BE Level 7 Interactive PDF Student Book - Complete

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Contents
CHAPTER/TITLE PAGES TOPICS
1 I’m under a lot of pressure. 1–5 • School pressures

• Teaching styles
• Stress reduction
2 ow are you taking the news?

H 6 – 11 • The economy
• Reactions to change
3 Y ou can say that again. 12 – 17 • Customer service

• Online shopping
• Service contracts
• Product defects
4 e had such a good time!

W 18 – 23 • Outdoor activities

• Festivals around the world
5 It’s cooler than I expected. 24 – 29 • Weather as a factor in

decision-making
• Environmental conditions
• Travel precautions
6 Review 30 – 35
Additional Action Modules 37 – 40
Vocabulary / Expressions Index 41 – 42
Grammar Index 43 – 44
iv Level 7 • Contents
OBJECTIVES GRAMMAR FEATURES
• Explaining the demands of school • Modals of probability: should, ought Word Play
• Summarizing actions taken (in a to, must, may, might, could On the Phone
crisis)
• Describing people’s reactions to
pressure
• Describing teaching styles
• Discussing economic changes • Modals in the passive voice: present Breaking the news
• Talking about difficult decisions tense forms Word Play
• Describing emotions and reactions
to change
• Talking about a service surprise • Gerunds and infinitives Word Play

• Describing customer service experi- On the Phone
ences
• Expressing satisfaction / dissatis-
faction
• Explaining problems with merchan-
dise
• Describing an outdoor activity • Phrasal verbs Word Play

• Talking about festivals and celebra- Culture Corner

tions
• Describing unusual outdoor events
• Talking about the weather • If-clause review Travel advisories

• Describing weather conditions Word Play
• Talking about travel concerns
Practice 45 – 54
Answer Key 55 – 57
Audio Script 58 – 64
Level 7 • Contents v
Chapter 1
I’m under a lot of pressure.

Topics
School pressures
Teaching styles
Stress reduction
Objectives
Explaining the demands
of class
Summarizing actions
taken (in a crisis)
Describing people’s
reactions to pressure
Describing teaching styles
Grammar
Modals of probability:
should, ought to, must,
may, might, could
1 E X P L A I N I N G T H E D E MANDS O F C LASS
Barry: This is Barry.
Ciro: Hi, Barry. It’s Ciro.
Barry: Hi, Ciro. Are you calling to confirm working on our project tomorrow?
Ciro: Actually, I’m calling to say that I have to cancel.
Barry: Oh, that’s too bad. Is everything OK?
Ciro: Remember that big paper I told you I was working on?
Barry: Yeah.
Ciro: Well, it just got bigger. My professor decided to expand certain parts of it. To
make matters worse, I have three other huge projects going on right now.
Barry: Sounds pretty rough, Ciro. Listen, there’s no pressure on us to meet this week.
Why don’t you give me a call when things get a little better?
Ciro: That may not be for a couple of weeks yet, Barry.
Barry: That’s all right. The due date is a long way off.
Ciro: Thanks, Barry. I appreciate your understanding.
Summarizing actions taken in a crisis
2 When things go wrong
Charles Dempsey
Kathy Yang
Send
Subject: schedule update
Hi Charles,
As you know from our conversation in class, my part of the project has fallen behind
schedule. I’ve had some problems that I didn’t anticipate.
I promise I’m doing everything I can to get the project back on track. I’m working on it
constantly, but it’s going to be hard to make up the time in the schedule.
I know how important this project is to our grades - it’s a huge percentage. I’m really wor-
ried that my part of the project will give us a bad grade.
I need your advice on how to handle the situation. Can you meet with me later today or
tomorrow?
TI P !
morale vs. moral — the final ‘e’ makes all the difference in meaning and pronunciation
morale [morale] = the state of mind of an individual or group
moral [moral] = a lesson in right or wrong learned from a story or situation
3 Turning things around

Raj Gupta
Jerry Stuart
Send
Subject: Thanks
Hi Raj,
I took your advice about addressing the group’s fear of a bad grade after one of our group
members left our group and dropped the class. I brought everyone together and told them
that I’d spoken to the professor about our situation, and he not only understood, but would
allow us some more time to complete the extra work. Everyone reacted positively when I
told them that.
We worked together to redistribute the work and reschedule deadlines for each of our parts
of the project. I think the situation is under control now, and the project is nearly back on
schedule. By the way, I received a nice compliment from my professor on my leadership
skills.
Thanks for all your help, Raj. Your advice really helped me turn things around.
Level 7 • Chapter 1 1
Focusing on language
4 WORD PLAY Phrases for projects and schedules
ahead of schedule = early

on schedule = on time
behind schedule = late
under control = (a difficult situation that is being) managed successfully

out of control = (a difficult situation that has become) unmanageable
on track = going according to plan

off track = not going according to plan
5 Modals of probability — degrees of certainty
more certain: should, ought to, must

Lee should be calling any minute.
It’s now 5:55, and he promised to call by 6:00.
The professor ought to like the design. T IP !

We followed all of her specifications.
Should is more common than
Professor Winston must be happy with your work if she ought to in conversation.
asked you to present at a conference.
less certain: may, might, could

The parking lot is crowded. We may not find a place to park here.
Class might start a little late. Some people haven’t arrived yet.
If the drivers go on strike, we could have a really big problem on our hands.
— When will the report be ready?

—W e may finish by Friday. We might be able to finish it sooner. I think we could finish on
Wednesday if we finish all the research on time.
— Will you be able to meet me on Saturday?

— I should be free Saturday afternoon. Will that work for you?
— Why haven’t we heard from Richard?

— He must still be on the plane. Let’s call the airline to see if it’s landed.
— Do you think Jan will be happy with the card?

— She ought to be. It’s exactly her taste!
2 Level 7 • Chapter 1
6 ON THE PHONE Tone of voice says it all
— You have reached Ed Norton. Please leave a message, and I’ll return your call. Thank
you.
— Hi, Ed. It’s Paolo Rossi. I’ve come up with several ideas on how to finish our project
on time after all our delays. The situation may not be quite as bleak as we
thought. I’d like to share my ideas with you. Please give me a call at 212-555-
4689. Thank you.
7 Understanding stress
Stress is an abnormal condition that disrupts the normal
functions of the body or mind. No two people are affected in
exactly the same way, or to the same degree, but most people
living in industrialized societies suffer from its effects at one
or more times during their lives. Symptoms include mild head-
aches, insomnia, restlessness, and digestive problems.
causes of school-related stress:
www.CartoonStock.com
• trying to do too much in too little time
• taking chances that may put your grades at risk
• trying to get along with classmates and professors
Source: www.lifescope.com
8 Describing people’s reactions to pressure
Milt has the ideal personality to handle pressure. He’s calm and
almost never gets upset. He’s very organized and regularly
spends time prioritizing tasks. He paces himself in his work so
that he doesn’t have to race to meet a due date. Because he has
confidence in his skills, he spreads work out as much as he can,
so that his workload remains manageable. In short, Milt has poise,
perspective and peace-of-mind. And so,
for the most part, he lives a stress-free
existence.
milt
Wilt, on the other hand, is not built to
handle pressure. He is tense and very
excitable by nature. When his work
becomes difficult, Wilt becomes anxious and impatient with his classmates.
He procrastinates and tries to do everything at the last minute. In most
cases, he doesn’t finish his homework and projects by their due dates.
He tries to be all things to all people at all times, which is a sure formula
wilt
for failure. Wilt lives a stressful existence which, unfortunately, is largely
of his own making.
Describing management styles
9 Does your professor make you feel stressed?
YOSHIO SHIRLEY SIMON HIROKO
yes no yes no yes no yes no

learn
style
10 What does it take to be a good professor?
a good professor should ...
q have good communication skills q encourage classmates to interact
q make clear what needs to

q give advice when needed
be done and how to do it
q be able to start interesting discussions q support creative thinking

q be able to explain in multiple ways for q know students’ strengths and weaknesses
multiple learning styles
q reward excellence
q be able to give constructive criticism
11 Letting off steam
One of the best antidotes

for stress is physical
activity.
What do you do to
reduce the effects
of stress?
exercising socializing playing
Academic Skills: BE Level 7 Chapter 1
1 Vocabulary and expressions

Try to explain each item on the list using your own words and ideas. Create some context in which you
would use the item.
1. Ahead of schedule
2. Out of control
3. To under-deliver
4. Stress
5. Pressure
6. To let off steam
7. Antidote
8. To over-promise
Level 7 • Chapter 1 5a
2 Grammar
Can you identify the structures? What do the modal verbs express?
My appointment shouldn’t take long. Will you wait for me?

It’s almost nine. Mary ought to be here any minute.
John isn’t sure where he’ll spend his vacation. He may go to Spain.
I might have to work late tomorrow, but I don’t know yet.
“Where’s Mrs. Gordon? She’s late.” “She could be stuck in traffic.”
3 Grammar practice: Should or could?
Complete the conversations using should or could.
Example: “Where’s Bill?” “I don’t know. He left at eight, so he should be here any minute.”
1. “How are we going to get home?” “If there aren’t any taxis around, we __________ take a bus.”
2. “This has been the worst day of my life.” “Don’t worry. Nothing else __________ possibly happen.”
3. “What do you want to do this weekend?” “If the weather’s nice we __________ go to the beach.”
4. “What time will you get here?” “Well, the trip takes two hours, so we __________ be there by
seven.”
5. “When will you be ready?” “I __________ be finished soon — I’ve only got one more page to type.”
5b Level 7 Chapter 1
4 Listening comprehension
Listen to the dialogue. Complete the sentences using information from the dialogue. You can also add
some of your own ideas.
1. Frank tells Taylor that
2. Frank has plus
3. Frank says that he’s
4. Taylor says that Frank is trying to
5. Taylor suggests
5 Writing activity
Write two more exchanges (four to five questions, responses, statements) between Taylor and Frank.
How could this dialogue continue? Share your dialogues with the class.
Level 7 • Chapter 1 5c
6 Discussion
Discuss the following questions.
1. What pressures do you face at university?
2. Do these pressures cause you stress?
3. How does stress normally affect you?
4. What can you do to let off steam when you’re stressed
or facing too much pressure at university?
5. How do you think you could manage your stress better?
6. What could the university do to support students in times of stress? Do you know of any offers
or available options? Give some examples.
7 Grammar practice: May or must?
Complete the sentences using may or must.
Example: John worked until ten o’clock last night; he must be very tired.
1. I just called Anne and there was no answer. She __________ be out.
2. I’m not sure I can finish this by five o’clock. I __________ have to work late this evening.
3. If this storm continues, we __________ have to go home early.
4. Joe figured out how to operate the software program in a few hours. He __________ be very
clever.
5. Peter hardly ever leaves the office before 6 p. m. He __________ take his job very seriously.
6. You’d better take an umbrella. It __________ rain.
5d Level 7 Chapter 1
8 Practical situations
What would you say or do in each situation?
Situation 1
It’s final exam week. You have two papers due and three final exams to take this week. You’re
extremely stressed and don’t know how you will finish everything on time. Ask your roommate for
help prioritizing your tasks.
Situation 2
You have a bigger workload than normal this semester and are under a lot of pressure to do well. As
a result, you’re suffering from sleep deprivation and sickness. Ask the campus doctor what you can
do to stay healthy.
Level 7 • Chapter 1 5e
9 Grammar practice: Choose the right meaning
Circle or underline the phrase that is closest in meaning to the modal in each sentence.
1. Jane must be at home now.

a. She’s definitely... b. She’s probably... c. Maybe she’s...
2. Carole may have some resumes on file.

a. She must have... b. She definitely has... c. She might have...
3. The company may decide to go ahead with the acquisition.

a. I’m sure they will... b. I assume they will... c. Perhaps they will...
4. We may not have the results before the end of the month.
a. I know we won’t... b. We shouldn’t... c. We might not...
5. The manager’s performance has been so bad, he may be asked to resign.

a. He will be asked... b. He might be asked... c. He should be asked...
10 Reading practice: Sleep is important!
Want to slash your healthcare costs, boost your

brainpower and increase your financial smarts? Get
some sleep. Too little sleep can bring on costly health
problems. A 2011 study by the University of California at
San Diego and Harvard University concluded that men
who missed out on deep sleep were 83% more likely to
develop high blood pressure. Other research indicates
that being tired is correlated to consuming too many
calories. And if you’ve got permanent under eye circles,
you’re likely to be losing career opportunities too.
Contemplating a big purchase or investing decision? Not only does a lack of adequate sleep impair
decision-making, but sleep deprivation changes the way your brain assesses economic value, making
you more likely to take risks.
Dr. Nancy Collop, director of the Emory Sleep Center in Atlanta says that if you’re having trouble
settling down, create a sleep routine, ask about a prescription, invest in exercise or if nothing else
works, try cognitive behavioral therapy, which seeks to train your mental habits.
5f Level 7 Chapter 1
11 Comprehension questions
Are the following statements true or false?
1. Lack of sleep reduces healthcare costs.

A. True B. False
2. Being tired is correlated with consuming too many calories.

A. True B. False
3. Lack of sleep can impact decisions one may make.

A. True B. False
4. Lack of sleep may cause you to lose career opportunities.

A. True B. False
5. To avoid sleep deprivation one should invest in exercise.

A. True B. False
6. To avoid sleep deprivation one shouldn’t develop a sleep routine.

A. True B. False
12 Exchanging words
Go back to the text in Activity 10. What would be another word for:
1. “slash” in sentence 1?
2. “correlated” in sentence 5?
3. “permanent” in sentence 6?
4. “contemplating” in paragraph 2, sentence 1?
5. “impair” in paragraph 2, sentence 2?
Level 7 • Chapter 1 5g
13 Mini-Presentation
As president of the student body, you have been asked to develop a seminar that discusses ideas for
university students to stay healthy during times of pressure (e.g. final exams, dealing with deadlines,
etc.). You are submitting your seminar proposal to the Dean tomorrow. What will you say?
You might want to consider the following questions in your presentation:
When will the seminar take place?
What will the seminar discuss?
Will you have guest speakers, for example the campus doctor, nutritionist, or other experts?
Why is it important for the university to offer students a seminar like this?
5h Level 7 Chapter 1
Level 7 • Chapter 1 5i
Chapter 2
How are you taking the news?

Topics
The economy
Reactions to change
Objectives
Discussing economic changes
Talking about difficult
decisions
Describing emotions and
reactions to change
Grammar
Modals in the passive voice:
present tense forms
1 R E A C T I N G TO A D I F FI C U LT CHANG E
Dan: Have you heard the news? Half the professors in our department are going to be
eliminated.
Al: Yes, I heard about it this morning. How are you taking it?
Dan: Not great. One of my favorite teachers is being eliminated. He was so excellent.
Al: That’s awful! I wonder how they decided who to eliminate and who to keep. I hope they
aren’t eliminating the wrong people.
Dan: Our department is full of great professors. I can think of another department that has
some dead weight.
Al: Honestly, so can I.
6
Discussing economic changes
2 What happens when the economy …
GROWS SHRINKS
T IP !
at the corporate level
• output increases • output decreases A surging stock market is often
• workers are hired • workers are laid off referred to as a “bull” market.
• salaries increase • salaries freeze A slumping stock market is a
• stock market rises • stock market falls “bear” market.
at the individual level

• consumer confidence increases • consumer confidence decreases
GROWGSROWSSHRINSKH
S RINKS
• consumers spend more freely
• individuals invest in markets
• consumers become frugal
• individuals invest conservatively
3 Economic ups and downs: A tale of one country

4 I graduated early
— How have you been? Are classes going well
for you these days?
— Not anymore.
— What do you mean?
— I graduated early! You didn’t know that?
— No, I had no idea! How did you do it?
— I took at least two summer classes each year
to get rid of courses that were outside my
major. I even took a couple of winter courses
over winter break. It really paid off. Now I’m
in the work world a year early!
— Wow, that’s great! Have you already found a
job then?
— Well, I found a part-time job for now. The economy isn’t very good, it’s hard to find full-time
work in my field.
— What’s your field?
5 Modals in the passive voice: present tense forms
expressing probability
My graduation may be postponed. I think it ought to be discussed in our class.
Several professors might be eliminated. Sheila could be sent to Paris for her year abroad.
We should be told more about it soon. The science students must be pleased about that.
A FRIENDL Y REMINDER !
when to use the passive
• Use the passive when the action, or the result of an action, is more important to
communicate than the person doing the action.
• The passive is commonly used when you don’t know or don’t want to say who is per-
forming the action.
• The passive is used more often in writing than in speaking.
To: All students

From: Raymond Turner, President Year-end
Re: Notes
I’m writing to thank all of you for your hard work and dedication during a difficult year.
I would also like to inform you that unfortunately next year several buildings will need to close
earlier in the evening due to a lack of funds to keep them open.

