English (/en/content/gender-inequality-index-gii)

UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

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Human Development Reports (/en)

Data
Reader's Guide (http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-indicators-and-indices-2018-statistical-update-readers-guide)

Human Development Index (HDI) (/en/content/human-development-index-hdi)

The 2020 Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) (/en/2020-MPI)

Gender Social Norms Index (GSNI) (/en/gsni)

Global Preparedness and Vulnerability Dashboards (/en/content/global-preparedness-and-vulnerability-dashboards)

Assessing the Crisis, Envisioning the Recovery (/en/hdp-covid)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) (/en/faq-page)

Calculating the Indices (/en/content/calculating-indices)

2019 HDR Technical Notes (http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2019_technical_notes.pdf)

2019 Statistical References (http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2019_statistical_references.pdf)

Understanding the data (/en/statistics/understanding)

Developing regions (/en/content/developing-regions)

Principles of international statistics (/en/content/principles-international-statistics)

Sources of data used (/en/statistics/understanding/sources)

Data Application Programming Interface (API) (/en/content/human-development-report-office-statistical-data-api)

Download 2019 Human Development Data All Tables and Dashboards (/sites/default/files/hdro_statistical_data_tables_1_15_d1_d5.xlsx)

Statistical Data Tables 7-15 (/content/statistical-data-tables-7-15)

Table 1: Human Development Index and its components (/content/table-1-human-development-index-and-its-components-1)

Table 2: Trends in the Human Development Index, 1990-2018 (/content/table-2-human-development-index-trends-1990–2018)

Table 3: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (/content/table-3-inequality-adjusted-human-development-index-ihdi)

Table 4: Gender Development Index (/content/table-4-gender-development-index)

Table 5: Gender Inequality Index (/content/table-5-gender-inequality-index-gii)

Table 6: Multidimensional Poverty Index: developing countries (/content/table-6-multidimensional-poverty-index-developing-countries)

Dashboard 1: Quality of human development (/content/dashboard-1-quality-human-development-0)

Dashboard 2: Life-course gender gap (/content/dashboard-2-life-course-gender-gap-0)

Dashboard 3: Women's empowerment (/content/dashboard-3-women’s-empowerment-0)

Dashboard 4: Environmental sustainability (/content/dashboard-4-environmental-sustainability-0)

Dashboard 5: Socioeconomic sustainability (/content/dashboard-5-socioeconomic-sustainability-0)

Gender Inequality Index (GII)

Download the latest Gender Inequality Index Data (/en/data)
View the GII Frequently Asked Questions (/en/faq-page/gender-inequality-index-gii)

Gender inequality remains a major barrier to human development. Girls and women have made major strides since 1990, but they have not yet gained gender equity. The
disadvantages facing women and girls are a major source of inequality. All too often, women and girls are discriminated against in health, education, political representation,
labour market, etc.—with negative consequences for development of their capabilities and their freedom of choice.

The GII is an inequality index. It measures gender inequalities in three important aspects of human development—reproductive health, measured by maternal mortality ratio and
adolescent birth rates; empowerment, measured by proportion of parliamentary seats occupied by females and proportion of adult females and males aged 25 years and older
with at least some secondary education; and economic status, expressed as labour market participation and measured by labour force participation rate of female and male
populations aged 15 years and older. The GII is built on the same framework as the IHDI—to better expose differences in the distribution of achievements between women and
men. It measures the human development costs of gender inequality. Thus the higher the GII value the more disparities between females and males and the more loss to human
development.

The GII sheds new light on the position of women in 162 countries; it yields insights in gender gaps in major areas of human development. The component indicators highlight
areas in need of critical policy intervention and it stimulates proactive thinking and public policy to overcome systematic disadvantages of women.

More details on calculation of the GII are given in Technical Notes (/sites/default/files/hdr2019_technical_notes.pdf).
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