Professional Documents
Culture Documents
US Challenge Cards With Cover PDF
US Challenge Cards With Cover PDF
US Challenge Cards With Cover PDF
CARDS
44 engineering and science challenges
from the engineers at Dyson.
Please note that the activities contained here in are intended for children
ages seven and above. Adult supervision is recommended for all projects.
CHALLENGE
CARD
CHECKLIST
HOW MANY CAN YOU COMPLETE?
Check the box once you’ve completed the challenge.
01 02 03 04
SCIENCE CHANGING UNDERWATER FLOATING BALLOON
CHALLENGES STATES VOLCANO PING-PONG
BALLS
KEBABS
05 06 07 08 09 10
LIQUID EXPANDING TORNADO IN NON- BRIGHT AS A LENZ’S LAW
DENSITIES GASES A BOTTLE NEWTONIAN NEW PENNY
FLUID
11 12 13 14 15 16
INERTIAL 100 + 100 = MEASURE WEATHER FLOATING FIRE
EGGS 192? THE SPEED BALLOON PAPER CLIP EXTINGUISHER
OF LIGHT
17 18 19 20 21 22
SCARED DANCING HOW TO IVORY COLORED INVISIBLE
PEPPER RAISINS MAKE A SOAP CARNATIONS INK
LAVA LAMP
01 02 03 04
ENGINEERING GEODESIC MARBLE SPAGHETTI STRONG
CHALLENGES DOMES RUN BRIDGES AS A
DRINKING
STRAW
05 06 07 08 09 10
ELECTRIC THREAD CARDBOARD CARDBOARD BOAT CARTESIAN
MOTOR SPOOL TANK BOAT CHAIR POWERED BY DIVER
A CHEMICAL
REACTION
11 12 13 14 15 16
BALLOON DESIGN AND WATER METAL GELATIN BUILD A
CAR RACE BUILD A CLOCK ETCHING AND OIL COMPASS
HELICOPTER
17 18 19 20 21 22
A TOUGH BURNING HOMEMADE POTATO MAKE A ATTRACTIVE
NUT TO PUDDING WATER BOMB POWER PERISCOPE NAILS
CRACK
SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 01
CHANGING
STATES
CHANGING
✓ SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 01
STATES
Designed by Charles,
Design engineer at Dyson
Top tip
Try lubricating the egg with cooking oil
or dish soap.
UNDERWATER
VOLCANO
UNDERWATER SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 02
VOLCANO
Designed by Ian,
Design engineer at Dyson
FLOATING
PING-PONG
BALLS
FLOATING SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 03
PING-PONG
Designed by Alex,
Design engineer at Dyson
BALLS
The brief Materials
Make two ping-pong balls float in the air flow Two ping-pong balls
of a hair dryer at the same time, without hitting A hairdryer
each other.
(on cool setting)
The method
1. Switch on your hairdryer, making sure it is
on the cool setting.
2. Hold it with the nozzle pointing upwards.
3. Place one of the ping-pong balls into the
stream of air.
4. Try and place another ball into the same
stream of air – on top of the first ball.
BALLOON
KEBABS
BALLOON SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 04
KEBABS
Designed by Phil,
Design engineer at Dyson
LIQUID
DENSITIES
LIQUID SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 05
DENSITIES
Designed by Ben,
Design engineer at Dyson
Top tip
Try weighing each liquid before you add it
and predict which order the liquids will settle in.
The layers may be a little mixed at first. Allow
them to settle for a moment and watch the
layers start to define.
EXPANDING
GASES
EXPANDING SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 06
GASES
Designed by David,
Senior mechanical engineer
at Dyson
Design icons
TORNADO
IN A BOTTLE
TORNADO SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 07
IN A BOTTLE
Designed by Adam,
Design engineer at Dyson
NON-
NEWTONIAN
FLUID
NON- SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 08
NEWTONIAN
Designed by Rory,
Design engineer at Dyson
FLUID
The brief Materials
Create a liquid that turns into a solid when tapped. 1/2 cup corn starch
1/4 cup water
The method
A spoon
1. Add the corn starch to the bowl.
A bowl for mixing
2. Add water slowly to the mixture, stirring in
one tablespoon at a time, until all of the powder
is wet. Design icons
3. Continue to add water until the corn starch acts
like a liquid when you stir it slowly – but when
you tap it with your finger it becomes hard.
4. Scoop the mixture into your hand and slowly
work it into a ball.
5. A s long as you keep pressure on it by rubbing
it between your hands, it stays solid.
Stop rubbing, and it melts into a puddle Sir Isaac Newton
in your palm. described how ‘normal’
liquids or fluids behave.
He observed that their
viscosity only changes
with variations in
temperature or pressure.
In non-Newtonian fluids
their viscosity also
depends on the force
applied to the liquid.
BRIGHT AS A
NEW PENNY
BRIGHT AS A SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 09
NEW PENNY
Designed by Roy,
Design engineer at Dyson
LENZ’S LAW
LENZ’S SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 10
LAW
Designed by Tom,
Design engineer at Dyson
Design icons
INERTIAL
EGGS
INERTIAL SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 11
EGGS
Designed by Tom,
Design engineer at Dyson
100+100=192?
