Universal Declaration on Human Rights (a) To ensure that any person whose rights or freedoms as herein recognized
are violated shall have an effective remedy, notwithstanding that the violation
Article 1.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are
endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a
spirit of brotherhood.
Article 2.
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration,
without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion,
political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political,
jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person
belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any
other limitation of sovereignty
Article 4.
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall
be prohibited in all their forms.
Article 7.
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal
protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any
discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such
discrimination.
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Article 2
1. Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to respect and to
ensure to all individuals within its territory and subject to its jurisdiction the
rights recognized in the present Covenant, without distinction of any kind, such
as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or
social origin, property, birth or other status.
2. Where not already provided for by existing legislative or other measures,
each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to take the necessary
steps, in accordance with its constitutional processes and with the provisions of
the present Covenant, to adopt such laws or other measures as may be
necessary to give effect to the rights recognized in the present Covenant.
3. Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes:
has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity;
(b) To ensure that any person claiming such a remedy shall have his right
thereto determined by competent judicial, administrative or legislative
authorities, or by any other competent authority provided for by the legal
system of the State, and to develop the possibilities of judicial remedy;
(c) To ensure that the competent authorities shall enforce such remedies when
granted.
Article 26
All persons are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination
to the equal protection of the law. In this respect, the law shall prohibit any
discrimination and guarantee to all persons equal and effective protection
against discrimination on any ground such as race, colour, sex, language,
religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or
other status.
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
Article 2
1. Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to take steps,
individually and through international assistance and co-operation, especially
economic and technical, to the maximum of its available resources, with a view
to achieving progressively the full realization of the rights recognized in the
present Covenant by all appropriate means, including particularly the adoption
of legislative measures.
2. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to guarantee that the
rights enunciated in the present Covenant will be exercised without
discrimination of any kind as to race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or
other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
3. Developing countries, with due regard to human rights and their national
economy, may determine to what extent they would guarantee the economic
rights recognized in the present Covenant to non-nationals.
Article 3
The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to ensure the equal right
of men and women to the enjoyment of all economic, social and cultural rights
set forth in the present Covenant.
 Convention on the Rights of the Child
Article 2
1. States Parties shall respect and ensure the rights set forth in the present
Convention to each child within their jurisdiction without discrimination of any
kind, irrespective of the child's or his or her parent's or legal guardian's race,
colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or
social origin, property, disability, birth or other status.
2. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the child is
protected against all forms of discrimination or punishment on the basis of the
status, activities, expressed opinions, or beliefs of the child's parents, legal
guardians, or family members.
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Article 5
1. States Parties recognize that all persons are equal before and under the law
and are entitled without any discrimination to the equal protection and equal
benefit of the law.
2. States Parties shall prohibit all discrimination on the basis of disability and
guarantee to persons with disabilities equal and effective legal protection
against discrimination on all grounds.
3. In order to promote equality and eliminate discrimination, States Parties shall
take all appropriate steps to ensure that reasonable accommodation is
provided.
4. Specific measures which are necessary to accelerate or achieve de facto
equality of persons with disabilities shall not be considered discrimination under
the terms of the present Convention.
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against
Women
Article I
For the purposes of the present Convention, the term "discrimination against
women" shall mean any distinction, exclusion or restriction made on the basis
of sex which has the effect or purpose of impairing or nullifying the recognition,
enjoyment or exercise by women, irrespective of their marital status, on a basis
of equality of men and women, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in
the political, economic, social, cultural, civil or any other field.
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
Article 1
1. In this Convention, the term "racial discrimination" shall mean any distinction,
exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, colour, descent, or national
or ethnic origin which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the
recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and
fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other
field of public life.
2. This Convention shall not apply to distinctions, exclusions, restrictions or
preferences made by a State Party to this Convention between citizens and
non-citizens.
3. Nothing in this Convention may be interpreted as affecting in any way the
legal provisions of States Parties concerning nationality, citizenship or
naturalization, provided that such provisions do not discriminate against any
particular nationality.
4. Special measures taken for the sole purpose of securing adequate
advancement of certain racial or ethnic groups or individuals requiring such
protection as may be necessary in order to ensure such groups or individuals
equal enjoyment or exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms shall
not be deemed racial discrimination, provided, however, that such measures do
not, as a consequence, lead to the maintenance of separate rights for different
racial groups and that they shall not be continued after the objectives for which
they were taken have been achieved.
International Labor Organization (ILO) Convention No.111 Concerning
Discrimination in Respect of Employment and Occupation (1958)
Article 1
1. For the purpose of this Convention the term discrimination includes—
a. Any distinction, exclusion or preference made on the basis of
race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction
or social origin, which has the effect of nullifying or impairing
equality of opportunity or treatment in employment or
occupation;
b. Such other distinction, exclusion or preference which has the
effect of nullifying or impairing equality of opportunity or
treatment in employment or occupation as may be determined
by the Member concerned after consultation with
 representative employers' and workers' organisations, where
such exist, and with other appropriate bodies.
2. Any distinction, exclusion or preference in respect of a particular job
based on the inherent requirements thereof shall not be deemed to be
discrimination.
3. For the purpose of this Convention the
terms employment and occupation include access to vocational
training, access to employment and to particular occupations, and
terms and conditions of employment.

UNESCO Convention Against Discrimination in Education (1966)

Article 1 

1. For the purposes of this Convention, the term `discrimination' includes

any distinction, exclusion, limitation or preference which, being based
on race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion,
national or social origin, economic condition or birth, has the purpose or
effect of nullifying or impairing equality of treatment in education and in
particular: 
a. Of depriving any person or group of persons of access to
education of any type or at any level; 
b. Of limiting any person or group of persons to education of an
inferior standard; 
c. Subject to the provisions of Article 2 of this Convention, of
establishing or maintaining separate educational systems or
institutions for persons or groups of persons; or 
d. Of inflicting on any person or group of persons conditions
which are in-compatible with the dignity of man.
2. For the purposes of this Convention, the term `education' refers to all
types and levels of education, and includes access to education, the
standard and quality of education, and the conditions under which it is
given.