:

21. Wh a t a r!
the considem tion s before demolition ? :-"I$-l
$ov I rrac
Consiilerations should be given to
I

)- Ccrrrducting a silc and buildilg sr.[vey. rvith a structural bias;

> The examination ofdrawings and details ofexisling constructicin
where available;
) The preparation of details and drawings from site survey activities where
no such
information is availabl..;
> Establishing previous lrse of premises, especially with regard to flammable
substances or substances hazardous to health or safety;

> Programming tlre sequence ofdemolition work;

) The preparation ofa Method Statemenr

:PART -B lq Marks

l..Bricrly explain about yacuum concrcte. [furtxi 2-oD- ' el'du}.A)

. High water cement ratio is halmful tothe overall qtiality ofconcrctc, where as low
water-cement ratio does not give enough workability for concrcte to be compacted

hundred percent.
. Generally higher workability and higher stringth or very low workabiliry and
higher srrength do no! go hand in hand.
!
. Now. vacuum prccess of concreting enables to meet this conflicting demand and
this process helps a high workable concrete ro get high strength.
VacuuEr Concr€le: Only lbour hall of the water added in concrete goes into chemical
conrbination and thc renlaining waler is used to ntake concrete workable.
Afier laying concrele. lvater wllich was making concreting workable is extracted by a
special melhod knorvn as "vacuunt nrethod". This water left in this concrete is only thaf
which is to go in chenrical conthrnalion and her)ce resulting concrele become very strong.
Mrpufilclurinp I'rocessi
6cncral arr'lngclltcnt lor racuurlr concrilc Process.
thc cquipnrcnr cssenltallY consists of'
; \,acuunl pulltl)
I

> wster scparator and

> filtering mat
. The filtering consists ofa backing piece with a rubbcr seal all round lhe periph€ry
. A shcel of cxpanded melal and thcn a sheet ol wire gauge also forms a pan of
filtcdng mat.
. The mat of the suction mat is connected to the vacuum pump. When lhe vacuum
pump op€rates, suction is cr€atcd within the boundary of the suction mat and lhe
cxcess water is sucked from thc concrete throuSh the tine wire gauge.
. At lcast onc face of thc concrcla must bc opcn to thc atmosphcrc lo crcate
differcnce of pressure. The contraqtion ofconcrctc caused by the loss ofwater must
bc vihrated. I

. Thc vacuum processing can be carricd out either from the top surface or fiom the
side surface. There will be only nominal difference in the efliciency of the top
processing or side processing.
:r
2. Explain in rtetail about Guhite. Sovlaazaz - 8la'*4
Gunite can be defined as mortar conveycd.through a hose and pneumatically projected
at a high vclocity on to a surface.
. Thc dcvelopment of this method is by thc intmduction of cou6e aggregation and thc
rcduction ofcement makes the process economical.

Guniting was first introduc€d in 1900 and this process is mostly used lor
pneumatically application old monsr ofless thick)ess.
Shotcrcte is a recent development on the similar principle of guniling for
achieving g'eater thickncss with small coarse aggregate.
'fhere are two process in usc. namely;-

Wet mix process in use, namely

Dry mix process and the dry mix process is more success,ill.
Dry mix Drocessr I

. The dry mix process consisls ofa number ofsiagcs and calls li)r sonlc specrticd
plant.

. (;eneral arrangcmenl ol'apparatus in gunite systcnt.

i
 I
. The stages iDvolvcd in the dry mix process
. Cement and sand are thoroughly mixed.
. The cement/ sand mixture is fbd into a, spccial
air pressur.ized mechanical feeder
termed as Cun.
. The mixture is rnetered inro the delivery hose
bj a feed wheel or distributor
within the gun.
The material is carried by compressed air thrdughi
the delivery hosc to a spccial
nozzle. The nozzle is fitted inside with a perforated
manifold through which water
is sprayed under pressure and intimately nrixed with
the sand /cementjet.
. The web motor is jetted from the nozzle at high velocity
onto the surface ofthe
gunited.'

Tlre stagd ilvolved in the wet mir piocess

. In this process. tl.te conc.ete
is mixed with water as for ordina_ry concrete before
conveying rhrough rhe delivery pipeline ro the nozzle, at which poinr
it is jetted by
compressed air, onto thc \.ork in the same way as that if
mix process.
. The wet process has been generally desired in favour ofthe
dry mix process, owing
to tlte grcirter success oflhe la er.

