08-08-2020

08-AUGUST-2020

The Hindu News Analysis – 08th August 2020 – Shankar IAS Academy
Page Number*
S.
News Articles
No.
C B D H T

1 The return of the Maoists (Ground Zero) 9 7 7 7 9

2 India registers highest daily cases currently 1 1 1 1 1

3 Wind energy generation picks up in Tamil Nadu 4 - - - -

4
Natural disasters plague Kerala again, as torrential rain wreaks 1,
1, 8 1, 8 1, 8
1,
10 10
havoc in both high ranges and the coast
5 TJ coverage: SC to wait for NBA, PCI responses 12 10 10 10 12

6 Prelims Practice Question(s) @ end of the video

*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram

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Part A—Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
 Current events of national and international importance.
 Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political
System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
 Economic and Social Development-Sustainable
Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social
Sector Initiatives, etc
Part B—Main Examination
PAPER-III
General Studies- II: Governance, Constitution, Polity,
Social Justice and International relations
• Government policies and interventions for development in
various sectors and issues arising out of their design and
implementation.
PAPER-IV
General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development,
Pg: 9 – C, T; Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Pg: 7 – B, D, Management
H; • Linkages between development and spread of extremism.

Left Wing Extremism in India

• The Communist political movement, first emerged

in India in 1920. The proponents wish and
work to achieve a classless society. • Naxalite movement

 There are disagreements about the  Naxal uprising - a peasant uprising that

appropriate political strategy for achieving took place in the Naxalbari police station
the goal. area of Darjeeling hills district in West

 There are election-contesting political Bengal.

parties like Communist Party of India,  Under the leadership of the local cadres of
Communist Party of India (Marxist) and the Communist Party of India (Marxist).
there are underground armed rebels like
CPI (Maoist), Maoist Communist Centre,  The peasant movement started from the

CPI (Marxist - Leninist) – People’s War police station and spread to several
Group. states of India.

• Radicalism, violence and armed rebellion in

their strategy – LWE.

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• Naxalite movement (continued)

 In 1969, some members involved in this  Used force to snatch land from the rich
movement broke from CPI (Marxist) and landowners to give it to the poor and the
landless.
launched Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist)
under Charu Majumdar - opposed democracy  Advocated the use of violent means to
and decided to adopt a strategy of achieve their political goals.

protracted guerrilla warfare to lead to a  Mostly remained confined to West Bengal

revolution. and Andhra Pradesh, between 1967 to 1972
- described as first phase of Naxalite
 October 1969 - Maoist Communist Centre
violence.
which was launched - indulged in squad
 After this phase, Naxalism almost
activities mainly in forest and mountainous
remained subdued till 1991 - repeatedly
regions of West Bengal and it spread its
fragmented on ideological grounds,
influence to present day Bihar, Jharkhand strategies and personality clashes.
and Chhattisgarh.

 In 1980, CPI (Marxist - Leninist) People ’s

War group was formed.

 Decided to persist in armed struggle and  The period of subdued activity was followed
during 1980-85, the party formed armed by a second phase of Naxalite violence.
squads called as Dalams.  Second phase - Maoist violence - origin of
 It spread its area of operation to Maoist violence can be traced to two
other States. factions of Naxalites.

 Indulged in attacks on the police, 1. People’s War Group (PWG) of Andhra

kidnapping, extortions, killing of civilians Pradesh and

and political leaders. 2. Maoist Communist Centre (MCC) of Bihar.

 By 1992, the Naxalite movement splintered
into various parties and organisations.

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• Currently, 90 districts in 11 States are

• Mao’s protracted war strategy
considered as affected by LWE in India
 Has three phases. (February 2019)

1. In the first phase, a small

revolutionary force starts operating
in a remote area with mountainous
and difficult terrain.

2. In the second stage, the force was

supposed to establish other
revolutionary bases and spread its
influence in the surrounding regions.

3. In the third stage, the movement

encircles and capture urban areas,
and gradually will cover the entire
country.
Source: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1562724

• Measures of Government of India

 To holistically address the LWE problem in

an effective manner, Government has
formulated National Policy and Action Plan,
a multi-pronged strategy in the areas of
security, development, ensuring rights &
entitlement of local communities.

 Security Related Expenditure Scheme and

Scheme of Fortified Police stations.

 Special Central Assistance to fill the critical

gaps in Public infrastructure and Services.

 Media plan to counter the false propaganda

of LWE groups against the security forces
and the democratic setup.

