Lessen (2) plane Geometry Part G)| 20% Fmsat1 EXE 4} Viangles Fifth Gens 2) TF Zwo Sides of O Fale are Congruent, Lhen Lhe angles opposite the Congfuent sides ave Congruent See - oe - sr | AARC i: is 5 Isoceles } AB = -BC (hen ZBAC = =ZBCA- | A c | BL = hich of the fo lowing Could be the. dente measures of the angles of ‘an isoceles triangle ¢ @ Yo, 42 80 ~=@Y5, 45,30 @ 30, 5% 40 ® gory @ Donly oom Q Ow only oe Sol- - Sum of interior angles -@ dordot %o = \6e Or iad (False) 7 For isoceles 7 CYiangle (By iSoceles Wiangle Woven) two angles must be equa) in measure. . Conect Answer is b sich Cringe 2 quali éy (The Sum of lengths of anyewo Sides of a triangle is svete Chan the lénath of he third Side.See Ex. are the following Sides 3,5 And forming Criansle oY Not ? By TYiangle 1 lity Sa aS Prange equal’) 345 >g (Not True) 34+8>5 Se 548 73 “- It is impossible to have a Cyiangle. nn x. hich sets of numbers Could be che lengths of sides of a triangle 7 DF> Ws 25 DEAF D1, 23 @ donly @QDomy © only Odom Day Sal. : F424 >25 Sz | 142 23 Wet erue) FAW peg \ or 245>F | =D a5 < SS> Soy the Conect answer 1S 3 seventh ( Pythagorean theoren) The sum of Lhe Squales of the \engths, of the legs equals the quate of the length of Che hypotenuse.~Some Common sides for (Psthagorean theoten) page 21 Cc Ex. Find the length of a Yectangle Whose width is 5m ang Whose diaGona) de 18On . sae] (on, Ry tha aes Thecten) 54 XK =13° 25 + x= 169 x2 ; % P> oo x KF (Saq\ene vight| ae vight ‘ie : ~ erangle J eviongle 2X: one leg of a d5~ oe is locm long: | Ray es is its hypocenuse 7 a be “measure of af hypoceuiae . fat, m Z\=2% and ME2=X L af? a Find che measure of LF Sol: 1 Me ame 2) =1g0° i neat Pair > Supplementay) w+ A =lBo 3X aigo > ATE <5 - MED =M(ZF) [aldevnate exterar angie] - m(Z7)= D2 heii \20° 5) Polygons —— tt Consists of line Segments Connected endpoint to endpoint me is MA > psn ee Re _ Ttis ome ‘Comets one Vertex Zo cee ver Zex (non consec utive verter). iagona\ ee aa Say aReguiar PlyJon yy Both Equi angulay) and €quiladera (1 angles ave equa) (Avs es ate quai EL) Gore ig are Pied Square js a vequiar Polygon} _ — - oS (sees of palygons Alame of Padl¥gon Nagler of Si) 5 poesne exist 3 Tyiangle aS eae 4 Quadrilateral oes 4 5 | Rertagon \ ces Hexagon a << 8 oCta Jon ) to ORG Nonajon \ ere QeCajon ) | Hen decagen or UndeCagon Do deCa4onshe Number of diagonals = AU0=3) snsVevzex Y Side EX. How many total diagonals Can You D¥aw iM an Octa Joys Dol. -» Octagon has nsB’ sides a “aan BBD 3 Total diagonals = 2 Se) =20 disap, ao! ee i of a polygon is the sum wi) of \engchs lengths ofits sides) a poe See Ss a ee a mae" perimeter = a+btC4 dent on masa a Ex: ging the pevimezey of a Yequiar pentagon whose sides measure 13 Cm ~= Yegulay pentagon hasn-B Sides 2. perimeter of a Yeqular pentagon = \3+|3+)3+13+|3 =5xX13 = 65 Gm Ex. Aquadrilateva) has sides X, 3X 4X! and 2X+3. Find Lhe length of che \onjest Side, Jiven the Perimeter is 7Z2Cm ~- Perimeter is the sum ae ths of all four sides. (quadyi K+BXt4X-\ 42X43 = 233 ' 26s. ( lay \oX42 =72 => \0X=72-2=Fo tt NaF SONWSe side YX-\ = HF-| =28-1=27—thivs (sum of interior Angles ) sum of measures of angles of a Poly gon= 1g0 (n-2) where is the numbey of Sides E& ping the measure of each angle in a regular decagan For Yequlay hetseon (number of sides) n Slo 2. Suma measure of Ongleso$ yequlay decagon e Ge -2) = 1440 > measue of each Angle = Sn otmensute ofars = ldde -\yq? \o El: Each of the following statements is true Except a e number of Sides of a Polygon, the @ the lawyer th greater the sumo ids interior Angles. @the sum at the interior Angles of 0 polygon is always tx multiple of \80. © there is a Polygon Whose interior angles add up to Joo @ There is % PolyJan whose interior angles ad) upto Boo © any interior and exterior angles of a yegula Polygon are supplementary. . So Bol. ~- multiple of 130 is Trio zlgo | 5X180=39° (Ix1504¢20 é 2x \Bo = 350 | 6X 180 =|08 2 Boe" Not multiple of [Bo 3X \Gor5go|#XI30 =\25° 8X 130 6 EXLevioy angles ~\Sumof all exdevn angles = 380" = meosute of each exterior angle = 22 = 60° TE EX. The measure of each inzevior angle of a Yegular Polygon is 120° move than its adjacent exterior angle. Wow many Sides does the Polygon have 7 Sol- let