Survival analysis

1 Preliminary findings
1.1 Model Specification
The Cox proportional hazards model is used to investigate the association between the survival time of the
patients and other explanatory factors in general. We used cox proportional hazard model to examine how the
groups (cold/diffuse) influence the rate of a recurrence(event) happening at a particular point in time. The Cox
model is expressed by the hazard function denoted by h(t). Briefly, the hazard function can be interpreted as
the risk of having the recurrence in number of days (t). It can be estimated as follow:

h(t) = h0 (t)exp(β1 Group)

Where,
t represents the recurrence time in days
here event is the recurrence
h(t) is the hazard function determined by the group
h0 (t) is the baseline hazard for the recurrence - corresponding the null effect irrespective of the group
Group = 1 if subject belongs to cold, 2 if diffuse

1.2 Descriptives

Figure 1: Descriptives

1.3 Kaplan-Meier curve and cox-proportional hazard model

The difference in group (cold/diffuse) have no statistical significant coefficients (p - value = 0.73). The beta
co-efficient value is - 0.138 indicates that diffuse group have lower risk of having recurrence than cold group of
patients The exponentiated co-efficient (0.871) - hazard ratio indicates that being in diffuse group reduces the
hazard by 23 % or 0.87 (0.39 to 1.945) Figure 4;

1
 Figure 2: Kaplan-Meier curve

Figure 3: Proportional Hazard assumption

2
Figure 4: Cox Proportional Hazard model