Cheong Gye Cheon Restoration Project: - A Revolution in Seoul

Cheong Gye Cheon Restoration Project
- a revolution in Seoul -
Dr In-Keun LEE
Director-General / Office of Waterworks
Formerly Cheong Gye Cheon Project
Seoul Metropolitan Government
ICLEI 2006 1
Before After
ICLEI 2006 2
Content
Introduction
Seoul and Cheong Gye Cheon
Cheong Gye Cheon 2002
The Restoration Project
Background
Outline
Challenges
Progress
Final Remarks
ICLEI 2006 3
Introduction
- Seoul and Cheong Gye Cheon
ICLEI 2006 4
Seoul at a glance
Capital city of Korea for o

ver 600 years
Area : 605.6 km2
Population : 10.3 M
City Centre
Han river
ICLEI 2006 5
Cheong Gye Cheon
Cheong Gye Cheon

CBD
Catchment area: 61 km2

Length: 13.7 km
Width: 20~85 m
ICLEI 2006 6
Old map of Seoul
ICLEI 2006 7
Early 20C
ICLEI 2006 8
Problem: sanitation
ICLEI 2006 9
Solution: covering
ICLEI 2006 10
Covering work
(1958~1977)
ICLEI 2006 11
Cheonggye Highway
(1967~1971)
ICLEI 2006 12
Highway in 1990s
ICLEI 2006 13
ICLEI 2006 14
Cheong Gye Cheon Area
Building: over 6,000

over 100,000 small shops
Nation’s biggest commercial area
ICLEI 2006 15
Cheong Gye Cheon Area
ICLEI 2006 16
Declining old CBD
CBD redevelopment stopped where the Ch

eonggye Expressway started
Population and employment reduced

Population: 40,000
Employment: 80,000 in 10 years
Business headquarters moved to Gangnam

(new sub-center)
Industries in CBD lost competitiveness
ICLEI 2006 17
Safety problem
9 Over all “C”, partially “D”or “E”

ICLEI 2006 18
Safety problem
Only small cars were allowed from 1997

Maintenance cost soared: US$50M (’94~’99)
ICLEI 2006 19
- Background
- Outline
- Challenges
- Progress
ICLEI 2006 20
Decision to restore: July 2002
ICLEI 2006 21
Why restore?
Paradigm shift of urban management

Development ÆHigh quality of life
Environment-friendly city
Fundamental solution to safety problem

Recovery of history and culture
Revitalisation of downtown area
Balanced regional development
ICLEI 2006 22
- Background
- Outline
- Challenges
- Progress
ICLEI 2006 23
Site location
Total length: 5.84 km
Section 1 (L=2.04km) Section 2 (L=2.1km) Section 3 (L=1.7km)
ICLEI 2006 24
Demolition
Covered structure and highway: 5.4 km
Waste (concrete+asphalt): 872,400ton (96% recycled)
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
ICLEI 2006 25
River design
Design Criteria
• Satisfy with the 2nd grade local river standard
• Secure the stream capacity for 200 years frequency rainfall (118mm/hr)
Flood Level: estimated by numerical model and corrected using hydrau
lic model test
HWL (200yrs)
ICLEI 2006 26
Water supply
Waterway plan
• Width: more than 20% of main waterway width
• Depth: more than 40 cm
• Flow velocity: 0.24 m/sec
• Measures to prevent water loss
Water supply plan

• Water from the Han river: 120,000 ton/day
• Underground water from subway stations: 22,000 ton/day
Water quality: better than the 2nd grade

• BOD: 3mg/l or less • Total N: 10 mg/l or less
• SS: 25 mg/l or less • Total P: 1 mg/l or less
• DO: 5 mg/l or less
ICLEI 2006 27
Sewer system
Design Criteria
• Combined sewer system for rainfall and wastewater
• Capacity : 3 times of estimated wastewater
Combined Sewer System
ICLEI 2006 28
Bridge design
Design Criteria
• Minimize flow resistance
• Create as cultural places
- artistic landmark
Number of bridges: 22
International concept design
competition
ICLEI 2006 29
Landscape design
Concepts
• New green belt with waterfront: West to East
• Gradual transformation from urban landscape to natural environment
• Create ecological biotop and environment
• Thematic places: waterfall and fountains
Upstream Downstream
B C
A
Nature
Culture + Urban
History
ICLEI 2006 30
Historic relics restoration
Basis
Preserve or restore historic relics
Consider current situation: flood, traffic, merchants
Involve specialists
Site survey: Feb 2003 to June 2004
Restore 600 year old bridge: Gwangtong gyo
150 m upstream from the original site
Restore Supyo gyo and Ogansu gyo: future plan
ICLEI 2006 31
- Background
- Outline
- Challenges
- Progress
ICLEI 2006 32
Challenge 1: Transport
Cheonggye road & hwy

Urban backbone corridor
170,000 vehicles/day
Traffic disaster warned

Media, interest group
Traffic simulation
Project delay
ICLEI 2006 33
Solutions to transport
Discourage driving cars in the city centre

Improve traffic system
Cheong Gye Cheon area
Metropolitan area
Improve public transport system

subway system
bus only lane
ICLEI 2006 34
Challenge 2: Neighboring merchants
Traffic congestion : access difficulty
Noise & dust due to construction
Ö Business decline
ICLEI 2006 35
Solutions to merchants
Detailed survey on the markets and continu
ous interviews
consultation offices at the markets
regular meeting on the project
Minimize inconvenience f
or business activity
state-of-the-art technolog
y
provide parking space nea
rby
ICLEI 2006 36
Solutions to merchants
Stimulate business activity

