Facultad de Ingenierı́a

Departamento de Matemáticas, Fı́sica

y Estadı́stica
Probabilidad y Estadı́stica II

TALLER PREPARCIAL

Nota: Este taller está propuesto como complemento a las actividades realizadas en clase y dirigidas por
cada uno de los docentes. Sirve de guı́a respecto a la totalidad de temas que se planea evaluar al concluir la
quinta semana de clases.

1. Ejercicios propuestos
1. The response time of a web server is a random variable X with density function
α·x2
f (x; α) = α · x · e− 2

where x > 0 y α > 0.

(a) Find the maximum likelihood estimator for α.

(b) Assume tha the following n = 20 response times are collected:

3.1 1.5 2.3 3.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.7 2.1
2.6 2.6 2.8 1.8 2.7 2.4 1.4 2.1 1.7 2.2

Estimate α
b using this information.

2. Assume that the number of domestic accidentes is a random variable X with Poisson
distribution. The following data are the observed frequencies of occurrence of domestic
accidents:

# Accidents 0 1 2 3 4 5
Frequency 447 132 42 21 3 2

Find the maximum likelihood estimator for the average number of domestic accidents.
What can you conclude with the sample information?
Probabilidad y Estadı́stica II Página 2 of 3

3. An electrical firm manufactures light bulbs that have a length of life that is
approximately normally distributed with standard deviation of 40 hours. If a sample
of 30 bulbs has an average life of 780 hours, find a 98 % confidence interval for the
population mean of all bulbs produced by this firm.

4. The operations manager of a large production plant would like to estimate the mean
amount of time a worker takes to assemble a new electronic component. Assume that
the standard deviation of this assembly time is 3.6 minutes.

(a) After observing 120 workers assembling similar devices, the manager noticed that
their average time was 16.2 minutes. Construct a 92 % confidence interval for the
mean assembly time.
(b) How many workers should be involved in this study in order to have the mean
assembly time estimated up to ±15 seconds with 92 % confidence?

5. A factory employs 1500 workers. As a factory employment manager you need to retire
some workers. Instead of asking everybody about whether they would like to be retired,
you selected a random sample of 120 workers and 80 of them prefer to be retired.
Construct a 95 % confidence interval for the proportion of all workers in the plant who
prefer their own retirement.

6. A car battery importer received a large shipment of batteries. These batteries known
to have a normally distributed operating life. A random sample of n = 15 car batteries
with a mean operating life of 600 days and a standard deviation of 50 days is picked
from this shipment. Construct the 90 % confidence interval for the unknown mean
operating life of the entire shipment.

7. Una empresa está interesada en lanzar un nuevo producto al mercado. Tras realizar
una campaña publicitaria, se toma la muestra de 1 000 habitantes, de los cuales, 25 no
conocı́an el producto. A un nivel de significación del 1 % ¿apoya el estudio la hipótesis
de que más del 3 % de la población no conoce el nuevo producto?

8. Incomes of two normally distributed populations are being studied. The variances are
σ12 = $508 and σ22 = $425. Two randomly selected samples of sizes n1 = 40 and n2 = 60
produced mean x1 = 2520 and x2 = 1950, respectively. Construct a 95 % confidence
interval of the difference of the two population incomes.

9. The fraction of defective items produced by two different processes is to be estimated.

Two random samples from the two processes were taken. In the process 1, 24 units were
found defective in a sample of 1200. In the process 2, 15 units were found defective in
a sample of 1500. Construct a 90 % confidence interval on the difference in the fraction
of defective items.

10. Cuando las ventas medias, por establecimiento autorizado, de una marca de relojes caen
por debajo de las 170000 unidades mensuales, se considera razón suficiente para lanzar
una campaña publicitaria que active las ventas de esta marca. Para conocer la evolución
de las ventas, el departamento de marketing realiza una encuesta a 51 establecimientos
Probabilidad y Estadı́stica II Página 3 of 3

autorizados, seleccionados aleatoriamente, que facilitan la cifra de ventas del último mes
en relojes de esta marca. A partir de estas cifras se obtienen los siguientes resultados:
media = 169411,8 unidades, desviación estándar = 32827,5 unidades. Suponiendo que
las ventas mensuales por establecimiento se distribuyen normalmente, con un nivel de
significancia del 5 % y en vista a la situación reflejada en los datos. ¿Se considerará
oportuno lanzar una nueva campaña publicitaria?

2. Respuestas
2n
b = P 2 (b) α
1. (a) α b = 0.3506
xi

2. λ
b = x = 0.4665

3. (763.011, 796.989)

4. (a) 15.625 < µ < 16.775 (b) n = 636

5. 0.582 < p < 0.751

6. 577.262 < µ < 622.738

7. No existe evidencia estadı́stica suficiente para suponer que más del 3 % de la población
no conoce el nuevo producto, con un p-valor de 0.823 y una significancia de 0.01. ma

8. 561.282 < µ1 − µ2 < 578.718, el ingreso de la muestra 1 es yor que el de la muestra 2.

9. 0.002 < p1 − p2 < 0.018

10. No existe evidencia estadı́stica suficiente para lanzar la campaña publicitaria con un
p-valor de 0.449 y significancia de 0.05

Referencias
Anderson, D. and Sweeney, D. (2008). Estadı́stica Para Administración y Economı́a.
International Thomson Editores, S. A. de C. V.

Levin, R. and Rubin, D. (2004). Estadı́stica para administración y economı́a. Pearson

Educación.

Triola, M., Ayala, L., and Ramı́rez, R. (2012). Estadistica. Pearson Education.

Walpole, R., Myers, R., and Myers, S. (2012). Probabilidad y estadı́stica para ingenieros.
Pearson: Educación. Pearson Educación.