ROIDEANA International Aroid Society, Inc.LA.S. Board of Directors 1998-2000 Donald Burns, Donna Rich, David Levitt, Dewey Fisk, Tim Anderson, Reggie Whitehead 1999-2001 Amy Donovan, Patricia Frank, Julius Boos, Dale Magrew, Neil Carroll 2000-2002 Denis Rotolante, Charlie McDaniel, Ron Weeks, Donna Atwood, Juan Espinosa-Almodovar Honorary Board of Directors Dr. Sue Thompson Dr. Thomas B. Croat Officers President: Denis Rotolante Vice President: Tim Anderson ‘Treasurer: Patricia Frank Recording Secretary: Donna Rich Corresponding Secretary: Dewey Fisk ‘Membership Chairperson: Donald Burns Newsletter: Neil Carroll Aroideana Editor: Peter C. Boyce Scientific Editor: Dr. Thomas B. Croat Peer Review: Dr. Derek Burch Dr. Jake Henny Julius Boos Editorial Board Peter C. Boyce, Dr. Simon Mayo, Dr. Dan H. Nicolson, Dr. Thomas B. Croat, Dr. Derek Burch, Dr. Michael H. Grayum, Josef Bogner, Dr. Jake Henny, Julius Boos AROIDEANA is an illustrated annual devoted to in- formation about the family Araceae and published by the International Aroid Society, Ine. No material may be reproduced by any means without written permis- sion from the editor. Manuscripts, corrected proofs, and all editorial correspondence should be sent to: Peter C. Boyce, Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK. Email pboyee® rhgkew.org.uk (office); boyce@pothos.demon.co.ik (home). Scientific and Non-Scieniific Manuscripts Papers must be typed to fit standard A4 paper, be double spaced throughout, and for hard copy be on consecutively numbered pages, with 2.5 em (1") mar- gins on all sides, Ideally all manuscripts should be submitted to the editor in electronic format (either on 38” floppy disk or as an email attachment) in MS Word 7 (or later) or compatible. Measurements are to be in metric units. Authors of scientific manuscripts should follow recommendations of the Council of Bi- ology Editors Style Manual. Sequence of Sections Follow this order: ttle, author name and address, ab- stract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, acknowledgments, and literature cited, Captions must accompany all tables andl figures. Ab- stracts should summarize the character and scope of the paper in 250 words or less, followed by no more than eight key words, Literature cited must be refer- enced in the text and listed alphabetically by author, Mlustrations Line drawings and tables must be in black, high re lution ink, clearly labeled, and consecutively num- bered. Photos must be completely labeled and show desired cropping if any. Figures will be published ei- ther one column (six cm) or two columns (12.6 cm) wide. Full page illustrations will be no more than 12.6 em X 20 cm. Original art will be returned to the au- thor. Figures will be published in black and white un- less special arrangements have been made with the editor for reproduction in color: Processing Manuscripts Upon receipt, manuscripts are acknowledged and sent for critical review. Accepted manuscripts are sei to authors for revision in consideration of reviewers’ comments and returned to the editor for typesetting, Page proofs are sent to the author for proofreading, with any changes other than typograpbical errors be- ing charged 10 the autbor at cost at the editor's dis- cretion, Authors with research support will be billed for page charges at the rate of $30.00 per printed page at the editor’s discretion Voucher Materials Descriptions of new species require deposit of type ‘materials in a recognized herbarium,ROIDEANA International Aroid Society, Inc. CONTENTS D. Fisk In Memoriam—Dr. Monroe R. Birdsey 2 P.C. Boyce From the Editor. : : 3 J. Bogner Friedrich Hegelmaier (1833-1906) and the Lemnaceae. 4 J. Bogner and Mangonia tweediana Schott (Araceae). : ae E. Marchesi T. B. Croat and VIII International Aroid Conference at Missouri Botanical B. Cosgriff Garden, August 9-11, 1999 . oo 19 T. B. Croat and A new record of Anthurium sarukbanianum (Araceae) to M.A. Pérez-Farrera Chiapas, Mexico—with additional notes on vegetative morphology . 26 G. Dieringer and A comparison of size and sexual expression in populations L. Cabrera R. of Arisaema macrospathum Benth, and A. dracontium (L.) Schott (Araceae) 31 V. D. Nguyen Two new species of Arisaema from Vietnam 36 G, Gusman Observations on Arisaema macrospathum Benth. (Araceae) 41 W. L.A. Hetterscheid A reclassification of Sauromatum Schott and new species of and P. C. Boyce Typhonium Schott (Araceae). : eo C. M, Sakuragui Araceae of campos rupestres from the Espinhaco Range in Minas Gerais State, Brazil : 56 Marcus A. Nadruz Anthurium maricense Nadruz & Mayo—a new species of Coelho Anthurium Schott (Araceae: Tribe Anthurieae) for Brazil. 82 and Simon J. Mayo S.J. Mayo, L. P. Félix, Anthurium bromelicola—a remarkable new species from J.G. Jardim and Northeast Brazil. . 89 A. M. Carvalho Published July, 2000 Photos & line illustrations: All photos and illustrations accompanying this issue of Aroideana are by the authors, unless otherwise designated. Front Cover: Mangonia tweediana Schott. Inflorescence and nearly mature infructes- cence. The peduncle extends deep in the soil and is not visible, Photograph: E. Marchesi. Back Cover: Mangonia Schott. A, habit showing inflorescence and petiole base only X 2/3; B, habit X 2/3; C, spadix X 1; D, synandrium, top view X15; E, synandrium, side view X 15; F, synandrode X 15; G, gynoecium with associated staminodes x 15; H, gynoecium, longitudinal section X15; J, infructescence X 1; K, leaf X 2/3; L, inflorescence X 1; M, spadix X 2; N, synandrium, top view X 15; P, synandrium, side view X 15; Q, synandrode X 15; R, gynoecium with associated staminodes X 15; S, gynoecium, longi- nasi) section X 15. Mangonia uruguaya: A, Darwinianal: 73, fig. 1,1; B, Darwiniana 8: 74, fig. 2,2; C-H, Felippone 5772 (SD; Felippone SI 297 (K, Kew spirit collection 58120 & SD; J, Darwiniana 18: 74, fig, 23 (1973); M. tweedieana: K, Waechter 2347 (K); Tweedie sn, (K, LE); Waechter 2347 (K & Kew spirit collection 58090)AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 In Memoriam—Dr. Monroe R. Birdsey b. March 1922, d. January 2000 It is with deep regret to tell you about the passing of an icon. Dr. Monroe Birdsey died this last January. He passed in his sleep due to Cardiac Arrest. He had not been feeling too well for the last few weeks, but would not go to the hospital. This was true to his character. Dr. Birdsey did his Undergraduate work at the University of Miami, his Masters at Co- lumbia and received his PhD at the Univer- sity of California, Berkeley. His thesis on Syngonium, though unpublished, was con- sidered the definitive work of the time. He was noted for his humor, He was a master punsman and his command of the language was more than exceptional, With this command he shared his years of accu- mulated knowledge by speaking engage- ments all over Florida and with individuals with whom he came in contact. He was also a world traveller. At least a couple times a year he would leave for a trip to some exotic location. Sometimes to a major world capitol and sometimes to a very dense jungle from where he brought back many plants that are now in common cultivation in Florida. Mon- roe was one of the most generous collectors that I have ever known. Anyone visiting his marvellous acre in South Miami always left with an armload of cuttings and plants. He also had one of the largest private cycad col- ections in the world. Monroe is survived by three sons who have gathered in Miami. There was a Memorial Service in his garden which he developed over the past half a cen- tury, Again, this is a great personal loss and cer- tainly a loss to the Aroid Community —Dew- ey Fisk, Florida, March 2000,2000 From the Editor In the seven months since I last sat down to write an editorial piece much has happened