100+100=192? SCIENCE
CHALLENGE
Designed by Chloe,
12
Research engineer at Dyson
Top tip
When measuring the liquids, practice your lab
skills and get down to eye level to measure to the
meniscus. Make sure you get every last drop, and
monitor your mixture to see if any gas is given off.
OF LIGHT
The brief Materials
Measure the speed of light using chocolate A large bar
and a microwave oven. of chocolate
A microwave
The method (with adult supervision)
1. Remove the glass plate in the base of the A large ceramic plate
microwave and replace with an upturned
A ruler
ceramic plate. You want your chocolate to
stay still in this experiment.
2. Place the chocolate in the middle of the plate. How does
3. Turn on the microwave and heat the chocolate it work?
until it melts in 2 or 3 places. This should take Microwaves work by
creating standing waves
about 20 seconds. inside the microwave
4. Using gloves, and with adult supervision, oven. The water
molecules in the
carefully remove the plate from the microwave.
chocolate try to align
themselves with the
rapidly changing
standing wave, creating
heat. The distance
between the two
melted spots is half a
wavelength. You can
now calculate the speed
of light, because
speed = wave length
x frequency.
5. Measure the distance, in inches, between
the melted spots on the chocolate bar.
6. The distance you measured is half a
wavelength. Multiply this number by two and
then by the frequency of the microwave you are
using. This can be found on the outside of the
machine. This number is the speed of light in
inches per second.
SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 14
WEATHER
BALLOON
WEATHER SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 14
BALLOON
Designed by Chris,
Design engineer at Dyson
FLOATING
PAPER CLIP
FLOATING SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 15
PAPER CLIP
Designed by Nor,
Test engineer at Dyson
FIRE
EXTINGUISHER
FIRE SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 16
EXTINGUISHER
Designed by Liam,
Design engineer at Dyson
SCARED
PEPPER
SCARED SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 17
PEPPER
Designed by Robyn,
James Dyson
Foundation executive
DANCING
RAISINS
DANCING SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 18
RAISINS
Designed by Danya,
James Dyson
Foundation executive
HOW TO MAKE
A LAVA LAMP
HOW TO SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 19
MAKE A
Designed by Gemma,
James Dyson
Foundation executive
LAVA LAMP
The brief Materials
Make your own lava lamp. Empty water bottle
A large bottle of
The method vegetable oil
1. Fill the empty bottle ¾ full with vegetable oil.
Food coloring
2. Top it off with water and about 10 drops of food
Alka-Seltzer® tablets
coloring.
(with adult supervision)
3. Break an Alka-Seltzer® tablet into pieces,
Water
and add pieces of the tablet to the bottle.
The mixture will bubble. A flashlight
4. Put the cap on and gently tip the bottle back and
forth. This will cause the tiny droplets of colored
water moving around inside the oil to join
together, making bigger blobs.
Do not shake the bottle.
5. Shine a flashlight into the bottle from
underneath, illuminating the bubbles. How does
it work?
Oil is hydrophobic –
it will not mix with water
– even if you try to really
shake the bottle. The
Alka-Seltzer® tablet
reacts with the water to
make tiny bubbles of
carbon dioxide which
are lighter than water.
They attach themselves
to the blobs of colored
water, causing them to
float to the surface.
When the bubbles pop,
the colored blobs sink
back to the bottom
of the bottle.
SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 20
IVORY
SOAP
IVORY 20
SCIENCE
CHALLENGE
SOAP
Designed by Lydia,
Global head of the
James Dyson Foundation
How does
it work?
Ivory soap® floats
because it has air
3. Watch the bar of soap as it begins to expand pumped into it during
and erupt into puffy clouds. Be careful not to manufacturing. When
overcook it. the air inside the soap
heats up, the air
4. Allow the soap to cool for a minute. Touch it. expands and reacts
Feel it. Look at it. with the water inside.
The expanding gases
push on the softened
soap, creating foam.
This effect is a
demonstration of
Charles’ Law. Charles’
Law states that as
the temperature of
a gas increases,
so does its volume.
SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 21
COLORED
CARNATIONS
COLORED 21
SCIENCE
CHALLENGE
CARNATIONS
Designed by Adam,
Science teacher and former
Design engineer at Dyson
INVISIBLE
INK
INVISIBLE SCIENCE
CHALLENGE 22
INK
Designed by Jack,
Design engineer at Dyson
GEODESIC
DOMES
GEODESIC ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 01
DOMES
Designed by Hannah,
Design engineer at Dyson
MARBLE RUN
MARBLE ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 02
RUN
Designed by Coco,
Design engineer at Dyson
Friction
The rougher or stickier
the surface, the slower
your marble will travel.
SPAGHETTI
BRIDGES
SPAGHETTI ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 03
BRIDGES
Designed by Kristian,
Design engineer at Dyson
Top tip
Be patient. Through trial and error, you’ll become
proficient at working with spaghetti.
How does
Rubber bands it work?
Bridges manage
two important forces:
compression and
tension – pushing
and pulling. Too much
of either and they
buckle or snap.
