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A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR


IN TELANGANA

Article · December 2014

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ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX

A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN


PHARMACEUTICAL SECTOR IN TELANGANA

A.Arun Kumar
ICSR Doctoral Fellow, Department Of Business Management, University College Of Commerce and
Business Management,Osmania University, Hyderabad- 500007.

Morthati Kishore
Department Of Business Management, University College of Commerce and Business Management,
Osmania University, Hyderabad- 500007.

Dr.Y. Jahangir
Assistant Professor, Department Of Business Management, University College Of Commerce and
Business Management, Osmania University, Hyderabad- 500007.

Abstract adequate job security and even the appointees


The study primarily focuses on the are entering into the pharmaceutical sector on
influence of talent management policies like their choice, however, it is preferable if the
employee attraction, transition policies and percentage increases.
employee retention practices in pharmaceutical Key words: Talent Management, Employee
sector. Out of 150 employees, 100 employees Retention, Attraction, Transition, Employee
have been taken as sample for the present study stay.___________________________________
from four districts of Telangana state i.e.,
Nizamabad, Adilabad, Karimnagar and 1. Introduction of the study
Warangal. The data was collected through a There is lack of clarity on the term ―Talent
questionnaire. It is found that 84 percent of the Management‖ which makes researchers and
respondents are aware of the policies and practitioners left to define the term to suit to it to
procedures in their organizations, 73 percent of their requirements. Talent Management
pharma employees accepted that their according to Lewis and Heckman‘s (2006)
organizations implement HR policies, majority comprises of three different conceptions which
of them i.e., 85 percent of respondents accepted are as a collection of typical human resource
that the organization recognizes their talent and department practices, the flow of human
offers adequate rewards. 47 % of the employees resources throughout the organization, and
opined that if given a chance they are ready to thirdly sourcing, developing and rewarding
transit to another organization which will employee talent. There have been many
provide them a comfortable working practices adopted by different industries in order
environment. Some of them also expressed that to manage the talent available with them such as
if given a chance they are ready to transit to team building, training, identifying talent, talent
another organization with good salary package. development, constant feedback etc. Talent
It is concluded that more efforts and extra management starts with recruitment process,
working hours are not yielding the salary of alignment of the workforce to the organization,
pharmaceutical sector employees. The develop the people and get constant feedback to
employees are under constant stress to achieve help in performance of an individual or an
their targets. The organizations are not giving
JRR December 2014-Feburary 2015 31
ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX

organization. The practices adopted generally especially if relocation is involved.


differ from industry to industry in many cases Create mentoring programs for all new
and certain practices are more suitable for hires so they will acclimatize quickly.
certain industries over others. At the same time Consider assimilation coaching for
there are some practices which are prevalent in individuals who are crossing cultures.
most of the industries. Not only will it make them more
Corporate sector and industries are comfortable, but it will also make them
concerned much on the talent to march forward productive sooner.
in the business in the competitive era. In India, a 4. Make the Position Attractive: High-
25 percent difference in attrition rate translates level professionals, either from India or
into a million-dollar organizational expense to abroad, want to know there will be a
replace these professionals for every 50 robust career path for them in the
positions in the firm. Talent management has company. Let them know what
become a central component of corporate human opportunities the company provide.
resource strategies and has recently gained They will also want to know that they
increasing interest in the area of HRM/HRD can work on cutting-edge projects, such
research. And also it‘s better to develop talent as the development of new molecules
rather than acquiring talents. But the industries and that they will have the authority to
do develop and recruit the talents and manage. manage those projects.
Hence the importance of talent and talent 5. Manage the "Folklore Factor": People
management has been prioritized in life cycle of talk. It's a fact of life. In the talent
human resource activities. marketplace, companies have their own
The following are Five Talent Strategies reputation. For example, the talent pool
for Indian Pharmaceutical Companies1 "folklore" may be that the company is a
creative organization where scientists
1. Help Employees Stay: Retaining are encouraged to take risks. Or perhaps
employees is crucial to long-term the firm is known for "Founder's
success, so make it easy for your best Syndrome‖, a situation in which the
people to stay. Adopt best-in-class founder's heavy involvement leads to
human resource practices. Define career frequent direction changes or similar
paths. Make clear to employees what the work routine disruptions.
company's competency needs will be in
the future and help them acquire those An attempt has been made in the present
skills. research study to know the strategies and
2. Focus on “Fit”: Every organization has practices of talent management and their impact
a unique personality. Define yours. Are on talent management practices and
you entrepreneurial? Or is your culture effectiveness in pharmaceutical companies
management driven, similar to that of a located in Telangana (i.e., Nizamabad, Adilabad,
multinational? When selecting Karimnagar and Warangal).
candidates, consider how their personal
ties will align with your corporate Objectives
culture. For example, Stephen Kaplan, The following objectives of the present
vice president, human resources of study depict the talent management practices in
Ranbaxy USA, said the firm's pharmaceutical industry:
entrepreneurial spirit is what attracted
 To study the talent management
him to join the firm from Pharmacia.
3. Ease Transitions: Entering a new practices in select companies.
environment is always difficult,  To measure the effectiveness and
execution of talent management.