3, Explain llust [linina(ors llust convcrtcr coating system for corrosion

control. [F,l Iu^1 ,o,o ] t C-U."lrJ
. Steel starts conoding in concrcte wherl chloride level reaches 0.7
Kglm2 Steel
normally does not corrode in colcrete rvhere this level is less than
0.7 Kg/mx.
Oiher contamin{l)ts iDclude polluted air.

' carb.nafion rcduces Ihe pH rever in concrete and ariows future deterioration
of
steel rebaN. It has better chentical resistance, rvealher resisfance.
This coatjng has
penctration thro.gh aI rhe stratilied rust rayer, reactions and conversion of.ust
stabilization
. '[hc coaling is \ralcr bare(l with
good covetage of inechanicai surface treatment as
rusl rcltovill ir[ r.nlor.s srrch as scrapping. bruslring or powder cleaning
are
 I
eliminated by rust convener coating
. Future it react with rust and forms a metallic organic protective film which
neutralizes the corosion process and provides an ideal solution to completely
passivate the tightly bound rust removing, chemically preventing it from

Farticipating in lunher corrosion.

4.Describe the preliminary procedures in demolition of a structure. fiivlr:aez'"n)

The step by step plocedures are as follows;

Preliminnrv Invesaigation
Demolition is a highly skilled and dangerous activity in lerins ofdamage to life and

- Property and there are certain basic factors lo consider before a contract is placed:
. The demolition conractor should have ample experience oflhe type ofwork to be
offered;
. Fully comprehensive insurance against all risks musl be maintained at all times;
. An expedenced supervisor should be continuously in charge ofthe rvoqk;
. The contract pricc should include all safety precautions included in the reievanl
building regulationsi
. The completion date should be realistic, avoiding and need to take risks to
achieve the date.
,

Prelimin{rv Considerations
Demolition operations are the subject ofstrict legal controls - there ,s a subslantial body
of legislation and a great deal ofcase law relating to such operations. There may aiso be

some regulations which impose additional restrictions: for example, action against
nuisance such as noise and aust.:fhl SSI Code of Practice for Demolition BS 6187
exerts further influence, in thatlif the demolition conrractor does not observe rhe

recommendatioo of th€ Code, tliis may well influence a Courr's decision as to his
liability in any legal proceedings.
 t: l0

General Site Provisiots .

A. Plant and Equirrment

Musl only be operated by skilled operators lnd must be regularly serviced.
8. ProtectiYe Clothinp
Buildings where chen]icals have been stored or where asbestos, Iead paint,
dust or
hrmes rnay be preserrr will require specialized protective clothing, e.g,
respirators,
helmers, goggles. foot,,vear, gloves, erc. projecting nails, pieces of metal,
etc.
rcsulting fiollr dcmolition can cause accidents.
C. Shorins and Underpinnine
The demolition contractor has. a legal obligation to show technical competence
when caflJing out the work. When removing sections bfthe building which
could
have leave other parts unsalb. adequate tenlporary supports and shoring etc. nrust

be provided.

D. Working Arens
These will well signposted and clear warnings given that demolition
need ro be

work is in progress. This may include the necessity for some kind oflighting.
E. Debris
Sections ofthe building must not be overloaded with debris either on suspcnded
floors or against party walls.

. F. Weather Condition.s
These can aft'ect saf'ety. Strong winds or drifting snow against unsafe walls,
suspended floosletc. which are unpropped nray lead to collapse.
G. Iiloodine
'Ilre build-up ofrvater can sotnetimes
be hazardous.

H. Oyerhc{d Cnblcs
An cranc heights erc. must be checked ag.irlst the height ofany su(ounding
ovcrhead tablcs rrr avoid damage and cuttitlg offsupplies etc.
I Sclffoldine rud tloxrdins
'l hese ntust bc conslructed
and illuminated 10 the rclevant building legulations.
J Sccurily
-lhr
dcmolitiorr \rlc luLl iury prrtially derrrolished buildinSs Irrust be properly
 secured againsl entry

K. Dust :

Should be kept to a minimum by spraying with water when necessary.

