Vocabulary Workshop Level D Unit 1 English 9A

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1. admonish v. to caution or advise against something; to 13. opinionated adj. stubborn and often unreasonable in
scold mildly; to remind of a duty holding to one"s own ideas, having a closed
Synonyms: reprimand, call on the carpet mind
Antonyms: praise, pat on the back Synonyms: obstinate, pigheaded, inflexible
Antonyms: open-minded, reasonable
2. breach n. an opening, gap rupture, rift; a violation or
infraction; 14. perennial adj. lasting for a long time, persistent;
v. to create an opening, break through n. a plant that lives for many years
Antonyms: (v.) close, seal Synonyms: (adj.) enduring, recurring
Antonyms: (adj.) brief, short-lived, fleeting,
3. brigand n. a bandit, robber, outlaw, highwayman
ephermeral
4. circumspect adj. careful, cautious
15. predispose v. to incline to beforehand
Synonyms: wary, prudent, guarded
Synonyms: tending to, liable to
Antonyms: incautious, rash, reckless, heedless
Antonyms: immunize against, shield from
5. commandeer v. to seize for military or official use
16. relinquish v. to let go, give up
Synonyms: take over, requisition, expropriate
Synonyms: surrender
6. cumbersome adj. clumsy, hard to handle; slow-moving Antonyms: hold on to, keep, cling to
Synonyms: ponderous, difficult,
17. salvage v. to save from fire or shipwreck;
uncomfortable
n. property thus saved
Antonyms: manageable, easy to handle
Synonyms: (v.) recover, retrieve, reclaim
7. deadlock n. a standstill resulting from the opposition of Antonyms: (v.) abandon, scrap, junk
two equal forces or factions;
18. spasmodic adj. sudden and violent but brief; fitful;
v. to bring to such a standstill
intermittent
Synonyms: (n.) standoff, impasse
Synonyms: irregular, occasional
Antonyms: (n.) agreement, accord,
Antonyms: steady, continuous, chronic
breakthrough
19. spurious adj. not genuine, not true, not valid
8. debris n. scattered fragments, wreckage
Synonyms: false, counterfeit, fraudulent,
Synonyms: remains, detritus, flotsam and
bogus
jetsam
Antonyms: genuine, authentic, bona fide, valid
9. diffuse v. to spread or scatter freely or widely;
20. unbridled adj. uncontrolled, lacking in restraint
adj. wordy, long-winded, or unfocused;
Synonyms: unrestrained, unchecked
scattered or widely spread
Antonyms: restrained, held in check, muted
Synonyms: (v.) disperse; (adj.) verbose, prolix
Antonyms: (v.) concentrate; (adj.) brief,
concise, succinct
10. dilemma n. a difficult or perplexing situation or
problem
Synonyms: predicament, quandary, pickle,
bind
Antonyms: cinch
11. efface v. to wipe out; to keep oneself from being
noticed
Synonyms: blot out, erase, expunge
12. muddle v. to make a mess of; muddle through: to get
by;
n. a hopeless mess
Synonyms: (v.) jumble, mess up: (n.)
confusion, disorder
Antonyms: (n.) orderliness, neatness