Chapter 5 Reliability-oriented DesignChapter 5 Reliability-oriented Design Downtime and allowed time eined [Aired [ERRTOTTON | Down Tee TNO] TTT] Benet even | Tere Seen Used Satie Yas fees “YBa aaa Tear (iat) | DNS seca ‘ion Frewas Teena aE Reset Ren aT Lo patton | Seatbene 1S | Bh” — | Bat dower = sem” [wah Dar eror Baal poteston ster Ta aT oat Tins stabs C85 Spe = fan | wan Dae Dal ieheuse wep seme Tat ane | Ton ea Tans | Hiegene [ah Een Soon eh ronmales—— iesene: | eats Dekerar [Sh phan [al Nea a [a eat Ot Taisbe | Feenare [ai [Basen down [eh onwniasons_— lesen | Orison 2 Dik erat [12h Foleo |= ich Neiwon erat 2h ecupmest [Gua aoa ar ae et oo Netw ot [72 piel [= 5. Reliability-oriented Design 5.1 Reliability Policy (1) Determining the reliability policy Review the down time and allowed time from the standpoints of system configuration and applications to determine the reliability policy. Also. make a study of management systems such as redundant or standby paths Gines) or maintenance systems such as onsite maintenance and periodic maintenance. (2) Reliability design Select the technologies to be introduced according to the policy you established, The table below summarizes the major technologies for improving network reliability. Level Tem Description Ethernet | Spanning tree ‘Redundant path control Link aggregation _| Redundant link 1P Dynamic routing | Redundant paths ‘VRRP ‘Redundant address Server | Cluster ‘Redundant server configuration RAID ‘Redundant disk configuration Load balancing, Load distribution 54 ‘Rit tore, apg (2009 Hae Tnformation Academy CChapter 5 Reliability-oriented Design Spanning tree etn © Datarmipanobbuldas according to bridge priority ! © Determine saute accorcing to cast | — Se =e Gal=|— cost we | cao Bdge pronty 130 D (go) E (5) A F301] [ssl ) :Root bridge (bridge with lowest bridge priority) ee LAN4 © :Forwarding bridge {used as a pathway route) © -Backup bridgev 5.2 Spanning Tree ‘The spanning tree system is a routing protocol for connecting together mainly IEEES02.3 compatible LANs. When the end sysiems form a loop configuration in which two or more paths exist through bridges between the communicating end systems, the spanning tree function automatically selects one of them to establish the correct communications route. The bridges automatically update the routing information by exchanging’ control information called the hello message (BPDU). 52 All Rights Reserved, Copysight () 2003, tae Information Aredeniy Coy LedChapter 5 Reliability-oriented Design Link aggregation ] G *100Mbps x 4 4 =400Mbps The communication between switches can be speeded up by bundling some links into a high-speed link. This is called link aggregation and standardized as IEEE802.1ad. For example, four 100 Mbps links can be aggregated into a 400 Mbps link. ‘When one of the links goes down, communication is automatically succeeded by the remaining thrce links (at 300 Mbps), so that they can be used as a redundancy configuration. The method of aggregating links differs from vendor to vendor. The user in a multivendor environment, therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the cross connectivity the environment. 53 All Rights Reserved, Copyrtaht (6) 2003, Hitachi {Information Acudemy Co.,LidChapter 5 Relisbility-oriented Design Dynamic routing Normal route OO Router +—{ Router |—-| router DO Ne eS ~ Update route soe formation as uit Errorstime route service being added 5.4 Redundant Paths Redundant paths can be constructed by performing dynamic routing between routers or between a router and a server. + RIP (Routing Information Protocol) RIP is a routing protocol that determines the path based on the hop count of the router. RIP takes a long time to propagate update information when a network is added or an error occurs. + OSPF (Open Shorted Path Fast} PSPF is a routing protocol that determines the path according to the cost that the administrator defined for each network. OSPF allows free path management and takes little time to propagate the network configuration information. However, some routers or servers provide no support for OSPF ‘because its protocol is highly complex. a4 al Riserva Capi 0) 205, aes Inforadon Acadony Co, Tt