L. Noise
Suppressors arid silencers, particularly on compressors etc., should be uSed to keep

noise levels to.a minimum.

A method statement showing how the demolirion work is lo be carried oul should be
prepared and the contractors should appoint a "competent person" to supervise tlle
demolition work. I

5. nrplain the demolition process of a damagcd structure.WlW z*d

As an inrinsic part of the construction process, elficient derBolition of structures is an
important factors deserving careful consideration in the evolution of any rcdevelopment
project.
Modem emphasis is on reduction of construction periods to etsure economic

redevelopment, coupled with increasing torvn cenlre regenerating calling for careful
demolition on constructed and restricted site, have resulted irr more consideration being
given to demolition as part ofthe process of constuction and ledevelopment lhan was
typical in previous times.
Developing a Demolition Strategv
The strategy lvill need to take into accoLrnt the method ol'construction used for lhe
original building and its proximity to other burldings. strurrures and the general public.
These tactors, together with location, the cost and availabilit) ol-tipping and disposal and
the desirability and economics ofreuse, must be taken ir)to accounl ill the developmeDl 01'

an appropriate strategy for the demolition ofa structure.

Buildins Information
Information on buildings in terms of "as built" drawings and sl,uctural details may ofien
be unavailable or unreliable, and consequently some rnvcstiButivc site and desk work
may be necessary, both to ascertain lhe way in which rhc burldrnB was originally
constftrcted, and 1o identily lhe stresses and sffains which exisl within il.
In order Io plan the most eflcient m€thod oIdemolitron. rr rs rmnodanr ro have a lull
 lL-

understanding of thc mcthod of construction and the stress panerns imposed upon the
building. Failure to do so rray result in risks to the safety ofboth ihose involved in the
dcn1olition and those in close proximity to the site.

Selecting Arrrrrorrriatc'l'echniques
Major's t'aclors to be considered in selecting an appropriate technique
include
i Safety of personnel and public
! Working rnethods
> Legislationapplicable
) Insurance cover

Preliminary AsDects Prior to,Site DeEolition Work

> Conducting a site and building survey, witha structural bias;
I
; The examinarioh of drawings and details ofexisting construction where available;
> The preparation of details and dmwings liom site survey activities where no such
inlbrmation is available:
> Establishing previous use of premises. especially with regard to flammable

substanaes or substa,lces hazardous to health or safety; !

l, Programlning thc sequcncc of demolition work;

> The p|eflaration ol a Method Statement.

' Melhod slntemenl

. A de(ailed heallh and sifety method statement, produced before work starts, is
essenliai tbr satc *'orking. It should include a full risk assrssment, identiry

problrnu cnJ their solrrtrnns. arld form a relerence lor lhe sire supervision'
. The nrethod stittentcnl shouid be easy to understand, agreed by and known to all
levels ofnranagerlrent itrld supervision, alld should includc such matlers as:-

' 'l hc scqLrencc arrd mcthod ol dcmolilion or dismantling of the building or shucture
\!,ilh dctails ol'personnei access, working platlbrms and machinery reqr'rirements;
. [)clrils ilrrd rlesrgrr ol any telnPorary suppofiillg structures to be used during the

dcrnolition processi
' Specilic details ol any ptc-weakening on struclures which are to be pulled down or
dtrrcrlrshed rviLh exPlosivcs.
t_

. A[angements for the protection of personnel and the public and the exclusion of
unauthorized persons, with details of areas outside the site boundaries that may
Occasionally need to be controlled to improve sal'ety during critical aspects of the
wOrk; i
. Details of thq removal or making safe of electrical, gas and other services and
drains;
. Details oftem'porary services available or required lor lhe conlractor's tlse:
. Details ofthe hethods for detai]ing with flammable materials and gases which
may have bedn ietained or depo{ited as residue in process machinery,'pipework or
sromge: , ,

. Details ofmethods to establish the presence ofhidden or other substances that

may behazardbus to health, the methods to be used for their disposal, a4d any
necessary protective equipment: :

. Arrangements for the control of site transport used for the removal qf demolition
debris.