 Skill development programmes in LWE

districts.

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Pg: 1 – C, B, D, H, T;

Part A—Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
 Current events of national and international importance.
 General Science
Part B—Main Examination
PAPER-III
General Studies- II: Governance, Constitution, Polity,
Social Justice and International relations
• Issues relating to development and management of Social
Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human
Resources.

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• News: On 8th August, the confirmed Covid19

cases and deaths in India have crossed 60000 • Novel coronavirus is a new strain of
and 900 respectively. coronavirus that has not been previously
 Total number of cases have now gone up to identified in humans.
20,86,123 and the death toll is now 42,577; • Coronaviruses are zoonotic viruses-
Recovery rate in India is 68.22%. transmitted between animals and people.
Coronavirus  SARS coronavirus is thought to be spread

• Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses. from bats to civet cats and first infected
humans in China in 2002.
• Known to cause illness which range from the
common cold to severe diseases such as Middle  MERS coronavirus was passed on from

East Respiratory Syndrome/MERS and Severe Arabian camels to humans in Saudi Arabia

Acute Respiratory Syndrome/SARS. in 2012.

• New virus is severe acute respiratory syndrome  Source of novel coronavirus is still disputed.

coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

• Human-to-human transmission of Covid19 is

possible.
• Signs and Symptoms
• Novel coronavirus could be transmitted in its
 Common signs are respiratory symptoms, incubation period also.

fever, cough, shortness of breath and  Incubation period is the interval between
breathing difficulties. initial contact with an infectious agent like
a virus and appearance of the first sign or
 In severe cases, the viral infection can
symptom of disease.
cause pneumonia, kidney failure and death.
 Incubation period for novel coronavirus
range from 1 day to 12.5 days- could go
upto 14 days.

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• Treatment

 For most viral infections, treatments

can only help with symptoms while we have
to wait for our immune system to fight off
the virus.

 Vaccines can help prevent us from getting

many viral diseases.

 As of now, there is no specific treatment

for disease caused by a novel coronavirus-
vaccine is under development.

 Prevention is the best strategy- regular

hand washing, using face masks, keeping
physical distance etc.

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Part A—Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
 Current events of national and international importance.
 Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political
System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
 Economic and Social Development-Sustainable
Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social
Sector Initiatives, etc
 General Science.
Part B—Main Examination
PAPER-IV
General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development,
Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster
Management
• Indian Economy and issues relating to planning,
mobilization, of resources, growth, development and
employment.
• Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
• Science and Technology- developments and their
Pg: 4 – C; applications and effects in everyday life.

Renewable Energy sources

• Major types
• Sources that are continuously replenished by
 Solar energy
natural processes.
 Wind energy
• Renewable energy system converts the energy
found in sunlight, wind, falling-water, sea-  Bio energy
waves, geothermal heat, or biomass, into a
 Hydro energy
form such as heat or electricity.
 Geothermal energy
• Can never be exhausted.
 Wave and tidal energy.
• Also called as non-conventional energy.

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• Utilised through two different routes

 Solar thermal route - uses the sun's heat

to produce hot water or air, cook food,
Solar energy
drying materials etc.
• Most readily available and free source of
energy since prehistoric times.  Solar electric route (solar photovoltaic
route) - uses sun's heat to produce
• It is estimated that solar energy equivalent electricity for lighting home and building,
to over 15,000 times of the world's annual for running motors, electric appliances etc.
commercial energy consumption actually reaches
the earth every year. • Recently, India achieved 5 th global position in
solar power deployment by surpassing Italy.
• India receives solar energy of 5 to 7 kWh/m2
for 300 to 330 days in a year.  Solar power capacity has increased by
more than 11 times in the last five years
from 2.6 GW in March, 2014 to 30GW in
July, 2019.

• Recent assessment - gross wind power potential

Wind energy
of 302 GW in India at 100 meter above ground
• Harnessing of wind power to produce electricity level.
- kinetic energy of the wind is converted to
• 95% of commercially exploitable wind resources
electrical energy.
concentrated in A.P., Gujarat, Karnataka, M.P.,
• Wind power has been used for centuries - Maharashtra, Rajasthan and T.N.
currently harnessed to generate electricity in a
• News:
larger scale with better technology.
 Tamil Nadu - wind energy generation has
• Basic wind energy conversion device - wind
increased and is expected to further
turbine.
increase due to the peak windy days.
• Wind energy system requires an average annual
 March 2019 - installed wind energy capacity
wind speed of at least 15 km/h.
of T.N. 8968 MW.