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ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX

 To identify the various challenges of were used to know the significant difference on
talent management. the basis of their gender, age, cadre,
 To measure the level of employee qualification and experience. The results showed
satisfaction with that of the practices of no significant difference in the opinions of the
talent management. respondents on the basis of different variables.
 To obtain the best possible suggestion in However, the mean values were found to be
order to increase the effectiveness of higher among male employees and employees of
talent management practices. 35 years and above age group when compared to
the other groups. Medical Representatives were
found to have higher mean when compared to
2.0. Literature Review Area Sales Managers. Graduate employees and
Literature survey is the documentation employees who have 6-10 years‘ experience
of a comprehensive review of the published and have higher opinions than the other group
unpublished work from secondary sources data employees. The 1990s ended with a
in the areas of specific interest to the researcher. call-to-arms to fight "the war for talent." While
The library is a rich storage base for secondary the war for talent clearly has cooled in the early
data and researchers spend several weeks and stages of the 21st century, dampened by
sometimes months going through books, economic doldrums and concerns with global
journals, newspapers, magazines, conference security, the real battle to attract, develop,
proceedings, doctoral dissertations, master's motivate, and retain talent is going to heat up
theses, government publications and financial considerably. Talent management practices have
reports to find information on their research developed and adapted throughout the years in
topic. response to many changes in the pharmaceutical
The talent management is one of the organization. The pool of available talent,
primary management tools in 21st century particularly those with the necessary skills and
human assets management. A.Arun Kumar, experience, is running extremely low. As a result
V.Shekhar (2014)5 communicated a research pharmaceutical and biotech firms are facing
paper on ―A Study on Employee Retention in fierce competition to find staff for their projects.
the Pharmaceutical Sector in city of Pearls‖ and With dwindling revenues in the mature markets
described about talent management strategies of the US and Europe, more and more
and practices. The present survey is conducted companies are looking towards Asia to address
to understand the processes that are necessary this issue. This primary research tries to examine
for implementation of talent management and the ways to identify new talent for the
employee retention in an organization. Retention pharmaceutical industry in general, along with
of key employees is critical to the long term methods to secure talented professionals and
success of an organization in pharmaceutical then keep them productive and committed once
sector as it ensures customer satisfaction, they are on board. Also this paper covers a
product sales and satisfied co-workers, reporting number of the trends that have shaped current
staff, effective succession planning and a deeply talent acquisition practices in pharmaceutical
embedded organizational knowledge and industry as well as those that will contribute to
learning culture. A comprehensive questionnaire future strategies. Pharmaceutical Industry is fast
was developed for the proposed study to growing business concern at global level and
establish the opinions of MRs and ASMs Indian contribution to this sector of four decades
towards talent management and staff retention in after enactment of Indian Patent Act 1970,
pharmaceutical organizations situated in twin liberalization efforts of General Agreement of
cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. The Tariff and Trade and World Trade Organization
collected data was analyzed and significant tests, for making global market on competitive basis.
such as t-test and ANOVA wherever necessary, India is one of the beneficiary in view of world