6. Describe in detail about the various dcmolition techniques. 6,1*" -"W'!

In many circumstances, buildin$ and structures should be demolished in the reverse
. order to theh erection; although where panial demolition rs involved a nore careful
evaluation ofthe nature ofthe effecls ofthe demolition is necessary.
Normally, th€ demolition contractor is able to adopt a method o, work which
> gradually reduces the height ofthe building
> arranges the deliberate controlled collapse ofthe building ol structure so thal
> work can be completed at ground level.

Demolition Techniquc Sclection

'fhe choice of demolition technirluc \,ill dcpend on thc nalulc ol'lhc building or structurc

and its environment. Risks to the public. operalives involved in the dcmolition process and
adjacent structures and buildings should be considered.
. Piecemeal demolition. using hand:held tools or machines. lo reduce the height o1_
the huilding or structurc gmdually:
 ,g

' Dcliberate contr.ollcd collapse, demolition to be completed at ground ievel.

Piecemeal Demolition bv Hsnd
Demolilion of buildings or srrufiure by hand-held tools such as elect c or poeumatic
Lrrealrrs. sotncrimes hs J preliminary to using other methods, should be carried out, wherc
practicable, in the revcrse order to the original construction sequence.
Lifiing appliances
may be necessary to hold larger structural merllbers during cutting aDd for lowering
severed stmctural members and other debris. Chutes may be used to discharge
debris into
a vehicle or hgpper. Foundations would normally be grubbed up by excavatioo
machines.

Figure l: piecemeal defiolition

81'M.rchine
Sirnple roolslructurcs supported on wall plates should normaliy be demolished to the level

of wall plales by hand. bur if rhis nlay i[volve unsale working, then demolitioD totally by
machine may be appropriate.
Whcre ir buildinS that is to be demoiished by nraclrine is attached to another structure, the

Iwo propcI.ties shoul(l be separared by the use ol harrd merhbds before the main demolition

Process begins.
Whcn arry part of a building is being demolished byla bolljng machine, pusher arm or
sirr)ilar equipnrent, orlly the nrachine operator and banksnran should be allowed close to
Ihc \()rking arca. Thc cabs ol'all nlachiues shoulJ be strong enough ro protect the
opc.Itor agitinst rlrc t-lll ol drbris ln Palticular. thc windscrcen and rooflight should be

ol :ihiltlc.pr.)nl nraterill ur)(l Iurftlcd by a grille ol'strc] brrc or I substantial mesh.

 A. Balling Machinc
Balling machines generally co{nprise a drag-line type crawler chassis fitted rvirh a

lattice crane jib. The denblition ball, with a steel anti-spin device, is suspended
from the lifting ropc and sirung by the drag rope.
I
Balling should only carried out by skilled opemrives under the control of
experielced supervisors using well maintained machines adequate for the
prcposed duty and standjng on a iirm, level base.

The manufacturer should be consulted before a rnachine is used for balling to

establish any restrictions on the type or iength ofjib or the weighr oflhe ball.
Balling operations subject cranes to dynamic stresses and wear, ard the ball chosen
should have the minimum weight necessary for effective use. In many cases, demoljtion
balls ofquite light weight will be adequare.
Floors should be deinolished by dropping the ball on the highesr remaining floor and
allowing the debris t6 fall inside rhe building. The debris should be removed regularly ro
preyent excessive weight accumxlatiog on the lower floors. I

Walls or columns can be demolished eirher by s\ringing the ball in line with the

Draglin*
Lifting rope
iM < $/l

stationary jib, using the drag rope, or by slewing the jib. The ball should not swung by
derricking thejib. I

Demolition ball
B. Hydraulic Pusher Arnl
Aniculaled. hydraulically-powered pusher-arnr ntirchincs are normallv nrounted on
a lracked or u,heeled chassis. and havc a toothed plalc or hook tbr applying for
 l!