As you know, the recession has been hard on our school. In order to maintain our high standing in
the collegiate community, we are doing everything we can to improve this situation.
Best regards,
Raymond Turner
President
6 Questions in the passive modals in the responses
— Will the restaurant be closed this year? — It might be. / It could be. / It should be.
— Is class still going to be held? — It might be. / It could be. / It should be.
— Are the tests going to be reviewed? — They might be. / They could be. / They should be.
Dealing with transitions
7 What choices are they faced with? What would you do?
JEROME BRIDGET ALISSA MITCHELL
choice
8 Describing reactions to change

not yet ready to move on ready to move on
— Did graduation go well? Are you excited to — Did graduation go well? Are you excited to
be in the real world now? be in the real world now?
—N
ot so much. At first I felt scared and —Y
es! I applied to three jobs before I gradu-
nervous that I would have a hard time ated, and I already have interviews with two
getting a job and paying my student loans. of the companies.
Now I just wish I was in college again. I miss — That sounds really exciting.
it already. —C
ollege really prepared me well for the
—O
nce you get a job, you’ll feel much better. business world. I’ve been chafing at the bit
You can always come back and visit! to get my career going.
9 Describing emotions
We experience many emotions when changes occur in our lives. Depending on the nature of the
change, the emotions may be positive, negative, or a little bit of both. Some of the ways we feel in
times of change include
positive negative
excited hopeful depressed hopeless

glad relieved disappointed guilty
optimistic grateful pessimistic bitter
confident ecstatic discouraged furious
10 The best ways to break the worst news
Everyone has had to break bad news in their life, whether it’s breaking up with a boyfriend / girlfriend
or bad grades or an illness in the family. It’s one of the hardest things to do. So what’s the best way to
go about it? This detailed list will help you deal with breaking unwanted news in the best way possible.
Every situation is different, but you can always keep these things in mind to help guide you in not
making a bad situation worse.
do — don’t —
Wimp Out. Don’t text or email bad news to
Be Prepared. Make sure you have all the information
someone. It’s very cold and disconnected.
necessary and that the information is correct.
Make It Harder. Avoid beating around the bush
Follow a Script. Memorize — but don’t read — a
and hinting at things instead of just saying them
script. Keep the description short and to the point
outright.
so that the person receiving the news has time to
comprehend the situation and then ask questions. Wait until a Holiday. Whether it’s a religious or
national holiday, a birthday, or an anniversary, try
Offer Help. Ask if there’s anything you can do, and
not to deliver bad news too close to that time.
insist that the person keep in touch in the case of
delivering news of illness or death. Use Pleasantries. Say Hello, but don’t say
Good morning, because it isn’t going to be a good
Anticipate Reactions. Be ready for any possible
morning.
reaction: anger, shock, denial, or even a controlled
response. Make Promises. It isn’t a good idea to assume the
situation will turn out one way or another without
Be Respectful. Don’t just deliver the news gently,
finding out for sure. Broken promises are worse in
deliver it with appropriate somberness and
bad times.
understanding.
Use Humor. Humor is definitely a no-no in any bad
Reassure. No matter what the situation is, let the
situation in which someone will have their feelings
person know everything will be okay in one way or
hurt.
another. If you have an idea of what comes next or
how to rectify the issue, include that.

Adapted from “The Best Ways to Break the Worst News to Employees,” Business Week Online, Feb. 12, 2001. Copy-
right 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies.
11
WORK WORLD Corporate euphemisms for fired
bumped involuntarily separated

discontinued nonretained
disemployed severed
dislocated surplussed
displaced transitioned
downsized vocationally relocated
“Pendleton, as of noon today your services will no longer
Source: William Lutz, Rawson’s Dictionary of Euphemisms be required. Meanwhile, keep up the good work.”
and Other Doubletalk, Executive Recruiter News
©2003 The New Yorker Collection: from Cartoonbank.
com. All Rights Reserved.

Look at items 1-6 and then use an adjective (a-f) to describe your emotions in each particular
situation. Add other adjectives of your choice if necessary.
1. Homesick a. depressed
2. Pass an exam b. optimistic
3. Miss an assignment deadline c. grateful
4. Argue with your roommate d. furious
5. Meet with your advisor e. discouraged
6. Find a job on campus f. confident
2 Grammar
Our exam may be postponed.
Professor Liam could be promoted to department head this year.
The students should be told more about it soon.

3 Grammar practice: Modal verbs
Fill in the blanks with modals in passive voice- present tense.
Example: My dissertation topic might be denied. (might, deny)
1. I’m afraid your watch _____________ . (can’t, repair)
2. If necessary, the deadline ___________ . (could, extend)
3. These old clothes __________ to charity. (may, donate)
4. TFT screens __________ with a soft, dry cloth. (should, clean)
5. This package __________ by tomorrow morning. (must, deliver)
6. This report doesn’t ____________ until Friday. (have to, finish)
Listen to the dialogue. Then answer the comprehension

questions
1. Why can’t Nathan’s family afford his tuition for next year?
2. When would Nathan graduate?
3. How does Nathan react to this change?
4. What does Nathan ask Jen?

5 Writing activity
Imagine that you are Jen. Write down two to four ideas that you could suggest to help Nathan.
Share your ideas with the class.
6 What would you do if ...?
Your younger sibling will be graduating in two weeks. (S)he has mixed emotions about being ready
to move on and beginning a career in the workforce. You graduated three years ago. Your sibling
asks you for advice on how you handled these emotions and reactions to change. How would you
encourage him / her?

7 Grammar practice: Active to passive with modals: Present forms
Change the active sentences below into the passive.
Examples: You mustn’t leave the car unlocked. g The car mustn’t be left unlocked.
1. Customers can rent our cars for a half day.
2. You mustn’t allow your kids to stay up so late.
3. The company may promote me this year.
4. We could turn down the heat.
What do you say in each scenario?
Situation 1
It’s your second year at university. You realize that you don’t want to major in chemistry anymore.
You feel discouraged and hopeless. You schedule an appointment to meet with your advisor. What
do you say when you meet?

Situation 2
Your roommate is taking an art history class this semester. She is disappointed because she finds it
extremely boring and can’t stand going to class. She needs to decide whether she should drop it and
take another course or be optimistic that it will get better throughout the semester. She asks you
for advice. What do you say?
9 Grammar practice
Choose the correct passive voice modal response.
1. Will the university be remodeled this year?

a. It might be b. They might be
2. Is the dining hall still going to be open at midnight?

a. It’s shouldn’t be b. It shouldn’t be
3. Are your classes going to be scheduled?

a. They should be b. It should be
4. Is the exam still going to be on Friday?

a. It’s could be b. It could be
5. Will tuition be higher next year?

a. It might be b. They might be

10 Reading comprehension: The disappearing desktop
LinkedIn recently asked more than 7,000 members of its professional network in 18 countries
about which office supplies they see going away in the next five years. Topping the list was the tape
recorder. Here are seven other habits and tools destined for extinction.
- Zip drivers will decline as the global market for cloud computing grows.
- Palm Pilots along with sales of other PDAs went down from 94% between 2002 and 2012.
- Cubicles are getting replaced by collaborative and shared spaces.
- Desktop computers will be replaced by tablets by 2016.
- Rolodexes are increasingly irrelevant thanks to social networks and smartphones.
- Fixed schedules are disappearing. In 2008, 79% of employers allowed some workers to
periodically change their arrival and departure time.
- Business attire is fading. Casual Friday increasingly extends to the rest of the week.
11 Comprehension check
Are the following statements true or false? Circle T or F.
1. Zip drivers won’t be affected by cloud computing.

T F
2. Palm Pilot sales increased from 2002-2012.

T F
3. Companies are requiring more employees to have fixed schedules.

T F
4. Business attire is fading.

T F
5. Rolodexes are no longer needed thanks to social networks and smartphones.

T F

12 Reading strategy: Making predictions
Go back to the text in Activity 10. Predict what you believe will happen next. Maybe some things
have already happened. Describe in more detail and provide examples. Here are some questions that
might be useful:
How will technology advance in your field of studies?
Will these technological advancements affect your studies? If so, in what way?
What changes or developments do you notice in your field of expertise?
Will your degree be enough to get a job, or will you need to have work experience, internships,
voluntary work, etc. on your CV too?
You believe the university should create a social networking site to help students deal with difficult
decisions, their emotions and/or reactions to change. You are meeting with the university president
on Tuesday to discuss your ideas. What will you say?
Consider the following questions and any other ideas you might have:
Who would develop, maintain, and/or monitor the site?
How could the social networking site help students?
Would more students participate if it was online or private?
What would the disadvantages be of using social networking versus a face to face support group?


Chapter 3
You can say that again.

Topics
Customer service
Online shopping
Service contracts
Product defects
Objectives
Talking about a service
surprise
Describing customer service
experiences
Expressing satisfaction /
dissatisfaction
Explaining problems with
merchandise
Grammar
Gerunds and infinitives
1 T A LK I N G A B OUT A S ER V I C E SU R P R I SE
Carlo: What did you do this weekend, John?
John: Lots of little projects around the house. My parents bought some shelves for
their bedroom closet a couple months ago, but had never gotten around to
putting them up. So this weekend we decided to install them.
Carlo: Are they happy with the closet now?
John: Well, it wasn’t as easy as we thought. Once we started building the shelves, we
discovered that an entire bag of parts was missing.
Carlo: Oh no. So what did you do?
John: You won’t believe this, but they put all the pieces back in the box and went
to the store where they had bought it to see if they could give us the missing
parts.
Carlo: What did they do?
John: They took the shelves back and gave us a brand new set of shelves. No
questions asked. We were so surprised.
Carlo: Wow, that’s great service.
John: You can say that again.
12
Exploring ways to shop
2 To go to the lot or not
AutoSales
“NO SCRATCHES, NO CHIPS, NO DENTS,”
Adam Simms promises. “No stains, no scuffs, price. Instead, he wants shoppers to go to his
no spots. Anything that needs to be repaired or company’s website and request whatever they
replaced within the next 12 months or 12,000 want. A 1997 BMW 540i with fewer than 41,000
miles, we’re going to take care of.” He sounds a miles*? All a customer has to do is ask. Instantly,
lot like a used-car salesman. And several years iMotors will quote a no-haggling price for that
ago, that’s exactly what he was. But now the model. At that moment, the company won’t have
38-year-old Simms is chief executive officer of the specific car in stock. In fact, it carries essen-
iMotors.com, an Internet-based retailer that has tially no inventory whatsoever. But it is connect-
huge ambitions for changing the way Americans ed to tens of thousands of sources of used cars.
buy secondhand cars. Within minutes after customers place a request,
iMotors can start tracking down an exact match.
In Simms’ world, there is no reason anymore Once it finds the right car, iMotors can take
for shoppers to visit a used-car lot, where they possession of the car, spruce it up, and then
might see a selection of 150 or so cars that deliver it to an iMotors storefront located near
forces them to figure out what comes closest the customer’s home.
to their desires — and then to haggle over the
*approx. 65,000 km
© 2003 Constance Loizos. All rights reserved. Reprinted from Fast Company Magazine, published
by Gruner + Jahr USA Publishing, with permission.
3 Is that some kind of a mark there?

scratch chip dent stain scuff spot crack smudge
4 It’s a bargain
Salesman: Hi, are you interested in a wide-screen TV?
Shopper: No, I’m looking for a DVD player.
Salesman: We have several models. Here, I’ll show
you. This is a very popular player. It has all
the latest features, and it’s 20% off this
week.
Shopper: I have a five-year-old TV. Do you think this
will be compatible with it?
Salesman: Oh, yes. There are no compatibility issues
with any of our models.
Shopper: Great. And it looks like a good price.
Salesman: It’s a real bargain — and an excellent
product. By the way, for just fifty dollars
more, I could offer you a five-year service
contract to cover all repairs and maintenance.
Shopper: But it’s brand new. Why would I need a service contract?
5 WORD PLAY Expressions relating to price
a good price vs. much too expensive

T IP !
What a bargain. What a rip-off.
It was a steal. It cost an arm and a leg. These expressions are
informal — some of them
It was dirt-cheap. I paid through the nose.
very informal.
6 Gerunds and infinitives
a gerund can be the subject of the sentence

Getting a refund is easy if you have your receipt.
Complaining to the manager is the only solution.
Returning an item usually takes a few minutes.
Waiting in line is annoying.
some verbs are followed by the gerund

Susan enjoys window-shopping.
T IP!
Joe denied spending money in Las Vegas. window-shop = to look at
Emily avoids using cash whenever possible. merchandise in store windows
Kurt finished washing his car before lunch.
some verbs are followed by the infinitive

We expected to hear from you yesterday.
Can Mr. Alford really afford to buy a second house?

The store refused to exchange the dress.
The manager asked to see the customer’s receipt.
some verbs can be followed by the infinitive or the gerund

Our friends like to shop / shopping at malls.
We tried to find / finding a sales associate, but couldn’t.
Anthony continued to buy / buying their products for years.
Some children start to notice / noticing the labels on their clothes at age four.
7 What happened first?
sometimes there’s a difference in meaning when you use an infinitive vs. a gerund
Ana will remember to call her cousin.

Ana will remember calling her cousin.
Oliver stopped to read the newspaper.

Oliver stopped reading the newspaper.
Describing customer service experiences
8 How did they treat you?
OLIVIA JEAN-PIERRE SAMANTHA JAMES
Where?
Why?
9 Expressing total satisfaction / dissatisfaction

— Will you ever go there again?
— In a heartbeat. — Not on your life!
— You wouldn’t have to ask twice. — There’s no way on earth.
— Would you recommend the place?

— It’s one of the best — hands down. — Never in a million years.
— In a (New York)* minute. — You’re kidding, right?
* Reportedly, time moves faster in New York than anywhere else.
10 Did you hear the one about …?
Airline passenger at check-in counter —

©2003 The New Yorker Collection: from
Cartoonbank.com. All Rights Reserved.
Employee: Hi. May I help you?

Passenger: Yes, I’d like to send this bag to
London, this bag to Madrid, and
this one to Vienna.
Employee: I’m sorry. We can’t do that.
Passenger: Oh, yes, you can. You did it the last
time I flew this airline. “We have a calendar based on the book, stationery based
on the book, an audiotape of the book, and a videotape of
the movie based on the book, but we don’t have the book.”
damaged goods
11 Explaining problems with merchandise
it’s not right for me it’s defective
It’s the wrong size / color. It was broken when I opened the box.
It’s too big / small. There’s a hole in it. broken torn
loose / tight stain on it
I changed my mind. A part / piece is missing.
It’s not really my style. It doesn’t work.
bent
12 ON THE PHONE
Service Rep: Hello. TechToys.
Customer: Hi, I’m calling about the electronic water gun that I ordered
from your Website for my son.
Service Rep: Yes. How can I help you?
Customer: It seems to be missing a few parts.
Service Rep: Have you checked all the parts against the list in the box?
Customer: Yes, I have. I can tell you everything that’s missing.
Service Rep: OK. Just give me a moment.
13 Your change, sir! (based on a true story)

Three weeks ago, Mr. W. B. Lottner went to his local bank branch to exchange money after a trip. When he
returned home, he discovered a message on his answering machine from the employee who had helped him.
“Mr. Lottner, thank you for banking with us today. However, we made a mistake in your favor. You owe us

ten cents. Please come to our branch at your earliest convenience and repay the discrepancy.” Mr. Lottner
thought it was a joke and decided to ignore the message.
The next day he found another message waiting for him with the same request. “This is too much,” he
thought, and promptly called the bank. He spoke to the employee who had left the message and told her that
he didn’t think the bank would appreciate that its employees were spending valuable time in order to recover
ten cents.
The employee could not believe that Mr. Lottner would not agree to return money that was not his. After
much discussion and with no agreement reached, Mr. Lottner decided it was best to put the incident behind
him.
Last week, Mr. Lottner visited his bank to do some business. The employee who had previously hounded him
for the ten cents recognized him immediately. “Mr. Lottner,” she said, “do you remember that you exchanged
some money a few weeks ago and there was a discrepancy? Now that you’re here, would you mind settling
the debt?” Incredulous, Mr. Lottner reached into his pocket and gave the employee a dollar, asking her to keep
the change.
Mr. Lottner then left the bank. Unbeknownst to him, the employee was in hot pursuit. As he crossed the wide
main street downtown, she caught up with him. In her hands were a receipt for ten cents and 90 cents change.
The employee begged Mr. Lottner to take the money and the receipt. After all that he had been through, Mr.
Lottner paused to think about it. Then he …

Think about different activities you have participated in or places you have visited on or around
campus. Choose an expression from the list to describe your experience and give reasons for your
choice.
1. In a heartbeat
2. Not on your life!
3. It’s one of the best – hands down!
4. Never in a million years!
5. You wouldn’t have to ask twice!
Which activities / places should be improved? How? Why?
2 Grammar
Bob and Mary enjoy going to the theater.

