NARRATIVE TEXT

A. Definition of Narrative Text

Mentioned that A narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain people (teks narasi
adalah cerita imaginatif yang bertujuan menghibur orang).

If you look at the English dictionary, narrative literally means (1) a spoken or written
account of connected events: a story. (2) the narrated part of a literary work, as distinct
from dialogue. (3) the practice or art of narration.

narrative text, narrative text examples

Story Narrative Text
(Narrative means: 1. Either a spoken or written story about the events related. 2. Part is
told in a literary work, as opposed to dialogue. 3. Practice or art of storytelling)

If concluded, it is a narrative text is a text which contains a story either written or

unwritten, and there are a series of connected events.

B. Communicative goals Narrative Text

Communicative goals Narrative Text as described above is to entertain listeners or

readers on a story or stories relating to the past experience of the real, imaginary or
complicated events leading to a crisis, which eventually came to a solution.

C. Generic Structure Narrative Text

Any type of English text (genre) has the structure of the text on their own. Structure of
Narrative Text consists of three parts:

1. Orientation
  In the Orientation section contains an introduction or the introduction of a character in
the story and when and where it happened. It is about the opening paragraph where the
characters of the story are introduced.(berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu
terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa, kapan dan dimana) 

2. Complication
In the overview section contains the emergence Complication crisis or problems
experienced by the characters in the story that had to be solved. Where the problems in
the story developed. (Permasalahan muncul / mulai terjadi dan berkembang)
 
3. Resolution
In the Resolution section describes how the characters of the story to solve the existing
 problems in the Complication. Usually there is more than one Resolution for the
Complication. Where the problems in the story is solved. Masalah selesai, --- secara baik
"happy ending" ataupun buruk "bad ending".

Sometimes the arrangement (generic structure) can contain text narrative: Orientation,
Complication, Evaluation, Resolution and reorientation. Although the "Evaluation" and
"reorientation" is optional; may be added and could not. Evaluation provides assessment
/ evaluation of the course of the story or conflict. While reorientation contain final
conclusions of the contents of the story.

If you are adept at making the story narrative, its structure can be changed, the most
important parts of the above are still present in the narrative.

In some references about the Narrative Text, there are additional generic structure on
Narrative Text, ie the addition of Coda after resoultion. So the composition of Narrative
text is orientiation, Complication, Resolution and Coda.

Coda is the last part of the Narrative Text structure that contains the changes in the
figures and the lessons to be learned from the story.

D. Linguistic characteristics of Narrative Text

On the Narrative Text, there are some characteristics are as follows:

 Using the Action Verb in the Past Tense form. For example: climbed, Turned,
Brought, etc.
 Using specific nouns as pronouns, certain animals and objects in the story. For
example: the king, the queen, and so on.
 Using Adjectives which form the noun phrase. For example: long black hair, two red
apples, etc.
 Using connectives and Conjunctions Time to sort events. For example: then, before,
after, soon, etc.
 Using Adverbs and adverbial Phrase to indicate the location of the incident or event.
For example: here, in the mountain, happily ever after, etc.
E. Example of Narrative Text

Snow White

Orientation
 
Once upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her Aunt
and Uncle because her parents were dead.

Complication 1
 
One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle
because they both wanted to go to America and they didn’t have enough money to take
Snow White.
 
Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt to do this so she decided it would be best
if she ran away. The next morning she ran away from home when her Aunt and Uncle
were having breakfast. She ran away into the woods.

 
Resolution 1
 
Then she saw this little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside
and fell asleep.
 

Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside. There
they found Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The
dwarfs said, “what is your name?” Snow White said, “My name is Snow White.”
 
Doc, one of the dwarfs, said, “If you wish, you may live here with us.” Snow White said,
“Oh could I? Thank you.” Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and finally
Snow White and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever after.
 Snow White
Once upon a time, there lived a little girl named Snow White.  She lived with her aunt
and uncle because her parents were dead.
One day, she heard her uncle and aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle
because they both wanted to go to America and they didn’t have enough money to take
Snow White.
Snow White did not want her uncle and aunt to do this, so she decided it would be best
if she ran away.  The next morning, she ran away from home when her aunt and uncle were
having breakfast.  She ran away into the woods.
She was very tired and hungry.  Then, she saw this little cottage.  She knocked, but no
one answered, so she went inside and fell asleep.
Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work.  They went inside. There
they found Snow White sleeping.  Then Snow White woke up.  She saw the dwarfs.  The
dwarfs said, ”What’s your name?” Snow White answered, “My name is Snow White.”
The other dwarfs asked, “If you wish, you may live here with us.” Snow White said, “Oh,
could I? Thank you!” Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story, and the seven
dwarfs lived happily ever after.

1.      What kind of text is it?

a. Narrative                                                          
b. Analytical Exposition
c. News item
d. Hortatory Exposition
e. Report

2.      What is the communicative purpose of the story?

a. To entertain the readers
b. To describe the way things
c. To retell an event with humorous twist
d. To persuade by presenting arguments or to analyze or explain
e. To persuade the readers or the listeners that something should or should not
be the case

3.      What is the generic structure of the story?

a. Orientation – Complication – Resolution
b. Orientation – Events – Twist
c. Identification – Description
d. Identification – Events – Reorientation
e. Thesis – Arguments – Reiteration 

4.      What kind of tenses is used in the story?

a. Present Simple                                   
b. Past Simple     
c. Present Continuous                       
d. Past Continuous
e. Present Perfect
5.      …….because her parents were dead. (p.2)
The synonym of the underlined word is……
a. Lived   b. Loved          c. Passed away  d. Ran away e. kind

Text 2
Cinderella
Long, long time ago, there lived a beautiful girl named Cinderella.  Her parents passed
away, she lived with her step mother and step sisters.  Cinderella was very sad everyday
because she had to do the housework alone.
One day, the king wanted to find the wife if his son.  He invited all the beautiful girls to
come.  Cinderella was very sad because her step sister did not let her go.  Her sisters went
to the palace without Cinderella.
Luckily, The Angel cam and helped Cinderella to go to the palace.  In the palace,
Cinderella danced with the Prince.  He fell in love with her; then he married her.  They lived
happily ever after.

6.   What kind of text is it?

a.    Descriptive         b. News item               c. Spoof           d. Narrative                 e. Recount

7.   What is the communicative purpose of the story?

a.    To entertain the readers
b.   To describe the way things
c.    To retell an event with humorous twist
d.   To describe particular person, place or things
e.    To persuade the readers or the listeners that something should or should not be the
case

8.   What is the generic structure of the story?

a.    Orientation – Complication – Resolution
b.   Orientation – Events – Twist
c.    Identification – Description
d.   Identification – Events – Reorientation
e.    Thesis – Arguments – Reiteration  To report something

9.   Her parents passed away. (p.1)

The synonym of the underlined word is………
a.       Ran away          b. dead          c. went away      d. go away      e. far away

10.  Which statement is not true?

a. Cinderella was young.                         
b. The Angel helped Cinderella.              
c. The King had a son.
d. The King married Cinderella
e. The Prince married Cinderella