both globally, the New Millen- ium being celebrated in many countries springs to mind as one of the happier events, and within the aroid society, the VIII International Aroid Society Confer- ence held in St. Louis, Missouri being pre- eminent in my mind. Those of us fortunate to have attended the conference will have come away richer in spirit from having met so many like-minded folks and richer in knowledge for exactly the same reason. Certainly I boarded the flight back to Lon- don feeling that the International Aroid So- ciety is more dynamic than ever before Even the arrival of the airline meal could do nothing to dampen my enthusiasm and now nearly half a year later that enthusi- asm remains. Indeed, it is heightened due to ongoing events within the horticultural and scientific communities to which I be- long. My spirit supercharger from the horti- cultural side arrived in the shape of Kathy King, a new grower of tropical aroids at Kew. Kathy, an Australian by birth, has just been appointed to grow the aroids, among other families, in the research glasshouses at Kew. Kathy has recently very success- fully completed the three-year Kew Diplo- ma in Horticulture and is a consummately good grower with a thirst for knowledge in which aroids feature strongly. The scientific spirit fillips have come from many directions. The imminent pub- lication of the second, much expanded edition of Deni Bown’s classic ‘Aroids— Plants of the Arum Family’ is at the top of the list. A further piece of scientific moral boosting came with the news that the world checklist and bibliography of Ara- ceae and Acoraceae, with which several members of the Society have been in- volved with for the past two years, will be published late this year. Other notable events either with us or on the horizon in- clude the scheduled completion late this year of the Araceae account for tropical east Asia—the ‘Flora Malesiana’ account, good progress with the Araceae of Thai- land study and the arrival on the scene of a Bangladeshi aroid specialist, M. Toha, among other things. As can been seen for the above snippets, the aroid world has never been more active. Peter Boyce Kew, April 2000,AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 Friedrich Hegelmaier (1833-1906) and the Lemnaceae J. Bogner Menzinger Strate 63 D-80638 Miinchen, Germany The first comprehensive monograph of Lemnaceae, the duckweeds, was written by Christof Friedrich Hegelmaier in 1868 The Lemnaceae were considered by most authors as closely related to the Araceae. Engler (1876) himself included the duck- weeds as a subfamily, Lemnoideae, with two tribes in the Araceae, but later as a separate family (Engler, 1889). The Lem- naceae may be considered as an early off- shoot of the Araceae, since they are known from the late cretaceous period (Stockey, Hoffman & Rothwell, 1997). It would appear that the duckweeds have been evolved by neoteny, with the early stages of development fixed and becom- ing fertile, which is expressed in their much-reduced appearance. Duckweeds are not clearly differentiated into shoots and leaves; the plant body is usually re- ferred to “fronds”, and have either one or several roots (Lemna and Spirodela) or are rootless (Wolffia and Wolffiella). Although recent DNA studies (French et al., 1995) have showed that the duckweeds come out in their cladistic analyses within the large expanded subfamily Aroideae sl (Mayo et al, 1997). The Lemnaceae are not included in our book “The Genera of Araceae” (Mayo et al., 1997) because our manuscript was already submitted to the publisher and it was too late to include them when the DNA data became avail- able. Furthermore, there are two mono- graphs in the 20 Century, one written by Daubs (1965) and a very comprehensive one by Landolt (1986) and Landolt & Kan- deler (1987) Friedrich Hegelmaier can be compared with H.W. Schott (1794-1865), because both of them have written excellent and very detailed (for the time!) monographs of Lemnaceae and Araceae in about the middle of the 19" Century. In this article only a short biography of Hegelmaier is given to present some notes about his life Friedrich Hegelmaier was born on the 4" September 1833 in Stilzbach (Oberamt Weinsberg) and died at the age of nearly 73 years on the 26" May 1906 in Tiibingen (Baden-Wirttemberg), Germany. He was the son of a priest and originally his father had chosen him for a theological profes- sion. Hegelmaier was a great Swabian (Schwabe) and stayed most of his life in his homeland (usually called Schwaben, but today officially named Wirttemberg and forming together with Baden the state of Baden-Wiirttemberg). In autumn 1846 Hegelmaier entered one of four lower Lu- theran theological seminaries and in this college he was prepared for later univer- sity study; this training was excellent, but one-sided humanistic. He was fortunate to come to Urach (Baden-Wiirttemberg) at the foot of the “Schwabischer Jura” (Swa- bian Jura), where the rich and beautiful flora of the region enlarged his botanical interests and he found in Dr. Finckh, a medical doctor, a knowledgeable guide for the native plants. Hegelmaier's botan- ical preferences let him come to the deci- sion to study medicine, instead of theolo- gy in Tabingen. There he graduated to Dr. med. The practical medical work appar- ently did not satisfy him much, because after a short period as a military doctor in Ulm (Baden-Wiirttemberg) he decided to devote all his energy to botany. Hegelmaier was mostly attracted by morphology and therefore he went to Ber- lin where the famous Alexander Braun was active. There Hegelmaier made botan- -al-morphological and systematic studiesFig. 1. Friedrich Hegelmaier (1833-1906).6 AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 Fig. 2. Wolffiella denticulata (Hegelm.) Hegelm. Photo: J. Bogner. from 1862 until 1863. Braun represented a comparative morphological direction and Hegelmaier kept this interest life-long, but he also produced several developmental studies. He received his habilitation in spring 1864 in Tiibingen and become ex- traordinary professor after some years. His excellent teaching activity was honoured as ordinary honorary professor later. As a lecturer at the university he always pre- sented his lectures very carefully and a curately, making them easily understand able for the students; also he supplement- ed his lectures by showing abundant dem- onstration material. He had a profound knowledge of the middle European flora and he made collecting trips to the Alps and southern Europe. But all his botanical work was done at home, where he had rich plant collections. As a result of his stay in Berlin he pro- duced the “Monographie der Gattung Cal- litriche’ (1864), which contains many an- atomical, developmental and_ systematic observations. His large monograph “Die Lemnaceen, Eine monographische Unter- suchung” (1868) represents a fundamental work about the Lemnaceae and also he studied these plants in later years. The suggestion for this treatment came from the well-known Braun who desired a sci- entific study of the duckweeds collected by Welwitsch in southwestern Africa (He- gelmaier 1865); finally in 1868 Hegelmaier produced a world-wide monograph. His studies were very accurate and enhanced by his own fine drawings, which have been reproduced often in later decades. Hegelmaier's interpretation of the mor- phology of the Lemnaceae was not ac- cepted by all authors, as this was contro- versial at this early time. After his great monograph he published smaller papers on the fructification of Spirodela (1871) and about Wolffia microscopica (1885), but a very important later paper was his treatment of the Lemnaceae for the “Flora brasiliensis” (1878). In 1895 he published Systematische Ubersicht der Lemnaceen” in Engler’s Botanische