How long ago did you quit smoking?
We’ve decided to go to Morocco on our vacation.
The department promised to send us brochures.
They expect to sign the contract tomorrow.
John expects us to go to the conference.

3 Grammar practice: Gerund or infinitive?

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form (gerund or infinitive) of the verb in parentheses.
1. Many people enjoy __________ the news online. (read)

2. What time did you and Tony agree __________? (meet)
3. Melanie suggested __________ to a movie, but her boyfriend didn’t want to. (go)
4. Ed hopes __________ the research by the end of next week. (finish)
5. I don’t mind __________ your office to discuss the details. (stop by)
6. Don’t turn. Keep __________ straight. (go)
7. Did you have trouble __________ from campus? (get away)
8. The university plans __________ two more departments next year. (open)
9. I really dislike __________; I’d rather take the train. (fly)
10. Is there any way we can avoid __________ our fees? (raise)
Listen to the following dialogue. Then complete the sentences using information from the dialogue.
You can also add some of your own ideas.
1. Heidi asks
2. Heidi says
3. Kevin didn’t
4. Heidi advises
5. Kevin would like
6. Kevin wants

5 Writing activity
Imagine that you are Kevin. Write an e-mail (one to two paragraphs), expressing your dissatisfaction
about bookstore prices. Does the university have any other options or special discounts for staff and
students?
Send
Subject:
6 Discussion
How do you think universities can make their bookstore prices more competitive with online stores?
Do you think they should do that? Give reasons for your opinion.
What do you think of the services provided by online booksellers as opposed to bookstores?
Are students better off buying certain items at the bookstore instead of online? If so, which items?

7 Grammar
Some verbs can be followed by infinitive or gerund, and the meaning of the sentence doesn’t change.
In some cases it does change.
Look at the examples.
They continued to work after lunch. n They continued working after lunch.
I like to read crime novels. n I like reading crime novels.
I stopped to help the old woman. n (I stopped what I was doing in order to help her)
I stopped helping the old woman. n (At first I helped her, but then I stopped)
8 Grammar practice: Same meaning or different meaning?
Decide whether the pairs of sentences have the same meaning or different meanings.
Same Different
Example: We like to go out to dinner.
We like going out to dinner. __x __ _____
Same Different
1. We continued to work after lunch.
We continued working after lunch. _____ _____
2. Did Tricia forget to go to the store?

Did Tricia forget going to the store? _____ _____
3. How long ago did you start to work here?

How long ago did you start working here? _____ _____
4. I hate to work on Saturdays!

I hate working on Saturdays! _____ _____
5. Do you think we could stop to eat soon?

Do you think we could stop eating soon? _____ _____

Situation 1
You bought your textbooks from the campus bookstore. When you returned to your dorm and began
your assigned reading, you notice that the ink on the pages is smudged and some pages are missing.
Call the bookstore and complain. What do you say?
Situation 2
You work at the campus bookstore. A student wants to return a sweatshirt that she bought because
it’s the wrong size and there is a spot on the sleeve. You ask for the receipt and the student says
that she lost it. Tell the student about the campus bookstore return policy. What do you say?

10 Reading comprehension: The end of cash
This is the year the surging popularity of the mobile wallet, a smartphone that also acts as credit
card, checkbook and shop-bot will radically shift shopping habits. It’s the biggest thing in retail since
the credit card got us talking about a cashless economy. The driving force is communication: cash
can’t communicate, but phones can.
Our comfort and routine with cash and credit cards have
been barriers of a sort. But mobile payment could jump
the fence and move faster than anyone expects. The
consumers will save money, in part through deals that
are based on past purchases, not just random offers. And
they’ll get better financial control. But on an every day
level, the mobile wallet’s big promise may lie in the little
problems it can solve. “If it’s a busy lunchtime and I can
preorder and prepay at Chipotle, skipping the long line,”
says Charles Wilson, who helps companies with social-
media strategies, “then it’s a godsend.”
Ed McLaughling, head of emerging payments at MasterCard, agrees with Wilson and says that “cash
will never go away but will only become less useful. It’s going to be like the postage stamp. If you
aren’t used to using it, it won’t make a whole lot of sense why one would.”
1. Mobile wallet is a smartphone that acts as a credit card and checkbook.

T F
2. Mobile wallets will not change shopping habits.

T F
3. Mobile wallets are effective because they can communicate in different ways compared to cash.
T F
4. Consumers won’t have more financial control through mobile wallets.

T F
5. Cash will cease to exist one day.

T F
6. Some people view mobile wallets as a godsend.

T F

12 A reading strategy: Understanding
Create three questions about the text and ask them to the class.
You believe mobile wallets would be a great asset to university students. If the university developed
its own mobile wallet, it could store student ID information, credit cards, tuition balance and meal
plans. You want to present your idea to the university president this week. What will you say?
These questions might be useful:
Who would create the university mobile wallet?

Would students be charged a fee to use it?
How could the university secure each student’s mobile wallet from hackers?
What are the advantages for students to use mobile wallets?
What could the critics say?


Chapter 4
We had such a good time!

Topics
Outdoor activities
Festivals around the world
Objectives
Describing an outdoor
activity
Talking about festivals and
celebrations
Describing unusual outdoor
events
Grammar
Phrasal verbs
1 D E SCRI B I N G A N OUTDO O R AC TI V I TY
Marie: How was the long weekend?
Diane: Very nice, thanks. On Sunday, we went to the Labor Day Festival at the park.
Marie: How was it?
Diane: It was a lot of fun. There was a parade, activities for kids, and some live mu-
sic.
Marie: Really? Who was playing?
Diane: A local group. I’ve never heard of them before, but they played all kinds of
music. At one point, people started dancing.
Marie: That sounds great. Did they have a lot of food vendors, too?
Diane: Oh, yes. They had everything: burgers, hotdogs, funnel cakes, ice cream,
barbecue, and even some Chinese food!
Marie: I’m sorry I missed it.
Diane: Well, there’s always next year, you know.
18
Talking about festivals and celebrations
2 How was the festival?

— How was the Cherry Blossom Festival?
— Wonderful. We had such a nice time. The weather
was perfect.
— You went to Ueno Park, didn’t you?
— Yes. We had a little picnic and relaxed under
the trees.
— Was there some music in the evening?
— I don’t know. We left before it got dark.
s Cherry blossoms, Tokyo, Japan
3 What did you see there?
folk dancers fireworks musical bands face-painting

arts and crafts rides street performers hot-air balloons
4 What were they celebrating?

— Did you go to the Cinco de Mayo festival on Saturday?
— No, I didn’t. You know, I’m embarrassed to say that I
don’t know what Cinco de Mayo is.
— Oh, well, it was traditionally a holiday to celebrate
Mexico’s military victory over the French in the 1800s.
Nowadays, people get together to celebrate their heri-
tage and culture, and to have a good time.
— So did you go?
— Yes, I did. It was a lot of fun. There was folk dancing
and mariachi music. The dancers and musicians
wore beautiful traditional costumes. And the food
was delicious.
s Cinco de Mayo celebration, Puebla, Mexico
— I’ll be sure not to miss it next year.
5 Two-Word Phrasal Verbs
phrasal verbs that can be split:
— When are they setting up the rides for the fair?

— I think they’re setting them up tomorrow.
— Have you figured out which day you’re going to attend?

— No, we still haven’t figured that out. I’ll let you know when we do.
— Have you worked out your vacation plans?

— No, we haven’t worked them out yet.
When Liliana brought up the idea of going to Montreal, Clarisse offered to check out hotel
rates on the Internet. She told Liliana that she’d write down anything interesting she found.
phrasal verbs that cannot be split:
— Have you come across any information on the Jazz Festival?

— No, I haven’t come across anything at all.
— Did you join in when the crowd started dancing?

— No, I wanted to join in, but Sheila wasn’t feeling well.
I’ve been looking for some information on festivals in Australia. It turns out that there are
several interesting events in Sydney, Adelaide and Melbourne every year.

6 Three-Word Phrasal Verbs
two-word verbs + preposition:
Javier walks too fast. — I can’t keep up with him!
— I can’t make my shift at work tomorrow. Can you fill in for me?
— I’m not sure yet. Can I get back to you?
Paul doesn’t think he’ll go to the party tonight. He’s not feeling up to it.
Richard is working hard to get along with everyone in his class. He’s making up for a very
stressful period in his life when he wasn’t always kind to his classmates.
Describing unusual outdoor events
7 Tell me about the festival.
s Australia National Day s Pamplona, Spain s Carnaval in Rio de Janeiro
Australia National Day is celebrated __________________________________________________________________.

It commemorates ___________________________________________________________________________________.
Australians celebrate by _____________________________________________________________________________.
The running of the bulls _____________________________________________________________________________.

Every morning that week, people ____________________________________________________________________.
And the bulls _______________________________________________________________________________________.
In Brazil, Carnaval __________________________________________________________________________________.

During those four days, _____________________________________________________________________________.
The Samba Schools _________________________________________________________________________________.
8 WORD PLAY Adjectives to express excitement
The running of the bulls was thrilling.

The fireworks were dazzling.
The dancers’ costumes were stunning.
The street performers were astonishing.
The view from the balloon was breathtaking.
The children’s performances were charming.
s The traditional dances were fascinating.
9 One of the Greatest Shows on Earth!
Founded in 1954, the Galway International Oys-

ter Festival is Ireland’s longest running festival.
Each year it draws visitors from all over the
world. It has been listed by the Sunday Times as
one of “The Twelve Greatest Shows on Earth.”
Over 100,000 native oysters will be consumed
during this colorful week of gourmet food and
great fun.
The annual highlight of the action-packed pro-

gram is the Guinness World Oyster Opening
Championship. Competing for the World Title,
contestants from every continent vie to open 30
oysters in the shortest time. This year entrants
are from Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Holland, Norway, Russia,
Singapore, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA.
John Holland, chairman of the festival, invites travelers “to come and celebrate life at the Galway In-
ternational Oyster Festival. This unique event is all about friends, fun, and fabulous seafood combined
with world class entertainment in the charming medieval city of Galway.”

Source: www.galwayoysterfest.com
10 CULTURE CORNER
What are you doing on the Fourth?
Many Americans gather together for picnics on the 4th of

July. Hamburgers and hot dogs top the list of favorite foods.
In a recent survey by the American Meat Institute, 32% of
American adults said hamburgers were their favorite, and
19% voted for hot dogs. They also said the hot dog is the food
most commonly associated with the U.S. On a typical July
4th, Americans eat 150 million hot dogs!
Source: American Meat Institute, www.hot-dog.org

Try to explain each item on the list in your own words.
1. astonishing
2. street performers
3. charming
4. heritage
5. dazzling
6. folk dancers
7. thrilling
8. stunning
2 Grammar
Study the examples. What can you say about verbs, their position in the sentence and their structure?
John decided to put off his vacation for a month.

Don’t forget to turn the lights off when you leave.
Did you bring in the mail this morning?
- Yes, I brought it in.

3 Grammar practice: Separable phrasal verbs

Replace the words in bold with the separable verbs indicated in parentheses; then re-write each
sentence three ways. Follow the example.
Example: They canceled the meeting. (call off)

a. They called off the meeting.
b. They called the meeting off
c. They called it off
1. I postponed my appointment. (put off)
2. I’m considering your idea. (think over)
3. Don’t mention that subject again. (bring up)
4. I think Ted will refuse my offer. (turn down)
5. I was never good at solving math problems. (work out)

Listen to the recording. Then answer the comprehension questions.
1. What is happening on campus in October?
2. Will the fall festival be canceled if the weather is bad?
3. What must students show to get free admission?
4. Will there be music at the festival?
5. What kind of food will the festival have?
6. Is the festival only for students?
5 Writing activity
You believe your family would really enjoy the fall festival. Write them an e-mail and invite them.
Describe some of the attractions and events surrounding the festival.
Send
Subject:

6 Grammar exercise: Phrasal verbs without objects
Complete the sentences using the correct form of the phrasal verbs in the box. Each phrasal verb is
used only once.
Example: What’s been going on at the office lately?
calm down grow up run away
dress up lie down take off
go on √ pass away turn up
1. The plane didn’t __________ on time because of the storm.

2. Mrs. Beale is a widow. Her husband __________ two years ago.
3. Are you tired? Would you like to __________ for a while?
4. I’ve looked and looked, but my glasses haven’t __________ yet.
5. Kathy __________ in Vermont. Her parents still live there.
6. The party will be casual; you don’t have to __________ .
7. The children __________ when they saw the big dog.
8. I wasn’t hurt, but it took me several hours to __________ after the accident.
Situation 1
You come across a flyer posted in the campus center. A local bar off campus is having a costume
Halloween party. You think this would be a lot fun for you and your friends. Ask them if they would
like to join you. What do you say?

Situation 2
The campus is having a heritage festival this Saturday. There will be local vendors, arts and crafts,
folk dancers, etc. Your friend asks you to join him. You really don’t feel up to it and have a lot of
studying to do, but you might be persuaded depending on the attractions offered at the festival. Ask
your friend about them before you decide to go. What do you say?
8 Reading comprehension: Five reasons to visit Reykjavik
Come February, the people of Reykjavik are ready to wriggle out of hibernation and welcome the
first signs of spring. The local authorities decided this was a good time of year to raise people’s
spirits, and in 2002 they set up the Winter Lights Festival. For a few days, the city comes alive with
dazzling light installations, street performances, theater, dance and live music.
Another most visited tourist attraction is Iceland’s Blue Lagoon. It’s a spa located on a lava field.
Little wooden bridges and walkways connect the pools. There is a swim-up bar, or you can opt for a
massage while floating in the pool.
Harpa Concert Hall is also an interesting place to see. It’s made of up over 1,000 glass blocks and is
bathed in color at night.
Then of course there is Yoko Ono’s memorial to John Lennon, the Imagine Peace Tower, situated
on the island of Videy. The tower is made of glass inscribed with the words Imagine Peace in 24
languages.
You don’t need to venture into the middle of nowhere to see one of nature’s most spellbinding
performances. The Northern Lights and Jeep Tour run by Iceland Rovers lasts about five hours and
costs $245. It includes a drive on the black-sand beach, and afterwards there’s a lobster dinner
before you head off to look for the lights on the way back to the city.
Finally, there is the Dill restaurant, which serves Nordic cuisine. Chef Gunnar Karl Gislason uses
natural Icelandic produce and he harvests his own sea salt. Typical dishes are pancake and arctic
char roe and pureed rutabaga with salted cod and dill.

9 Comprehension questions
1. The Winter Lights Festival was created to raise citizens’ spirits during the winter months.
T F
2. The Blue Lagoon is a bar.

T F
3. Yoko Ono’s memorial to John Lennon is in Reykjavik.

T F
4. The Imagine Peace Tower inscription is written in 24 different languages.

T F
5. In Reykjavik you can take a tour to see the Northern Lights.

T F
6. You can try Nordic cuisine at Chef Gunnar Karl Gislason’s restaurant.
T F
10 Discussion
After reading the article, would you like to travel to Reykjavik? If so, which attractions would you
prefer to see?
Think of your native country. What are the five most popular attractions to see and why?
Share your top five attractions with the class.
11 A reading strategy: Definitions
Look at the words in the box from the text. Write a definition describing each word. Share your
definitions with the class.
to wriggle out of

definitions with the class.
to come alive
memorial
to venture
first signs
inscribed with
spa
You think the university should offer more heritage festivals because they would greatly diversify
the campus. You are meeting with the university president on Monday to present your idea. What
will you say?
What are the advantages of having heritage festivals on campus?

What kind of heritage should be celebrated?
Who will make the choices and organize the festival?
What kinds of activities can be incorporated in the heritage festivals?


Chapter 5
It’s cooler than I expected.

