Chapter 2 Network Configuration Designing Fast Ethernet (Standardization [TEEEBO2S organization [Access method |CSMA/CD [Communications T100BASE-TX | 100BASE-T4 | 100BASEFX medium Network iar configuration configuration, {Applicable cable | Twisted pair cable | Twisted pair cable | Optical fiber {ype category 5) (category 3.4.5) _|eable Maximum segment | 100m 100m engin (8) 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-T4, 100BASE-FX (100M Ethernet) There are three types of Ethernet networks that provide a transmission speed of 100 Mbps. 10OBASE-TX uses the UTP that conforms to the category 5 standard and transmits data over a pait of cables. 100BASE-T4 uscs the UTP that conforms to the category 3, 4, and 5 standards and transmits data over a 4-pair cabie. 100BASE-FX uses an optical fiber cable to transmit data, Types of UTP cables ‘With the increase in the demand for higher-speed IANS, the need for high- performance UTP cables is growing. To answer this need, BIA/TIA (EIA stands for Electronic Industries Association and TIA stands for Telecommunications Industries Association) classify the UTP cables as, follows: Classification Description Category3 | Applies to data transmissions of up to 10 Mbps {including voice communication). Category | Applies to date transmissions of up to 16 Mbps (including voice communication), CategoryS | Applies to deta transmissions of up to 100 Mbps including voice communication). CategorySe | Applies to data transmissions of up to 1000 Mbps (including voice communication). 24 Alt Rights Reserved, Copyright(c) 2003, Hitachi Information ‘Academy Ca...)‘Chapter 2 Network Configuration Designing Gigabit Ethemet [organization [Access method CSMAICD (Network configuration Siar configura (Communications T0008ASE-LX TO00BASE-T medium (TOOoBASE-SX L 4000BASE-CX | | | | (Star tion 1EEEGO3.32 TEEES02.3ab (4) 00BASE-CX, 1000BASE-SX, 1000BASE-LX, 1000BASE-T (Gigabit Bthernet) ‘The Ethernet access methods that provide the transmission speed of 100 Mbps include 1000BASE-X that is defined by IEEE 802,3z and 1000BASE-T that is defined by IEEE 802.32b. ‘The implementations of 100BASE-X include 1000BASE-LX, 1000BASE-SX, and 21000BASE-CX. They use the physical layer protocol that is used for the ANSI fiber channels. 1000BASE-T is a standard that uses the category 5 UTP cable. Since the category 5 UTP cable is originally designed for 100 Mbps transmission, enhanced category 5 is introduced as a new standard that can support the transmission spced of 1G bps. * Outline of Gigabit Ethernet standards Supported Physical Media | Diameter of Fiber i ‘Transmissi Core (in im) iam (in Mris) _|Distance(m) Multimode [225 a 330 1000BASE-LX [OP3EH Fiber | 50 300 350 eens (9 No limitation) 5000 160, 220 62.5 Multimode 200 275, TOOMBASE'SX | optical ber [55 400 500 300. 350 LOO0UBASE-CX_| Shielded balanced copper-wire cable 25 1000BASE-T. 4-pair UPT 100 25 A Rights Reserved, Copyright (=) 2003, Hfach! Information ‘cndemy Co, LeeChapter 2 Network Configuration Designing ‘Limitation to the number aaa of segments No. of segments <= 5 and PT: No. of co-sval segments <= 3| FRU: Optical ber CO-axal segment is 4@ @ CR i aan CO-axel segment mn - : g ‘at FRU lex = Link CO-axial segment (5) Limitation to the number of segments A series of cables that are used as the transmission media for a CSMA/CD network is called a segment and serves as the unit in which the network is constructed. There are limitations on the number of segments that can span over an arbitrary pair of end systems on the network in which the systems are connected by repeaters. This is required to ensure the reliable network operations such as the detection of transmitted data and collisions. (@ Ethemet (10 Mbps) The following limitation is placed on 10BASES, 10BASE2, 10BASE-T, and 10BASE-E: if segments to be passed <: ments <= 3 (Co-axial segment: A co-axial cable used in 10BASES and 10BASE2) (Link segment: A UTP used in 10BASE-T or optical fiber cable used in 10BASE-F) * Stackable HUB ‘Two or more HUBs cap be stacked using a stack cable. These HUBs are handled ag a single-stage HUB. 26 All Rights Reserved, Copycigit! (c) 2003, Hitachi Information ‘Acidemy Co, Lid‘Chapter 2 Network Configuration Designing ‘@ Limitation 2 to the number of segments + Fast Ethernet TPs ‘Ontos! UTP “Optical foe | finer a Glass Lg: 200 2008 m (arom wi Slone 200 ‘008 220 {atbhm Signs Hp lara T } 205 2182 28 (ettriohm + Gigabit Ethemet ures UTP | ootial her 210 we 200 CuTPs100, | (era)m Optical fiber19} | ' (b) 100M Ethernet The fast Ethernet uses two types of HUBs. ® Class I: Cascade connection (multi-stage HUBs) is not supported, Relaying is possible by the use of digital processing (interconversion between 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-FX, and 100BASE-14). ® Class Tl: Cascade connection of up to 2 stages is possible. Digital processing is not supported. (© Gigabit Ethemet The repeaters in a Gigabit Ethernet network cannot be cascaded, They are used to connect fo switches or routers. They also connect to servers supporting the Gigabit Ethemet. 27 AU Rights Reserved, Copreight(@) 2003, Hitch Information ‘Academy Co, LtdChapter 2 Network Configuration Designing, @Token ring ‘Transmission speed: 4/16 Mbps ‘Transmission media: ‘Shielded twisted pair cable, unshielded twisted pair cable 2.1.2 Token Ring Ina token ring network, the end systems circulate the transmission right (token) to control communication. Baseband system: Only one signal can travel over a transmission channel. @Control of the transmission right is required. * Token (transmission right) control (token passing system) The token ring access method supports transmission speeds of 4 Mbps and 16 Mbps. The token ring access method excels in transmission efficiency but suffers from the disadvantages of high price and less supporting vendors. 28 Al Rights Reserved, Copyright (¢) 2003, Hkach! Information “Academy Co,, LadChapter 2. Network Configuration Designing Wireless LAN | . a i Wired LAN | a Access point Cordless terminal A *, Cordless terminal (card type) v ga s S “gone terminal type) 2.1.3 Wireless LAN Wircless LANs are standardized by IEEE802.11b and other standards and have the following features: + The CSMA/CA (Cattier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) access method is used in which each device that wants to transmit its data checks that no communication is being done over the channel. + A transmission speed of 11 Mbps and a transmission distance of 100 m are supported. *+ Supports the infrastructure mode in which access points are used and the ad-hoc, mode in which the wireless LAN cards control communication. * 10 to 20 terminals can attach to a single access point. + The frequency (communications channel) can be specified. + Uses SSID which identifies the access point. + Encryption using WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) Wireless LANs dispense with the need for cabling and are easy to install but their transmission speeds are lower than those of wired LANs aad highly susceptible to electromagnetic obstacles and the transmission distance. Standard | (EB802.11 | THERSO211a | TEEPS02.11b | TEERO2. Nig name Transmissl_| IM.2Mbps | ~S4Mbps ~1IMbps ~S4Mibps on speed [Frequency [2.4GHz band | SGHz band ZaGHz band | 2:4GHz band 29 ADRights Reserved, Copyright () 2003, Hitachi Information ‘Academy C2, Lat