Reduce parking fee
Improve parking system for loading & unloading
Promote Cheong Gye Cheon stores
Financial support and subsidies
Low-interest loans
Grants for the market remodeling
Special arrangement for street vendors
Special business centre in a outer area
ICLEI 2006 37
- Background
- Outline
- Challenges
- Progress
ICLEI 2006 38
Project delivery
Targets
Keeping the schedule
Best value for money
Details of contract: Design-build contract
invitation for bid: Feb 2003
bidding: June 2003
starting work: 1 July 2003
À three construction sections
Original project budget (’03): US$357M
Final adjusted amount (’05): US$386M (+8%)
Original project period:
1 July 03 ~ 30 Sep 05 (27 months)
ICLEI 2006 39
Construction progress
Started on 1 July 2003
ICLEI 2006 40
Stage 1: Scaffolding (July 2003)
ICLEI 2006 41
Stage 2: Highway demolition (Aug 2003)
ICLEI 2006 42
Stage 3: Covered road demolition (Jan 2004)
ICLEI 2006 43
Stage 4: Sewer, road & bridge construction (Sep 2004)
ICLEI 2006 44
Stage 5: Landscaping for the recovered area (May 2005)
ICLEI 2006 45
First water supply
1 June 2005
ICLEI 2006 46
Test running & Final touch
June ~ September 2005
ICLEI 2006 47
Grand opening
1 October 2005
ICLEI 2006 48
ICLEI 2006 49
Monitoring
Changes
Monitor the changes due to the project

from Jan 2003~Mar 2006
before, during and after the project
Monitoring areas
Land use
CBD Industry
Environment
Ecology
Traffic
Real estate
ICLEI 2006 50
Traffic
Changes
Speed in CBD
Morning peak: 17~18 km/hr
Evening peak: 12 km/hr
not very much worsened
Car in/out flow
1.56M Ö 1.27M (-18.6%)
Subway ridership
Central area: +13.7%
ICLEI 2006 51
Environment
Changes
Air
No2: 69.7 Ö 46.0 ppb (-34%)
PM10: 74.0 Ö 60.0 μg/m3 (-19%)
Water quality
BOD: 100~250 Ö 1~2 ppm
Noise level reduced
Heat island effect relieved
Wind corrider created
ICLEI 2006 52
Cooling effect
Changes
Thermal image
27 July 2005
37o 36o
28o 36o
Average 32.7oC -3.6oC Average 36.3oC

Cheong Gye Cheon Nearby street
ICLEI 2006 53
Environmental improvement
Changes
Public survey (Nov 2005)
Air
Water
Noise V improved
Improved
Odour Unchanged
Daylight
Wind
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
ICLEI 2006 54
Ecology: Fishes
Changes
3 Ö 14 species
ICLEI 2006 55
Ecology: Birds
Changes
18 species
ICLEI 2006 56
Ecology: Insects
Changes
7 Ö 41 species
ICLEI 2006 57
Final Remarks
ICLEI 2006 58
Most preferred destination
ICLEI 2006 59
Future of Cheong Gye Cheon
Identity as the 600 yr old Ca

pital
Harmony between preservati
on & development
Economic vitality
Pedestrian oriented street s
ystem
International standard busin
ess district
ICLEI 2006 60
Effects of the Project
Changes in the urban management

paradigm
Historic restoration
Nature & ecological restoration
CBD regeneration
Good example of
solving conflicts over a public project
successful project management
ICLEI 2006 61
Virtual Tour
ICLEI 2006 62
Further information
http://english.seoul.go.kr/cheonggye/
iklee@seoul.go.kr
Thank you for your attention!
ICLEI 2006 63

Cheong Gye Cheon Restoration Project: - A Revolution in Seoul

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Cheong Gye Cheon Restoration Project

 Capital city of Korea for o

Cheong Gye Cheon

 Catchment area: 61 km2

 Building: over 6,000

 CBD redevelopment stopped where the Ch

 Population and employment reduced

 Business headquarters moved to Gangnam

9 Over all “C”, partially “D”or “E”

 Only small cars were allowed from 1997

 Paradigm shift of urban management

 Fundamental solution to safety problem

 Total length: 5.84 km

Section 1 (L=2.04km) Section 2 (L=2.1km) Section 3 (L=1.7km)

 Water supply plan

 Water quality: better than the 2nd grade

 Combined Sewer System

Cheonggye road & hwy

Traffic disaster warned

 Discourage driving cars in the city centre

 Improve public transport system

 Stimulate business activity

Stage 1: Scaffolding (July 2003)

 Monitor the changes due to the project

Average 32.7oC -3.6oC Average 36.3oC

Public survey (Nov 2005)

0% 25% 50% 75% 100%

 Identity as the 600 yr old Ca

 Changes in the urban management

Thank you for your attention!

You might also like

Capital city of Korea for o

Catchment area: 61 km2

Building: over 6,000

CBD redevelopment stopped where the Ch

Population and employment reduced

Business headquarters moved to Gangnam

Only small cars were allowed from 1997

Paradigm shift of urban management

Fundamental solution to safety problem

Total length: 5.84 km

Water supply plan

Water quality: better than the 2nd grade

Combined Sewer System

Cheonggye road & hwy

Traffic disaster warned

Discourage driving cars in the city centre

Improve public transport system

Stimulate business activity

Monitor the changes due to the project

Identity as the 600 yr old Ca

Changes in the urban management