Topics
Weather as a factor in
decision-making
Environmental conditions
Travel precautions
Objectives
Talking about the weather
Describing weather
conditions
Talking about travel
concerns
Grammar
If-clause review
1 T A LK I N G A B OUT T H E WEATHER
Anna: Hi, Grandma! I’m so glad you came to visit. Let me take your coat.
Grandma: Hi, Anna, you look wonderful. Thank you, here you go.
Anna: How was your trip?
Grandma: Fine, thanks. The weather here is cooler than I had expected.
Anna: Yes, it’s been unusually chilly the past few weeks. What’s the
weather like in Florida this time of year?
Grandma: Warmer and a lot more humid. Our hurricane season just ended,
and it’s starting to get very warm. This cool weather is a nice
change for me.
Anna: I’m glad to hear that. Sit down and I’ll get us something to snack
on. Would you like some water?
24
Describing weather conditions
2 What do you know about Vancouver?
— We’re thinking about having our next vacation in
Vancouver, Canada. Do you know anything about
the city?
— From what I’ve heard, it’s an excellent spot for a
vacation. It’s a beautiful city. There’s a lot to do
there.
— It must be cold there, right?
— Actually, it’s on the coast and has a mild climate.
It seldom goes below freezing in the winter, and
it’s dry and pleasant in the summer.
s Vancouver, Canada
3 What’s the weather like there?
bitter freezing cold chilly cool mild warm hot scorching
4 We got snowed in!

— How was your trip to the Caribbean?
— We never made it.
— Really? What happened?

— We got snowed in.
it’s snowing
— Oh, was your trip the same week
as the blizzard?
— Unfortunately, it was.
a blizzard
flurries
— I don’t think we’re going to be able

to play golf this weekend.
— Why not?
— They’re calling for heavy rain all
it’s raining afternoon.
— As long as there’s no lightning, I
don’t mind.
— But I do!
it’s sprinkling a storm
5 If-clause review
present / future real conditional

If July is very hot, I’ll probably stay at the beach.
If you’re going to China, you’ll need to apply for a visa.
If Lisa has already been to Montreal, she should go to Quebec.
present / future unreal conditional

If I were you, I wouldn’t go there during the rainy season.
If they spent more time in Italy, they would speak Italian better.
If you were visiting Chicago in the winter, you would need a heavy coat.
past unreal conditional

If we had listened to the forecast, we would have taken our umbrellas.
If Bill had been traveling by car instead of by train, it would have taken much longer.
If they had been told about the storm, they would have stayed at home.
inverted order
I will probably stay at the beach if July is very hot.
They would speak Italian better if they spent more time in Italy.
You would have gotten a cheaper flight if you had checked the Internet.
questions
— If July is very hot, will you go away? — What will you do if July is very hot?
— Yes, I probably will. — I will probably go away.

• If you had six weeks’ vacation, where would you go?
• If you were free for the winter, what would you do?
• If you won the lottery, what would you do with your winnings?
• What would you do if you lost your passport in a foreign country?

• What would you do if your parents wanted you to go to school in another country?
• What would you ask for if you had three wishes?
6 If vs. unless
If you don’t make a reservation in advance, you won’t be able to get a room.
Unless you make a reservation in advance, you won’t be able to get a room.
You won’t be able to play at that golf club if you don’t know anyone there.
You won’t be able to play at that golf club unless you know someone there.
Talking about travel concerns
7 What do they need to be aware of?
8 Issues that give travelers pause

The Bureau of Consular Affairs of the U.S. Department of State publishes announcements, general
information and travel advisories with regard to travel abroad. A brief scan of the advisories and
warnings for various countries posted on the State Department’s Website yields a long list of concerns
for travelers. The types of issues raised tend to fall into the following categories:
disaster preparedness earthquakes, typhoons, hurricanes
medical facilities and health inadequate medical facilities, poorly trained medical personnel,
the need for vaccination, inadequate clean water, the risk of insect bites
traffic safety and road conditions poor road conditions, landslides, livestock on roads
crime petty theft, carjacking, “Good Samaritan” scams, “express” kidnapping
What issues are of most concern to you when you travel abroad?
Source: travel.state.gov
9 Better safe than sorry
— You’re not going to believe this — my trip has

been postponed because a travel advisory has
been issued due to political unrest in the country.
— It’s better to be safe than sorry in such situations.
— I’m really disappointed, but I suppose you’re right.
10 WORD PLAY Expressions related to the weather
©2003 The New Yorker Collection: from

Cartoonbank.com. All Rights Reserved.
Martina’s been feeling under the weather all
week. I think she has the flu.
Don’t count on Brian for help when you’re having
problems. He’s a fair-weather friend.
We won’t be seeing Julia tonight. She’s snowed
under with work.
William seemed very confused. Does he always
walk around in a fog like that?
11 Unusual weather we’re having lately, isn’t it?
— Why did it take you so long to get here?

— It’s extremely foggy on the other side of town. fog
— That’s strange. It’s so nice and sunny here.
hail thunder and lightning sleet

Try to explain each item on the list using your own ideas.
1. to be in a fog
2. fair-weather friend
3. to be snowed under with work
4. to be / feel under the weather
5. travel advisory
6. scorching
7. sleet
8. mild
2 Grammar
What are the differences between these sentences? What do you know about conditional clauses in
general?
If Tina’s son is sick, she stays home with him.

If you didn’t work so hard, you wouldn’t be tired all the time.
If it had been warm yesterday, we would have gone to the beach.

If I had eaten breakfast, I wouldn’t be hungry now.

3 Grammar practice: Present real vs. unreal conditional

Underline the verb that best completes each sentence.
Examples: If we take the early train, we will / would be in Paris by noon.
1. Do you think Mr. Taylor will accept the job if they offer / offered it to him?
2. Won’t / Wouldn’t my insurance rates go up if I had a car accident?
3. If the university spends / spent more on advertising, it would pay off in the long run.
4. If I go / went to Australia, I would want to stay at least three weeks.
5. Ed will / would make a fortune if his invention is as practical as he says it is.
6. If we fly / flew in the off-season, will the rates be lower?
Listen to the dialogue. Then answer the comprehension questions.
1. Where is Anna traveling?
2. Why did Anna check the weather in India?
3. How are the medical facilities in India?
4. What else does Michael tell Anna to be aware of?

5 Writing activity
Write at least two more exchanges to continue the dialogue between Anna and Michael. Share your
dialogues with the class.
You are all packed to go home for winter break. Your flight leaves
tomorrow morning at 9:00 a.m. You log onto your computer to
check the weather and see that the National Weather Association
has broadcasted a travel advisory for the next two days. Your area is
expecting extreme cold and blizzard-like conditions. You’re not sure
if your flight will depart. What do you do?

7 Grammar practice: Past unreal conditional
Combine and rewrite the sentences using the past unreal conditional.
Examples: You didn’t call earlier. I didn’t meet you for lunch.
g If you had called earlier, I would have met you for lunch
1. Pat and Ed didn’t have a map. They got lost.
2. The museum was closed. We couldn’t see the Picasso exhibit.
3. I brought enough cash. I didn’t have to use my credit card.
4. We didn’t know you were on campus. We couldn’t stop by to see you.
5. There wasn’t a mistake in the bill. I didn’t notice it.
Situation 1
Your art teacher wants to take your photography class out in the field this upcoming weekend to take
pictures for your pending project. There is a 60% chance of thunderstorms and possibly hail in some
areas. Ask your professor if the field trip will take place and what precautions should be taken. What
do you say?

Situation 2
Your friends want to take a trip to the Caribbean over fall break. You know that this is prime
hurricane season there. Your friends ask you to join them. What do you say?
9 Grammar practice: Mixed conditional
Rewrite the sentences using mixed time conditional.
Examples: We didn’t ask for directions. We are lost.

g If we had asked for directions we wouldn’t be lost.
1. Doris lived in Tokyo. She knows how to speak Japanese.
2. Peter is a successful businessman because he worked hard.
3. I bought theater tickets for tonight so I can’t go to the movies with you.
4. We made reservations two months ago. We’re sitting at the best table in the restaurant now.
5. I am here because you told me about this meeting.
6. Joe isn’t the CEO now. He didn’t stay with the company.

10 Reading comprehension: Drought is withering U.S. crops. Can superseeds save the day?
In 2012, over 60% of the U.S was experiencing some form of drought - the most in more than half
a century. Corn fell by at least 16% and prices rose to record highs. Scariest of all, the drought of
2012, which could eventually cost as much as $18 billion, may be just a taste of what’s to come in a
hotter, drier future.
Farmers and crop companies are struggling to figure out ways to compete with severe drought.
Therefore, agribusiness is hoping to create a new genetically modified crop strain that is designed to
endure arid conditions.
Industry leader Monsanto is working on a hybrid line of corn called DroughtGard that is designed
to enhance crop yield in dry soils. Monsanto says early field-test results indicate that the GM crop
might improve yields by 4% to 8%. Still, critics are skeptical that GM crops will enable farmers to
overcome persistent drought.
1. The drought of 2011 was the worst in U.S. history.

T F
2. In 2012 corn fell by 15%.

T F
3. Farmers and crop companies are trying to figure out ways to compete with drought.
T F
4. DroughtGard is a hybrid line of corn.

T F
5. DroughtGard could improve corn yields by 4% to 8%.

T F

12 A reading strategy: Background
You read about one particular situation in the text in Activity 10, but what is the general context into
which this topic fits? Write four to eight sentences describing the background topic.
You know that climate changes and environmental conditions have affected the food choices and
their availability at the dining halls. You believe genetically modified crops would be a beneficial
option for the university to consider. How would you present this idea to your fellow students and
university management?
You might want to consider the following questions:

What is a genetically modified crop?
Which crops are being genetically modified?
Are genetically modified crops more expensive?
How could they benefit students and/or staff?
What are the disadvantages?


Chapter 6
Review
Now You Can ...!
Talk about travel concerns
Describe weather conditions
Talk about the weather
Describe unusual outdoor events
Talk about festivals and celebrations
Describe an outdoor activity
Explain problems with merchandise
Express satisfaction / dissatisfaction
Describe customer service experiences

Talk about a service surprise
Describe emotions
Describe reactions to change
Talk about difficult decisions
Discuss economic changes
Describe teaching styles
Describe people’s reactions to pressure
Summarize actions taken in a crisis
Explain the demands of work
30
ACT I O N MO D UL E 1 — R O LE CAR D A
A Difficult Project in a Group

You are responsible for an important research project that counts heavily
towards your final grade in class. The deadline is two weeks away, and you don’t
see how you can possibly meet it. You have already asked everyone in the group
to work overtime. You are very discouraged and experiencing a lot of stress.
Today, one of the group members on the project told you he cannot be at school
for at least a week because of a family emergency. To make matters worse,
another student has been out sick for the last few days. The morale of the group
is not good.
You have made an appointment with your professor to discuss the situation. You
think your group needs more time to complete the project — perhaps just a week
more. It’s time for your meeting. Go to your professor’s office.
ACT I O N MO D UL E 2 — R OLE CAR D A
Networking
You have just learned from the dean that your major is going to be eliminated. You
must switch to a new major almost immediately.
You have become close with your advisor and feel she can help you decide what
major would be best for you. Ask for her help and if there’s any way to meet with a
few department heads to learn what various majors are about.
I think there is a mistake

You are a customer at a clothing store.
You’re buying three items: a shirt, a jacket,
and a belt. The jacket was marked as a sale
item — 20% off. The salesperson has just
given you the receipt for your purchases.
Check the receipt to make sure it is correct.
AC TI O N MO D UL E 1 — R O LE CAR D B
A Difficult Project in a Group

You are a professor at a college. You have assigned groups for the final project in
a class. The deadline for the project is in two weeks. A student wants to meet with
you to talk about an issue with the project. You know that the group has experienced
problems wih its members and morale is low.
The group has had two months to do this project, and you’re concerned that their
issues come from waiting until the last minute to work on it, which could make it unfair
to grant an extension. You need to find out what really happened with this project and
make a fair decision.
It’s time for your meeting. Your student is at your door.
AC TI O N MO D UL E 2 — R OLE CAR D B
Networking
You are a college advisor. You are very upset at the school’s decision to eliminate a
major that has so many promising students currently taking the program. You feel it’s
the school’s fault that enrollment isn’t high enough in the major - a lack of marketing -
and now the students are the ones to suffer. You’ve made an appointment to talk with
the dean about the school’s decision and what a mistake they’re making. Perhaps the
decision could be reversed.
Your phone is ringing. Answer it.

I think there is a mistake

You work as a salesperson at Style First, a downtown clothing store. You’ve had a
rough day today because of some confusion about the sale items in the store.
Yesterday, one of the clerks mistakenly marked several pieces of merchandise as sale
items. You’ve tried to notify customers before ringing up their purchases if an item
marked “on sale” was incorrectly labeled, but you have missed a few. Several custom-
ers have become upset when they realized that their purchases were not on sale.
The store will be closing in twenty minutes. You will be glad when the day is over.

Boating anyone?
You just read about the Dragon Festival in town this weekend and would like to
go. The festival is taking place at the riverfront park downtown. There will be
music, Chinese dancers, and excellent Chinese food.
The description of the dragon boat races sounded very interesting. You’d like to
go to the festival Saturday afternoon when the races will take place.
You made a new friend recently. Call and invite your friend to go to the festival
with you.

You and a friend had planned to go to the beach tomorrow.
You just went online and checked the weather for tomorrow. The forecast reads:
cloudy and warm in the morning; cooler and windy in the afternoon; 70% chance
of rain.
You were looking forward to a day at the beach, but you don’t want to take a
chance with the weather. You’re thinking that it might be wise to change your
plans. You’d like to get together with your friend even if the beach doesn’t work
out. You’d be happy to go to a museum or see a movie.

Call your friend and share the weather forecast.
Boating anyone?
You are the captain of a dragon boat. You have been very busy the past several
weeks preparing for this weekend’s dragon boat race at the city’s Dragon Festi-
val celebrating Chinese heritage and culture.
As you know very well, dragon boats are the largest flat water racing canoes in
the world. Teams consist of approximately 20 paddlers, a drummer, a steerper-
son, and a captain. The sport doesn’t require any special athletic skill. Anyone,
young or old, can quickly learn the sport.
You’ve been participating in dragon boat racing for two years. You find it very
exciting — the beating of drums, the team of paddlers working together, and the
thrill of competition. You also enjoy the companionship of all the members of
your team.
Unfortunately, you received a phone call earlier today from two of your paddlers,
a couple, who have had to leave town for a family emergency. This leaves you
two paddlers short one day before the race.
You have been calling friends and colleagues, trying to find replacement pad-
dlers. On such short notice, you’re finding it difficult to find someone who doesn’t
already have Saturday afternoon plans. You’re beginning to lose hope.


You and a friend had planned to go to the beach tomorrow.
You’ve been working very hard lately and are looking forward to relaxing at the
beach. You heard that rain was predicted over the weekend, but you don’t trust
weather forecasters. They predicted sunny weather the past two weekends, and
it rained during both of them. You think they will be wrong again this weekend.

Your Turn
1 A: Tell the class about a project that you have recently completed. How did the
project go? Were there any problems? How did you meet the challenges of the
project?
B: Ask a classmate if he experiences stress in his school life. Ask him how he deals
with pressure and stress. Ask if he has any advice for handling stress. Report
your findings to the class.
2 A: Tell the class about a time when you had to share difficult news with a family
member or friend. What was the situation? How did you break the news? How did
the person take the news? Did you learn anything from the experience?
B: Ask a classmate if she has ever faced a difficult professional choice. What was it?
What did she decide? Is she happy with the decision? If she had an opportunity to
live that moment again, would she make the same decision? Share your class-
mate’s experience with the class.
3 A: Tell the class about a situation in which there was a problem with something you
bought. What was the problem? Was something broken? Was it the wrong size or
color? Did the store solve the problem?
B: Ask a classmate to tell you about the best or worst deal he has ever made while
shopping. What was the product / service? Why did he buy it? Why was it such a
success / disaster? Report your findings to the class.
4 A: Tell the class about an outdoor activity or festival you have attended. What was
it? When was it held? Who did you go with? What did you do there? Would you
recommend it to others? Why? / Why not?
B: Ask a classmate which of the events in chapter 4 she would choose if she were
given a free trip to attend one of them. Why does that particular festival or event
appeal to her? Which aspects of the festival would she participate in and most
enjoy? Report your findings to the class.
5 A: Tell the class about a time when the weather spoiled an event or outing you had
planned. What were you going to do? Did you still do it, or did you have to cancel
your plans? How did you feel about it?
B: Ask a classmate what he thinks would be the ideal climate to live in. Would he be
willing to move to a place that has such a climate? Is weather an important factor
in choosing where to live? Is it the most important factor? If not, what is? Report
your findings to the class.
Chapters 1–5 objectives
• Explain the demands of work

• Summarize actions taken in a crisis
• Describe people’s reactions to pressure
• Describe management styles
• Discuss economic changes
• Talk about difficult decisions
• Describe reactions to change
• Describe emotions
• Talk about a service surprise
• Describe customer service experiences
• Express satisfaction / dissatisfaction
• Explain problems with merchandise
• Describe an outdoor activity
• Talk about festivals and celebrations
• Describe unusual outdoor events
• Talk about the weather
• Describe weather conditions
• Talk about travel concerns

Listen to the dialogue. Are the following statements true or false? Circle T or F.
1. Carol is under a lot of pressure.