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ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX
class talented personnel and companies of repute Glaxo Smithkline, Sun pharma, Mankind
recognized at global level. India could stay in situated in four districts of Telangana (i.e.,
global market due to low cost of manufacturing Nizamabad, Adilabad, Karimnagar and
and patent facilities of formulations and process Warangal). For the present research purpose the
work. Indian medicines are recognized in investigator prepared a questionnaire with 15
developed and developing countries in view of questions. The survey questionnaire was framed
low cost and safe manufacturing practices. India in such a way that the answers reflect the ideas
is able to meet 97 percent of country and thoughts of the respondents on employees‘
requirements and able to export in developed retention. The researcher has chosen 100
and developing nations in view of global level employees both Medical Representatives and
quality and cost. Various developed countries Area Sales Managers in Telangana, the sample
are providing outsourcing facilities to India. size is 100. The respondent has to choose their
answers on the basis of ‗Yes‘ or ‗No‘; Good,
3.0. Methodology Satisfactory or Unfavorable; Strongly agree,
The methodology followed for conducting Agree or Disagree.The researcher has chosen the
the study includes the specification of research Simple Percentage analysis for the present study.
design, sample design, questionnaire design, It is the simplest tool and easy method for
data collection and statistical tools used for expressing the data in percentage which is also
analysing the collected data. With a view to used to compare the data.
analyze the strategies and practices of talent
management and its impact on employee
retention in pharmaceutical industries like Cipla,
4.0. Data analysis and interpretation

Table 1: Talent Management and Attraction

Medical
Area Sales Managers Total
Sl. Representative
Item
No.

Count % Count % Count %

Yes 64 80.0 20 100.0 84 84.0


(i) Awareness of the organization
policies and procedures
No 16 20.0 0 0.0 16 16.0

Yes 56 70.0 17 89.5 73 73.0


(ii) Employee centred HR policies
in the organization
No 24 30.0 3 10.5 27 27.0

Yes 68 84.8 15 78.9 83 83.0


(iii) Working hours
No 12 15.2 5 21.1 17 17.0

Yes 69 86.2 16 78.9 85 85.0


(iv) Rewards
No 11 13.8 4 21.1 15 15.0

Strongly Agree 29 36.2 13 65.6 42 42.0

(v) Favourable environment Agree 45 56.2 6 31.6 51 51.0

Disagree 6 7.5 1 2.8 7 7.0

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ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX

Graph 1
(i) Aware the organization (ii) HR policies in the organization (iii) Working Hours

No Yes No
Yes Yes No
policies and procedures
100 100 100
100.0

80 80 80

84.8
80.0

89.5
84.0
60

83.0
60 60

70.0

78.9
73.0
40 40 40
20 20 20

30.0

27.0
20.0

21.1
0 0 0
16.0

17.0
15.2
Medical Area Sales Manager Total Medical Area Sales Manager Total Medical Area Sales Manager Total

10.5
Representative Representative Representative
0.0

(iv) Rewards (v) Favourable Environment


Strongly…
Yes No

100 100
80 80
86.2

85.0

60 60
78.9

65.6
40 40
56.2

51.0
42.0
36.2

20 20 7.5 7
2.8

31.6
21.1

0 0
15.0
13.8

Medical Area Sales Total Medical Area Sales Total


Representative Manager Representative Manager

Table 1 illustrates the opinions of the ii. Employee Centred HR policies in the
staff working in pharmaceutical industries with organization: Among 100 respondents,
regard to organization policies and procedures 73 (73%) respondents expressed that
under talent management i.e., (i) Awareness of their organization implements employee
the organization policies and procedures, (ii) HR centred HR policies for the employees
policies in the organization, (iii) Working hours, benefit and organizational growth &
(iv) Rewards and (v) Favourable Environment development, and only 27 (27%) do not.
with ‗yes‘ or ‗no‘ and ‗Strongly agree‘ or The Medical Representatives consist 80,
‗Agree‘ and ‗Disagree‘ responses. among these 56 (70%) positively opined
it, and 24 (30%) negatively represented.
i. Awareness of the organization policies The Area Sales Managers are 20, from
and procedures: Out of 100 them 17 (89.5%) accepted and 3
respondents, 84 (84%) respondents (10.5%) did not accept.
opined that they are aware of iii. Working hours: With regard to
organization‘s policies and procedures. working hours, out of 100 respondents,
Only 16 (16%) are not aware about their 83 (83%) respondents are satisfied and
companies policies. Among 80 Medical 17 (17%) are not satisfied. Among 80
Representatives, 64 (80%) are aware of MRs, 68 (84.8%) are satisfied and 12
the policies and only 16(20%) are not. (15.2%) are not satisfied with the
Whereas, all Area Sales Managers are organization working hours. Similarly,
aware about their companies policies among 20 ASMs 15 (78.9%) are
and procedures.

