laws.

Both supply side factors such as the role of poverty in compelling parents to send their

children to work,and demand side factors such as the way a society organizes its production

processes help determine the extent to which children engage in child labor.Social exclusion

mechanisms are another strong factor that keeps children out of school leading them to work.

In many cases,children in the worst forms of child laborbelong to the most discriminated strata

of society in 2011-2012 terms of ethnicity and culture.Displacement resulting from a health

crisis,violent conflict,civil strife or natural disaster leaves children with fe w alternatives.Child

labor is exacerbated by an increasing demand coupled with an increasing supply of child labor

from poor families especially in rural areas.Child labor has long been recognized as a major

obstacle to achieving decent work.In 1992,the ILO launched its International Programme on the

Elimination of Child Labor(ILO-IPEC)to provide technical cooperation to member States in2

finding solutions to this problem..

Child labor is common in Tanzania.Plan Sweden estimates that 32%of the Tanzanian

children between 5-14 years are working,even if the Tanzanian law prohibits work for

children under age the of 14.The Tanzanian government ratified the United Nations

Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in year 19918, a legally binding

instrument controlled by The Committee on the Rights of the Child.9CRC sets out the rights of

the child in 54 articles and two optional protocols.The articles include all the basic

human rights,social,economic and cultural rights as well as the political and civil ones.

CRC incorporate different types of rights such as the right to basic needs,education,

participation and the right to protection against discrimination and exploitation.

1.2 Problem statement

Child labor is increasingly recognized as a crime against the UN Convention on the Rights of the

Child.The labor is likely to interfere with the education and normal development of the children

which can be harmful to their health and morals.Child laborers risk to be exposed for

abuse,violence and hazards which can be dangerous to their life.Effects oflabor on

children are not the same as on adults as there are major psychological,physical and social

differences between the two groups.

Children may e seriously harmed by work which makes little or no risk to adults.Hazardous

work during development and growth during the childhood can have lasting effects which can

affect the children for the rest of their lives.Childlabor is a cumpiex issue and various

factors behind the laboring predominate in different contexts.To be able to combat child

labor,the underlying causes must be understood.In-depth understanding of the situation

must include special attention to theChildren's own views which the study believes are the

most important source of information,therefore,this study wants to investigate the underlying

causes behind child labor in Mbumi ward mainly from the children's own perspective.

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1.3 Objectives of the study

1.3.1 General Objective

The following is the general objective of the study"Assessment of theImpact of child labor on

academic performance in Mbumi ward”＇

1.3.2 Specific Objectives

Specifically the study aim to

Determine working hours of child labor at Mbumi ward

ii.

To determine the environmental condition which push child labor at Mumi ward..

iii.

To identify the ativities performed by the children

1.4 Scope of the Study

The study covered the area of Mbumi Ward which found at Kilosa Municipal in Morogororegion

for 10weeks.The study also address the condition and the impact of the child labor at Mbumi

ward with provision of free education to the community on how to care their family in order to

reduce the problem of child labor..

1.5 Significance of Study

Children and parents are the one who will be benefited with my findings,because through my

findings community will increase a war against child labor at Mbumiward.Also organization
that will be benefited with my findings are schools,healthcenters,police stations and

govemment office at Mbumi ward most especially Ward office.The last is Non Government

Organization that are involved in fighting against child labor and most especially ILO.

and feed to excel sheet so as to simplify further tasks.The respondent'sscores were summarized

from the sheet and made ready for analysis.Then it was analyzed by using both descriptive

statistical

techniques.

3.5 Limitations of the study

Even through different efforts"have been made during the study the researcher faced some

challenges such as majority of the respondents have low education background which creates

some difficulties in filling the questionnaire.Some do not provide accurate information required

by the questionnaire and some others do not return it totally.On the other hand some respondents

were thought that the research was for political issues or economic vested interest even though

orientations have been made to the respondents and given motivation to participate.Furthermore,

the researcher faced by;

Poor infrastructure:A researcher fail to reach in all place due to poor infrastructure as well as

transport facilities like cars,however there is availability of vehicles like motorcycles which

researcher used to reach at the intended place.

TLanguage barriers:this was another limitation which hinder the achievement of the entire data

collection procedures as the result brings about difficulties researcher to obtain the intended
information,so the researcher finding a person who knows about the languages people speaks so

as he could be translating the ward into their mother languages which makes it easy to obtain

relevance and accurate data.

1,Shortage of money and time:During the study shortage of money and time was a problem

which leads a researcher to fail to reach in some areas for collection of data due to poor

infrastructure as well as limited or less time for collecting data as the result a researcher use its

own money to travel to those far away areas for the purpose of obtaining accurate and relevance

data for the study.

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Distance:during transect walk exercise the researcher faced by the problem of distance or walk

a long distance to reach the place in order to get information for example distance from one

street to another.Therefore a researcher was committed to walk around the two streets per day

soas to make sure all members pre determined were providing their opinions and views

concerning the study.

4.1.Charaehnstics of Reyor

4.1.1 8g0

CHAPTER FOUR

41.2 5er

4.0 PRESENTATION AND DISCUSSION OF THE FINDINGS

This chapter presents the findings and discussions which are controlled by the specific objectives,ao

of the study provide the work with chronological sequence.

lncwde

4.1 Working hours of child labor at Mbumi ward

Abraka(2010)found that 22% of student's academic performance was influenced by time

attending classes in primary schools.He therefore identified that increase in attendance will

also increase academic but also many student in primary and secondary school work at the time
when others attending in.class

Over time work,when it comes from schools they get tired for doing may be home jobs or other

work so that they don't have enough time to do school work like home work so that this situation

make them drop their performance at school.

Also this cause many of the students Remains un-educated and subsequently has low

productivity as an adult.So child labor can directly contribute to adult un-employment in

developing countries.A major caveat is that there is very little treatment of such long

term dynamic consequences of child labor,(Annabel 2008).

Especially girls who perform home jobs than boys but all are affected when the girl affected by

home jobs boys affected by other jobs like selling product in market and other job to find income

in order to help their family.

4.3 To determine the environmental condition which push child labor at Mbumi ward

The reason why there is child labor at mbumi ward it seems that poverty have contribute much

in pushing the children's to follow under child labor where it have high percentage compare to

others where the cause of many children's to became a orphan follows after poverty where it

have 22.5%and poverty have 32.5 followed with other causes like Lack of commitment,Lack

OI community interest,unawareness of the community regarding the bad effects of Child

Labor