Complete these sentences from the text on page 31 (Student’s book)

1. First of all, you MUST give the product a name.

2. Companies HAVE TO get it right first time.

3. A brand name OUGHT TO (SHOULD) be unique, memorable and easy to understand.

4. But you DON’T HAVE TO use a family name.

5. And what DO you HAVE TO be careful about?

6. Well, you SHOULDN’T choose a name that might not work in certain countries or cultures.

Verbs

Lexical verbs Auxiliaries

play, see, watch,

listen, google,
Primary Modal verbs
post, stalk, etc

DO WILL, WOULD, CAN,

COULD, MUST, HAVE TO,
BE
SHOULD, OUGHT TO
HAVE
  LEXICAL VERBS show actions or states, they carry meaning and are the main verbs in
sentences/clauses.
 AUXILIARY VERBS show extra information.
 Primary auxiliary verbs can be main verbs (I AM a student. / She HAS a cat. / They DO homework.)
 Primary auxiliary verbs help us make sentences in the negative (I don’t like fish), questions (Is he
sleeping?) or complete tenses (I have lived here for 3 years).
 Modal verbs can never be main verbs and are always followed by a verb in the infinitive or 1 st
column (She must finish the report today.).
 Modal verbs make questions by inversion (altering the order of a positive sentence: Should I watch
this show?)
 Have to is the only modal verb that changes (“HAS TO” for he, she and it) and includes an auxiliary
to make negatives and questions (You don’t have to clean this./Do I have to complete all the
activities?)
 Modal verbs are used to show different things: permission, ability, obligation, necessity, advice, etc.

Modal Affirmative Negative

HAVE TO/HAS TO DON’T/DOESN’T HAVE TO
Have to/ Strong obligation Not necessary
don’t have to
You have to do a final exam. You don’t have to copy this.
MUST MUSTN’T
Must/ Strong obligation Negative obligation
Mustn’t
You must turn on your camera. You mustn’t smoke inside the bank.
SHOULD / OUGHT TO
SHOULDN’T
Should – ought to / Advice (it’s a good idea)
Advice (it’s a bad idea)
shouldn’t You should sleep more.
You shouldn’t go out now.
I ought to buy a new mouse.

Complete using a modal verb

1. We have a lot of work tomorrow. You _______________ be late.

2. You _______________ tell anyone what I just told you. It’s a secret.

3. The museum is free. You _______________ pay to get in.

4. Children _______________ tell lies. It’s very naughty.

5. John’s a millionaire. He _______________ go to work.

6. I _______________ do my washing, because my mother does it for me.

7. We _______________ rush. We’ve got plenty of time.

8. You _______________ smoke inside the school.

9. You can borrow my new dress but you _______________ get it dirty.

10. We _______________ miss the train, it’s the last one tonight.