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ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX

satisfied and only 5 (21.1%) are not environment to its talented employees,
satisfied. the investigator posed a question on
iv. Rewards: Among 100 respondents, 85 ―My organization encourages and
(85%) of them accepted that the provides most favorable environment to
organization encourages employees with its talented employees‖. With regard to
rewards and only 15 (15%) did not. this, the responses of the respondents are
Both type of respondents i.e., Medical as follows: 51 per cent agreed, 42 per
Representatives (86.2%) and Area Sales cent strongly agreed and only seven per
Managers (78.9%) accepted the same cent disagreed. Similarly, most of the
view in this regard. respondents agreed with the statement
v. Environment to Talented Employees: and their percentages are 56.2%
The investigator wanted to know the (Medical representatives) and 31.6%
organisation‘s interest on favourable (Area Sales Managers).
4.2.0 Talent Management and Transition

Medical Area Sales Total


Sl. Item Representative Managers
No.
Count % Count % Count %

Yes 70 87.5 20 100 90 90.0


(i) Work environment
No 10 12.5 0 0 10 10.0

Plan further career Yes 64 80.0 18 89.5 82 82.0


(ii) with same
organization No 16 20.0 2 10.5 18 18.0

Yes 39 48.8 9 42.1 48 48.0


(iii) Transition
No 41 51.2 11 57.9 52 52.0

Salary 51 63.7 7 35.0 58 58.0


Preference of package
(iv)
transition Comfortable 29 36.3 13 65.0 42 42.0
environment

Entering into Chance 40 50.0 8 42.1 48 48.0


(v)
Pharma sector Choice 40 50.0 12 57.9 52 52.0

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ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX

Graph 2
(i) Work Environment (ii) Planfurther career with (iii) Transition
same Organization
Yes No
Yes No
100.0
87.5

Yes No
90.0
100
100 100

89.5
80.0

82.0
80
80 80

57.9
48.8

52.0
51.2

48.0
60
60 60

42.1
40
40 40

20.0

18.0
12.5

10.0

20 20

10.5
20
0.0

0
0 0 Medical Area Sales Total
Medical Representative Area Sales Manager Total Medical Representative Area Sales Manager Total
Representative Manager

(v) Entering into Pharma


(iv) Preference of Transitionsalary sector
Package Chance
Comfortable Choice
100 Environment 100
80 80
63.7

65.0

58.0

57.9
50.0

52.0
50.0

48.0
60 60
42.0

42.1
36.3

35.0

40 40
20 20
0 0 Medical Area Sales Total
Medical Area Sales Total
Representative Manager Representative Manager

Table 2 shows the data on the opinions of planning their further career with same
Medical Representatives and Area Sales organization. In this regard, the responses
Managers working in pharmaceutical industries are eighty two percent employees are
on transition dimension. The transitions based planning further career with same
on the following were studied: (i) Work organization. Whereas the individual
Environment (ii) Plan further career with same responses of Medical Representatives are
organization, (iii) Transition(Yes/No), (iv) 80.0 per cent and Area Sales Managers
Prefer of Transition(Salary package/Comfortable responses are somewhat higher 89.5.
environment) and (v) Entering into iii. Transition: Among 100 respondents, a fifty
pharmaceutical sector (by chance/choice). percent of respondents answered that they
need to transit into another organization in
i. Work Environment: The sample consists the pharmaceutical industry. In this regard,
of 100 respondents. Among these, 90 (90%) the percentage of Medical Representatives
respondents said that they are happy with (48.8%) is less when compared to Area
their working environment and the Sales Managers (42.1%).
remaining 10 per cent are not satisfied. iv. Preference of Transition: The investigator
Among 80 Medical Representatives, 70 wanted to know the preference of transition
(87.5%) are happy with their working regard to this, the responses of the
environment. Similarly, 20 (100%) of Area respondents are as follows: high of 58 per
Sales Managers are happy with their cent are looking for salary package, 48 per
working environment in their organizations. cent are looking for comfortable
ii. Plan further career with same environment. Similarly, most of the
organization: All employees are almost respondents agreed with the salary package,

