BUSEGA DISTRICT COUNCIL

FORM FOUR OPENING EXAMINATION – 2020

013 GEOGRAPHY MARKING SCHEME
SECTION A (15 Marks)
Question 1
i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x
A B A D E A C E C B
1 Mark @ =10 Marks
Question 2
i ii iii iv v
E B C A G
1 Mark @ = 05 Marks

SECTION B (55 Marks)

Question 3
a) The given scale of the map is 1cm ≡ 0.5 Km (0.5 Mark)
Therefore 1cm ≡ 0.5 Km
16.2 cm ≡ x
x = 16.2 cm x 0.5 Km. (0.5 Mark)
1 cm
= 8.1 Km
Therefore the length of the road from grid reference 680242 to 740294 according to the given
R.F Scale is 8.1 Km (1 Mark)
b) The scale of the map is 1:50000
One centimeter on the map represents a half Kilometer on the ground (0.5 Mark)
Half squares: 10 = 5 squares (0.5 Marks)
2
Full squares: 4 squares. (0.5 Marks)
ADD half squares and full squares: 5 + 4 = 9 squares. (0.5Marks)
But the area of a square is L x L= L2
Therefore 1Km x 1Km = 1Km2 (0.5Marks)
Area of 1 complete square = 1Km2
9 squares =?
= 9 squares x 1Km2 (0.5 Mark)
1 square
= 9 Km2
Therefore the area of Lake Balangida is 9 Km2 (1 Mark)

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 c) i) Contours (1 Mark)
ii) Trigonometrical stations (1 Mark)
iii) Form lines (1 Mark)

d) The mapped area is found under Equatorial climate 4020′S (1 Mark)

e) i) Livestock keeping due to the presence of Veterinary Rinderpest Control post at grid
reference 707180 and Dabil Cattle Market at grid reference 706264 (1Mark)
ii) Crop cultivation due to the presence of Grain Store at Grid reference 705264 (1Mark)
iii) Salt production due to the presence of Lake Balangida which is salty and soda
iv) Transportation due to the presence of Airstrip at grid reference 750288
(Any 2)
Question 4
a) i) Divergent bar graph (1 Mark)
ii) Divergent line graph (1 Mark)

b) i) Many calculations are involved (1Mark)

ii) They consumes a lot of time (1 Mark)
iii) When the calculations go wrong, the graph will not be accurate (1Mark)
iv) The graphs represent only one item at a time (1Mark)
v) They do not show absolute totals
(Any 4)
c) The candidate is required to draw either a divergent line graph or divergent bar graph.
Mean (X ¿=¿)
650
X=
6
X = 108.3
Therefore Mean (X) = 108.3 ≅ 108 (1 Mark)

2010 : 100 - 108 = -8 (0.5 Mark)

2011 : 150 - 108 = 42 (0.5 Mark)
2012 : 80 - 108 = -28 (0.5 Mark)
2013 : 70 - 108 = -38 (0.5 Mark)
2014 : 120 - 108 = 12 (0.5 Mark)
2015 : 130 - 108 = 22 (0.5 Mark)

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Question 5
a) i) The Chain (0.5 Mark)
ii) Measuring tape (0.5 Mark)
iii) Surveyor’s band (0.5 Mark)
iv) Cross staff (0.5 Mark)
v) Ranging pole (0.5 Mark)
vi) Steel arrows (0.5 Mark)
vii) Field note book and a pencil
(Any 6)
b) Stick in poles or arrows exactly on the line at A and B then set out equal perpendicular lines
AC and BD, long enough to clear or avoid the obstacle. Thus, line CD will be equal to line AB
and measurements along it can be processed as if it were line AB.

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Question 6
a) i) Personal experience (1 Mark)
ii) Problem existing in the society (1 Mark)
iii) Reading from different sources
(Any 2)
b) “Poor livestock quality in Tanzania” (2 Marks)
“Why low quality of livestock in Tanzania”
(Any relevant title/statement)
c) i) Questionnaire (1 Mark)
ii) Interview (1 Mark)
iii) Focus group discussion (1 Mark)
iv) Observation (1 Mark)

d) i) Deliberate/purposive/non-probability sampling (1 Mark)

ii) Simple random sampling (1 Mark)
iii) Systematic sampling (1 Mark)
iv) Stratified sampling (1 Mark)
v) Quota sampling
vi) Cluster sampling
(Any 4)
Question 7
a) Lumbering/logging (1 Mark)

b) Source of income (1 Mark)

Source of employment opportunities (1 Mark)
Source of industrial raw materials (e.g. paper making industries)
(Any 2)

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 c) The scale of production is a large scale because as it can be seen on the photograph the logs
are being prepared to be transported to the industry/factory (1 Marks)

d) i) Desertification (1 Mark)
ii) Soil erosion (1 Mark)
iii) Loss of biodiversity (1 Mark)

e) This is a ground level/ horizontal photograph since the camera is held on the same level
with the logs and no horizon. (1 Marks)

SECTION C (30 Marks)

Question 8
a) i) Internal migration (1 Mark)

ii) a) Availability of employment opportunities (1 Mark)

b) Education (1 Mark)
c) Attractive allowances (1 Mark)
d) Improved housing (1 Mark)
e) Better living standards
(Any 4)
b) i) Excessive utilization of the resources e.g. water
ii) Poor housing
iii) Environmental pollution
iv) Conflicts over the available resources
v) Eruption of water bone diseases e.g. cholera

(2 Marks for @ point with relevant explanation, 1Mark for @ point mentioned with
irrelevant explanation)

Question 9

Introduction
The Rufiji river basin is managed by the Rufiji Basin Water Board (RBWB) under the Ministry
of Water. It is one of the largest river basins in Africa, and covers an area of about 177,420 Km2.
It contains the Rufiji River which is the largest river in Tanzania.
(1.5 Marks)
Main body
 It has promoted the market of HEP from Kidatu power plant.
 There has been flood control.
 It has led to the creation of employment opportunities in the valley, thus promoted living
standards of people.
 It has led to the development of valleys and towns e.g. Kidatu, Mikumi and Makambako
 The board provides expert advice to the farmers on farming practice and solutions to
their farming problems
 A number of large irrigation projects on sugar and rice are carried out in the Kilombero
Valley and Usangu plains.

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 (2 Marks for @ point with relevant explanation, 1Mark for @ point mentioned with
irrelevant explanation)

Conclusion
The candidate should say something briefly on the challenges facing the Rufiji basin and give
his/her recommendations/suggestion.
(1.5 Marks for a relevant conclusion)
Question 10

Introduction
The candidate is required to define the term transport and mention types of transport.
(3 Marks)
Main body
 Inappropriate national policies and their limited implementation
 Liberalization/ privatization in rail, air and maritime transport
 Environmental problems
 Lack or poor transport network connectivity
 Inadequate human and institutional capacity Any 5
 High transport costs
 Poor transport safety and security
 Poor transport information systems
 Limited financial resources

(2 Marks for @ point with relevant explanation, 1Mark for @ point mentioned with
irrelevant explanation)

Conclusion
The candidate is required to show the efforts taken by the East African governments to address
transport challenges briefly and give his/her own recommendation/suggestion.
(2 Marks for a relevant conclusion)

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