Hydraulic pusher arm

applying a horizontal fbrce lo a wall. The machine should stand on
a firm level base
and apply force by a codkolled movement ofthe pusher arm,

C. Erplosives
!

Il explosives are to be used for demolition, the pianning and execution, include
pre-r.veakening. should be under the control of i person competent
in these
techniques. For la.ge demolition, the competend person is likely to be an
experienced explosive engineer: for smaller wo*. a shor-firer may be sufficient.
When rhe use of explosives is contemplated, it is usual ro employ a techrique
that will
ensure lhe toral demoljtion ol the whole building by staging a controlled collapse. The
explosive charges are sef and llred in a sequence that will weaken the structue in such a
way that the blrilding collapses ir Lrpon itsell
Although u,e tend to think ol explosives as devices producing spectacular bomb_like
explosions, the use of non-explosive ,,explosives,, is now at an advanced stage.
These
noD-cxplosivc lechDiLlucs arc csrjcnlially expanding charges that achieve the same
results
as explosives but wilhour rhe noise and iritial devastating blast.

D (JvcrturrriDg, Wire Ilopr I,u ing

-lhis
nrcrhod is lhc applicaliol of a horizonral lbrce at a high level by pulling rvith
rvirc ropcs a iched to rvilches or vchiclcs, and allowing the lmpacl otl
oVcrlurning (o dentolish lltc l]ttildiDg or slrltcturc An adcquate steel cab or cage
 should prorect the winch or llle pulling vehicle and lhe opemlor.
Building over 2| m high should nol nolmally be demolished by rope pulling.
E- lmpact Hammer and Nibblers
Impact hammers nornrally have a track- or wheel- mounted chassis, ar
articulated boom, and a heavy duty pick vibrated by hydraulic or pneumatic
power to demolish concrcte or masonry.
Nibblers use a rotating action to snap lirittle materials such as concrete or masonry. ln
either case, material should be removed from the top of walls or columns in courses not

Nibblers
greater than 600mm in depth, sleel rejnforcement should be cut separately as necessary.

Pre-\ryeakenine
Buildings and structures normally have slructural elemerts designed to carry sa1_ely lhe
loading likely to be imposed during their lii'e.
As a preliminary to a deliberate controlled colllpse. afler lolds such cs turrrislings. plant
and machinery have been removed, lhe demolition contmctor mnv be ablc (o wcaken
some structural elenlents and remove Ih,)se new redLlndant. Ilris frr\\cakening is
essentially a planned exercise and nlusl bc preceded by an analysis of its possibie eflccts

on the structure until it collapscs. to ensLue lhat the strucluril rnregrit) of ihc buildjng is
not jeopardized accidentalll. Insulficient inlinmation and planDing rclating ro rhe
structure may resrrlt in dangcrorrs and unsafe rvork
 t*

Deliberate Controlled Collarrse

'lhe deliberate collapse of the whole or part of a
building or strucrure rcquires
particularly high standards of planning, supervisions
anrl exccution, and careful
consideration of its effcct on other parts of thc
struclur€ or on adjacent buildings or
structures. A surrounding clear area and exclusion zone are required to protect
both
personner and property from the fau of the structure itself and debris which may be
thrown up by the impacl. l

The collapse is usually achieved either by removing

keylstructural elements (e.g. with
explosive chargcs) or by wire rope puring ar a high level
to overturn the structure. The
possible modes of lajlure rnusl bestudied to '
, ens$e that the method selected will
produce the required pattem ofcorapse, Ifthe
operation is not successfur, the remaining
structure may be exrremely dangerous for the completion
ol- the demolition.
Demolition by deliberate controlled collapse is not usually
appropriate for prestressed
concrete except for simple pre_tensioned floor planls
or slabs.

7. Describe in detail about the impulsion method ofdemolition ofstruclures.

An implosion is an event where something colapses inward, because the extemar
atmospheric pressu.e is greater than the ioternal pressure. For example,
ifyou pumped the
air ou( of a glass lube, it mighl implode. When a building is surrounded by other
buildings, ir may be necessary ro ',implode,'rhe building, rhar is, make
ir collapse down
irto its footprint. You can demolish a sione \vall-with a sledgehammer, and it,s
fairly
easl,to lcvel a live storey building using excararors ond wrecking balls.
But when you
need to bring down a massive slructure. say a 20_story skyscraper
you have to haul out the
big gurs. Exprosive dcnroririon is the pre|crrcd nrethod ror safery and erficientry
derrrolishing hrgcr slrlrctures.
Ihc basic idea ol erplosivc den]oljtion is qr.rite sinrple: If you remove the support
srructurc oi l
huilclil]g at a certain point, the section ol.the building above that point
wjll
l'irll dorvn on the pa ol'the building below that point. If this upper section is heavy
cnough. it
N,ill collide with rhc lower part with sui.licient force to catrse significant
Lllnrage 1'hc explosivcs arc.jUsr lhe trigger lor thc delnolition. It,s gravity
that brings the
hLriltiing rlorr rr
 I

Demolition blasters lo.d explosives on several different levels

of rhe building so thar the
building strucrure falls down on itselfir nlrltiple poinrs. Wherr
everything is plarured and
executed coffectly, the total danage of the explosives
and falliog building material IS
sulficient to collapse the structure entirely, so clean_up crews
are left with only a pile of
rubble.