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ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX

their percentages are 63.7% (Medical per cent of them joined in the
representatives) and comfortable pharmaceutical industry on their choice.
environment 65.0% (Area Sales Managers). From the data it can be found that more
v. Entering into Pharmaceutical sector: In number 12 (57.9%) of Area Sales Managers
general, to join a company the interest of an entered into organization on their choice.
individual depends on his own choice or by
chance. Out of 100 sample respondents, 48
4.3.0 Talent Management and Employees Stay
Yes
Medical Area Sales Total
No
Sl. Item Representative Managers
No.
Count % Count % Count %

Yes 29 36.5 8 40.0 37 37.0


(i) Job security
No 51 63.5 12 60.0 63 63.0

Collection of Yes 55 68.8 14 69.2 69 69.0


(ii) Employee
feedback forms by
the organization No 25 31.2 6 30.8 31 31.0

Recognition of Yes 73 91.2 18 94.8 91 91.0


(iii) superiors in the
organization No 7 8.8 2 5.2 9 9.0

Good 37 46.2 12 57.9 49 49.0


Level
(iv) compatibility with Satisfactory 41 51.2 7 36.8 48 48.0
seniors
Unfavourable 2 2.5 1 5.3 3 3.0

Under Constant Yes 52 65.0 11 57.9 63 63.0


(v) Stress to achieve
target No 28 35.0 9 42.1 37 37.0

Graph 3
(ii) Collecti
(i) Job security on of empl
oyee
Yes No fe
edback
91.2

94.8

91.0
68.8

69.0
69.2
63.5

63.0
60.0
36.5

37.0
40.0

31.0
31.2

30.8

9.0
8.8

5.2
(iii) Recognition of superiors
Yes No

100 100 100


80 80 80
60 60 60
40 40 40
20 20 20
0
Medical Area Sales Total
0 Medical Area Sales Total
0 Medical Area Sales Total
Representative Manager Representative Manager Representative Manager

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ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX

(iv) Level of compatibility with (v) Under Constant Stress to


seniors achieve Targets

Good Satisfactory Unfavourable Yes No

65.0

63.0
100

57.9
100
57.9
51.2
46.2

49.0
48.0

42.1

37.0
80

35.0
36.8
80
60 60
40 40
20 2.5 5.3 3.0
20
0 Medical Area Sales Total
0 Medical Area Sales Total
Representative Manager Representative Manager

