IT Tools and Applications in Business (Module 2)

Topic 1 – Using Basic Formulas

(Microsoft Excel 2016)

- A formula is an equation that performs calculations on values in a worksheet.

- Operands identify the values (constant value or a variable such as a cell reference, a range
of cells, or another formula) to be used in the calculation.
1. Constant – number or text that is entered directly into a formula.
2. Variable – symbol or name that represents something else (cell address, a range of
cells, etc.).
3. Calculation operators – specify the calculations to be performed. To allow Excel
distinguish formulas from data, all formulas begin with an equal sign (=).

Cell Reference – identifies a cell’s location in the worksheet, based on its column letter and row
number.
Absolute cell reference – refers to a specific cell or range of cells regardless of where the
formula is located in the worksheet.

Named Range – is a group cells and occasionally a single cell with a designated.
Scope – is the location within which excel recognizes the name without qualification.

Topic 3 – Formatting Cells and Ranges

The following describes each type of vertical alignment:

- Top (or Top Align): The top line of text appears at the top of the cell.
- Center (or Middle Align): Text is centered halfway between the top and bottom of the cell.
- Bottom (or Bottom Align): Text appears at the bottom of the cell. This is the default vertical
alignment.
- Justify: Text is spread evenly throughout the cell. Excel will wrap text and automatically adjust
the row height, if necessary.
- Distributed: Text is spread evenly between the top of the cell and the bottom, separated by
blank space.
Font – is a set of text properties that affect the typeface, size, and style of text.
IT Tools and Applications in Business (Module 2)

Mini Toolbar – is a formatting tool that appears above or below the shortcut menu when you
right click a cell.
Attribute – is a formatting characteristic, such as bold, italic, or underlined text. You can apply
character attributes in Excel by selecting the data to be affected and clicking a button in the font
group on the Home Tab.
No Fill – is the default background color.
Merged Cell – combines two or more cells into a single cell.
Format Painter – allows you to quickly copy formatting attributes that you have already and
paint those attributes onto other text, shapes, pictures, and worksheet.
Format Painter – is located in the Clipboard group on the home tab and on the Mini Toolbar.
Paste Special – enables you to control specifically what you want top paste after using the Copy
or Cut command such as cell content, formulas, values, formatting, and much more.
Style – is a set of formatting attributes that you can apply to a cell or range of cells more easily
than by setting each attribute individually.

Working with Hyperlink Data

Applying Conditional Formatting to Cells