T F
2. Carol has a final exam next week.

T F
3. Carol is behind schedule on her dissertation proposal.

T F
4. The proposal deadline wasn’t changed.

T F
5. Joyce isn’t understanding about Carol’s situation.

T F
6. Carol won’t have much time this week.

T F

2 Writing activity
Imagine that you are Joyce. You are worried about Carol being under so much pressure. You are
afraid that her stress could have a negative effect on her. Write her an e-mail and ask how she’s doing.
Do you have any tips on how she could deal with the challenges she is facing?
Share your e-mails with the class.
Send
Subject:
3 Checklist
As a university student, you have seen many ways stress and pressure can affect students. Reflect
upon an experience that you had when you were stressed out and/or under a lot of pressure.
Write three to four important things that you learned from your experience that you could
recommend to other to students who are facing similar situations.
Share your ideas with the class.

Situation 1
You took your laptop to the campus tech center to have the campus’ virus software installed. When
you return to pick up your laptop you notice that the screen is cracked and there are scratches on the
keyboard. What do you say?
Situation 2
The campus is having a festival for El Día de los Muertos. This celebration plays a prevalent role
in your culture. You would like to help organize this festival and incorporate some of your family’s
traditions. You see the student who is in charge studying in the library. What do you say?
5 Reading comprehension: Coffee shop, contained
In 2008 Starbucks’ chief creative officer, Arthur Rubinfield, was asked to

reimagine its retail spaces. 60% of all new U.S. stores that Starbucks has
planned for the next five years will be drive-thru.
Some of the locations will be what Starbucks is calling micro drive-thrus. At

just about 380 square feet, the micros will be among the smallest Starbucks
sites in existence. The tiny footprint lets the company enter high-traffic
locations previously out of reach.
Starbucks’ other container format – one stacked on top of the other – will
provide drive-through and walk-up service. These “hammerheads” in
Starbucks parlance are about 550 square feet.

Portland, Oregon will get a container hammerhead on a main bicycling thoroughfare, so it will have a
walk-up window, bike racks, and a big patio for all the walkers and bikers.
Starbucks’ long-term goal is to create store modules that its designers can select based on the
location, including the appropriate add-ons (bathroom, patio, etc). The coffeehouse, always a place
for conversation, has become a conversation piece.
1. 70% of all new U.S. stores that Starbucks has planned for the next five years will be drive-
thru.
T F
2. Micro drive-thrus will be among the smallest Starbucks sites in existence.

T F
3. Micro drive-thrus prevents Starbucks from selling products in high-traffic areas.

T F
4. A “hammerhead” Starbucks location will provide only walk-up service.

T F
5. Starbucks’ short-term goal is to create store modules that its designers can select based on the
location.
T F
7 Reading strategy: Find another word or phrase
Replace the highlighted words from the text in Activity 5 with words from the list below that have a
similar meaning.
road, path, track

already there
extras
design
components
jargon, manner of speaking
inaccessible

8 Discussion
Discuss the following questions.
Which would be more beneficial on campus, a Starbucks micro drive-

thru or a hammerhead? Why?
Do you believe micro drive-thrus or hammerheads could make it

difficult for other coffee companies to compete? In what way?
What would you say concerning other companies following Starbucks’

idea?
Would you like the option to choose your coffee shop location based
on your preferred add-ons? Why or why not?
9 Gap-filling
Complete the text with the correct item.
Ashley: Hi Hannah. It’s Ashley. (1) ____________ to see you later?

Hannah: Sure, Hannah. (2) _____________________ ?
Ashley: Yes, I’ve been so (3) ____________ with writing papers and studying this week that I just
need a break to (4) ____________ . I feel like I had no time for myself this week, let alone
my friends. I don’t want you to think that I’m a (5) ______________ friend.
Hannah: I would never think that! I understand that you have been busy with school work. I’ve
been under a lot of (6) __________ this week too with research and preparation. I feel
(7) _________ that I haven’t called or texted you either.
Ashley: I’m so (8) _________ to have a friend like you! Let’s go see a movie and
(9) ______________ to eat. What do you think?
1. 4. 7.
a. Want to come by a. let up some steam a. optimistic
b. Can I stop by b. let off some steam b. guilty
c. Can’t I stop by c. let on some steam c. hopeless
2. 5. 8.
a. Is everything okay a. fair-weather a. grateful
b. Is everything bad b. mild-weather b. bitter
c. Is nothing okay c. scorching-weather c. depressed
3. 6. 9.
a. snowed on a. dedication a. take a bite
b. snowed in b. under the weather b. eat a bite
c. snowed under c. stress c. grab a bite

10 Writing activity
Write four lines to continue the dialogue between Ashley and Hannah. Share your dialogues with the
class.
What would you say or do in the following situations?
Situation 1
You know a friend of yours is facing financial difficulties. You have contacts on campus and could
possibly help the friend to find a job or apply for some additional funding through a scholarship.
Approach your friend, ask how (s)he is doing and offer some support.
Situation 2
You are dissatisfied with a product you bought at the campus bookstore. When you return the
product and describe what is wrong, you discover that you can only exchange the item for another
item, not get your money back. How do you solve the situation?

12 Mini-Presentaiton
Give a mini-presentation on the topics below or a topic of your choice from Chapters 1-5.
• Talk about a difficult decision you made as a university student.

• Describe weather conditions that affected your weekend plans at university.
• Explain the academic demands you faced as a university student.
• Describe an unusual outdoor event that was held on campus.
Share your mini-presentation with the class.

Level 7 • Chapter 6 36i

Additional Action Modules
CHAP T E R 1 — ROL E CAR D A
I can’t work like this anymore!

You intern at a small consulting firm downtown. It’s a relatively new company,
but it has been quite successful from the start.
There are only a few people working for this company and everyone is very
busy. The office you share with full-time colleagues is cramped and noisy, and
it’s hard to work in this loud environment. This really bothers you. You think
that if everyone had their own office they would be able to be more productive,
especially you.
Your manager who hired you is a “people-person” and doesn’t believe in closed-
door offices. You’ve decided to speak to your manager about the working condi-
tions and see what solutions can be found.
Knock on your manager’s door.
CHAP T E R 2 — ROLE CAR D A
Moving on …
You graduated two months ago and have just started working for a large shipping firm
as your very firt full-time job. You like your job and enjoy the benefits of working for an
important corporation.
The economy has been changing in recent years, and you’ve heard talk of downsizing in
many parts of your company, but you don’t think your division will be involved. Not too
long ago your boss spoke of hiring some new staff.
Although you’re a good employee, you don’t feel you stand out as much as another new
employee, but you don’t think you’re any less efficient than the other new hires. You’re
hoping your company is more interested in the new hires than the highly paid old-timers.
Someone is knocking at your door. Ask the person to come in.
CHAP T E R 3 — ROLE CA R D A
Scratch
You bought a brand-new car last month. It’s black, shiny, and beautiful.
When you bought the car, the salesman and his part-time trainee gave you a cou-
pon for a free car wash. You decided earlier today to use the coupon and have
the car washed.
You picked up your car an hour ago, and it was very clean. Once you arrived
home, you walked around the entire car to admire it. It was then that you noticed
that the doors on the passenger side of the car were covered with long, thin
scratches.
Your car is not so nice and shiny anymore.
Drive back to the car dealer and tell him what has happened.
Level 7 • Action Modules 37

C H AP T E R 1 — ROL E CAR D B
I can’t work like this anymore!

You manage the offices of a small consulting firm downtown. It’s relatively new,
but has been quite successful from the start.
There are only a few people working for this company and everyone is very busy.
Your office is cozy and dynamic, and everyone works closely together as a team.
You’re a “people-person,” and you don’t believe in closed-door offices. You feel
that they isolate people and prevent the exchange of ideas.
You spend almost as much time working alongside your staff at their desks as
you do in your office.
You work hard and encourage your staff to push themselves in their work.
Lately you’ve noticed that your intern is not as productive as you’d like.
You’ve decided to speak to the intern, who has just appeared at your desk. This
is a good opportunity to share your concerns.
C H A P T E R 2 — ROL E CAR D B
Moving on …
You’ve worked for a large shipping firm for many years as part of their executive
management team. You like your job and enjoy the benefits of working for an
important corporation.
The economy has been changing in recent years, and many parts of your
company have downsized. Not too long ago you hired some new staff, but you’ve

just received word that most of these employees must be eliminated. It has been
decided that your division will take on a “last in, first out” approach.
You’re responsible for laying off several employees today. It will be difficult to
break the news to these employees, especially since, for many of them, this is
the first job they’ve ever had. You know the economy is not good, so it will be
hard for them to get another job quickly.
Go speak to the first person on your list.
Scratch
You work part-time in a car dealership. You have a good reputation so far, and
you help sell a lot of cars.
A customer is walking into the dealership. You recognize this customer, to whom
you helped sell a car last month. The customer looks angry.
Greet the customer.
38 Level 7 • Action Modules

CHAP T E R 4 — ROL E CAR D A
A festival weekend
Every year you like to attend the spring and summer festivals in your area, and
this year is no exception.
A couple of months ago, you and your best friend from childhood made plans to
attend a very popular festival in the town where you live. Your friend, who lives in
another city, booked a flight to visit you during the weekend of the festival.
You and this friend grew up together. You know each other’s families very well.
Yesterday, you received a phone call from your sister, telling you that she’s
taking a few days off from work and would like to visit you the weekend of the
festival.
Call your friend and mention your sister’s visit. This shouldn’t be a problem —
your sister and your friend were also very close many years ago. Find out if your
friend would mind spending time with you and your sister.
CHAP T E R 5 — ROLE CAR D A
If the weather’s OK …
You’re planning a summer vacation and have decided to consult a travel agent
for advice on where to go. You enjoy spending time outdoors doing sports and
other activities when you travel.
You’d like to go somewhere in the Caribbean. You haven’t yet decided which
island you’d most like to visit. You’d like to relax, but also do some sightseeing.
Hot weather doesn’t bother you.
You hope the travel agent will tell you which islands are best for what you’d like
to do.
Go into the agency and see what they have to offer.
Level 7 • Action Modules 39

A festival weekend
Two months ago you and your best friend from childhood made plans to attend a
very popular festival in the town where your friend lives.
You don’t live in the same city as your friend, so you booked a flight for the
weekend of the festival. You found a very good deal on an airline ticket, but the
ticket is non-refundable. You have already arranged to take several days off from
work to make a “long” weekend of your visit.
You and your friend grew up together. You know each other’s families very well.
In fact, there was a time when you were also close to your friend’s sister. Unfor-
tunately, that relationship took a turn for the worse, and you broke off all contact
with her. You never mentioned this to your friend because you didn’t want it to
affect your friendship.
This issue has never come up because your friend’s sister lives in another city,
quite far from your friend.
C H A P T E R 5 — ROL E CA R D B
If the weather’s OK …
You are a travel agent in a large agency. Clients often turn to you when they
have trouble deciding where to go on their vacations. You have quick access to
weather conditions in many popular destinations. This often helps people make

decisions.
Jamaica’s leading golf resort is having a special, and they’re offering bonuses to
the agent who sells the most vacation packages this month. The last day of the
sales contest is tomorrow, and you’d like to book a few more trips to this resort
before the contest ends.
The weather in the Caribbean is not the best in the summer. Major tropical
storms are common, and hurricanes can also be a problem. Below is your “short
list” of Caribbean destinations for which you have great deals for hotels, activi-
ties and flight arrangements.
Location Activities
St Lucia swimming, volcano excursions
Dominican Republic swimming, surfing, shopping
Jamaica swimming, golf, tennis
Cancun swimming, sightseeing (Mayan ruins),
shopping
A client is walking into your agency now. Say hello.
40 Level 7 • Action Modules

Level 5
Vocabulary
Practice Index
CHAPTER 1
address (problems) (1) fascinating (4) ought to (1)
ahead of schedule (1) features (3) out of / under control (1)
anticipated (1) feel up to (4) out of a job (2)
anxious (1) figure out (3) output (2)
arts and crafts (4) fill in for (someone) (4)
astonishing (4) fireworks (4) pace (oneself) (1)
flurries (5) percent (20% off) (3)
bargain (3) fog (5) profitable (2)
be finalized (2) folk dancers (4)
be targeted (2) quote (3)
freezing (5)
behind schedule (1) frugal (2) rain (5)
bitter (cold) (5) receipt (3)
bitter (emotion) (2) get along with (4) recent (2)
bleak (1) get back to (someone) (4) refund (3)
blizzard (5) grateful (2) replace (3)
brand new (3) guilty (2) request (3)
breathtaking (4) restructure (2)
bring up (4) haggle (over) (3)
hail (5) retirement package (2)
bumped (2) rides (4)
handle (1)
calm (1) heritage (4) rise to the occasion (1)
cancel (1) hires (2) sales targets (1)
celebrate (4) holiday (4) scorching (5)
challenge (1) hot (5) scratch (3)
charming (4) hot-air balloons (4) scuff (3)
chilly (5) service contract (3)
chip (3) impatient (1)
in / out of stock (3) set up (4)
cold (5) shelves (3)
come across (4) input (1)
install (3) should (1)
compatible (3) sleet (5)
competitive (2) job security (1) smudge (3)
complain (3) join in (4) snow (5)
concern (1) spot (3)
confident (2) keep up with (4) staff reductions (2)
confirm (1) lack (of) (1) stain (3)

consumer confidence (2) laid off (2) storm (5)
cool (5) lay off (2) strategy (1)
could (1) lightning (5) street performers (4)
cover (3) lots of (3) stressful (1)
crack (3) stunning (4)
maintenance (3)
dazzling (4) make matters worse (1) tense (1)
dedication (2) make up for (4) thrilling (4)
delegate (1) make up the time (1) thunder (5)
dent (3) manageable (1) traditional (4)
depressed (2) may (1) travel advisory (5)
ecstatic (2) might (1) trust (1)
eliminate (2) mild (5) understaffed (1)
entire (3) model (3) upset (1)
exchange (3) morale (1) used (~ car) (3)
excitable (1) must (1)
expand (1) warm (5)
notice (3) window-shopping (3)
face-painting (4) on schedule (1) work out (details) (4)
failure (1) on / off track (1)
fall behind (1) year-end (2)
optimistic (2)
Level 7 • Vocabulary Index 41

Expressions Index
Are you calling to (confirm our meeting under the weather (5)
tomorrow)? (1)
at your earliest convenience (3) We got snowed in. (5)
What a bargain. (3)
be in a fog (5) Why don’t you give me a call (when things get
better)? (1)
Can I get back to you? (4)
Can I stop by to see you later? (2) You can say that again. (3)
Can you fill in for me? (4) Your advice really helped me turn things
around. (1)
fair-weather friend (5)
From what I’ve heard … (5)
Have you heard the news? (2)

hit (you) like a ton of bricks (2)
How are you handling the lay-off? (2)
How are you taking the news? (2)
How was the long weekend? (4)
I appreciate your understanding. (1)

I paid through the nose. (3)
I took an early retirement. (2)
I’m calling about (the jacket) that I ordered. (3)
I’m calling to say that (I have to cancel). (1)
I’m looking for a … (3)
I’m sorry I missed it. (4)
If there is anything I can do to help. (2)
In a heartbeat. (3)
It cost an arm and a leg. (3)
It has all the latest features. (3)
It turns out … (4)
It was a steal / dirt-cheap. (3)

It’s better to be safe than sorry. (5)
It’s one of the best — hands down. (3)
It’s (sprinkling). (5)
It’s the wrong size/color/style. (3)
Just give me a moment. (3)
let off steam (1)
No questions asked. (3)