Jahrbiicher, where he added all the new data which had been accumulated in three decades. This work can be considered as a new revision al- though it contains no illustrations Other botanical studies produced by Hegelmaier were on the flower develop- ment of Potamogeton and Salix, and stud- ies on Lycopodium, Isoetes, Selaginella and others. He also made studies on the development of the embryo and seed of certain monocots, later also on dicots. He undertook floristic works, producing larg- er papers dealing with the moss vegetation of the “Schwébischer Jura” and the genus. Alchemilla of the same area. This last mentioned was his last publication Hegelmaier made many excursions and he was an untiring walker and mountain climber. His marriage lasted for nearly for- ty years until his wife died and a daughter looked after him in the last years of his life. Although he was somewhat reserved and modest he was much pleased by the party on the occasion of his 70" birthday held by the German Botanical Society (Deut- sche Botanische Gesellschaft) who hon- oured his life’s work on botany: LITERATURE CITED Daubs, E. H. 1965. A monograph of Lem- naceae (Illinois Biological Mono- graphs 34), v + 118 pp. The Univer- sity of Illinois Press, Urbana, IL.J. BOGNER, 2000. Engler, A. 1876. Vergleichende Untersu- chungen iiber die morphologischen Vethiltnisse der Araceae. 1. Theil. Natiirliches System der Araceae. Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German, Nat. Cur. 39 (3):133-155. 1889 Lemnaceae in A. Engler & K. Prantl, Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfam- ilien, vol. 2(3):154-164. Wilhelm En- gelmann, Leipzig. French, J. C., M. Chung & Y. Hur. 1995. Chloroplast DNA phylogeny of the Ariflora in P. J. Rudall, P. J. Cribb, D. F. Cutler & C. J. Humphries, Mono- cotyledons: systematics and evolution 1:255-275. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Goebel, K. 1907. Chr. Friedrich Hegel- maier. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 25:32- 40) [Anhang]. Hegelmaier, F. 1865. Welwitschii iter an- golense. IV. Lemnacearum a. cl. Fr. Welwitsch in Africae aequinoctialis territorio angolensi collectarum des- criptio. J, Bot. 3:110-115, tab. 29. 1868. Die Lemnaceen. Eine mon- ographische Untersuchung. iv + 169 pp., 16 tab, Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1871. Uber die Fructificationsteile von Spirodela. Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 29:621-629. 1878. Lemnaceae in C.RP. von Martius & A.G. Eichler, Flora Brasi- liensis, vol. 3(2):1-24, tab. 1. F. Fleischer, Manchen, Leipzig . 1885. Wolffia microscopica. Bot Zeitung (Berlin) 43:241-249, . 1895. Systematische Ubersicht der Lemnaceen, Bot. Jahrb. 21:268-305. Landolt, E. (1986). Biosystematic investi- gations in the family of duckweeds (Lemnaceae) (Vol. 2). The family of Lemnaceae—a monographic study, vol. 1, 566 pp. Verdffentlichungen des Geobotanischen Institutes der Eidge- néssischen Technischen Hochschule, Stiftung Riibel, in Ziirich, 71. Heft & R. Kandeler. (1987). Biosyste- matic investigations in the family of duckweeds (Lemnaceae) (Vol. 4). the family of Lemnaceae—a monograph- ic study, vol. 2, 638 pp. Verdffentli- chungen des Geobotanischen Insti- tutes der Eidgendssischen Technisch- en Hochschule, Stiftung Rubel, in Zirich, 95. Heft Mayo, S. J., J. Bogner & P. C, Boyce. 1997. The Genera of Araceae, xii + 370 pp. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Stockey, R. A., G. L. Hoffmann & G. W. Rothwell, 1997. The fossil monocot Limnobiophyllum scutatum: tesolv- ing the phylogeny of Lemnaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 84 (3):355-368.8 AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 Mangonia tweedieana Schott (Araceae) J. Bogner Botanischer Garten Miinchen Menzinger Stake 63 D-80638 Miinchen Germany E. Marchesi Laboratorio de Botanica Casilla de Correo 1238 Montevideo Uruguay INTRODUCTION The genus Mangonia Schott was de- scribed in 1857 with one species (M. twee- dieana Schott) and later illustrated in his Genera Aroidearum (Schott, 1858). Hick- en (1917) described a new genus, Felip: ponia Hicken, with a single species, Felip- ponia uruguaya Hicken. Later Hicken (1928) changed the generic name to Felip- poniella because his earlier name was a later homonym of a moss genus described by Brotherus in 1912. When one of the au- thors (Bogner, 1973) studied Felippone’s material (Felippone SI-297 and Felippone 5772) it was clearly a second species of Mangonia and thus a separate genus is unnecessary. As circumscribed here the genus Mangonia contains two species. In this paper a comprehensive description of Mangonia tweedieana is presented based on observations made during a visit to Uruguay in 1999. Unfortunately we were unable to recollect M. uruguaya (Hicken) Bogner during the trip in 1999, although it has been very recently recollected at Cerro Largo in the Sierra de Rios. Bogner (1973) published an account of M. uruguaya. DESCRIPTION Mangonia tweedieana Schott, Oestert. Bot. Wochenbl. 7: 77 (1857) & Genera Aroidearum, t. 64 (1858) & Prodromus stematis Aroidearum: 335-336 (1860); Engl. in CEP. von Martius & A.G. Ei- chler, Flora Brasiliensis, vol. 3(2): 206-207 (1878) & in A. & C. de Can- dolle, Monographiae Phanerogama- rum, vol. 2: 518-519 (1879) & in A Engler & K. Prantl, Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien, vol. 2(3); 143-144 (1889) Das Pflanzenreich 73 (IV.23F): 40-41 (1920); Herter, Flora Illustrada del Uruguay, vol. 16). Es- tudios botanicos en la regién Urugu: 14: 188, pl. 749 (1943); Bogner, Dar- winiana 18: 78-79 (1973); Mayo et al. ‘The Genera of Araceae: 155, pl. 37 K- S, pl. 114 D (1997). Type. Brazil, Ban- da Oriental, Tweedie s.n. holo K; iso K). Figs. 1-12. Seasonally dormant herbs with inflores- cences and leaves appearing at different times. Tuber depressed-globose, deeply em- bedded in soil, smooth, light brown, 4-6.5 cm X 3-45 cm, three to five tubers con- nected fo each other (one tuber is produced each year, thus oldest tuber up to five years old), older tubers more or less furrowed, the youngest smooth (Fig, 1). Leaves few to sev- eral per plant; petiole 8-35 cm long, 0.3-0 cm diam., deeply canaliculate, mid-green; sheath 8-10 cm long, margins curved wards; leaf blade oblong to ovate-oblong or elliptic-oblong or oblong-sagittate (the last after Schott, Icones Aroid. no. 2220), or more or less ovate ( Waechter 2: , (5-)6- 18(-27) cm X (2-)7-8.5(-14) cm, mid- green, somewhat lighter underneath, base obtuse (to sagittate fide Schott) to orbiculate or auriculate, often unequal, then mostly one side more rounded than the other, apex acute to cuspidate; venation reticulate, mid-|. BOGNER, F. MARCHEST, 2000 Fig. 1 Tuber. Six tubers of different age are connected. The light colored, smooth tubers (right and above left) are the youngest. Photograph: E. Marchesi dle vein very strong, quite prominent, rounded abaxially, sunken adaxially, pri- mary lateral veins (68-10-12) on each side of the middle vein, running into margin, towards apex, secondary order veins thin- ner, third order veins much thinner and forming a well developed network, typically a collecting vein absent along margin. Inflo- rescences variable in number per plant, ap- pearing before the leaves and produced se- quentially, functional for three to six days, each subtended by 4-5 cataphylls, cata- phylls (1-)5-17 cm long, up to 1.6 cm wide, apex acute, the first one the shortest, the last one the longest, light green and soon drying light brown. Peduncle length dependent on the depth of the tuber in the soil, up to 11 cm long, terete, 0.35-0.4 cm diam., nearly completely subterranean and whitish, where exposed more or less red-brown tinged. Spathe erect, not constricted, 4.5-5 cm long, red-brown inside and outside, veins some- what