Chapter 2

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
This chapter includes discussions about related literature and studies as well as conceptual
model of the study and operational definition of terms.

Review of Related Literatures and Studies

The purpose of this literature review is to gain an understanding of waste management planning
concepts, frameworks, strategies, and components that are current and emerging in the field. A
particular focus is given to literature which pertains to the management of municipal solid waste
and construction and demolition waste with a greater emphasis placed on information useful to
organizations in the industrial. The crucial elements of a comprehensive waste management
plan are examined in detail. Specific information is given on existing frameworks, emerging
trends, and important considerations
The literature review focuses on surveying information pertaining to existing waste management
methodologies, policies, and research relevant in Laresio Resort. Information was sourced from
peer-reviewed academic literature, grey literature, publicly available waste management plans.
Additional information was obtained from grey literature and textbooks pertaining to waste
management topics. After conducting preliminary research, prevalent references of select
sources were identified and scanned for additional relevant articles. Research was also
expanded to include literature pertaining to recycling, composting, education, and case studies.
Wastewater, bio-solids, and hazardous wastes were not focused on in this literature review.
Hazardous wastes are briefly discussed, but they typically require specialized management
which lies outside of the scope of this literature review. The literature review targets people in
Laresio Resort and thus information sources most directly related to the target audience were
preferred.
A common misconception is that environmental protection and sustainable initiatives must come
at the expense of economic development (El-Haggar, 2007). This is particularly true for
managing wastes, a process which depletes natural resources and pollutes the environment if
not done correctly. Proper waste management can be costly in terms of time and resources and
so it is important to understand what options exist for managing waste in an effective, safe and
sustainable manner (El-Haggar, 2007). This is particularly true for organizations which fall into
the institutional, commercial and industrial (ICI) sector.