Not on your life! (3)
snowed under with work (5)
Thanks for all your help. (1)

The weather here is (cooler) than I
had expected. (5)
There’s always (next year). (4)
There’s no way on earth. (3)
They’re calling for (heavy rain) all afternoon. (5)
This is a nice change for me. (5)
42 Level 7 • Expressions Index

Grammar Index
CHAPTER 1
Modals of probability — degrees of certainty
• In some cases modals are used to express “best guesses” based on the information available at the
moment.
• May, might, and could can be used to express less certainty: It might (not) snow. It could rain later,
but it’s sunny now.
• Should, ought to, and must are used to express more certainty: They should be arriving any minute.
They just called from the station. / They must be running late, or they would have called. / They
ought to be back any minute according to the message they left us.
• Modals have only one form.
• Short answers to yes/no questions do not include the use of the main verb: — Are you going to the
party on Friday? — I might. / We may.
• Stress is placed on the modal to emphasize the degree of uncertainty: We MIGHT not make it to the
meeting.
CHAPTER 2
Modals in the passive voice — present tense forms
• The passive construction is used when the focus is NOT on the person or thing doing the action:
The report could be completed this week. / The house might be sold. / Jobs may be cut.
• The passive is used when the doer of the action is understood from context: Salary cuts might be
made (by the company).
• The passive is also used to avoid mentioning the doer of the action: Staff might be let go.
• Passive modals express the possibility of a future action: Employees may be reassigned. Employees
might be asked to work fewer hours.
• Questions are typically formed without the use of a modal: — Is the factory going to be closed?
— It might be.
• Only verbs that take a direct object (transitive verbs) can be made passive: The manager may
reorganize the project. The project may be reorganized.
CHAPTER 3
Gerunds and infinitives
• A gerund is the –ing form of a verb that functions as a noun; e.g., as the subject (Shopping is fun.)
or the direct object (I like shopping.).
• When a gerund is used as the subject (Shopping is fun), an infinitive can be used to express the
same idea (It is fun to shop.).
• The same is true with a gerund as the direct object: I like eating ice cream. I like to eat ice cream.
• With some verbs, using the gerund or the infinitive has the same meaning: She started watching TV.
= She started to watch TV.
• With some verbs, such as remember and stop, the meaning changes: They stopped going to the
movies. They stopped to go to the movies. (They no longer go. vs. They stopped in order to go.)
• Questions are formed according to the same rules: Do you like to eat ice cream? = Do you like eat-
ing ice cream?
Level 7 • Grammar Index 43

Grammar Index
• Adjective + preposition is followed by a gerund: He is interested in buying a car. / He is unhappy
about losing his keys.
• Adjective without preposition is followed by an infinitive: He is afraid to go. / She is ready to leave.
CHAPTER 4
Phrasal verbs: 2- and 3-word verbs
• A phrasal verb is a verb + the word(s) that follow it; together the meaning is different from the
separate meanings of the words.
• There are two types of phrasal verbs: inseparable and separable.
• An inseparable verb is made up of a verb and a preposition. The preposition always follows the
verb. If there is a pronoun, it comes after the preposition: I’ll go over the schedule. I’ll go over it.
• A separable verb is also made up of a verb and a preposition. The preposition can be moved. If
there is a noun, it can come before or after the preposition: She threw away the letter. She threw
the letter away. The pronoun comes between the verb and the preposition: She threw it away.
• Sometimes a phrasal verb can be both separable and inseparable and have different meanings: He
took off his coat. = He took his coat off. = He removed it. Contrast with: We took off for the beach.
= We left for the beach.
• Phrasal verbs can be used in all tenses: I clean out my desk on Fridays. / I figured out a plan. / We’ll
get back to you about the contract next week.
• They can be used as gerunds and infinitives: Coming up with a plan wasn’t easy. It wasn’t easy to
come up with a plan.
• It is important to memorize whether a phrasal verb is separable or inseparable.
• Examples of separable verbs are: give up, put off, show off, turn down, stir up, hand out, mix up.
• Examples of inseparable verbs are: try out for, watch out for, come across, join in, look for, deal
with.
CHAPTER 5

If–clause review
• Conditional sentences are made up of two clauses: the if–clause that states the condition (if it
rains) and an independent clause that states the result (we won’t go to the park): If it rains, we
won’t go to the park.
• The if-clause can come before or after the other clause: If he calls, I’ll talk to him. = I’ll talk to him
if he calls.
• There are two types of conditionals: real, which describe situations that are true, and unreal, which
describe situations that are untrue or contrary to fact.
• The real conditional can be used to talk about the present and the future. To talk about a pres-
ent habitual action, the present tense is used in both clauses: If I study hard, I get good grades. To
talk about a future situation, the present tense is used in the if–clause and the future tense in the
result clause: If it rains, the concert will be cancelled.
• To use the unreal conditional to talk about the present, the simple past is used in the if–clause and
would, could, or might + the main form of the verb is used in the result clause: If I knew the answer,
I’d tell you. / If they lived closer, they might visit more often.
• To talk about the past, the past perfect is used in the if–clause, and would have or could have +
past participle is used in the result clause: If he hadn’t called, we would have left for the airport.
• If and unless can both be used to state conditions: We’ll get there in time if we hurry. = We won’t
get there in time unless we hurry. = We won’t get there in time if we don’t hurry.
44 Level 7 • Grammar Index

Practice CHAPTER 1
1 Complete the sentences using the correct word(s) from the box.
morale scheduled long hours turned things around make up the time input
1. The new version of the software is __________ for release next week.
2. J
ust when it seemed that there was no hope for us to finish on time, our professor got
more involved in motivating us and really __________ for us.
3. In order to keep the project on schedule, we’ve been putting in __________ the past
two months.
4. We’d like to get your __________ on the thesis of our paper.
5. The further we fell behind in our work, the lower our __________ got.
e did everything we could to __________ in the schedule, but we still completed the
6. W
project several days late.
2 tracks 33–37: Listen to each speaker and circle the best response.
1. a. He’s got everything under control.

b. Yes, he gave A’s to two people.
2. a. I’m concerned about my parents’ health.

b. I’m worried about my grades.
3. a. I think poor student morale is a key issue.

b. We’ll meet the college’s GPA targets.
4. a. It wasn’t so much that. It was the group rising to the occasion.
b. The grades were very generous.
5. a. Yes, the professor made a big difference when things got difficult.
b. Yes, the entire class was involved in every aspect of the project.
3 Put the words in the correct order.
Example: at / all-time / morale / low / right now / is / an
Morale is at an all-time low right now.

1. the / on schedule / back / is / essay
2. held / the professor / together / the situation / to explain / an extra class
3. strong / helped / turn / leadership / the situation / around / her / skills / the student’s
4. is building / delays / the pressure / due to / several / in class / schedule
5. hours / in / to make up / long / will have to / the schedule / we all / the time / put in
Level 7 • Practice 45
Practice
4 tracks 38–43: Listen to each question. Then match it with the best response.
1. ___ a. I might stop by after work if I can.
2. ___ b. I think so. He should be able to tell us a lot about the books we’ll need.
3. ___ c. Yes, it should be here any minute.
4. ___ d. I should be free. I’ll give you a call.
5. ___ e. He could still be in class.
6. ___ f. It wouldn’t be a bad idea.
5 Write three sentences about possible plans for this coming week and/or weekend.
Use may, might and could.
Example: I might see a movie.

1.
2.
3.
6 Complete the conversations using the words in the box.
trust tense and impatient bring out care prioritize
1. – Trisha in our group tries to do everything herself. She doesn’t delegate well.
– It sounds like she doesn’t __________ anyone to do the work the way she wants it done.
2. – How do you want to go about this?

– Well, first let’s __________ the tasks. It will be easier to organize ourselves if we do.

3. – Does your professor ask for class participation?
– No, she doesn’t seem to __________ about anyone else’s ideas.
4. – What do you think your professor’s most impressive quality is?

– He knows how to __________ the best in us.
5. – Do you like your new professor?

– No, not particularly. He’s very __________ during class discussions.
7 Write three sentences about activities you do to help you handle stress.
Example: I like to play golf on the weekend.
1.
2.
3.
46 Level 7 • Practice
Practice CHAPTER 2
1 Choose the best word to complete the sentences below.
A. When the economy grows,
1. ______ increases. a. output b. input
2. workers are ______. a. fired b. hired
3. consumers spend more ______. a. cautiously b. freely
4. stock prices ______. a. rise b. fall
B. When the economy shrinks,
1. consumer ______ decreases. a. recovery b. confidence
2. consumers become ______. a. frugal b. eager
3. workers are ______. a. recruited b. laid off
4. ______ are frozen. a. salaries b. promotions
2 Complete the sentences using a word from the box.
put forced switch terms absorb
1. At what point in your college career did you ________ your major to English?
2. The class needed some time to ________ the bad news.
3. The entire department is going to be ________ into other majors.
4. It wasn’t a ________ transfer. I chose to transfer schools.
5. We parted company on excellent ________.

3 Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice following the example.
Example: TV shows may eliminate movies.
Movies may be eliminated.
1. The airline should announce our flight soon.

2. The waiter should bring your dinner in a few minutes.

3. The professor could review our tests this afternoon.

4. They might reface the library.

5. Our group ought to organize a party when the project is finished.
Practice
4 tracks 44–49: Listen to each question. Then write a short answer to the question using the
verb in parentheses.
Example: It should be. (should)
1. (might)
2. (may)
3. (could)
4. (might)
5. (should)
5 Choose the best word to complete the sentences below.
1. Dan was ________ to hear that his major didn’t have to be changed. (relieved / furious)
2. Sharon was ________ to start a new major at a new college. (disappointed / excited)
3. I’m very ________ to you for calling me to let me know about the foreign exchange
opportunity. (confident / grateful)
4. After he lost his scholarship, Michael felt ________ and didn’t know where to begin his search
for a student loan. (hopeless / hopeful)
5. I know that some of you feel ________, but I can assure you that you are definitely not
responsible. (guilty / glad)
6. How are you going to find your first job if you’re ________ all the time? (optimistic /
depressed)
6 track 50: Listen to the conversation. Write the missing words in the blanks provided.

– Hi, Leonard. How are you? I heard you (1) ________ your scholarship.
– Wow! Bad news travels (2) ________. It happened last week. I took some really (3) ________
classes and couldn’t keep my grades high enough to hold on to my scholarship. It requires at
least a 3.4 GPA (4) ________ and I only have a 3.1.
– What will you do?
– I have to look for grants and student loans now. I’m (5) ________ because student loans have
such a high interest rate. I feel that it will take too long to (6) ________, and in the meantime I’ll
waste a lot of money trying.
– Do you think you can find enough grants to get only a (7) ________ of student loans?
– Well, I’m hoping so, but there’s no telling. I’m going to look for grants based on my major, my
volunteer work, and a couple of other factors. I hope they’ll (8) ________ to enough to avoid
any student loans.
– That’s really hard to do. I have a few thousand dollars in student loans myself. I hope you can
manage to find lots of good grants. They’re hard to get, but I’m sure you’ll (9) ________.
– Thanks. I might have to get (10) ________, but I think it will be worth it.
Practice CHAPTER 3
1 Complete the sentences using the words in the box.
in stock selection features repair haggle
1. The store offered to ________ our TV for free.
2. Brian needs to decide which ________ he wants to have on his new car.
3. When you shop in a supermarket, you can’t ________ to get a lower price. Prices are fixed.
4. The computer I wanted wasn’t ________, so the salesperson ordered it for me.
5. The store had a great ________ of furniture to choose from.
2 tracks 51–55: Listen and choose the best response.
1. a. Let me check with our other store. b. Yes, it has the latest features.
2. a. It’s of the highest quality. b. It was a bargain.
3. a. Yes, we have several in stock. b. It depends on how old your TV is.
4. a. It is. I just bought it last week. b. It was. I paid through the nose.
5. a. Thanks. It’s a steal. b. Does it cover all maintenance and repairs?
3 Rewrite the sentences using the infinitive of the appropriate verb.
Example: I tried buying a new part for my car, but the supplier was out of stock.
I tried to buy a new part for my car, but the supplier was out of stock.
1. Rafael began collecting coins after his visit to Albania.

2. Mary Ann can’t stand shopping on the weekend when the stores are crowded.
3. Victoria likes looking for bargains online.
4. We continued calling until we were finally able to get through to John.
4 Rewrite each sentence following the example.
Example: Returning a gift can be difficult.
It can be difficult to return a gift.
1. Finishing the project took a lot more time than expected.
Practice
2. Understanding the fine print on a warranty is essential.
3. Shopping for a gift can be frustrating if you don’t have an idea what to buy.
4. Waiting a long time on hold for customer service is annoying.
5 Put a check in front of the correct response.
1. In which sentence has Dawn already made the appointment?
__ __ a. Dawn remembered setting up the appointment.
__ __ b. Dawn remembered to set up the appointment.
2. In which sentence was Greg not already reading the advertisement?
__ __ a. Greg stopped reading the advertisement.
__ __ b. Greg stopped to read the advertisement.
6 track 56: Listen to the conversation. Then answer the questions.
1. Why did the customer come to the store?
2. Is this the first complaint the store has received?

3. What did the customer want the store to provide first?
4. How does the store prefer to handle the transaction?
5. What does the customer decide to do?
7 Match the statements and the responses.
1. I’m calling about a jacket I ordered a. Would you like to exchange it for a
from your Website. ___ different size?
2. I’d like to speak with the manager. ___ b. Have you checked the box thoroughly?
3. Do you have the sales receipt? ___ c. Yes, how can I help you?
4. There seem to be some parts missing. ___ d. No, it was a gift.
5. This coat is the wrong size. ___ e. I’ll see if she is available.
Practice CHAPTER 4
1 Complete the sentences with a word from the box.

crafts fireworks missed painted highlight
1. We had a great time but, unfortunately, we ________ the live music.
2. The ________ of the day was the hot-air balloon ride.
3. My friends loved the street performers and really enjoyed having their faces ________.
4. We enjoyed looking at the arts and ________ on display.
5. The ________ were fantastic! They lit up the whole sky!
2 Match the sentences with the answers.
1. How was the festival this weekend? a. Yes, we found a great spot in the park.
2. Were there any folk dancers? b. I don’t know. We left before it got dark.
3. Was there any place to picnic there? c. Definitely. I wouldn’t miss it.
4. Wasn’t there a concert that night? d. Yes, and they wore beautiful costumes.
5. Do you think you’ll go again? e. It was a lot of fun.
3 Answer the questions in complete sentences. Use the words in parentheses in your answer.
Example: Have they set up the stage for the street performers yet? (this afternoon)
No, they’re setting it up this afternoon.

1. – Did Susan bring up the idea of going to the Cherry Blossom Festival? (last night)
– Yes,
2. – Has Trent worked out his vacation schedule? (yet)
– No,
3. – Did you come across any information on hiking in the area? (on the Internet)
– Yes,
4. – Did Ellen write down the directions to the jazz festival? (before leaving)
– Yes,
5. – Did your friends join in with the dancers? (for a little while)
– Yes,
Practice
4 Complete the conversations using the phrases in the box.
feeling up to it get back to you keep up with him turns out fill in for you
1. – Do you still jog with Nick?
– No, I can’t __________________ anymore!
2. – I can’t go to my part-time job tomorrow.
– Do you want me to __________________?
3. – Are you still free for lunch tomorrow?
– I’m not sure. Can I __________________ this afternoon?
4. – Didn’t we say we would go for a bike ride along the coast this weekend?
– Would you mind if I canceled? I’m not __________________.
5. – Have you found anything interesting to do on Saturday night?
– Yes, it __________________ there’s a theater festival going on downtown.
5 track 57: Listen to Marcia talking about a festival in her town. Then answer the questions.
1. When is the spring festival in Marcia’s hometown?
2. How long has the city been hosting the festival?
3. What are some of the festival events?