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Bio-energy

Biomass

• Derived from the carbonaceous waste of various human and

natural activities.

• Biomass materials used for power generation - bagasse, rice

husk, straw, cotton stalk, coconut shells, soya husk, de-oiled
cakes, coffee waste, jute wastes, groundnut shells, saw dust
etc.

• Biomass can be burned directly or converted to liquid biofuels

or biogas.

• About 32% of the total primary energy use - derived from

biomass.

• Biomass availability from agricultural and forestry residues

correspond to a potential of about 18,000 MW.

 about 7000 MW additional power could be generated in the Source: https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/biomass/

country’s Sugar mills through bagasse based cogeneration.

• Total installed capacity in Biomass Power and

bagasse cogeneration sector - 9806 MW.

Leading States Total installed capacity for Renewables

(as on March 2020)
Bagasse cogeneration Biomass power
projects projects Wind power 38 GW

• Maharashtra • Chhattisgarh Solar Power 35 GW

• Karnataka • Madhya Pradesh
Bio Power 10 GW
• Uttar Pradesh • Gujarat
• Tamil Nadu • Rajasthan Small Hydro Power 5 GW

• Andhra Pradesh • Tamil Nadu Total 87+ GW

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Pgs: 1, 10 – C, T; Pgs: 1, 8 – B, H, T;

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements regarding the
National Disaster Response Force (NDRF): • News: The ongoing floods and landslides in
1. It was established under the Disaster Kerala have killed at least 18 people in a tea
Management Act, 2005 to respond to estate in Idukki district.
natural as well as man-made disasters and
during chemical, biological, radiological and • Recurring floods and associated losses show
nuclear (CBRN) emergencies. the relevance of recommendations made by
2. It is headed by the Prime Minister of India. Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel (WGEEP)
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly or the Gadgil Commission.
matched?
 Report was submitted to Union Environment
a) 1 only Ministry in 2011.
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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National Disaster Response Force (NDRF)

• India witnessed some of its most severe natural

calamities in the beginning of 21st century. • In 2006, NDRF was formed with 8
 Orissa Super cyclone in 1999, Gujarat earthquake Battalions- 12 battalions now.
in 2001 and the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004.
 The battalions consist of three each from
• Need for a comprehensive disaster management plan the BSF and CRPF and two each from
led to the enactment of the Disaster Management CISF, ITBP and SSB.
Act in 2005.
• Each battalion consist of engineers,
• NDRF was established under this Act for a
technicians, electricians, dog squads and
specialist response to natural and man-made
medical/paramedics.
disasters.
 Total strength of each battalion is 1,149.
• NDRF is functioning under the Ministry of Home
Affairs, within the overall command, control and
leadership of the Director General, NDRF.

• All battalions are equipped and trained to

respond natural as well as man-made disasters
and to respond during chemical, biological,
radiological and nuclear (CBRN) emergencies.

• 12 battalions are located at 12 different

locations in the country.

 Based on the vulnerability profile of country

and to cut down the response time for
their deployment at disaster site.

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Important operations carried out by NDRF

• Inland operations:

1. Cyclone Maha, 2019, Cyclone Bulbul and

Cyclone Fani 2019

2. Kerala floods 2018

3. Several borewell rescues, Boat capsize in

Andhra Pradesh in 2018.

4. Building collapse and train accidents.

International operations

Source: http://www.ndrf.gov.in/about-us
1. Tsunami in Japan in 2011

2. Nepal Earthquake in 2015

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements regarding the
National Disaster Response Force (NDRF):
1. It was established under the Disaster
Management Act, 2005 to respond to
natural as well as man-made disasters and
during chemical, biological, radiological and
nuclear (CBRN) emergencies.
2. It is headed by the Prime Minister of India.
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly
matched?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Practice Question – Prelims

Q. With reference to News Broadcasting
Standards Authority (NBSA), consider
the following statements:
1. It is an independent body set up by
Press Council of India (PCI).
2. It administers the Codes of Ethics &
Broadcasting Standards.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Pg: 12 – C, T; 10 – B, D, H;

Press Council of India (PCI)

• First set up in 1966 on the recommendations • Adjudicates complaints against and by the
of First Press Commission, with the object of press for violation of ethics and violation of
preserving the freedom of press and for freedom of press, respectively.
maintaining and improving the standards of
• Twin-fold functions
press in India.
 Preserving the freedom of press
• Present Council functions under the Press
Council Act, 1978.  Maintaining and improving the standards of
press.
• Statutory, quasi-judicial authority functioning
as a watchdog ‘of the press, for the press
and by the press’.

