) website: www.garp.org 25/11/2015

7.3 Abbreviation

BB -Bangladesh Bank PBT - Profit before Tax


BDT- Bangladesh Taka UBL- Uttara Bank Limited
DOE- Department of Environment DD- Demand Draft
ECA -Environmental Conservation Act HRD- Human Resource Department
ECR- Environmental Conservation Rules GB- General Banking

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EDD- Environmental Risk Due Diligence Po-Payment Order
ETP- Effluent Treatment Plan CIB- Credit Information Bureau
IFC -International Finance Corporation FD- Fixed Deposit
MOEF- Ministry of Environment &Forests STD-Short Term Deposit
NA -Not Applicable L.C-Letter of Credit
NPL -Non Performing Loans EMI- Equal Monthly Installment
SEDF- South Asia Enterprise Development CEF-Corporate Enterprise Financing
Facility UBL-Uttara Bank Limited
SME -Small and Medium Enterprise
ACH - Automated Clearing Houses
ADB - Asian Development Bank
EC - Exchange Control
GDP - Gross Domestic Product
PAT - Profit after Tax

7.4 Balance Sheet

Particulars 2014 2013 2012


Authorized Capital 6,000.0 6,000.0 6,000.0
Paid-up Capital 4,000.8 3,637.1 3,306.4
Reserve fund 8,179.1 7,042.3 6,490.5
Shareholders’ Equity 12,179.9 10,679.4 9,796.9
Cash 2,371.0 2,685.9 2,055.2

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 71 | P a g e


Deposits 114,158.7 111,300.1 93,658.6
Loans and advance 74,198.9 64,829.8 61,328.6
Investments 42,787.9 45,749.5 41,998.2
Fixed Assets 3,352.0 3,204.3 2,843.4
Total Assets 140,810.3 132,385.5 123,790.6
7.5 Income Statement

Particulars 2014 2013 2012


Gross Profit 16080 15,245.1 13,674.3

Gross Expenditure 11,368.3 12,109.7 10,412.9


Net profit/loss 1,389.4 1,310.4 1,236.4
Source: Annual report of UBL 2014

Table 15: Performance of UBL for Last three years

7.6 Questionnaire

Dear Respondent,
I am Md. Altab Hossain ID# 12102307, Student of BBA program at IUBAT: International
University of Business Agriculture and Technology.With due respect, please feel free to
answer the survey question. For your information the purpose of this study is complete
academic. I just expect your honest opinion.
1. Customers are satisfied on Uttara Bank credit management policy.
a) Strongly disagree b) Disagree c) Neither agree nor disagree d) Agree e) Strongly
agree

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 72 | P a g e


2. UBL has a good satisfactory interest rate on loan.
a) Strongly disagree b) Disagree c) Neither agree nor disagree d) Agree e) Strongly
agree

3. Credit management team of Uttara Bank, monitor the customer very carefully.

a) Strongly disagree b) Disagree c) Neither agree nor disagree d) Agree e) Strongly


agree

4. Employees of Uttara Bank are provide fast and efficient credit service than other

a) Strongly disagree b) Disagree c) Neither agree nor disagree d) Agree e) Strongly


agree

5. Customers are easily understands credit Policy of Uttara Bank.

a) Strongly disagree b) Disagree c) Neither agree nor disagree d) Agree e) Strongly


agree

Do you have any recommendation?

Thank you

Credit Management System of Uttara Bank Limited. 73 | P a g e

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