4. What does Marcia enjoy most?
5. What does it take to win first prize in this event?
6 Circle the word that best completes the sentence.
1. The running of the bulls was ________. (thrilling / charming)
2. The fireworks were ________. (relaxing / dazzling)
3. The view from the balloon was absolutely ________. (embarrassing / breathtaking)
4. The children who performed were ________. (charming / stunning)
5. The jugglers and street performers were ________. (challenging / astonishing)
Practice CHAPTER 5
1 Complete the sentences using the words in the box.
bitter snowed scorching mild chilly
1. It’s a little _________ today. I suggest you take a sweater with you.
2. It’s absolutely _________ out there today! I can’t remember it ever being this cold.
3. It’s _________ outside. And they’re calling for more hot weather the rest of the week.
4. I like places with a _________ climate — not too hot and not too cold.
5. Look! It’s completely white out there. We’re going to get _________ in.
2 tracks 58-62: Listen to each speaker and circle the best response.
1. a. It has a mild, pleasant climate. b. You don’t need your winter coat.
2. a. It was cool and clear here, too. b. I heard there was a blizzard there.
3. a. It’s below freezing for the most part. b. Yes, it’s a great place to visit.
4. a. I’ve lost my umbrella. b. It’s OK. There are just a few flurries.
5. a. It rained the entire time we were there. b. It was scorching hot in our part of town.
3 Write three sentences about the weather where you live.
1.
2.
3.
4 Using the phrases provided, write sentences using if.

Example: listen to the forecast / take our umbrellas

If we had listened to the forecast, we would have taken our umbrellas.
1. know that the weather was going to be bad / bring my winter coat
2. ever win the lottery / I / travel around the world
3. have a cell phone / can call the airline on your way to the airport
4. know that the road was closed / Sam / take another way home
5. call us before leaving / tell them that a storm was coming
Practice
5 Fill in the blank with the correct word — if or unless.
1. ______ it’s not too hot tonight, I’ll go for a bike ride after work.
2. You won’t be able to get a table at Café Bernard ______ you call in advance.
3. Emil’s parents won’t be allowed in the country ______ they bring their passports with them.
4. ______ we stay at our friend’s house, we won’t be able to afford a ski vacation this year.
5. Lydie would speak better English ______ she had more opportunities to practice.
6. ______ you get snowed in, give me a call. I’ll drive over in my truck.
7. You shouldn’t stay in that hotel ______ you don’t feel safe there.
8. You won’t be able to get your hair cut today ______ you call for an appointment.
9. You’re not allowed to bring your camera into the gallery ______ you have an authorization
from the management of the museum.
10. ______ they don’t start saving soon, they won’t have enough money for their retirement.
6 track 63: Listen to the conversation between Mr. Bianchi and a travel agent. Then answer the ques-
tions.
1. What does the travel agent recommend that Mr. Bianchi buy?
2. Why does she think this is important?
3. What happens if someone becomes very ill?

4. What happens if you lose your passport?
5. What is the travel agent going to do next?
7 Read each situation. Then write what you would do.
1. Your government issues a travel advisory for a country you are planning to visit.
2. You are going to a developing country, and you don’t know what foods are safe to eat.
3. You don’t know what immunizations you need before you travel to China.
Answer Key
CHAPTER 1
Exercise 1
1. scheduled 2. turned things around 3. long hours 4. input 5. morale
6. make up the time
Exercise 2
1. a 2. b 3. a 4. a 5. b
Exercise 3
1. The project is back on schedule. 2. The professor held an extra class to explain the situation.
3. The student’s strong leadership skills helped her turn the situation around. 4. The pressure in class
is building due to several schedule delays. 5. We all will have to put in long hours to make up the time
in the schedule.
Exercise 4
1. c 2. f 3. a 4. b 5. d 6. e
Exercise 5
Answers will vary.
Exercise 6
1. trust 2. prioritize 3. care 4. bring out 5. tense and impatient
Exercise 7
Answers will vary.
CHAPTER 2
Exercise 1
A. 1. a 2. b 3. b 4. a
B. 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a
Exercise 2
1. switch 2. absorb 3. put 4. forced 5. terms

Exercise 3
1. Our flight should be announced soon. 2. Your dinner should be brought in a few minutes.
3. Our tests could be reviewed this afternoon. 4. The library might be refaced. 5. A party ought to
be organized when the project is finished.
Exercise 4
1. It might be. 2. They may be. 3. They could be. 4. They might be. 5. It should be.
Exercise 5
1. relieved 2. excited 3. grateful 4. hopeless 5. guilty 6. depressed
Exercise 6
1. laid off 2. fast 3. difficult 4. per semester 5. really upset 6. pay them off
7. minimal amount 8. add up 9. figure something out 10. inventive
Level 7 • Answer Key 55

Answer Key
CHAPTER 3
Exercise 1
1. repair 2. features 3. haggle 4. in stock 5. selection
Exercise 2
1. a 2. b 3. b 4. a 5. b
Exercise 3
1. Rafael began to collect coins after his visit to Albania. 2. Mary Ann can’t stand to shop on
the weekend when the stores are crowded. 3. Victoria likes to look for bargains online. 4. We
continued to call until we were finally able to get through to John.
Exercise 4
1. It took a lot more time to finish the project than expected. 2. It is essential to understand the
fine print on a warranty. 3. It can be frustrating to shop for a gift if you don’t have an idea what
to buy. 4. It is annoying to wait a long time on hold for customer service.
Exercise 5
1. a. Dawn remembered setting up the appointment. (First Dawn set up the appointment, and then
she remembered doing it.) 2. b. Greg stopped to read the advertisement. (First Greg stopped,
and then he read the advertisement.)
Exercise 6
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
1. The zipper broke on the travel bag she bought. 2. No, they’ve had several complaints. 3. The
customer wanted a refund first. 4. The store wants the customer to look around for another bag.
5. She decides to look around.
Exercise 7
1. c 2. e 3. d 4. b 5. a
CHAPTER 4

Exercise 1
1. missed 2. highlight 3. painted 4. crafts 5. fireworks
Exercise 2
1. e 2. d 3. a 4. b 5. c
Exercise 3
1. Yes, she brought it up last night. 2. No, he hasn’t worked it out yet. 3. Yes, I came across
information on the Internet. 4. Yes, she wrote them down before leaving. 5. Yes, they joined in
for a little while.
Exercise 4
1. keep up with him 2. fill in for you 3. get back to you 4. feeling up to it 5. turns out
Exercise 5
Answers may vary. Possible answers:
1. It’s the first Saturday in May. 2. They’ve been hosting it for 50 years. 3. There’s a big
parade, street vendors, and flower displays. 4. She enjoys the flower displays. 5. There is a con-
test for the best flower arrangement.
Exercise 6
1. thrilling 2. dazzling 3. breathtaking 4. charming 5. astonishing
56 Level 7 • Answer Key

Answer Key
CHAPTER 5
Exercise 1
1. chilly 2. bitter 3. scorching 4. mild 5. snowed
Exercise 2
1. a 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. a
Exercise 3
Answers will vary.
Exercise 4
1. If I had known that the weather was going to be bad, I would have brought my winter coat. 2. If I
ever win the lottery, I will travel around the world. 3. If you had a cell phone you could call the
airline on your way to the airport. 4. If Sam had known that the road was closed, he could have taken
another way home. 5. If they had called us before leaving, we could have told them that a storm was
coming.
(Note: There is more than one possible response for some of the questions. The following are also
correct: 2. If I ever won the lottery, I would travel around the world. 3. If you have a cell phone, you
can call the airline on your way to the airport.)
Exercise 5
1. If 2. unless 3. unless 4. Unless 5. if 6. If 7. if 8. unless 9. unless 10. If
Exercise 6
Answers will vary. Possible answers:
1. She recommends that he buy travel insurance. 2. It will cover him for medical care around the
world. 3. They will fly him back home. 4. They can help get a new one. 5. She’s going to send
him information.
Exercise 7
Answers will vary.
Level 7 • Answer Key 57

Audio Script
CHAPTER 1 so we can discuss. All right? Thanks.
ACTIVITY 1 | TRACK 1 TRACK 5

- This is Barry. – Hello. This is Olivier Cheneau. I’m away from my
phone for a moment. Please leave a message, and
- Hi, Barry. It’s Ciro. I’ll call you back as soon as I can.
- Hi, Ciro. Are you calling to confirm working on our – Olivier, it’s Linda. I got your e-mail. I’m concerned
project tomorrow? about the project, too, but I have a few ideas. I
think they could make a difference. Give me a call
- Actually, I’m calling to say that I have to cancel. so we can discuss. All right? Thanks.
- Oh, that’s too bad. Is everything OK? TRACK 6 | Three
- Remember that big paper I told you I was working – Hi, this is William Stiles. I’m either away from
on? my phone or on the other line. Please leave a
message at the tone.
- Yeah.
– Hi, William. It’s Sarah. I’d really like to talk to you
- Well, it just got bigger. My professor decided about the situation. Would you have time today?
to expand certain parts of it. To make matters Let me know, OK? My extension is 3078. Thanks.
worse, I have three other huge projects going on
right now. TRACK 7
– Hi, this is William Stiles. I’m either away from my
- Sounds pretty rough, Ciro. Listen, there’s no pres- phone or on the other line. Please leave a mes-
sure on us to meet this week. Why don’t you give sage at the tone.
me a call when things get a little better? – Hi, William. It’s Sarah. I’d really like to talk to you
- That may not be for a couple of weeks yet, Barry. about the situation. Would you have time today?
Let me know, OK? My extension is 3078. Thanks.
- That’s all right. The due date is a long way off.
- Thanks, Barry. I appreciate your understanding. ACTIVITY 9 | TRACK 8 | Yoshio
I can’t say enough about my professor. She’s excel-
ACTIVITY 6 | TRACK 2 | One lent. She knows how to bring out the best in people.
– You have reached Ed Norton. Please leave a She got her PhD in her field as well as in teaching.
message, and I’ll return your call. Thank you. That makes a big difference — she knows both sub-
– Hi, Mr. Norton. It’s Paolo Rossi. We’ve come up ject matters inside and out. But her job isn’t always
with several responses for the issues you raised easy. There are plenty of stressful moments when

during last week’s meeting. The situation may not students disagree and argue during class discus-
be quite as bleak as you suggested. We’d like to sions. But when things get really difficult, she tries
have an opportunity to share our ideas with you. to explore both sides of the argument neutrally and
Please give me a call at 212-555-4689. Thank you. logically. We know that we can go to her anytime we
have a question or problem. She’s supportive and
TRACK 3 knows how to motivate us. The bottom line is that
– You have reached Ed Norton, Director of Planning she’s committed to her class, and we all know it.
for Coulter Enterprises. Please leave a message, TRACK 9 | Shirley
and I’ll return your call. Thank you.
A few years ago, I had a professor who — how can
– Hi, Mr. Norton. It’s Paolo Rossi. We’ve come up I say this? — who left a lot to be desired. He was
with several responses for the issues you raised rather disorganized, and he wasn’t very reliable.
during last week’s meeting. The situation may not Half the time he didn’t even answer e-mail ques-
be quite as bleak as you suggested. We’d like to tions. When I would ask him a question in class, he
have an opportunity to share our ideas with you. was evasive — I almost never got a good answer
Please give me a call at 212-555-4689. Thank you. out of him. It was stressful at times because all of
TRACK 4 | Two us in the class needed guidance in our work and we
weren’t getting it. We sometimes wondered if he
– Hello. This is Olivier Cheneau. I’m away from my knew what he was doing. It sure didn’t seem like it.
desk for a moment. Please leave a message, and
I’ll call you back as soon as I can. TRACK 10 | Simon
– Olivier, it’s Linda. I got your e-mail. I’m concerned My current professor is a bit self-focused. She just
about the project, too, but I have a few ideas. I talks and talks and talks, lecturing the whole
think they could make a difference. Give me a call class. She would never dream of asking us for our
58 LevelLevel
7 • Audio
5 • Answer
Script Key
Audio Script
AUDIO SCRIPT
input. It’s a shame because some of us have ideas, TRACK 14 | Bridget

and we’d love to share them. The fact that our Two years ago, I conducted a chemistry research
opinions mean nothing has gradually eroded the experiment that has gotten a lot of attention from
morale of our entire class. How would you feel in important people in the field, major academic jour-
our shoes? nals, plus I got to present my results at an inter-
national conference in front of tons of my peers as
TRACK 11 | Hiroko well as professionals. Now an Ivy League college
I once had a professor who was too friendly with us. has offered me a scholarship if I transfer to their
She acted as though she was our buddy. She also school. The scholarship would allow me to gradu-
had a hard time directing us in our work. That was a ate with very few student loans, and of course the
problem. Some people took advantage of her teach- school would look great on my resume. But the
ing style and didn’t really do their homework and school I’m in helped get me to the point I’m at now.
projects, but she never said anything to them. That Although the whole hypothesis was my idea, the
made us feel that it didn’t matter if we were doing professors guided me through how to perform the
our work or not. She also didn’t accommodate differ- experiments I had in mind. They also helped me get
ent learning styles. When we found that out, some of my research paper published in major journals. I
us dropped the course. It shows that one person can feel that it’s not right to just go to a better school
make a big difference, either in a positive way or in a as soon as the chance arises after all they did to
negative way. help me. What should I do?
TRACK 15 | Alissa
CHAPTER 2
I got quite a surprise from my supervisor at my
ACTIVITY 1 | TRACK 12 part-time job at the library last week. He offered
– Have you heard the news? Half the professors in me a promotion to circulation manager, which is a
full-time position that has benefits. Sounds great,
our department are going to be right? Well, even though the job would be in the
eliminated. right career field for me, my dream is to become a
– Yes, I heard about it this morning. How are you research librarian, and I need a master’s degree for
taking it? that. I haven’t even finished my bachelor’s degree
yet! If I take this job, I’ll have to finish my degree
– Not great. One of my favorite teachers is being by taking my classes nights and weekends, which
eliminated. He was so excellent. will take twice as long. Then again, if I do it that
way, I can pay for my courses with my new income
– That’s awful! I wonder how they decided who to
and get rid of my student loans. This is a difficult
eliminate and who to keep. I hope they aren’t decision.
eliminating the wrong people.

TRACK 16 | Mitchell
– Our department is full of great professors. I can
think of another department that has some dead I’m majoring in Hospitality with only a handful of
other students. It’s not the most popular major, but
weight. I’ve been enjoying it. Yesterday, the dean asked to
– Honestly, so can I. have a meeting with my fellow Hospitality majors
and me, and he told us that there aren’t enough stu-
ACTIVITY 7 | TRACK 13 | Jerome dents in the major to continue it; they can’t justify
Last month, my parents told me that our family the costs. So now the school is getting rid of it. That
would be moving to Boston. My dad’s job was means I can either stay in this school and start a
moving and we needed to move with it. I was so new major or transfer to a new school and stay in
surprised at the announcement. What it means for my old major. Neither option sounds bad. I like this
me is transferring to a new school when this one is school, and I’ve only majored in Hospitality for one
perfect for me and finding a new part-time job. It’s year, so it wouldn’t be much of a setback to start a
not an easy decision. Of course I want to be with new major. But I do like Hospitality, and going to a
my family, but I love this college and I don’t want to new school to continue it could be exciting. I’ll have
leave it. I still have a couple months to make a final to make a decision soon.
decision. If I don’t move with my family, I’ll have
ACTIVITY 11 | TRACK 17
to find an affordable place to live, maybe even go
to school part-time so I can work more in order to – Did you hear the news? Allen was canned this
afford my living expenses. Either that or take out a morning.
lot of student loans. I have no idea what to do. – What?
– You know, severed, surplussed, downsized, non-
retained, discontinued.
Level 7 • Audio Script 59