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• Same powers that of a civil court.

• Advisory role - guides the press and authorities

on any matter that may have a bearing on the
freedom of press and its preservation.

• Composition:

 Chairman - sitting or retired judge of SC is

appointed as convention.

 28 other members

 Press

 Houses of Parliament

 Cultural, literary and legal fields -

nominated by Sahitya Academy, University
Grants Commission and Bar Council of
India.

Objectives:
• To promote, aid, help, encourage, develop, protect and secure the
interests of the News Broadcasters in the Indian television Industry
News Broadcasters Association (NBA) and other related entities.
• To promote awareness about the latest developments in the
• Represents the private television news &
television industry relating to News Broadcasting and to disseminate
current affairs broadcasters. knowledge amongst its members and the general public regarding
such developments.
• It is the collective voice of news &
• To provide for the members a place of meeting so as to enable them
current affairs broadcasters in India. to work in consensus to achieve common goals for the overall
betterment of their industry and to have a common platform/forum
• Funded entirely by its members. at which they may air their grievances and arrive at solutions.

• Members: 26 leading news and CA • To promote the growth of friendly relations amongst the members
and amongst persons engaged in the production and broadcasting of
broadcasters. the television software and especially to encourage co-operation
among the members so as to maximize mutual benefits.
• Presents a unified and credible voice
• To protect all its members from persons or entities who carry on
before the Government, on matters that unfair and/or unethical practices or who discredit the television
affect the growing industry. industry.
• No objects of the Company will be carried out without obtaining prior
approval/ NOC from the concerned authority, wherever required.
• None of the main objects shall be carried out on commercial basis.

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News Broadcasting Standards Authority

(NBSA)

• Independent body set up by News

Broadcasters Association. • Has no involvement in the day-to-day operations
of the broadcasters.
• Task - to consider and adjudicate upon
complaints about broadcasts. • Does not monitor programming or
pre-clear/pre-censor programming -
• Administers the Codes of Ethics &
broadcasters have complete creative and
Broadcasting Standards, which has been
editorial independence.
voluntarily drawn by News Broadcasters
Association for its member broadcasters to
demonstrate their commitment to responsible
broadcasting and to self-regulate themselves.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. With reference to News Broadcasting
Standards Authority (NBSA), consider the
following statements:
1. It is an independent body set up by
Press Council of India (PCI).
2. It administers the Codes of Ethics &
Broadcasting Standards.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Practice Question – Prelims

Q1. Consider the following statements regarding
the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF):
1. It was established under the Disaster
Management Act, 2005 to respond to
natural as well as man-made disasters and
during chemical, biological, radiological and
nuclear (CBRN) emergencies.
2. It is headed by the Prime Minister of India.
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly
matched?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Practice Question – Prelims

Q2. With reference to News Broadcasting Standards
Authority (NBSA), consider the following
statements:
1. It is an independent body set up by Press
Council of India (PCI).
2. It administers the Codes of Ethics &
Broadcasting Standards.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Practice Question - Prelims

Q3.Consider the following statements with reference to
Security Related Expenditure (SRE) Scheme in
Left-Wing Extremism affected areas:
1. Under the Scheme, the central Govt. reimburses
Security Related Expenditure of 90 districts
relating to training and operational needs of
security forces to the State Governments of 11
LWE affected States.
2. It also reimburses the states for expenses
incurred as compensation to Left Wing Extremist
cadres who surrendered in accordance with the
surrender and rehabilitation policy of the
concerned State Government.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Practice Question – Prelims

Q4. With respect to Coronavirus, which of the
following statement is not correct?
a) Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
and Ebola virus disease (EVD) are caused by
the Coronavirus.
b) Covid19 is a zoonotic disease.
c) Human to human transmission of
coronavirus is possible.
d) Vaccines are not available for all types of
coronaviruses.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q5. Consider the following statements:
1. In 2019, India was ranked as the fourth
most attractive renewable energy market
in the world.
2. Under Paris Agreement, India has
targeted to achieve 40% cumulative
electric power installed capacity from
fossil fuel based energy resources by
2030.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Practice Question – Prelims

Answers
02-08-2020
Q1. option a
Q2. option b
Q3. option c
Q4. option a
Q5. option a

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