ASHES OF SUGAR CANE BAGASSE AND ITS ALKALINE ACTIVATION
Héctor E. Hernández Martínez1*, Erick E. Maldonado Bandala1, Demetrio Nieves Mendoza1,
Facundo Almeraya-Calderón2, J. Iván Escalante García3
1: Facultad de Ingeniería Civil – Campus Xalapa, Universidad Veracruzana, Lomas del Estadio s/n., Xalapa, Veracruz, México, CP 91000
2: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. FIME - Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Ingeniería Aeronáutica. Av. Universidad s/n. Cd. Universitaria. San
3: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Saltillo, Coahuila, México.
ABSTRAC
The As users of construction materials, the properties that
interest us are the resistance and durability. Since ancient
times it has used the combination of two or more materials to
create compounds that will improve their mechanical, physical
and chemical properties to an optimal behavior that could not
be achieved with the materials separately. In this investigation
ash sugarcane bagasse was used; this alternative material can
be used as raw materials of partial or complete replacement of
Portland cement. The advantage of residues product it´s the
high fundamental oxide contents: Silicon (SiO2), Aluminum
(Al2O3) and Iron (Fe2O3), that appear in more than 70% of the
chemical composition of the S.C.B.A. For characterization
technique and XRD análisis of images obtained by a scanning
electron microscope (SEM) was used. This allows to consider it
like a material with puzolanic characteristics. This ground upon
contact with water, with an activator NaOH and cured under
special conditions, shows properties to water ash cement
paste. Based on the Mexican standardisation of the ONNCCE,
a methodology was settled down to make the sampling of the
S.C.B.A. It was chemically characterized and mechanical tests
were made times of hardened, fluidity and resistance, at ages
of 7 and 28 days, in mortar specimens.
Materials
The ash that was studied in this research was obtained and sampled
from the ashtrays of the bagasse boiler number two in the Mahuixtlán
Veracruz sugar mill.
Equipment
The chemical characterization of the SCBA was conducted by the
Center for Research and Advanced Studies (CINVESTAV) of the
National Polytechnic Institute (IPN), Saltillo, Coahuila Unit, through an
analysis of X-Ray Fluorescence.
SEM analyzes were performed at the Center for Research and
Innovation in Aerospace Engineering, UANL.
Characterization by SEM of SCBA
*e-mail: hehernandez@uv.mx y/o hectedu@hotmail.com
Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México.
INTRODUCTION
The manufacturing process of both, building materials and the
products from which such materials are made, cause an environmental
impact. This impact comes from the extraction of natural resources
necessary for their manufacture, their manufacturing process and
energy consumption in these processes. In sum, these activities turn
into toxic emissions to the atmosphere.
It is necessary to know the natural resources of each location and the
extent to which those resources can be renewed. There are some
materials that can be categorized as ecological, by their relationship to
natural products of widespread existence. For example: adobe,
bamboo rods, soil, clay bricks, building lime, and pozzolanic cement.
The general objective of this research was to evaluate the total
replacement of cement mortar cubes and evaluate their resistance.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Grinding the S.C.B.A. Mortar cubes were kept in a heat treatment at 60 ° C until assay date.
Taking as reference the NMX-C-061-ONNCCE standard and after several
previous assays led to the following dosage:
For the resistance tests, they were prepared mortar cubes, according
to the Mexican Standard NMX-C-061-ONNCCE-2006, which is used
for determining the compressive strength of hydraulic cementing
materials.
RESULTS
XRF
SCBA
50
45 45.26
40
35
30
25
20 SCBA
17.87
15
10
5 7.28
0
1 2 3
CONCLUSIONS
The chemical composition of the ash meets the main chemical requirements.
The SEM analysis shows the amorphous phases.
Resistance to 28 days in cubes with alkali activated SCBA are similar to resistance only cement cubes.
Resistance to 7 days with SCBA activated cubes are smaller than in alkali concrete cubes with a partial
replacement of cement by 5% SCBA;
Resistance to 28 days in cubes with alkali activated SCBA are higher about 38%, which in concrete cubes
with a partial replacement of cement by 5% SCBA.
REFERENCIAS
•G. Kovalchuk, A. Fernandez-Jiménez y A.Palomo, Alkali-Activated fly ash. Relationship between
mechanical strength gains and initial ash chemistry
•Hernández Martínez Héctor Eduardo.- Sutitución Parcial de Cemento Portland en Morteros mediante el
uso de ceniza de calderas bagaceras, Tesis de Maestría, Universidad Veracruzana, 2007
•NMX-C-061-ONNCCE-2001 “Industria de la construcción – Cemento – Determinación de la resistencia a
la compresión de cementantes hidráulicos”.