Methodolosy
In order to dcmolish a building salily, nust nlap out each eleDlent of lhe
blasters
implosion ahead o[ time. The Ir\r step is t{) examine
xr(hitechrrrl bl[eprlnfs of the
building, if they can be located, to determine how the
buildirg is pur together. Next, the
blaster crcw touls the building (Several times). jofling
down notes aboul the support
structurc on each floor. Once they have gathered all
the ralv dala lhey need. the blasters
hamher out a plan of attack_ Drawing from past experiences
rvith sinilar buildings, they
decide what explosives to use, where to position
thenr in rhe buildiDg and how 10 tr.me
their detonations. In some cascs, the blasters may develop
3_D computer model of the
shucture so th€y can test out their plan ahead of time
in a vitual world.
The mai. challenge in bringing a building down is
conrrojling which way ir falls. Ideally,
a blasting crcw will be able to tumble the building
over on one side, into a parking Jot or
Other open area. This sort of biast is 0re easiest
to execute. and it js generally the safest
way to go_ Tipping a building over is something
like felljng a tree. To topple &e building
to the north, the blasters detonate:expiosives on the north
side ofthe building flrst, in the
same way you wourd chop into aitree liom
rhe nofth side ifyou wanted it ro faii
in rhar
direction. Blasters may also s.cu.i steel cables
to support coiumns in the building, so
that
they are pulled a cenain way as they crumble.
Sorrerimes, though, a building is
surounded by structurcs that must be preserved.
ln this case. the blasters proceed lvith a
true implosion, demolishing the building
so tlut it collapses srraight down inro
irs own
footprint (rhe total area at the base ofthe building).
This feal requires such skil rhar only
a handfulofdemolition companies in the rvorld
willatrempt ir.
Blasters approach each projecr a liftie dift-erently,
but rhe basic idea is lo lhink of the
building as a collection of separate towers.
l.he blasters sel the expiosives so lhat
each
"tower" f'alis toward the center of thc building, in
rcughly the samc wav thal lhc) lvould
se1 the exprosives ro toppre a singre
slr.clurr, to lhe sidc. whcn Ihe exprosives
are
 24

detonared in rhe right o.der, rhc roppring

towers cralh against each other,
and ari ofthe

:::::::l::l:::,T.cenrerof
the center ofthe building befo.e
the buirding. Anorher.op,,""
*..",*"",re corlrmns at
the other c",,,-""
"^:,r", *^ .-
Accordine to Brent Branchard.
Protect documentation services ",,;f#[::'#'::T:::i;::'::::il,,ilf*
virtually every buildingin the world is unique. ana for
any given building, there is
any number of ways a blasting crew migtrr Uring
Blanchard notes the demolition lt aown.
olthe
Hayes Homes, a l0-buiiding housing pro.iecr in Newark,
New Jersey, which was
dcmolished in three separate phases
over the couse ofthree years. ,a
aif"r"rrt Ut*ting
ilrm performed each phase,,, Blanchand ,,and
says, alrhough all of the buildings were
identical, each blaster chose a
slighlly differenr rype of explosive and
loaded varying
numbers of suppon columns. Th
the buildinss down in different
marhemaricar sequences, *,,,
,":^l-^*:1^::".:qhl
yrng amounts of time factored in
between each
building's collapse.,,
Generally speaking. brasters wilr exprode
trrc maior suppon corumns on
the rower floors
iirst and then a t'e!v upper stories. In
a 2o-story building, for example,
the blasters might
blorv rhe columns on the firsl and second
floor, as well as tle l2th and l5th floors.
In
most cases, blowing the support
struclures on the Iower fioors is
sufficient lbr collapsing
the building, but loading columns
on upper floors helps break the building
material into
srrarrer pieces as ir rh1s.
This nrakes fbr.easier clean_up loilowing
the biast. Once rhe biasters have figued
out
holv ro set up an inrplosjon, it's time
to prepare the building. In the next section,
we,ll
find out whar,s involved in predetonalion prepping
and see how blastqs rig the
explosives lor a preciscly timed
demoiition.
I