stronger colored, lower part convolute for ca. '/, of its length, upper part gaping at anthesis, apex cuspidate. Spadix longer than, spathe, 5.3-5.8 cm in total; female part 0.8— 1 cm X 0.8-0.9 cm diam; male part 1.5-1.6 cm X 0.5-0.8 cm diam, fertile zones sepa- rated by a short naked axis ca, 0.4 em X ca 0.4 em in diam,, red-brown to reddish pur- ple; appendix (2-)2.5-2.8 cm X 0.5-0.8 cm diam., narrowed towards apex and obtuse, densely covered with synandrodes. Male flowers synandriate, laxly arranged, axis of spadix clearly visible, red-brown to reddish purple (Fig. 4); synandrium 4- to 6-androus, mostly 5~6-androus, 15-18 mm X 3-35 mm diam., deeply incised between the an- thers and somewhat deeper in the center, light brown, short stipitate, stipe ca. 0.8 mm X ca. 1.5 mm thick at base, attenuate to- wards apex, thecae crowded apically on synandrium, more or less globular, 0.7-0.8 mm diam., opening by an apical pore or broad slit. Pollen grains ellipsoid, inapertur- ate, 40-43 pm X 25-27 pm, exine verrucate, verrucae low (Figs. 10 & 11). Synandria and synandrodes separated by a few synandriaAROIDEANA, g. 2. Inflorescence with upper part of peduncle. Photograph: E. MarchesiFig. 3. Inflorescence, the spathe cut off to show the whole Photograph: E. Mai chesi.Fig. 4, Spadix. Note the r itate synandria. Photograph: E, MarchiJ. BOGNER, E. MARCHES, 2 Fig. 5. with fewer stamens (sometimes only one) or intermediate structures with one or more fenile stamens and sterile theca). Synandro- des consisting usually of 34 staminodes, those near apex of appendix with fewer staminodes (2 or sometimes only 1). Syn- androdium incised at the apex and deeper in the center, the single apices of staminodes rounded, synandrodium cream, 1.5-1.6 mm X 18-2 mm diam., uppermost ones a little smaller (ca. 1.2 mm diam). Female flowers densely arranged in spiral rows, ca. 4 flow- ers above each other; ovary depressed-glo- bose, 1.9-2 mm diam., red-brown, 3—4-loc- ular, each locule with 2 ovules; style very short, ca, 0.5 X 0.6-0.7 mm in diam., red- brown, attenuate towards stigma; stigma 3- to 4lobed, somewhat sunken in the center 08-1 mm diam., red-brown, but darker than ovary and style; ovules anatropous, ca. 0.45 X 03 mm diam,, funicle very short, hanging downwards an axile placenta. Female flow- ef surrounded by ca. 6, cream to yellowish staminodes, these shorter than the ovary; Mature infructescence with five berries visible. Photograph: e. Marchesi, staminode briefly stipitate, stipe ca. 0.15 mm, diam., apex flat, ca. 0.8 X 0.4 mm, wary, ca. 0.3 mm diam. Infructescence more or less globular, lying on the soil surface, with several berries (6-12 in number, probably also more). Berries globose to depressed- globose 1,0-1.8 X 0.9-1.5 cm, surface ru- gose, light brown, lighter colored at base (Fig. 5), each with 2-6 seeds (Fig. 6). Seed more or less irregularly ellipsoid, somewhat flattened at raphe, 0.6-0.7 em X 0.4-0.5 cm; testa rough, tough, dark brown to blacki brown; endosperm copious, white; embryo elongate, ca. 3 mm long, light green, Seed- ling with compact cotyledon and un- branched primary root (Fig, 9), growth be- ginning with a foliage leaf. Chromosomes: 2n = 34 Flowering time December to January; the inflorescence has a light banana-like odor at anthesis; leaves are present from March to November.AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 2. ie STAINLES. ) 5 Fig. 6. chesi, Ecology Mangonia tweedieana grows on the forest floor in humus-rich soil or in stony ground, in mountainous areas and forests along streams between 40-250 m altitude The inflorescences and leaves usually ap- pear at different times, although collec- tions exist with inflorescences and leaves collected at the same time, these probably came from different plants. Waechter's col- or photograph, reproduced in Mayo et al (1997: pl. 114 D) shows an inflorescence with a petiole present, but this seems to be an exception Distribution Uruguay (Departamentos Artigas, Pa sandt, Rivera, Salto and Tucuarembo), Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul: Banda oriental; Bom Jesus, Barra do Morais). ‘The south- western-most recorded locality is in Pay- sandki, ruta 90, northeast of Pandule, Que- e yas Berry, longitudinal section showing the dark brown seeds. Photograph: E. Mar- brada de la Cueva del Tigre, 32° 22'S, 25'W; the southeastern-most recorded lo- cality is Tacuaremb6, Cerro Portén, ni the Malo and Rol6n streams, 32° 22' 52'W. Specimens seen—URUGUAY: Artigas, Cuareim, 31* July 1901 (leaves), Dec. 1903 (inflo.), Berro 1740 (MVEA); Cuareim, Ber- ro 3157(MVFA), May 1903; Cultivated Bo- tanical Garden Munich, 1999, Bogner 2376 from specimen (Marchesi s.n.) cited below (K, M); Rivera, near the stream Lunarejo near Masoller, April 1962, cult. Montevi- deo, Marchesi s.n, MVFA 29403, Tucu- aremb6, Vallé Edén, 7/8 Dec. 1963 (leaves and. inflo.), Arvillaga, Izaguirre & del Puerto 1825 (MVEA). BRAZIL: Banda Ori- ental, Tweedie s.n. (holotype K; isotype K); Rio Grande do Sul, Bom Jesus, Barra do Morais, 30 Sept. 1988, Waechter 2347 (K) (originally with leaves only; this col- lection flowered at the 15 Nov. 1992 in cultivation in Porto Alegre, Brazil)J. BOGNER, E. MARCHESI, 2000 re REMARKS The specimen Berro 1740 (B) cited by Engler was lost during the Second World War. We have not seen the original collec- tion by Waechter 2347, or the living plants cultivated in Porto Alegre, but have seen a duplicate of the collection and color photographs of the plants. There are two sheets of the Tweedie s.n. collection in the Kew Herbarium, both with labels in Schott’s handwriting. The specimen from Hooker's herbarium is a single complete inflorescence (with the stamp ‘Herbarium, Hookerianum 1867’ and an original label of the locality by Tweedie) and this is cited here as the holotype. The second sheet has, aside from Schott’s determination la- bel, another label with ‘Hb. Fischer— Tweedie,—Rio Grande’ written on it. This sheet has three somewhat broken inflores- cences and one complete leaf. The leaf was illustrated in Schott's original plate [Schott's Jcones Aroid. no, 2220 (W), see Bogner, 1973], but was not included in his published plate in Genera Aroidearum (1858: t. 64) Schott (1857, 1858) only briefly de- scribed the leaf of M. tweediana, citing ex- actly the note by Tweedie on the sheet with a single inflorescence. However, by the time he published Prodromus syste- matis Aroidearum (Schott, 1860) he must have seen the second Tweedie sheet with three inflorescences and a single leaf be- cause he described the leaf in detail. This suggests that the drawing of the leaf must have been added later, at least after 1858 Schott’s original description (Schott, 1857) has the name spelled ‘M. twedieana Ge. with only one ‘e’), but this is clearly a misprint as later (Schott, 1858, 1860) the name is correctly cited M. tweedieana (i.e with two ‘e” is on Schott's hand-writ- ten determination slips, as well as on the original Icones Aroid. no. 2220 plate. Although no dates are given on the twoFig. 8. First foliage leaves of seedlings. Photograph: J. Bogner. Tweedie sheets, it is clear that Tweedie did not find inflorescences and leaves at the same time since his original label says: ‘of Banda oriental. The leaves 4 inch long 2 inch broad cordate. I never found leaf and flower at one time’. Logically, Twee- die must have collected the single leaf at a different time from the inflorescences and added it later. There is no doubt that this separate leaf belongs to M. twee- dieana. Engler (1920: 41) wrote: an feu- chten Plitzen, Rio Grande do Sul (7iwee- die—Herb. Kew) which translates as ‘in moist places . ..’, but no such ecological note is present on the two Kew sheets and it is unclear from where this information came, The leaves of M. tweedieana are quite variable, both in the shape of the lamina and in their width. In Schott’s published plate (1858: t. 64) and in the plate [/cones Arvid. no, 2220 (W)) the stipe of the syn- AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 Fig. 9. Seedling with seed still attached (Bogner 2376). Photograph: H.