Audio Script
– You mean he was fired? I’ll pay for one single and one double scoop.” But
– That’s it! Let go, disemployed, vocationally no, he couldn’t do that it was against company
relocated policy. So he put two scoops into one cone and one
scoop into another. I took the single scoop out of
– But why? His position wasn’t redundant, was it? the cone and put it on top of the double scoop and
– No, it was part of a policy of belt-tightening, gave the empty cone to my dog. The employee
resource reallocation, payroll adjustment, reorga- thought I was crazy.
nization …
– Got it. Understood. Message received. TRACK 21 | Samantha
I subscribe to a couple of magazines. Last week I
called the customer service number of one of them
CHAPTER 3 to let them know that I was changing my address.
ACTIVITY 1 | TRACK 18 What an ordeal! First of all, you never get a human
being on the phone anymore. It’s all automated.
– What did you do this weekend, John? When I reached customer service, I was put on hold.
– Lots of little projects around the house. My That went on for ten minutes. When I finally got a
parents bought some shelves for their bedroom live person on the phone, I was told that I had the
wrong department. So I was transferred. Then the
closet a couple months ago, but had never gotten
phone rang and rang, but nobody answered, and
around to putting them up. So this weekend we there was no way to leave a message. Finally, I got
decided to install them. so annoyed that I hung up. I don’t think I’m going to
– Are they happy with the closet now? renew my subscription.
– Well, it wasn’t as easy as we thought. Once we TRACK 22 | James
started building the shelves, we discovered that I went to a furniture store this weekend to buy a new
an entire bag of parts was missing. sofa. I was looking around when one of the sales-
– Oh no. So what did you do? people came up to me and asked if I needed help. I
was glad she did because I was totally lost there
– You won’t believe this, but they put all the pieces were too many choices. She helped me pick out the
back in the box and went to the store where they perfect sofa. She also told me that the store offers a
had bought it to see if they could give us the free decorating service. A decorator comes to your
missing parts. house and gives you some ideas for setting your
place up. Of course the decorating plan includes
– What did they do? furniture from their store, but still, it’s a nice ser-
– They took the shelves back and gave us a brand vice. After the sofa’s delivered, I think I’ll give it a

new set of shelves. No questions asked. We were try.
so surprised.
ACTIVITY 12 | TRACK 23
– They took the shelves back and gave us a brand
new set of shelves. No questions asked. We were – Hello. TechToys.
so surprised. – Hi, I’m calling about the electronic water gun that
I ordered from your Website for my son.
– Wow, that’s great service.
– Yes. How can I help you?
– You can say that again.
– It seems to be missing a few parts.
ACTIVITY 8 | TRACK 19 | Olivia – Have you checked all the parts against the list in
I went to a department store the other day to buy a the box?
blouse. When I got to the cash register to pay for it, – Yes, I have. I can tell you everything that’s miss-
the salesperson asked me if I had a coupon. She said ing.
it would give me an extra 25% off. I told her I didn’t – OK. Just give me a moment.
have it. She had one by the register. She entered the
code, and my shirt cost me 25% less! I thought that TRACK 24
was really nice of her to give me the extra discount.
– Buongiorno. Moda Nuova.
TRACK 20 | Jean-Pierre – Hi, I visited your store in Rome when I was there
Last summer I went to an ice cream place. I wanted on vacation. I’m calling to see if I can return or
to buy a triple scoop ice-cream cone. The employee exchange a jacket I bought there. I didn’t try it
told me they only served single and double scoops. on when I was there, and I just found out that it’s
So I said: “OK, just put three scoops on a cone, and much too small for me.
60 Level 7 • Audio Script

Audio Script
– Some of our inventory is the same as in our I’d seen it on TV before, but that’s nothing com-
stores overseas, but there are many items we pared to being there in person. It’s a wild scene. The
don’t carry here. If you’d like, you could bring the streets are jammed with people. Young men — and
jacket in and we could see if we have it in stock. sometimes young women — dress in white trousers
– Actually, I don’t live very near the store. I was and t-shirts. They wear red scarves around their
hoping I could mail it to you. necks. Together they sing a short song three times.
They sing it at 7:55 a.m., 7:57, and 7:59. Then at
– Could you hold just a moment? I’ll check with the exactly 8 o’clock, a rocket is fired. Everyone starts
manager. running because there are six bulls running right BE-
HIND them. The bulls run through the streets to the
CHAPTER 4 bullring, where they fight. It only takes them about
four minutes to run to the bullring. Everyone has to
ACTIVITY 1 | TRACK 25 run very fast, obviously, or they’ll get hurt by the
– How was the long weekend? bulls. Sometimes people do get hurt. After that, the
streets get very crowded. There are a lot of activi-
– Very nice, thanks. On Sunday, we went to the
ties going on — music, dancing, singing contests,
Labor Day Festival at the park.
and so on. It’s one big party all night long. If you ever
– How was it? get a chance, go to Pamplona for the running of the
– It was a lot of fun. There was a parade, activities bulls. It’s a must-see.
for kids, and some live music.
TRACK 28 | Carnaval in Brazil
– Really? Who was playing?
When people think of Carnaval, they usually think
– A local group. I’ve never heard of them before,
of Rio, but, actually, Carnaval takes place all over
but they played all kinds of music. At one point,
Brazil. It’s a four-day celebration, usually in Febru-
people started dancing.
ary or March. During those four days, the country
– That sounds great. Did they have a lot of food basically stops all normal activity while people
vendors, too? dance the Samba in the streets. There is a Samba
– Oh, yes. They had everything: burgers, hotdogs, Parade with dancers in incredible costumes danc-
funnel cakes, ice cream, barbecue, and even ing all night long. People who come to watch also
dance and have fun and try to forget about their
some Chinese food! everyday problems. We have these associations —
– I’m sorry I missed it. called Samba Schools — and they compete in the
– Well, there’s always next year, you know. parade. Each school tries to do its best to win —
their costumes are fantastic — it’s just incredible
ACTIVITY 7 | TRACK 26 | Australia to see. It’s a huge, four-day party!
National Day
Once I was in Australia on January 26 — that’s CHAPTER 5
Australia National Day. It’s a big national holiday.
It was incredible. I loved it. National Day commem- ACTIVITY 1 | TRACK 29
orates the day the British captain, Arthur Phillip, – Hi, Grandma! I’m so glad you came to visit. Let
arrived in Australia in 1788. He was the one who
me take your coat.
started the first permanent British settlement
there. But nowadays, National Day is more of a big – Hi, Anna, you look wonderful. Thank you, here you
community day. The towns have lots of activities go.
for the family — parades, fireworks, flag-raising, – How was your trip?
concerts, theater productions, and sports activities
— a little bit of everything. One of my Australian – Fine, thanks. The weather here is cooler than I
friends told me there’s a big carnival in Canberra, had expected.
but I didn’t see that. I was in Sydney. Anyway, – Yes, it’s been unusually chilly the past few weeks.
National Day is a big, festive day when different What’s the weather like in Florida this time of
groups — sporting clubs, theater troupes and so on year?
— get out and celebrate and have fun together. – Warmer and a lot more humid. Our hurricane sea-
son just ended, and it’s starting to get very warm.
TRACK 27 | The running of the bulls in Pam- This cool weather is a nice change for me.
plona
– I’m glad to hear that. Sit down and I’ll get us
I was really lucky last summer. I was in Spain, in
something to snack on. Would you like some
Pamplona, for the running of the bulls. It happens
over one week — from the 6th to the 14th of July. water?

Audio Script
ACTIVITY 7 | TRACK 30 TRACK 36 | Four
– I’ve decided to take a bike trip across the south Your strategy was brilliant.
of France. I want to start in Biarritz and end up in
Nice. I’ve never done this before, so if you have TRACK 37 | Five
any tips, I’d love to hear them. Did you rely on your classmates for input?
– I hope you’re in shape, Richard. It’s very hilly.
Don’t put too much in your backpack. And be sure EXERCISE 4 | TRACK 38 | One
to take some good rain gear. There can be show- Listen to each question. Then match it with the best
ers at any time. But it’s beautiful country, with response.
many charming villages. I think you’re going to Is the train running on schedule?
love it.
TRACK 39 | Two
TRACK 31 Do you think we’ll need to take umbrellas?
– Did you visit the World Health Organization’s
Website? TRACK 40 | Three
– Yes, I found it had a lot of great information if you Are you going to the party for Mark Tatum’s gradu-
are traveling to certain countries. For example, ation?
they had some general tips about what to eat and
drink, or should I say what NOT to eat or drink … TRACK 41 | Four
what to avoid. They said that for many parts of Are you going to ask Jared to participate?
the world it’s a good idea to avoid drinking the
water unless it’s bottled or has been boiled. In TRACK 42 | Five
addition, it’s recommended not to eat raw vegeta- Will you be able to meet me for lunch some time
bles or fruits. They also suggest not eating from next week?
food vendors on the street and to avoid milk and
dairy products in many places. It depends on the TRACK 43 | Six
country, of course. Trying new foods is one of the I wonder why my friend hasn’t called back yet.
best parts of traveling, but it’s not a bad idea to
be careful about what you eat and drink.
PRACTICE: CHAPTER 2
TRACK 32
EXERCISE 4 | TRACK 44 | Example
– We’re planning a hiking trip in the mountains this
weekend. Listen to each question. Then write a short answer
to the question using the verb in parentheses.
– That should be fun. One thing you need to pay

attention to this time of year is how fast the Is the package going to be delivered today?
weather changes. In the early morning, it can be
very foggy. Then as the day progresses, it can TRACK 45 | One
get very sunny and warm. There could also be Will the tour still be given today at 3:00?
thunderstorms this time of year. Of course, the
storms often pass as quickly as they begin. The TRACK 46 | Two
thing is, you don’t want to be out walking when a Will the dorms be filled soon?
storm hits. So just pay attention to the weather.
Keep an eye on the sky. If it starts to get dark, TRACK 47 | Three
you know you need to find shelter fast. Are more buildings going to be closed?
TRACK 48 | Four
PRACTICE: CHAPTER 1 Are graduation ceremonies going to be eliminated?
EXERCISE 2 | TRACK 33 | One
TRACK 49 | Five
Listen to each speaker and circle the best response.
Will the new strategy be discussed at tomorrow’s
How is the professor handling the situation? group meeting?
TRACK 34 | Two EXERCISE 6 | TRACK 50
What is your biggest concern at school these days? Listen to the conversation. Write the missing words
in the blanks provided.
TRACK 35 | Three
– Hi, Leonard. How are you? I heard you lost your
We need to address the problems we’ve been hav- scholarship.
ing.

Audio Script
– Wow! Bad news travels fast. It happened last week. – Well, I don’t want to exchange it for a new bag,
I took some really difficult classes and couldn’t then get it home and have the zipper break again.
keep my grades high enough to hold on to my – If you still have your receipt, I can refund your
scholarship. It requires at least a 3.4 GPA per se- money. Or, if you’d like to look around and see if
mester and I only have a 3.1. you can find another bag you’d like instead.
– What will you do? – Could you give me the refund first? Then I’ll take a
– I have to look for grants and student loans now. look around and see if there’s another bag I want.
I’m really upset because student loans have such – Actually, it’s easier for the store not to do the
a high interest rate. I feel that it will take too long refund separately. So if you think you might like
to pay them off, and in the meantime I’ll waste a another bag, I’ll wait for you to look around.
lot of money trying.
– All right. Just give me a minute to see what else
– Do you think you can find enough grants to get you have.
only a minimal amount of student loans?
– Let me know if you have any questions.
– Well, I’m hoping so, but there’s no telling. I’m
going to look for grants based on my major, my
volunteer work, and a couple of other factors. PRACTICE: CHAPTER 4
I hope they’ll add up to enough to avoid any
student loans. EXERCISE 5 | TRACK 57
– That’s really hard to do. I have a few thousand Listen to Marcia talking about a festival in her town.
dollars in student loans myself. I hope you can Then answer the questions.
manage to find lots of good grants. They’re hard The spring festival in our town is an exciting event.
to get, but I’m sure you’ll figure something out. It involves the entire community. This year we’re
– Thanks. I might have to get inventive, but I think celebrating the 50th anniversary of the festival.
it will be worth it. Thousands of people come from all over the coun-
try for it. It takes place the first Saturday in May.
There’s a big parade with school bands, firefighters,
PRACTICE: CHAPTER 3 and street performers. Spectators sit along the pa-
rade route to watch and wave. Street vendors sell
EXERCISE 2 | TRACK 51 | One food and handmade art. There’s a lot going on. The
Listen and choose the best response. absolute highlight for me are the flower displays.
Do you think you can track down the model I want? Every year, there is a contest for the best flower
arrangement. They’re all so gorgeous. Anybody can
TRACK 52 | Two enter the contest. The winner receives a prize from
one of our local businesses. One year, they gave
How good a deal did you get on the sofa?

away a trip to Holland. That was definitely the best
TRACK 53 | Three prize yet.
Do you think this DVD player will be compatible
with my TV? PRACTICE: CHAPTER 5
TRACK 54 | Four EXERCISE 2 | TRACK 58 | ONE
Your car looks brand new! Listen to each speaker and circle the best response.
Do you know anything about Santa Barbara, Cali-
TRACK 55 | Five
fornia?
Are you interested in a service contract?
TRACK 59 | Two
EXERCISE 6 | TRACK 56
We had such bad weather during our vacation in
Listen to the conversation. Then answer the ques- Montreal.
tions.
– Can I help you? TRACK 60 | Three
– Yes, I bought this travel bag last week. I used it Moscow is not the warmest place in the winter,
one time and the zipper broke. There must have is it?
been something wrong with it.
TRACK 61 | Four
– I’m sorry. We’ve been having trouble with that
shipment of travel bags. Several other customers I don’t think you should drive in this weather.
have complained about the zipper breaking. Would
you like to exchange your bag for another one?

Audio Script
TRACK 62 | Five
How was the visit to the harbor?
EXERCISE 6 | TRACK 63
Listen to the conversation between Mr. Bianchi and
a travel agent. Then answer the questions.
– Silvio Bianchi.
– Mr. Bianchi, this is Anita from Brooks Travel. I
have your itinerary ready. I’ll fax it over to you
this morning.
– Good. So I’m all set?
– Yes, and I’m also going to send over some infor-
mation on travel insurance. If you travel outside
the country, it’s a good idea to have travel insur-
ance. It covers you for medical care around the
world, as well as a few other things.
– That sounds like a good idea. Could you briefly
just tell me a little more about it?
– Sure, hold on for a moment. … Mr. Bianchi?
– Yes?
– It says here that you get 24-hour travel assis-
tance and coverage for medical bills, hospital
expenses, and unexpected trip expenses. So, for
example, if you lose your passport, they can help
you get a new one. If you need a doctor, they will
put you in touch with one. And, if you were to
become very ill or get injured — which, of course,
we hope won’t happen — they will fly you back
home. Basically, you know that if anything hap-
pens to you, you can get help without facing big
out-of-pocket expenses.
– It seems like something to consider. How much

does it cost?
– There are several options. Why don’t you take a
look at the information I’m sending you. If you
have any questions, just give me a call.
– Great. Thank you for your help, Anita.
– Have a good day, Mr. Bianchi. Bye-bye.

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7

Berlitz Languages, Inc.

Copyright© 2014 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

For use exclusively in connection with Berlitz classroom instruction.

Berlitz Languages, Inc.

• watch movies and news programs in English

If there is anything we can do to make your learning more suc-

The Berlitz Staff

1 I’m under a lot of pressure. 1–5 • School pressures

2  ow are you taking the news?

3 Y ou can say that again. 12 – 17 • Customer service

4  e had such a good time!

©2014 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

5 It’s cooler than I expected. 24 – 29 • Weather as a factor in

Additional Action Modules 37 – 40

Vocabulary / Expressions Index 41 – 42

• Talking about a service surprise • Gerunds and infinitives Word Play

• Describing an outdoor activity • Phrasal verbs Word Play

• Talking about festivals and celebra- Culture Corner

• Talking about the weather • If-clause review Travel advisories

I’m under a lot of pressure.

3 Turning things around

4 WORD PLAY Phrases for projects and schedules

ahead of schedule = early

under control = (a difficult situation that is being) managed successfully

on track = going according to plan

5 Modals of probability — degrees of certainty

more certain: should, ought to, must

The professor ought to like the design. T IP !

less certain: may, might, could

©2014 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

— When will the report be ready?

— Will you be able to meet me on Saturday?

— Why haven’t we heard from Richard?

— Do you think Jan will be happy with the card?

causes of school-related stress:

8 Describing people’s reactions to pressure

9 Does your professor make you feel stressed?

YOSHIO SHIRLEY SIMON HIROKO

yes no yes no yes no yes no

10 What does it take to be a good professor?

a good professor should ...

q have good communication skills q encourage classmates to interact

q make clear what needs to

q be able to start interesting discussions q support creative thinking

©2014 Berlitz Languages, Inc.

11 Letting off steam

One of the best antidotes

exercising socializing playing

1 Vocabulary and expressions

6. To let off steam

My appointment shouldn’t take long. Will you wait for me?

3 Grammar practice: Should or could?

Complete the conversations using should or could.

1. Frank tells Taylor that

2. Frank has plus

3. Frank says that he’s

4. Taylor says that Frank is trying to

Discuss the following questions.

1. What pressures do you face at university?

2. Do these pressures cause you stress?

3. How does stress normally affect you?

4. What can you do to let off steam when you’re stressed

• watch movies and news programs in English

1 I’m under a lot of pressure. 1–5 • School pressures

2 ow are you taking the news?

3 Y ou can say that again. 12 – 17 • Customer service

4 e had such a good time!

5 It’s cooler than I expected. 24 – 29 • Weather as a factor in

Additional Action Modules 37 – 40

Vocabulary / Expressions Index 41 – 42

q be able to start interesting discussions q support creative thinking