S Discuss in dctair rbout any casc study

or dcrnorition ofstructures.
ll(]rs SC l,Lrne convcnccl a board ol.Olficers
on 4..7)997 at General Area of old
KV
Ilolilrlrrn {'or)rlrl-\. t,,.u dcr;rh;rJ l.ur asses,ir,,, rhF r_-,,i.-^,--,
^. ^
group oi brrircrings vicrc convening

1rIp,s. rl rrrr
";j:"i:lrx;|;;;t;ffi;.;:;il'i:ff
ir rlr, ti.,.rrl fr,,(ecrlir.gs i5quolcd
;:
hclow:
"li) asscss ritc rr(l.ir(.rnc,t ()l.spcci:rl reprrrs r(, b,ildints nnJ
ro.*ls and recommend
demolition ofunsafe / uneconomical buildings at old KV Bolaram Complex"
I,INDINGS OF TIIE BOAR,D:
The Board found thot all the buitdings located in lhe complex were of 1850 to

1910 vintage consfucted with brick masonary and mud morta. and served more than
thcir expected lifc. The buildings were in occupatio! by Kendriya {idyalaya, Bolaram
for a considerable time and were vacated during 1989-90, All buildings were in bad shape
due to vintage and needed extensive repairs.

RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE BOARD:

The Board recommended urgent special repairs to 13 permanent / Temporary

buildings in order to b ng these buildings to habitable condilion and to ensue structural

safety. The special repairs was estimated to be Rs.40.18 lakhs.

The board also recommended six buildings for demolition as they lvere found to be in
dilapidated condition and unsafe and beyond economical rcpairs The board

recommended sanction of demolition of the said six buildings and to iniliate new u'orks
for recoupment of these buildings through a separate board of officers urgently ( as the
work on the new loilets is to be completed by lhe time ofcompletion ofthe proposed
special repairs so that troops occupying the buildings afler special repairs will have toilel
facilities )
Based on the recommendations of the Board, the GOC-in-C S.C. vide lener
No:300050/9712/2(wks) dated 25.10.1997 accepted necessily and accorded Admin
Approval for the special repairs at an estimated cosl of 42.05 lakhs. The Admin
Approval included the demolition ofold buildings also as recommended by the Board.
32 weeks time was given for complelion of work. Based on the sanclion a conlracl
agre€ment was concluded for Rs.43-45 lakes by CE(Fys) I-lyd zone vrde CA N-o:

CE(Fysy Hyd / Sec / l6 of97-98. In addilion, the following wor*s were also executed to
bring the buildings into use.
i
 CA / Sanction No & Date ature of work done
l.cwE(s)/sEC-E/M/25 Augnentation of ex
-98
97 16.63 lakhs ilcctrical, water supply
sewage disposal etc (capi
2 HQ ASA Repairs to Tem
No:4045/0TM/Q3W 1.97 lakhs Buildings T.12 (Revenr
dt.1.12.97 and CA No:
HQ ASA letter
Repairs to T
No:4045/oTM/Q3w(i) 3,20lakhs Buildings T. I2-l (Reveuu
dt.3.12.9'1 work)
3. HQASA ter vision of Gate for
No:4093/Q3 dr.9.5.98 I Coliege (Revenue Work)

otal:24.60 Iakhs

Thus a total sum of I{s.68.05 lakhs (43.45 + 24.60 lakhs) was spent
on the buildings in
order to make them liabitable. The work was completed in all respects
irr Jan ,99 and
GE(S) Secunderabad vide iris lener No:23 I I l2S4/E2 d,ated 28.1.99 requested
the
station HQrs ro.insrruct the users concemed to take over the accommodation
from llEs.
The RAO MES Secunderabad, during review of the GE's accounts found it
curious that a
huge sunr of Rp.68 larkhs rvas spenr on barracks lying vacanr for alnrost
l0 yeals and
therelbre probe[ the ,]atter riorn the GE/CWE records. The detailed examination
ofthe
rocords brought out the loilowing interesting l'acls:

1 flQrs convening order dated 4.6.97 to assess the requirement ofspecial repairs to
thc unuscd barlacks rvhich ultimately resrrlred in spending ol.more than
6g lakhs
rrn unused blrrlcks was only s 5squgl tO the proposal to establish an Army
Dental
CnilcSc Ct ScirrDdcrcb.d to he ru by a leginrculal ilstilurion viz.. army Welfare
hducarioD Socicry (AWES). :

2 As lhc proicct invol,,,ccl consiclerablc expcndirure, it was proposed to house the

collcgc inirrirlll in llre unuscd barracks b1, crrr.rying out special repairs and shift to
pcrrrrrrrrcrrt Ircatiol lllcl
 3. The cost, timie and all olher aspecls involved in the matler were brought in ihe
CWE Secunderabad Engineers appreciation datcd 19.5.97 (copy enclosed as

Annexure - A)
|

4. The need to rbappropriate the land & buildings for use by the Army D*rtal College
was clearly brought our by rhe Engineering Appreciation repon ofCWE.

5. The necessary reappropriation sanction was also called for from Station HQrs by
CWE Secunderabad vide their letter No:24 225t11lE2 dated 2 8. I 0.97 imnred iately

after issue of:Admin Approval dated 25.x.97 for which no aclion was laken by the
Admin Authorities-
6. Neither the Board proceedings nor the Admin Approval and other' subsequent

sanctions brotrght out the purpose ofthe whole.exercise thus effectivelY concealing
the mafter from audil
In thc light of the above findings, the RAO(MES) Secunderabad placed lhe entire
expenditure under objection and reported the matter to CDA Secunherabad for further
necessary action

9. Explain the techniqucs av{ilabl€ for thc protection ofrebar (Nov lDec 2012)

Techniques for repair & dcmolition

Rust Eliminator:
/ Rust eliminator is a material which is liquid state f'or cleaning rebars and steel surface-

'/ No chloride content.

'/ No chance ofenhancing corrosion.

"/ Acts for both ferrous ard non-firous r'rletals.

How to lix rebar rust:

Rebar-reinforcing bar, it is nrade from carbon slcel. a nlaterial that is prone ro rusting.
Fixing the rust is possible by hking a few sleps.
Things you will nced:

'/ Wire brush-

/ Rubber gloves.

"/ Commercial rusl remover

 .r4

/ Paper towels.
r' Paint brush.
/ Primer.

lnstructions (or) procedure to lix rebar rust:

'/ Scrub all the rusting by the use ofwire brush.

/ Put on rubber gloves before pouring a commercial rust remover
Onto a paper towel.
Apply the rust lemover to all rusted areas ofthe rebar.
y' Leave rust remover on rebar lor l0 to 15 minutes.
r' Clean offthe rust with paper towels.
/ Use a paint brush ro apply primer to protect the rebar frolll rusting funhcr
allows
primer to dry.
i

Physical propbrtics of rust elimihator;

/ Appearince : Brown colour liquid
,/ Specific gravity : 1.20 + 0.03
r' Nature : Acid
/ pH : L5 - 2.3
/ Available in 500m1 & lOO0ml pack in marker (or) shops.
Homemade: Rust eliminrtor
r' Vinegar and lenmn _iuice (or) white vinegar and lemon juice. :

'/ The substance rvlrich has aci<jic in nature can works well when it comes to getting rid
olrLtst ond ihe acidiry o1'lenons is.what makes this remedies effective_

'/ Conrbine I cup ol vinegar with l cup oflenronjuice.

'/ Soak a sponge in the mixlure and use it to rub your rusty object clean.
/ You nlay want to usc plastic gloves for this task.

Applicrtion (or) Applicrbic rreas:

'/ Mainrcnance o|nrild stcel srruitures like intcrior/exterior surface of tanks and vessels
$rlcr pipcs lines. shulterrng ploles and other corrodej steel surface.
v fnrcks. e rs unLl urhcr tchiclcs ]
i
'/ Irence, ririlings illld walls. t: