II.

Review Of Related Literature And Studies

Concepts, methods and findings are revealed in the surveys of literature and studies in

the present study. There are different ideas from different sources. The results gathered from

these readings proved that lack of self-esteem affects the student’s performances. Low self-

esteem is characterized by lack of confidence and feeling badly about oneself. People with low

self-esteem often feeling unlovable, awkward, or incompetent. According to researches Morris

Rosenberg and Timothy J. Owens, who wrote low self-esteem people: a collective portrait,

people with low self-esteem tend to be hypersensitive. They have a fragile sense of self that can

easily be wounded by others. Furthermore, people with low self-esteem are “hypervigilant and

hyperalert to signs of rejection, inadequancy, and rebuff”. “The danger always lurks that they

will do a mistake, used poor judgement, do something embarrassing, expose themselves to

ridicule, behave immortality or contemptibly. Life, in all its all variety, poses on ongoing threat

to the self-esteem. It proves that having low self-esteem affects the studies of students. It

pressures them and having second thought in giving their opinion and showing their

performances. “ There is a thin line between confidence, and arrogance. Sadly those people who

have no confidence often confused the two when confronted with the person who posseses belief

in themselves” (Sai Marie Johnson, 2013).

Self-esteem is a similar concept to self-worth but with a small (although important)

difference: Self-esteem is what we think, feel and believe about ourselves, while self worth is the

moral global recognition that we are valuable human beings worthy of love (Hibbert, 2013).

Students nowadays, are lack of self-esteem. They tend to be inactive due to their anxiety. Some

of the students feel shy to cooperate and show their talents in front because they think they will

be rejected and embarrassed. They are afraid to expose themselves because they think that they
can’t do anything and they can’t do what others do. Judgemental society is the main reason why

people lose there confidence. People tend to hide what they feel and and what is on their mind.

According to Psychology Press (2010), the field of self esteem consists of a body of work

that focuses on researching this phenomenon by using an extremely wide range of qualitative and

quantitative methods, theorizing about what is found, and using that information to help at the

practical level. Accordingly, a good place to start when asking specific questions is by defining

how terms are being used and why they were selected, because operational definitions allow

readers to follow and evaluate arguments clearly. It could be argued that this issue is so

foundational that it should be necessary to begin by defining what one means by words “self-

esteem” whenever this subject is discussed. “People have no confidence that Washington, both

sides of aisle, are coming together to try and do what’s right for the economy” (Michael

Bloomberg, 2012).