X= the adjacent extevioy angle. \204% = measure of each interior angle. cere -- Copderior bagie OF © Polygon +(2dh aa ox teed) = 180 KES FK=TES SS AKO > 2X=l$0 -|20 = 0624=60 D> X= =30 aNaige? [P3e23) + Sum of all. exterior argles) 2 353° a X= 360 30 N= 360 2. Munber of F sige n& 32 =\2 Sides @ x terior Ong)es ee cigth (special cial Quadrilaterals) Qquadrilaceral SC ay ie at i Aguadrilaceral Ww" actly on ¥ eS of potalle| sijes. A ZYapeZeid Can also be right © of iso@les ss ae pavallele gram [A quadti 7 qith Ewo Pails of paralle| Sides. RB //DC AD /] Be RhombusDefinition An equilazeral ang equiangular Para tlelogvam. An equilazeral vecta, D an equi ae quiangular rhombus @ A Yegulay parallelogram {Reise eee pac ( RO /Be YAD= Be bad Chee beec Se os pense Quadrilaceral EX: Given parallelogram ABC ow is true Rae am BECD, each of che Fallowng Statements @A pair of opposize sides is parallel and Congruent. © Poth pairs af opposize angles o1e Congttent. © The diagonals are perpendicular. @ The diagonals bisect each other: © Mipais of Consecutive Angles ave supplementary. ‘ Sel. ~ Diagonals ef a parallelogram bisect €ach other but not perpendicular. oe So» The Correct answer is C 4 sim ilayity — Fivst (Ratio and Proton) A Yatio) ‘is the simplest form when it is impossible to divide the ceims by Q Common factor vigger thant . {2-or a:b}Ek oe Lhe yatio of the lengths of Segmert AB [Page 34 Zo segment TD is 315 And AB=15 Cm, find che measure of Segment CD - Sol- Let X= measue of seymert SD 5 AB=15 Gm . measwefAB_ 3 » 16 => measue of) | Poe SG ( G25.) 3X =5(\5) => X= ee) - 25 cm 2-H = 250m then ad=be Boao Bed Ex. The mensutes of the angles ofa triangle are in the yotio of 2:34. ind Zhe measure of the smallest angle - sum of angles Bek cyiangle =\80° Sg BRAK = 18° 9X =\30 2 Keng =Zo she smallest angle = 2X = 2(20) = 42 ———_ Bk wide the vatio 4 r in Simplesz form ax18 a(x) 2 20e Fe = ODE) - 2(033) Secon) (Simi)ay “TWangles) AABC ~ AXYZ (reads triangle ABC is Similar Zo eng XYZTr oO Corresponding angles) ave Congtuent. (PME 32 @ Corres ponding Gidesjove prop Proportional lengths EX Each of the fo\lowing stazement’s is Crue Except ® pay wo equilazera) Zriangles are similar. © Any two isoceles ¢riangles ave Similar. © Any Zwo Congiuent polygons are Similar. Q Any Gwo Squayes ave similar. Sol: ~Tsoeles triangles may of May not have the Same aie Avie (AN) em(ecad) = 2m(22xY) (angle) ay & omic -niezys) (aoe) = axte~ AABC Git) @ Side Angle Site GAS) oy (angle) a xyz) ve) @mEaw) =” m DES @ ABXY = Be opps “DRBC ~AXYZ (Similar)@® side Side side SSS) [page 33] — x — Ld Sy Bey Z |. Be:1z ang Before ona) [CAE Zot XYZ Gimilar) WABCO A A Tsk tO AW . ne our 2 aa. (By V.0.8)8) Gitcles List ( Choy as) (A chord} is a segment Whose endpoints ave onthe civcle. PY KB Cho : i Os AB Chord is & Chord Passes Ehtough Cente of Civcle. A iB M:Centey of Circle AB diameter WA =MB =Yadins of Circle AseCant line) Fe indersects a Civcle at exactly two Points e = s+ TR secant | Note that La | 4 Bh LDE then Mbisects De y 9 ¢ o>; A segment fom the Center of a Civcle 8 { perpendicular to Chord bisects the Chord TF FARE then W-zw €hords) st two Chotds ave Congtuent if they LN | ave equally distant from center of Civcle ee eS BX coh of the folowing stazements is Crue Except: @® chord of a Civcle Could also be a diamezer. DA radius of a Civcle Can never be a Chord:OIF Cwo Circles ate Congyuent, chen hey LPAI 35] diameters ave Congyuent. @ aF XY is a secant of a Ciele, then XY is also achorg of Cirde- = Sol- 7 =< KY js secant hae but not Chord. the covect answer is d t second (Tangent's Atangent Co acivcle}is a Vine intersects Q Circle at exactly one point and perpendicular Zo 2 Yagius Q Tangent Seine oS (exter) AB tangent to Circle ¥ DB -L MB (iadiss) ee ee EX: EX ta cthe Figure below, Re and TS ale Tangent Segments, So=\o » St=8 ond m (C105) = 53° Find OT,RS and mERso) Cw s R Sol: RS =TS Since both ave Cargentseaments from the ~RS=8 Same exterior Point Ss. -- (Tange § sequent Perpendicular Zo Yadiuy. TS LOT pws iv Like Zriange ae (Fiom Pythagorean Theo/em) (st. to=s3]g+ OT = lo => 64 +0T =l00 oe OY =< \00 - 64-36 > oe6 For AOTS (LOST) = 180 - (904 53) =|90-l43 = 37° - m(Z osT) and m(ZRS5e) ave Cormruent. , m(2RSe) =37°