iii. Recognition of superiors in the


organization: Recognition of the work
Table 3 illustrate the information on Medical by the superiors is one of the most
Representatives and Area Sales Managers important factors to retain in the same
opinions on the aspect of employees stay. The organisation. In this regard an
employees stay depends on the following overwhelming response has been
factors. Some of these are: (i) job security (ii) received from the respondents. Out of
gathering information through feedback forms 80 Medical Representative respondents,
(iii) Recognition of superiors (yes/no opinions), 91.2% agreed and only 8.8 have not.
(iv) Compatibility with seniors (Good, Similarly, 94.8 per cent agreed and 5.2
Satisfactory and Unfavourable) and (v) Under % have not from the Area Sales
constant stress to achieve targets (yes/no option). Managers.
iv. Level compatibility with seniors: The
i. Job Security: On the whole, 37 (37%) responses with regard to level of
respondents said that the organization compatibility among the respondents is
provides job security and 63 (63%) have good (49%), satisfactory (48%) and
insecurity on their jobs. The positive unfavourable (3%). Among 80 Medical
responses of Medical representatives Representatives, 46.2% opined well,
and Area Sales Managers on job 51.2% are satisfactory and only 2.5 % of
security are 36.5 per cent and 40 per them unfavourable. Similarly 20 Area
cent, respectively. The remaining 63.5 Sales Managers 57.9% have opined
per cent of MRs and 60 per cent of good and 36.8 % are satisfied.
ASMs have negatively responded with v. Under constant stress to achieve
regard to their job security in targets: On completion of targets set by
pharmaceutical sector. their organization and whether they play
ii. Collection of Employee feedback an important role among the employees
forms by the organization: Out of 100 by putting them under constant stress,
respondents, 69 (69%) of them accepted in the present study, the responses of
that the organizations gather the Medical Representatives opinions are
information through feedback forms on 65% for ‗yes‘ option and 35% for ‗no‘
employees stay. Among 80 Medical option. As well as the Area Sales
Representatives, 55 (68.8%) agreed and Managers‘ opinions are 57.9% and
25 (31.2%) are not in this aspect, 42.1%, respectively.
whereas 14(69.2) % Area Sales
Managers accepted the same.
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ISSN: 2320-2750 Jamshedpur Research Review Year.III Vol.III Issue.IX

5.0. Findings (iii) Talent Management and Employees Stay

(i) Talent Management and Attraction i. On the whole 37 (37%) respondents, 29


(36.5%) MRs and 8 (40%) ASMs
1.84 (84%) respondents on the whole positively responded with regard to their
and 64 (80%) MRs and 20 (100%) job security in pharmaceutical sector.
ASMs opined that they are aware of ii. 69 (69%) on the whole and 55 (68.8%)
organization‘s policies and MRs and 69.2% ASMs accepted on
procedures. collection of employee feedback forms.
2.73 (73%) respondents on total and 56 iii. 91 on total and 91.2% MRs and 94.8%
(70%) MRs and 17 (89.5%) ASMs ASMs agreed on work recognition by
expressed that their organization superiors.
implements employee centred HR iv. The responses with regard to level of
policies. compatibility among the respondents is
3.83 (83%) respondents on whole and good (49%), satisfactory (48%) and
68 (84.8%) MRs and 15 (78.9%) unfavourable (3%).
ASMs satisfied with regard to v. With regard to under constant stress to
working hours. achieve targets, the responses are 65%
4.85 (85%) on the whole and 86.2% MRs and 57.9% ASMs on the whole it
MRs and 78.9% ASMs accepted is 63% positively.
that the organizations encourage
with rewards. 6.0 Conclusions
5.42 (42%) on the whole and 36.2% From the present study, it is concluded
MRs and 65.6% ASMs strongly that more efforts are not in compliance with the
agreed that the statement ―My favorable environment to its talented employees
organization encourages and of pharmaceutical sector and employees are
provides most favourable under constant stress to achieve their targets
environment to its talented .The organizations in pharmaceutical sector are
employees‖. providing better rewards to their employees. The
organizations are not giving adequate job
(ii) Talent Management and Transition security and even the appointees are entering
into the pharmaceutical sector on their choice,
i. 90 (90%) respondents on total 70 however, it is preferable if the percentage
(87.5%) of MRs and 20 (100%) ASMs increases.
have accepted that they are having good
working environment. References
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further career with same organization. 1. Peter Bassett, Cheryl Buxton, Ruchira
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Research, Vol.(33)3, pp.385-397. Vol 4, No.4, pp 20-30.
6. M.Dhanabakyam & K. Kokilambal ―A 11. Prof. Ruchi Anand and Prof. caral Lopes
Study on existing talent management ―The Talent Acquisition War in
Practice and its benefits across Pharmaceutical Sector,‖ IOSR Journal
industries‖ International Journal of of Business and Management (IOSR-
Research in Business Management JBM) e-ISSN: 2278- 487X, p-ISSN:
(IMPACT: IJRBM) ISSN (E): 2321- 2319-7668, pp 1-10.
886X; ISSN (P): 2347-4572 Vol. 2,
Issue 7, Jul 2014, 23-36 ***
7. Hudson, RPO (2013), ―Attracting &
Retaining Top Talent in the
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