-J. Tillich. andria appears longer and thinner than that recorded here. We believe that these dimensions depend on drying during the pressing process to make herbarium vouchers because on the herbarium spec- imens the axis of the spadix is shrivelled and furrowed. Fresh or pickled material has a smooth spadix axis and the stipe of the synandria is thicker and thus propor tionally shorter. A key to the two species of Mangonia was given by Bogner (1973) and to tribe Spathicarpeae, to which Mangonia be- longs, by Bogner & Nicolson (1988). The anatomy of M. iweedieana has been studied by Professor R. Keating, Ed- wardsville, Il. (USA) and will be pub- lished separately in his treatment of the Ar- aceae in the forthcoming volume Anatomy of the Monocotyledons. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We like to thank very much Dr. Gitte Petersen, Copenhagen (Denmark) for theFig. 10. Pollen g Fig, 11. Pollen grain. Bar is 10 um (Bogner . Photograph: M. Hesse.18 AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 chromosome counts and Professor Mi- chael Hesse, Wien (Austria) for SEM mi- crographs of the pollen grains. LITERATURE CITED Bogner, J. 1973. Otra especie de Mangon- ia (Araceae), Darwiniana 18-70-79. & D. H. Nicolson. 1988. Revision of the South American genus Gorgon- idium Schott (Araceae—Spathicar- peae). Bot. Jahrb. 109:529-554. Engler, A. 1878. In C.EP. von Martius & AG. Eichler, Flora Brasiliensis, vol. 3(2):206-207 Fleischer, Miinchen, Leipzig 1879. In A. & C. de Candolle, Monographiae Phanerogamarum, vol.2:518-519. Masson, Paris. 1889. In A. Engler & K. Prantl, Die natirlichen Pflanzenfamilien, vol 2(3):143-144, Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig. 1920. Araceae-Aroideae, Araceae- Pistioideae in A. Engler, Das Pflan- zenreich 73(IV.23F):40-41. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig Herter, W. CG’). 1943. Flora Illustrada del Uruguay, vol. (5). Estudios botanicos en la region Uruguay 14:188, pl. 749. Cracovia Hicken, C. M. 1917. Una Aracea curiosa, Felipponia. Anales Soc. Gi. Argent. 84 240-244. Mayo, S. J., J. Bogner & P. C, Boyce. 1997. The Genera of Araceae: 155, pl. 37 K~ S, pl. 114 D. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. & 1998. In K. Ku- bitzki, The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol. 4:53. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg & New York. Schott, H. W. 1857. Mangonia, Oesterr. Bot, Wochenbl. 7:77. 1858. Genera Aroidearum, t. 64. C. Ueberreuter, Vienna. 1860. Prodromus systematis Aro- idearum: 335-336. Typis congrega- tionis mechitharisticae, Vienna.T,B. CROAT, B. COSGRIFF, 2000 19 VIII International Aroid Conference at Missouri Botanical Garden, August 9-11, 1999 T. B. Croat & B. Cosgriff Missouri Botanical Garden P.O. Box 299 St Louis, Missouri 63166, USA The VIII International Aroid Conference was held at the Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis from August 9 to August 11 The conference was organized by Tom Croat of the Missouri Botanical den. and Peter Boyce of the Royal Botanic Gar- dens, Kew. Beth Cosgriff from the Missouri Botanical Garden served as the General Secretary and as the Poster Coordinator and was responsible for the day-to-day operation of events. This conference was successful in bringing together aroid spe- cialists and enthusiasts from around the world, More than twenty countries were represented, including Australia, Belgium, Brazil, China (including both Taiwan and the People’s Republic), Colombia, Den- mark, Croatia, Ecuador, Germany, Great Britain (both England and Scotland), India, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzer- land, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, United States and Vietnam. A total of 45 posters dealing with a wide variety of aroid subjects were presented and were made available for viewing throughout the conference. A total of 51 oral presentations were given during the three-day conference. On Sunday, August 8, a welcoming bi becue was given by Tom and Pat Croat at Valle Escondido. Guests enjoyed tradition- al barbecue foods, bluegrass music, and the beautiful scenery surrounding Tom’s home. Most participants registered at this time. The conference was opened on Mon- day, August 9, with remarks by Tom Croat who stressed the accomplishments of the International Aroid Society since the first IAC held 19 years earlier at the Selby Bo- tanical Garden in Sarasota Florida. Dewey Fisk, President of the International Aroid Society, followed these remarks with a welcoming address. ‘The first session of the conference en- titled “Araceae of General Areas” was moderated by Dan Nicolson of the U. National Herbarium of the Smithsonian In- stitution in Washington, D.C. Included were talks covering 6 major floristic re- gions. Peter Boyce from Kew spoke about the “Araceae of Indomalesia” and also the “Araceae of the Mediterranean Region”; Tom Croat discussed the “Araceae of South America”; Sue Thompson talked about the “Araceae of North America”; S R. Yadav presented the “Araceae of the In- dian Subcontinent” and Josef Bogner end- ed the session with the “Araceae of Africa and Madagascar”. Coffee breaks were taken in the Beau- mont Center near the poster displays, and the catered lunches were given in the Flo- ral Display Hall of the Ridgway Center. Most participants took advantage of these breaks to discuss the paper sessions and to view the many excellent posters. Cheryl Neuman, Research Greenhouse Coordi- nator for the Garden, led tours of the greenhouses each day during the lunch break. During the breaks, the participants were also given the opportunity to buy art- work, literature, plants, T-shirts, posters and other aroid-related items. On Wednes- day, aroid cuttings and seedlings from the issouri Botanical Garden's collection were sold. Like the oral presentations, poster pre- sentations were diverse in their content, and also interesting and attractive. The posters presented (alphabetically by pre-AROIDEANA, Vol. 2 Botanical Garden August 9-11, 1999, eat Missouri Participants of the VIII International Aroid Conferenc} : : } : T_B. CROAT, B. COSGRIFF, 2000 senter) were as follows: Kerim Alpinar, Is- tanbul University, Turkey, “The Uses of Aroids in Turkish Folk Medicine”; Ivanilza Moreira de Andrade, Universidade Estad- ual de Sobral, Ceara, Brazil, “Shoot Mor- phology in Brazilian Root-Climbing Ara- ceae” and “A Preliminary Study of the Ar- aceae of the State of Ceara, NE Brazil”; Danny Beath, Shropshire, England, “Polli- nation Ecology of the Araceae”; Gladys Benavides, QCNE, Quito, Ecuador, “Ara- ceae of La Favorita Preserve, Pichincha Province, Ecuador”; Frieda Billiet, Jardin Botanique National de Beligique, Belgium, Recent Collections of Araceae from French Guiana”; Deni Bown, England, “Aroids-Plants of the Arum Family (Re- vised Edition)"; Matyas Buzgo, University of Zurich, Switzerland, “The Gynoecium of Gymnostachys (Araceae) and Potamo- geton (Potamogetonaceae)”; Felipe A. Car- dona Naranjo, Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia, “A Preliminary Revision of Spa- thiphyllum (Araceae) in Colombia”; Fure- Chyi Chen with Chien-In Ke, Wan-Lin Wu and Shih-Wen Chin, National Pingtung University of Science & Technology, Tai- wan, “Cytogenetic and Molecular Markers are Useful Tools for Spathiphyllum Breed- ing"; Maria de Lourdes Costa Soares, INPA—Botanica, Brazil, “Aroids of the Re- serva Ducke (Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil)” and “Amazonian Araceae Species Repre- sented in the INPA Herbarium, Manaus Amazonas, Brazil”; Tom Croat, Mis Botanical Garden, with Juan Chaparra, Washington University., St. Louis “Dieffenbachia of Central America”, with Amisha Shah, Washington University, Louis, Missouri, “Flora of the Guianas” with Amisha Shah, “Araceae of La Planada, Narino, Colombia”, with Richard Mansell, University of South Florida, Tampa, and Lynn Hannon, Odessa, Florida, “The Ara- ceae Flora of the Lita Region of Ecuador (Esmeraldas Province)"; David Draper Munt and Antonio Rossello Graell, Museu, Laboratorio e Jardim Botanico, Portugal, “Distribution Patterns of Arum Species of the Western Mediterranean Area”; Nguyen Van Dzu, Institute of Biology and Biolog- ical Resources, Vietnam, “The Diversity of Ee 21 Vietnamese Aroids”; Tricia Frank, Tricia’s ‘Tropicals, Miami, Florida, USA, “Aroids in the Florida Landscape”; David G. Frodin and R. Govaerts, Herbarium, Royal Botan- ic Gardens, U.K., “World Checklist and Bibliography of Arales (Araceae, Lemna- ceae) and Acorales (Acoraceae)”; Martha Patricia Galeano, Universidad Javeriana, Colombia, “Distribution of the Araceae of Colombia"; Eduardo Gomes Gongalves, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil, “Ad- vances on the Tribe Spathicarpeae’ and “Aroids from Hyperseasonal Savannas—A Vegetative Syndrome?”, with E. A. S. Paiva and Marcus A. Nadruz Coelho, “A Prelim- inary Survey of Petiolar Collenchyma in the Araceae”; Gijs Grob, University of Am- sterdam, The Netherlands, “Phylogenetic Analysis of Amorphophallus Based on Chloroplast Markers”; Dylan Hannon, Ran- cho Santa Anna Botanical Garden, “Do Tuberous Aroids Have Tubers?”; Alistair Hay, Royal Botanic Gardens, Syndey, Aus walia, with Peter Boyce, Wilbert Hetter- scheid, Neils Jacobsen, Jin Murata, Josef Bogner, Elizabeth Widjaja, and Dan Nic- olson, “The Araceae of Malesia, Australia and the Tropical Western Pacific”; Li Heng, Kunming Institute of Botany, People’s Re- public of China, “Current Advances of Ar- aceae Studies in China”; Jorge Jécome, Marisol Amaya and Gloria Galeano, Univ ersidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, “Vertical Distribution of Aroids in a Trop- ical Wet forest in Cabo Corrientes, Chocd, Colombia”; Richard Keating, Missouri Bo- tanical Garden, St. Louis, “Specialization of Collenchyma in Araceae and Its Relation to Classification” and “Variation in Calcium Oxalate Raphides in Araceae”; N. Kuan- prasert, University of Hawaii at Manoa with Adelheid R. Kuehnle, “Fragrance in Anthurium”, Adelheid R. Kuehnle, Uni- versity of Hawaii at Manoa, “Biotech Breeding of Anthurium’; T. K. Matsumo- to, University of Hawaii at Manoa, with Adelheid R. Kuehnle, “Zygotic Embryo- genesis in Anthurium”; Simon J. Mayo, Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, UK, “The Aroideae Maximilianae and the Ar oids of Brazil's Atlantic forest”, and with Marcus A. Nadruz Coelho, Cassia Monica22, AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 Sakuragui, and Eduardo Gomes Gongal- ves, “The Araceae for the Flora of Sao Pau- Jo, Brazil”; Melanie Medecilo, Texas Chris- tian University, Fort Worth, “Ethnobotany of Philippine Aroids”; Takashi Miyake, Laboratory of Ecological Information, Kyo to University, Japan, “Pollination Biology of Alocasia cucullata Schott (Araceae)"; Marcela Mora-Pinto, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, “The Aroids of Cape Corri- entes, Pacific Coast of Colombia”; Yasuko Mori, Osaka, Japan, “Genetic Diversity of Some Rheophytic Aroids of West Sumatra, Indonesia”; Marcus A. Nadruz Coelho, Jar- dim Botanico Rio de Janiero, Brazil, “The Aroid Collections at the Botanical Garden Rio de Janeiro Research Institute”; Marion Osieki, Oglesby Plant Nursery, “Breeding Success with Some Aroids”; Mary Ruden, Miami, Florida, “Aroids in the Art of Mary Rude ia Monica Sakuragui, Univ. de Maring4, Brazil, “Araceae of Campos Rupestres from Cadeia do Espinhago, Mi- nas Gerais State, Brazil”; Jane Whitehill, University of Missouri-St. Louis, “Thermo- genesis in the Araceae: A Model of Op- portunistic Evolution”; Hiromichi Yoshino, Okayama, Japan, “Phylogenetic Relation- ships of Taro in Asia and Oceania”; Dao Zhiling, Kunming Inst. of Botany, People’s Republic of China, “Araceae from Gaoli- gong Mountains, West Yunnan, China” ‘The second session, held Monday after- noon, was entitled “Aroid Collections, Horticultural and Herbarium” and was moderated by Simon Mayo of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. This session in- cluded: “Important Horticultural Collec- tions in South Florida” by Dewey Fisk; “Aroids at Selby Botanical Garden” by Donna Atwood; “Aroids at the Royal Bo- tanic Gardens, Kew” by Peter Boyce; “Ar- oid Collections at Munich Botanical Gar- den” by Josef Bogner; “Aroid Collections in Russia” by Mikhail Serebryanyi; “Aroids of Southern California” by R. M. Cirino (presented by Scott Hyndman) and “Ara- ceae Collections at the National Botanical Garden of Belgium” given by Frieda Bil- liet ‘The session ended with two special 40 minute lectures. The first, entitled “Run- ning Hot, Running Cold-the World of Tem- perate Aroids”, was presented by Tony Av- ent. He highlighted a wide array of aroid collections from around the world, includ- ing his own extensive collection at his Plants Delights Nursery in Raleigh, North Carolina. Next, Arden Dearden of Cairns, Australia presented a lecture on “Aroids of Australia", which among other things fea- tured his marvellous private botanical gar- den in Queensland. Before the afternoon was over, we had been entertained with hundreds of beautiful aroid photographs from all over the world. That evening, a reception was held for all participants in the Research Green- house, which houses the living collections of all Missouri Botanical Garden botanists and includes the thousands of aroids col- lected by Tom Croat and other staff throughout the years. Jim Cocos and Cath- cy Pauley, both of the Horticultural staff, gave a unique behind the scenes tour of the production, orchid and aquatic hous- es Following the dinner break, Peter H. Ra- ven, Director of the Missouri Botanical Garden, welcomed participants to the Gar- den. He also discussed the history of the Garden and stressed the significance of ar- oids in the general study of evolution. The evening lecture, “Aroid Personalities, a Personal Perspective”, was given by Tom Croat. In addition to discussing the earliest aroid researchers, including Schott, Brown and Engler, Tom also spoke about the cur- rent and up-and-coming leaders in aroid research. The history of the International Aroid Society and past aroid conferences was also discussed. The audience enjoyed this look back into time, as many partici- pants were featured in the talk. ‘The third session, beginning on Tues- day morning, was entitled “Morphology, Systematics and Evolution” and was mod- erated by Josef Bogner of the Munich Bo- tanical Garden. This session included the following papers: “Classification of Rbo- dospatha’ by Tom Croat; “Revision of Rhaphidopbora for Asia” by Peter Boyce; “A revision of Philodendron subg. Philo- dendron of Brazil” by Marcus A. NadruzT_B. CROAT, B. COSGRIFF, 2000 Coelho of the Jardin Botanico, Rio de Jan- iero; “Shoot Morphology in Brazilian Root- Climbing Araceae” by Ivanilza Moreira de Andrade of the Universidade Estadual de Sobral, ear, Brazil and Simon J. Mayo of Kew; “Taxonomy of Amorphophallus State of Affairs” by Wilbert Hetterscheid and Gijs Grob of Hortus Botanicus, Lei- den; “Comparative Vegetative Anatomy and Its Contribution to Classification of the Araceae” by Richard Keating of the Mis- souri Botanical Garden; “Molecular Sys tematics of the Caladium Alliance” by Jane Whitehill of the University of Missou- : ‘lassification of Arisaema by Jin Murata, University of Tokyo and Classification of Dracontium” by Guan- ghua Zhu of the Missouri Botanical Gar- den The fourth session, held Tuesday after- noon, was entitled “Araceae of Specific Ar eas” and was moderated by Sue Thomp- son from the Carnegie Museum, Pit burgh, Pennsylvania. This session includ ed the following lectures: “Revising the ‘Araceae for the Flora of China Project” by Li Heng of the Academia Sinica in Kunm- ing, China; “Araceae of Brunei” by Peter Boyce; “Aroids from Central Brazil” by Ed- uardo Gomes Goncalves of the Universi- dade de Brasilia, Brazil; “Araceae for the Flora of Ecuador” by Tom Croat and Ri- chard Mansell (presenter); “The Araceae of Thailand” by Duangchai Sookchalacem of the Royal Forest Department in Bang- kok; “Araceae of Western Ghats, India” by Shrirang R. Yadav from Shivaji University, India; “Araceae of Bajo Calima, Valle De- partment, Colombia” by Dorothy Bay from Southwest Missouri State College, Joplin, Missouri; “Araceae of Vietnam” by Mikhail Serebryanyi of Moscow Main Botanical Garden, Russia; and “Araceae of Chiapas, Mexico” by Miguel Pérez-Farrera of the Universidad Ciencias & Artes del Estado de Chiapas in Tuxtla Guttierez, Mexico. After the Tuesday afternoon session, a wine and cheese reception and tour of the Araceae herbarium was held in the Leh- mann Research Building. Participants had an opportunity to see the dried herbarium collections of Araceae as well as the col- lections of literature and photographs of Araceae. The Tuesday evening lecture, given by John Banta of Alva, Florida was entitled “The World of Aroids”. This su- perb lecture showcased Araceae of the world and included many beautiful pho- tographs. On Wednesday, the final day of the con- ference, Jin Murata chaired the fifth Ses- sion entitled “Aroid Breeding and Horti- culture” from the University of Tokyo. Pa- pers were: “Progress in Potted Ornamental Aroid Plant Breeding Research” by Jake Henny (presenter), D. J. Norman and J en of the University of Florida Central arch and Agriculture Center in Apop- “The Anthurium Cut-Flower Industry in the Netherlands” given by Nic van der Knaap (presenter) and Nick van Rosma- len, Anthurium Selecties, Bleiswick, The Netherlands; “Taro Cultivation in Hawaii Its Economic and Cultural Significance” by Ramon S. de la Pefia, University of Hawaii; “Progress in Micropropagation of Araceae” by Scott Hyndman, Winter Park, Florida; Biotech Breeding of Anthurium” by Adelheid Kuehnle, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, and “Cultivation of Arisaema in ‘Warm Temperate Climates” by Eric ton, HortResearch, Hamilton, New Zea- land. The sixth session was a miscellaneous paper session moderated by Peter Boy of Kew. Papers presented during the morning portion included: “Pollination Ecology of the Araceae” by Danny Beath, Shropshire, England and “Insects Associ- ated with Araceae” by John Rawlins, Car- negie Museum, Pittsburgh. The morning portion ended with the Roundtable Dis- cussion entitled “Registration of Hybrid Plants by the International Aroid Society”. Bruce McAlpin of Miami, Florida moder- ated this discussion. Participants included Wilbert Hetterscheid, Leiden, Mary Size- more, Deland, Florida and John Banta, Alva, Florida, Although many ideas for a standardized hybrid and cultivar registra~ tion system were discussed, participants were unable to reach a resolution as how to accomplish this goal. Donna Atwood has since agreed to do research on how—e—r oe 24 AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 other plant organizations have successfully undertaken the matter of registration and to bring the results back to the aroid com- munity at a later time. The afternoon portion of the Miscella- neous Paper Session featured “Investiga- tions in the Genus Arum” by Marija Be- dalov, University of Zagreb, Croatia; “Stud- ies of subfamily Zasioideac’ by Julius Boos, West Palm Beach, Florida; “Amor phopballus in China: How Many?" by Long Chun-Lin (presenter) and Li Heng of the Kunming Institute of Botany; “Acids of Seed Lipids in Taxonomy of Araceae” by Victor Soukup, University of Cincinnati, Ohio; “Comparison of Two Models for Chromosomal Evolution in Araceae”, Ri- chard S. Sheffer, Indiana University North- west, Gary; “Revision of Homalomena’ by Richard P. Wunderlin, Tom Croat (pre- senter) and Richard Mansell, University of South Florida, Tampa; “Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Philodendron sect. Calostig- ‘ma (Schow) Pfeiffer in Brazil” by C: MG6nica Sakuragui, Universidade Estadual de Maringé, Parand, Brazil, and “The Gy- noecium of Gymmnostachys and Potamo- geton” by Matyas Buzgo (presenter) and P. K. Endress, both from the Institute of Sy tematic Botany, University of Zurich, Swit- zerland. ‘The final presentation of the day dis- cussed the International Aroid Society Webpage and Aroid-L. Guanghua Zhu, Scott Hyndman, and Thomas Mottl of Calv, Germany showcased some features of the website and discussed further improve- ments that could be made. E-mail address- es were also collected from the audience in order to sign them onto aroid-. ‘The final evening began with a cocktail party held outside in the Garden. Guests then moved inside to enjoy the Closing Banquet, a delicious buffet catered by the Garden Restaurant. After dinner, partici- pants attended the Closing Lecture and Award Presentation. Dewey Fisk auc- tioned off a signed copy of Deni Bown’s “Aroids” (along with a kiss from the au- thor) to the highest bidder. Two awards were presented by the In- ternational Aroid Society for the first time at the conference, These were the “Bette Vaterbury Award for Excellence in Aroid Horticulture” presented to Josef Bogner from the Munich Botanical Garden and the “HL W. Schott Award for Excellence in Ar- oid Research” presented to Dan Nicolson of the Smithsonian, Washington, D.C. The beautiful awards were designed by Dewey Fisk and created by Luis Madrinan. The Bette Waterbury award was named in hon- or of the late Bette Waterbury, principal founder and first President of the Interna- tional Aroid Society. She served repeatedly in various offices for the society, and fi- nally as President Emeritus until the time of her death, The Waterbury Award is in- tended to honor persons who have made great accomplishments in the introduction, cultivation, study or promotion of living aroid collections. ‘The H.W. Schott Award is named for the grandfather of Aroid Research, the Vien- nese horticulturist of the Hapsburg Em- perors who was the first to work inten- sively with Araceae and who revised the family as early as 1860. The Schott Award is intended to honor persons who have excelled in scientific studies with Araceae. Dan Nicolson ended the evening with his wonderful and entertaining lecture, ‘The History of Classification in Araceae and a Modern Day Consensus”, Dewey Fisk made some closing remarks and gra ciously thanked the organizers of the con- ference. In terms of attendance, the VIII Inter- national Aroid Conference was the most successful yet, with 108 active participants Having been held in conjunction with the XVI International Botanical Congress, the aroid conference was scheduled to benefit from the natural draw of this larger meet- ing, yet only a handful of the IAC partici- pants attended the IBC. This conference was such a success because not only did it attract most of the major aroid research- ers from throughout the world, but it also attracted a large number of our horticul- tural and enthusiast aroid brethren from throughout the United States. The program was specifically designed to be attractive to the latter community and most partici-T.B. CROAT, B. COSGRIFF, 2000 pants with whom we have consulted tend to agree that it was an interesting program. It is essential that this kind of participation continue at future conferences. One of