Design icons
STRONG AS
A DRINKING
STRAW
STRONG AS ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 04
A DRINKING
Designed by Phil,
Design engineer at Dyson
STRAW
The brief Materials
Use a drinking straw to pierce through a raw potato. Two stiff drinking straws
A firm, raw potato
The method
1. H
old the straw by its sides, without covering the
hole at the top and try quickly stabbing the potato.
2. Repeat the experiment with a new straw but
this time place your thumb over the top,
covering the hole.
ELECTRIC
MOTOR
ELECTRIC ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 05
MOTOR
Designed by Mike,
Design engineer at Dyson
Top tip
What happens if you swap the battery terminals?
THREAD
SPOOL TANK
THREAD ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 06
SPOOL
Designed by Neil,
Electronics engineer at Dyson
TANK
The brief Materials
Build a tank out of a thread spool. A thread spool
A long white candle
The method
A rubber band
1. Thread the rubber band through the
thread spool. Tape
2. Break one matchstick in half. Tie one end of Two matchsticks,
the rubber band around the half matchstick with their heads
and secure it to the end of the thread spool removed
using tape.
3. Cut 3/4in and use a pencil to make a hole
in the middle of it. Thread onto the other
end of the rubber band. Place the other
match through the loop of the band.
4. Wind up the match to create tension.
Place it on the floor and let it go.
CARDBOARD
BOAT
CARDBOARD ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 07
BOAT
Designed by Ben,
Design engineer at Dyson
Top tip
Think about stability. Some shapes are Design icons
more stable than others when a load is applied.
CARDBOARD
CHAIR
CARDBOARD 08
ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE
CHAIR
Designed by Andy,
Design engineer at Dyson
Top tip
Think about structure.
BOAT
POWERED BY
A CHEMICAL
REACTION
BOAT POWERED ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 09
BY A CHEMICAL
Designed by Rob,
Engineering reliability
manager at Dyson
REACTION
The brief Materials
Build a boat powered by a chemical reaction. Small plastic bottle
Tape
The method
A cork
1. T
ape the cork and popsicle sticks together to
form a triangle. Two popsicle sticks
2. Tape the triangle to the middle of one side Scissors
of the bottle. (with adult supervision)
3. Make a hole in the end of the bottle, at the A drinking straw
opposite side to the triangle, so it will sit below Vinegar
the water.
Baking soda
4. Push the drinking straw through the hole so
Somewhere to sail it
the end inside the bottle touches the inside wall.
– such as a bath tub
5. P
our in vinegar and add baking soda. Screw the or sink
bottle top back on tightly.
6. W
ith a thumb covering the end of the drinking
straw, shake the bottle. Design icons
7. O
nce the reaction starts, drop the boat
in the water and watch it propel forward.
CARTESIAN
DIVER
CARTESIAN ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 10
DIVER
Designed by Daryl,
Design engineer at Dyson
BALLOON
CAR RACE
BALLOON 11
ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE
CAR RACE
Designed by Caroline,
Engineer at Dyson
DESIGN
AND BUILD
A HELICOPTER
DESIGN AND ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 12
BUILD A
Designed by Ahmed,
Design engineer at Dyson
HELICOPTER
The brief Materials
Design and build a helicopter A sheet of paper
using only paper and paper clips. Paper clips
The method Scissors
(with adult supervision)
1. Take a piece of paper and
make three cuts as shown in
the illustration. Then fold
the paper in on itself at
the bottom half – use a
paper clip to keep the
sides together.
2. Fold the two halves of the
remaining paper away from
each other, to form the
helicopter blades.
3. Stand carefully on a chair
and drop your helicopter,
making sure it stays upright
as you let go!
Design icons
WATER
CLOCK
WATER ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 13
CLOCK
Designed by Sam,
Teacher and Design
and Technology enthusiast
at Malmesbury Primary School
Design icons
METAL
ETCHING
METAL ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 14
ETCHING
Designed by Ed,
Design and Technology student
and JDF ambassador at
Malmesbury School
GELATIN
AND OIL
GELATIN ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 15
AND OIL
Designed by Sophie,
Design engineer at Dyson
BUILD A
COMPASS
BUILD A ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 16
COMPASS
Designed by Adam,
Design engineer at Dyson
A TOUGH
NUT TO
CRACK
A TOUGH NUT 17
ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE
TO CRACK
Designed by Sioned,
Design engineer at Dyson
BURNING
PUDDING
BURNING ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 18
PUDDING
Designed by Hannah,
Design engineer at Dyson
HOMEMADE
WATER BOMB
HOMEMADE ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 19
WATER BOMB
Designed by Louis,
Design engineer at Dyson
POTATO
POWER
POTATO ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 20
POWER
Designed by Sarah,
Design engineer at Dyson
MAKE A
PERISCOPE
MAKE A ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE 21
PERISCOPE
Designed by Guy,
Design engineer at Dyson
ATTRACTIVE
NAILS
ATTRACTIVE 22
ENGINEERING
CHALLENGE
NAILS
Designed by Latif,
Design engineer at Dyson