Hydrocarbon Nomenclature ESTHER( 2nd priority)

- -oate
Other functional groups
- EX: ethanoate, propanoate.
- Structural units in a molecule which - Alkoxycarbonyl- (e.g. 2-
involve elements other than carbon and (methoxycarbonyl) acetic acid
hydrogen. -
AMIDE (3rd priority)
- Prefix: carbamoyl
- Remember: look for the longest chain *aminocarbonyl
with the functional group. - Suffix: Carboxamide
*amide
ALKYL HALIDES - ex: ethanamide
- Contain halogen atoms.
- Will always be prefixes of parent chains
- 4 Halogen atoms: ALDEHYDE (4th priority)
*Fluorine, fluoro- - Prefix: formyl
*Iodine, iodo- - Suffix: al
*Chlorine, chloro- - * carbaldehyde
*Bromine, bromo- - Ex: Ethanal
USES: - USES: Perfumes( canillin, citronella,
- Thyroid hormones- contain iodine etc.)
- Antibiotics (chloromycetin) - Preservatives( formaldehyde)
- Seafood Toxins - Embalming
- Synthetic pesticides and - disinfectant
herbicides(DDT,chlordane)
- Chlorofluorocabrons Those 4 priority will have Oxygen
double bond.
Those 4 belong in Carbonyl group.
ETHERS
- R-o-R (2 carbon atoms are bonded into
oxygen) KETONE (5th Priority)
- Short chain oxy parent chain. - Double bond oxygen attach to carbon
- EX. ETHOXY - Prefix: oxo
- USES: refrigerants, starter for engines, - Suffix: -one
antiseptic, anesthetic(diethyl ether) - Example: 2-Propanone
ethoxy ethane and cosmetic and
pharmaceutical products( PEG) ALCOHOL (6th Priority)
- Prefix: hydroxy-
st
CARBOXYLIX ACID(1 priority) - hydroxyl
- Acts as suffixes most of the time. - Suffix: - ol
- EX: Ethanoic - Ex: Methanol
- Carboxy- - OH- is the start of the chain.
- - Allyl alcohol- most common alcohol
- USES: disinfectant, solvent, alcoholic
beverages, and fuel

AMINE (7th priority)

- Prefix: amino-
- Suffix: -amine
- Ex: methylamine

BIOCHEM LAB

ALCOHOL: R-CH2-OH
Alpha Carbon: CH2

Primary- 2 hydrogen carbon

*If the OH is attach to the first carbon It

is primary.

CELL
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