the last official actions of the VIIL International Aroid Conference was to take nominations for the IX International Aroid Conference. The nomination made by Peter Boyce to have the next aroid con- ference at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew was unanimously accepted. Since that conference is not scheduled until 2004, other conferences may intervene; includ- ing one tentatively planned in South America, Details on these possibilities will follow as they develop. We hope that all will work to make a success of any future meetings.26 AROIDEANA, Vol. 23 A new record of Anthurium sarukhanianum (Araceae) to Chiapas, Mexico—with additional notes on vegetative morphology T. B. Croat Missouri Botanical Garden. P.O. Box 299 St. Louis, MO 63166 USA. M. A. Pérez-Farrera Escuela de Biologia, UNICACH A.P. 782, Tuxtla Gutiérrez Chiapas, C.P. 29000, Mexico ABSTRACT Anthurium sarukbanianum Croat & Haager is recorded for Chiapas, Mexico. It is most closely related to A. balmoorei from west central Mexico but is similar to A, schlechtendalii. \t differs from the for- mer principally in the shape of its spadix and the petiole cross-sectional shape. It differs from A. schlechtendalii by the shape of the spadix and spathe, by berry color and by the shape of the petiole and apex of blade. The record of A. sarukban- fanum in Chiapas constitutes a consider- able range extension from the only site previously known in the state of Guerrero in west central Mexico. Fruit color is re- ported for the A. sarukbanianum for the first time. The species produces yellow-or- ange berries similar to the yellow berries of A. halmooreé: another species in section Pachyneurium from western Mexico. RESUMEN Anthurium sarukbanianum Croat & Haager es registrada para Chiapas, Méxi- co. Esta especie esta estrechamente rela cionada con A. halmoorei y A. schlecbten- dali, pero difiere del primero principal- mete en la forma del espadice y el peciolo en secci6n transversal y del segundo en la forma del espadice, espata, el color de las bayas y la forma del peciolo y apice de la lamina. El registro de A. sarukbanianum en Chiapas constituye un rango consider- able de distribucién, previamente conoci- do solo del estado de Guerrero. El color del fruto de A, sarukhanianum es repor- tado por primera vez. Esta especie pro- duce unas bayas amarillenta-anaranjada similar a las bayas amarillas de A. bal- moorei, otra especie en la secci6n Pachy- neurium. INTRODUCTION On January 23, 1998 during a floristic inventory of Triunfo Biosphere Reserve in the Pacific slopes of the Sierra Madre of Chiapas an unusual collection of Anthur- ium was made in the area (15°52'N, 93°07'W) (Figs. 1-5) which had promi- nently undulate leaf blades, a reddish spathe, clavate spadix and yellow-orange berries. This collection (Pérez-Farrera 1606a deposited at CHIP & MO) made by the junior author was found growing as an epiphyte in a Ficus tree in “Bosque Trop- ical Perennifolio” consisting of Styrax ar- genteus, Ficus sp., Quercus skinneri, Piper auritum, Piper sp., Chamaedorea quezal- teca and Chamaedorea graminifolia. The collection from Chiapas proved to be A. sarukhanianum Croat & Haager known previously only from the state of Guerrero in west Central Mexico (Croat, 1991). That species was collected for the first time by Jiri Haager in 1977 and was later determined to be a new species by Tom Croat during a visit to Prague (Croat, 1991). The original description containedTB CROAT, M. A. PEREZ-FARRERA, a Kiometers @ A. sorukhanianum ed 40 24 00 95 4095 20 93.0092 40 92 2092 00914091720 91009040 Fig. 1. Distribution map, Chiapas, Mexico. no description of the berries since they had not yet been seen. Anthurium sarukbanianum is closest to A, balmoorei from west central Mexico. It is also very similar to A. schlechtendalit Kunth which has a broad distributional range from SE Mexico to Belize, Guatema- la, Honduras and Nicaragua (Croat, 1983). The material of A. sarukbanianum from Chiapas is completely described in order to compare it with the type plant. Anthurium sarukbanianum Croat & Haager, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 78: 719. 1991. Figs. 2-5. Epiphytic; stem short; internodes to 3 cm diam., usually hidden by a dense mass of greenish roots; roots 8-12 mm. diam.; cataphylls thin, 4.8-6 cm long, acuminate, brownish when dry, some- time with exposed reticulate fibers; leaves 6-7, erect-spreading; petiole te- rete, 9.5-10 cm long, 8-10 mm diam., narrowly and acutely to obtusely sulcate; blades obovate to elliptic, 32-39 cm long, 8.5-12.5 cm wide, broadest at the middle, subcoriaceous, cuspidate at apex, acute to obtuse at base, strongly undulate along margins, dark green and semiglossy below; midrib almost flat- tened at base, becoming convex toward apex; primary lateral veins 5-6 pairs, arising at ca 50° angle; collective veins arising from the upper % of blade, 5-10AROIDEANA, Vi Fig. 2, Whole plant showing growth habit. Fig. 3. Roots, stem and cataphylls with base of petioles. Fig. 4. Inflorescence showing clavate spadix and reddish spathe.TB, CROAT, M. A. PEREZ-FARRERA, 2000 ange berries mm from the margin. Inflorescence shorter than the leaves: peduncle 14-15 cm long, 4-6 mm diam., terete to weakly sulcate; spathe reddish to purple with yellowish punctations, 3-3.5 cm long, 15-3 cm wide, rounded to retuse at apex, inserted at a 70° angle on pedun- cle; spadix clavate, brownish, 3-7.5 cm long, 5-7 mm diam. at base, 8 mm diam at apex; flowers square, 1-1.5 mm diam in both directions, the sides straight to akly curved. Infructescence arcuate with spathe green, persistent, to 8 cm long, 3.5 cm diam.; berries yellowish or- ange, globose to elliptic, 8-11 mm long, pericarp thin, mesocarp pulpy, yellow: ish; seeds 2-3, pale yellow, 6-7 mm long, 4~4.5 mm wide, elliptic to lanceo- late Anthurium sarukbanianum is a mem- ber of section Pachyneurium and in Chi pas it is known from “Bosque Tropical Perennifolio” (Rzedowski, 1978) al n ele- vational range of 800-1,000 m at the mid- die slope of the Pacific slope of the Sierra Madre of Chiapas in the Municipio de Pi- jijiapan The species is most closely related to A halmoorei as is evidenced by the rare presence of yellowish berries on both spe- cies. Anthurium balmoorei differs in hav- ing a cylindric-tapered spadix in contrast to a clavate spadix in A. sarukbanianum. Anthurium schlechtendablit is also appar ently closely related to A. sarukbanian- um. The latter species also occurs on the Pacific Coast in the Sierra Madre of Chia- pas but differs in the shape of the blade apex, the shape of the petiole and the col- or of the spathe, spadix and fruits. Specimens seen—MEXICO. Chiapas: Sier- ra Madre of Chiapas in the Municipio de Pijijiapan, Triunfo Biosphere Reserve, 15°52'N, 93°07'W, 800-1000 m, Pér rera 1606a (CHIP, MO). Guerrero: 2-2 N of Zihuantanejo, near sea level, Haager sn. (MO, MEXU, PR). CONCLUSIONS Anthurium sarukbanianum is endemic to western Mexico but has proven to be more widespread than previously be- lieved, Western Mexico has proven to con- tain a number of similar endemic taxa of Araceae including Anthurium faustomi- randae Pérez-Farrera & Croat sp. nov ined., A. halmoorei Croat, A. nizandense Matuda, A. rzedowskii Croat, A. shlechten- dalii subsp. jimenezi (Matuda) Croat, Phil: odendron basii Matuda and Philodendron dresslerii Bunting. Currently most of these have rather narrow known range but the discovery of A. sarukbanianum so far from the only other known collection in- dicates that more extensive collecting in western Mexico may prove important for other such dis -overies, ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would like to thank Maria Evange- lina Lopez Molina, Rigoberto Hernandez Jonapa and Jesus De La Cruz Rodriguez for help with field work, Mari A. Velaz-